Tèst -TW

Describe with erarples, the three mechansns

Congestuch cotrol is achieved in Tp
s
by
by cohich

CONG1ESTION CONTROL IN TCP :

when ?
a Congestuon occuY :
(netuotk)
tw
toad > capaits
patket anetuok
packetsshumbes of
ncmber ef
Bnt
Can handle
ueue beorre fFul (
dscard packets Aox)
Routers
decluse shaxdy
Thyoughput
nehutK s Corqebtcol.
abOve tuaton
cbov
To cvoid the
mecharism piomded
congestuon control vauable
whdow; Tep mantaubs a
a Congestos toinodaw feH eoth conelor
Calleo Conges
Contaoi Metonsns)
3 Congestioh Mutiplicakve Descase
Acditve Inceeay /
(AIMD)
Stert
9. Slour
Rotsansmt e fost Recevesy.
3. Tast Detcsvied by
Sendes busdow Sze tecever atvetisdwndo
Tecejver cin netwask
Congeston congesten hdow
Siz: mioimum (nod Cwnd)
Actal coicdow
1B Conges bih Policy :
TCP geneal polky to hadle congectin 1s
bascd oM thee phases:

J Cong tiön avaiclanea

Congestoh cletechuo
D Slouw stat phase :
a vey slow ráke o
Aate
* Sencey Stasts ceith
taansiosion but íases the. cte
to aach a theshold.
the thaeshold is Acached, the eata
When
Aedueo to
Aate koducao ovoidtonqe ton
tialy,
Foally torges lioh ú detected,tae
BChces gres buk to the 8law stant ar
hae the (onges hor
on how
Ahexcl'on
avoidane phase
detected .
Phase ( Phax oi
phase o)
Slao tayt >|ongeslioD
aveiclante

ock vricived acktineout

[3 duphi ate Acks]

 phase ) Sow START EkpONENIIAL INCREASE

Stant
Slow Staut Alqosithrn. 1

Tdea: (tund) stvt

Size ef conges lion cwuncaw
segment sie (MMS)
wth One irnum
mimum
each itme
en hecse One MM9
ackiowleclgement
h clow sast phas

Segernt
> Acknoudelgpmert
Cond RJT
RiT
Pound
TransmissLon
2
Tne
Cwnd

--

RJT )

aois, eeond =
AcK
Cund |
Qwnd 2 : 22
Stant
After ioun
Hftes AoLnd 2 Cwnd 23
ocind 3
of te conges oh
Afte
stut algonthm the siz ca thicshold.
slew
the ùnuases ekponentialy tntl
exponentialy tuntl t
it seachos
seachs
rdo
 cing tsanámi
t co
RTT coisoy A
by
one iheased tohda
ackncotecdyd, sgmenbs of
the ofshe the u
ththis 9h *
chole the tre eoch phas.
s
tops phese Aant slao tfreshold
cwrc sing when
stat AlAcachos
o odditely uond
qosh trporaitil dan sl8owau
ttonges
ion To
ovoid Avoidante, Conges
on e
ceund IncACUSe INCREAs£> IVE ADDr
Avodana. estich Corg Phase
o Y
 Seves

RTT

- -

j42
RTT

i+3
Tie
acto quodonct bha

T! an ACK sives
Cond e cond + fcurd)
Cnd e i
Stant
Pftor tRTT
j 2
Cwre
3R11
-ayeidan,a the
lgoithm, sz
Ih the corgsten
windau hceases
The congestien
orgitio
B Phase éo Cones tuoh Detectoh :
MUbIPHCAT/VE DEOREASE
I7 Congesten c(us, the tongesto
must denaased.
* The cnly uy the seola can tat tongste
nly cay the neocl to
Aetroncmit

sgmont
Ret sanmiBsen Occus1 eb
() Tee ut
) when. 3ACKi duplitate aeceived
thaesnod hopped tho tne Fal
sge of
mutiplcatie deLeay ).
atons.i
TUp MPIEMENTATLON S hare too
cULNs, thee s ca
D a tne tut
congelen, a agmênt hs packady
porsiblity of thee Lu no heus abaut
dhcpped th netwosk, 2
becn
the snt seqenl
DDthis Cáje atongly.hheshold o onehal
4 t the valuc cf the
the
cwoent 'esnc s'ze
ne
6)
4t Atat the slow stent pham agun
D. TA tee AcKS aue hecived , theac is a
duped
teaKes Ronbliy f congetm may hoyeeied
ascment, but Some oment ore
Bafely 3Òe thco
thcc AC
AC ks asc AcCCiCd. This i
catlcd ast tansmiss ôn dast eceveey.
eakes Beacl'
In this cax Tp has a
the vale ef theshold to bne halt
a 9t se
the went cotdaw sige
thieshold
b 3t tt Cend to the valuc of
rges tion auoicane phox
C; 9t otast the
aton Keaet to congesto detecloth
An winplerment
of te tolaung way slowBtet
tine d, a new
Phae &taat
ay thee Acks, a ne congstoi
* Sh detectin
Btant
avoieance phase
Conges to polgy sunmny
q:Ssthyes TCP
h: 2chdow

Timecut slowstut 3ACks

Cond zssthytsh Cogeclizi
bugeslirnSsthytsh -hwmdow
conol ssthrh

Timotut
Corgestier SAKi

wnd Ss thresh
 Exarrple: 32 segments
Thheshold Set to l6 mgmenti
maxinmum wdow
(2 o6
æ) low otrt phw tonclow si3e
lustit it
and grus exruntially

hcach thesholol
Kech thyeshold t Conges ton arodane
(r) Aftes it
MOcduo allas the
toild a timeout
to icae lineanly
twimdas
lwnclow
mutpathe leeOR
the
( d) Af thi moncnt, educe tie thy eshod to
picecd takes vs Odandl
hall
We out happenet
new theshold :lo

start cgaun anol stantwth

* TCP mas tto Blouw Tp rmÙnes to additivemaae
Lohdau si I, ard Tpheached. when the wsdow
tushen nes théhod happos
thaco aluplate Acks een
evet
2, pOtecue take orey
mettpliatie eoAaDe 6and 7cp
The thieshod is Bet &t to
The phase this
addite tha
the bunt) arothei timect
goes t
cupieat Acte aen.
ancthes 3
a fast Taansmigs Lon ast Reovoy

Sendes Receives

Pachet AtkI
Packet 2
Paket 3 Atk 2

Dacket S
ACK2

Ack 2

Dccket b Ak2

Ack6.
Pa cket3
(RetoanSmd)