UE-251 Mechanics of Solid I

Open Ended Lab

Group Members:
Mujtaba Hasan (UE-22019)
Umer Khan (UE-22020)
Saif Uddin (UE-22024)
Saadi Khan (UE-22028)

NED University of Engineering and Technology

Karachi
 Casting plain concrete beam
Plain concrete:
Plain concrete, also known as plain cement concrete or PCC is most commonly
used for paving and flooring. Made from a mix of cement, aggregate, and water
the different types of aggregate and ratio of materials used will give different
types of cement with slightly different properties.

Designing and construction process:

Beam dimensions:
The cross section of beam is 4” by 4”, while the length of beam is 20”.

Construction process:
According calculated quantity of material, mix all concrete mixture then pour
water according to w/c ratio, mix the concrete till all the water is absorbed by
mixture. Pour the concrete in mold in layers and in each layer tamp 25 to 30 times
with tamping rod to avoid pores in beam. Once the mold is filled with concrete
make upper surface smooth.
After 24 hours remove the mold and place the beam in water tank for curing.
 Description of design:
Ratio used: 1:2:4
W/C ratio: 0.5

For beam:
Beam length: 20 in
Cross sectional area = 4in*4in= 16 in²
Material required for design:
For Beam:
Mass of cement= 3 kg
Mass of fine aggregates= 2* mass of cement
Mass of fine aggregates= 6 kg
Mass of coarse aggregates= 4* mass of cement
Mass of coarse aggregates= 12 kg

Testing of beam:
After curing the beam for 21 days take out from water and place it in dry place so
the beam becomes completely dry before testing. Calculate the strength and
elasticity using formula. Calculate the predicted load for the beam using formula
(use the deflection of steel from lab 6). Place the beam in universal testing
machine, note the maximum load and deflection of beam at that load.
Observation:
Max load on Beam = 6250 N
Area = 20*4= 80 in2 = 51612.8 mm2
Compressive strength = Load/Area
Compressive strength = 6250/51612.8
Compressive strength = 0.121 N/mm2
Elasticity=57000√f’c
Elasticity= 57000√0.121
Elasticity= 19827.48 Pa
Calculations:
Max load on beam
E = WL³/48Id
W= 48IdE/L³
Where d= max deflection from lab 6
d=4.5mm
I = inertia
I= bh³/12
I= 4*4³/12= 21.33 in⁴
I= 8.88 x 10 6 mm⁴
L=20in= 508 mm
W= 48*(8.88 x 10 6)*(4.5)*(19827.48)/(508)³
W= 290083.96 N
W= 290.08 KN