Chapter 2

10. Radio antennas often work best when the diameter of the antenna is equal to the
wavelength of the radio wave. Resonable antennas range from 1cm to 5 meters in diameter.
What frequency range does it cover?

ANSWER:

Start with λ*f = c. We know that c is 3 × 10 8 m/s. For λ = 1 cm, we get f=30GHz. For λ = 5 m, we
get 60 MHz. Thus, the band covered is 60 MHz to 30GHz.

25. Ten signals ,each requiring 4000Hz, are multiplexed onto a single channel using FDM. What
is the minimum bandwith required for the multiplexed channel? Assume that the guard bands
are 400Hz wide.

Answer:

There are 10 signals with 4000 Hz each. We need nine guard bands to avoid any interference.
The minimum bandwidth required is 4000 × 10 + 400 × 9 = 43,600Hz.

40. In a typical mobile phone system with hexagonal cells, it is forbidden to reuse a frequency
band in an adjacent cell. If 840 frequencies are available, how many can be used in a given cell?

Answer:

Each cell has six neighbors. If the central cell uses frequency group A, its six neighbors can use
B, C, B, C, B, and C, respectively. In other words, only three unique cells are needed.
Consequently, each cell can have 280 frequencies.

46. A CDMA receiver gets following chips as : (−1 +1 −3 +1 −1 −3 +1 +1) . Assuming the chip
sequences defined in Fig.2-28(a), which stations transmitted, and which bits did they send?

Answer:
Just compute the four normalized inner products:

A： (−1 +1 −3 +1 −1 −3 +1 +1) · (−1 −1 −1 +1 +1 −1 +1 +1)/8

=（1-1+3+1-1+3+1+1）/8=8/8= 1

B: (−1 +1 −3 +1 −1 −3 +1 +1) · (−1 −1 +1 −1 +1 +1 +1 −1)/8 = −1

C: (−1 +1 −3 +1 −1 −3 +1 +1) · (−1 +1 −1 +1 +1 +1 −1 −1)/8 = 0

D: (−1 +1 −3 +1 −1 −3 +1 +1) · (−1 +1 −1 −1 −1 −1 +1 −1)/8 = 1

The result is that A and D sent 1 bits, B sent a 0 bit, and C was silent.