BABCOCK UNIVERSITY, JLJSHAN-REMO, OG UN STATE, NIGERIA

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE - SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND ENGINEERI NG SCIENCES FIRST

SEMESTER FINAL EXAMfN;\ TION - 20 16/2017 ACA DEM IC SESS ION
COURSE: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND i. Indicate your class 11 umber at the top of your answer
1

APPLICATIONS booklet.
11 . Attempt FOUR questions in all. Question ONE and any
FACILITATORS: PROF. OLUDELE AWODELE &
other three of your choice.
MR. ERNEST ONUIRI DATE: DECEMBER 07, 20•15.
CODE: COSC 423
(12 :45 -3:15 PM]
ALOTTIW TIM E: l50M INS VENUE: WRA
INSTRUCTIONS:

111 .
You are advised not to spend more than 50 minutes on question one and about 33 minutes each on the
others. 1v. Question one ca1Ties 40 marks whi le the others carry 20 marks each, totaling 100 marks.

·C 242
---
-··- ·· - --
193

_ __
Q E!__
_ 160
E

F 98

G 77

H 0

80
'
J 151
QUESTION ONE
u 380 K 199
V
374 L 226

w 36.6 M 234
X
y 329 , N- I
z
--16 1-
253
-~ 0 183
-
244
B
241
.. -- -

Use the diagram and table above to answer questions a - f. The diagram shows a state space defined by nodes U to
0 . The table shows the straight line distance of the nodes (U - 0) to the goal node.
a. For a greedy search, determine the goal state with the help of the table above and state the reason for your answer.
[2 Marks)
b. lfthe initial state is W, what states will be traversed to get to the goal state for a greeay search? [5 Marks) c. With
reference to the diagram above and the solution you gave in "b" earlier, illustrate how the greedy search strategy
differs from how the A* search strategy tries to solve the problem. [ 10 Marks]
d. Ass.urning that the unifo~m cost search strategy is adopted, and that the initial state is at "U", what states will be
traversed to get to a goal state? (Assume goal state= "I"). [6 Marks]
e. Assuming that our initial state is "X", what are the states to which slate "E" can transit to? (2 Marks] f. What
will happen if our initial state is U for a greedy search? In this instance, explain how the greedy search can be
susceptible to a false start and how the A* search tries to prevent this limitation. [4 Marks]
g. How does Google work and how can it's working be compared to the mechanism deployed in Wolfram Alpha?
 What Al domain areas are majorly involved? (5 Marks)
h. Compare and contrast the traditional Turing Test versus the redefined version of the Turing Test that was talked
about in the movie "exMachina". What are your deductions? [6 Marks]

OUESTJON TWO
a. Differentiate between agents that have internal states and those that don't. [4 Marks]
h. Autonomy is an important req uirement that an intelligent agent ought to satisfy. Justify this statement. [5

Marks] Page 1 o

c. For
goa
l-based
agent5
and
 utility-ba~ed agents, knowing about the current state of the environment i, not ul 11,1y, cnoutth to decide
what to do. Explain the implicati on of this statement. [5 Marks]
d. The web ns we know it today is human-centric meaning that it requires humans to make meaning out of content.
however the web of the future currently being worked on will be mach ine-centric in that they will be able to
rnnk1; meaning out of web co ntent wi thout human interventi on. Wh ich su bset of Al is responsible for this,
and how is It expected to work? [6 Marks]

QUESTION THREE

a. In the uniform cost 7earch the efficiency of this search strategy is dependent on the
condition that g (successor (n)) > g (n). Justify this statement. [4 Marks]
b. Explain the circumstance under which the depth-first search strategy wi ll be preferred to the breadth-first
search strategy. Also explain the circumstance under which the breadth-first search strategy wi ll be
preferred to the depth-first search strategy. [5 Marks]
c. What is the relevance of trade-offs in formulating the performance metrics ofan intelligent system . . [5
Marksj d. Use a relevant instance/scenario to illustrate the relationship(s) between a problem domain and
knowledge domain and outline how machin~s can be made to expertly solve complex problems. [6 Marks]

QUESTION FOUR
a. According to Elaine Rich, Al is the study of-how to make computers do things which at the moment, people
are better. What is your understanding of this definition? [4 Marks] ·
b. With the aid of a well detailed di agram and scenario differentiate between agents that keep track of the world
and utility-based agents. [5 Marks]
c. It is often said that the world is full of contingency problems which means that in a bid to solve some of these
problems using methods akin to artificial intelligence, the environments associated with such problems are
expected to be largely inaccessible, non-deterrninistic, non-episodic, dynamic or continuous (and in some
cases a combination of two or more). With the aid of a real life scenario,.explain this phenomenon. [5 Marks]
d. Natural selection which is a major feature of evolution, is sometimes applicable to certain Al paradigms to

solve some - - --kiAd-ofproo!ems.-~se of this-mechanism.and why? L6.tv1ar.ksl -- ___ _

QUESTION FIVE
a. What data structure types are fancied by the breadth-first and depth-first search strategies and why? [4
Marks] b. The properties of three search strategies are summarized in the table below. Justify the values in
each in terms of completeness and optimality. What is the space complexity for all three search strategies?
[5 Marks]

SN STRATEGY COMPLETE OPTIMAL

Yes
I Breadth-first Yes No

2 Depth-first No

3 Uniform cost Yes Yes

c. The unifonn cost search is a modification of the breadth-first search. Justify or refute this claim. [5 Marks] d.
Research scientists all over the world are taking steps towards building computers with circuits patterned after
the complex inter-connections existing among the human brain's nerve cells. What name is given to this subset
of Al and what does it hope to achieve? [6 Marks]
QUESTION SIX
a. With the aid of a detailed diagram explain the mechanism/workings of the general learning agent. [5 Marks] b.
Different people think of Al differently. An important question often asked is split along two lines: firstly, do you
want to model humans and secondly, do you want to work from an ideal standard? Most Al proponents and
designs go with the second proposition. Justify this position using a good and relevant instance. [5 Marks]
c. Search strategies are classified into the informed and the uninformed. What defining factors predicate this
classification? [5 Marks]
d. Why would a fi eld like bioinformatics leverage on the compl ex mechanism and workings of the genetic algorithm
parad igm? (5 Mark~]
tJd(~BEST WISHES!!!
·e~\f age o