ASSOSA UNIVERSITY

College of Natural and Computational Sciences

Department of Geology
Course: sedimentary petrology and stratigraphy
by Bikila Argeta (paleontology and paleoenvironment Msc)
Model exam (Time allowed 2:30)
NAME.________________
Instructions:
Write only your name
Switch off your mobile phone
Any cheating or trials to cheat completely makes you out of the exam
Attempt all questions
Your question has only parts
Your answers must be precise
Your hand writing must be Neat and readable
choose from the given alternatives
1. One of the following is correct statement
A debris flow with high kinematic viscosity is laminar
B moving ice with high kinematic viscosity is turbulent
C lava flow with low kinematic viscosity is laminar
D air with low kinematic viscosity is laminar
2. The primary use of limestone is___________
A, primary source material for manufacture of Portland cement
B, used in metallurgical industries as flux
C, used as building stone
D, used as source for magnesium
E, all of the above
3. Large Reynolds number is an indication of __________
A streamline flow B steady flow C laminar flow D high turbulent flow
4. What kind of rock is rock salt, which has been formed by the precipitation of
minerals from solution?
A, non-foliated metamorphic rock
B, chemical sedimentary rock
C, intrusive rocks
D, clastic sedimentary rock
5. Which of the following statements about fluid flow is false?
A, as the velocity of a stream increases, laminar flow may change to turbulent
flow
B, the viscosity of most fluids increases as temperature increases
C, most streams and rivers are turbulent
D, the more viscous the fluid, the more likely the flow is laminar
6. During turbulent flow, smaller grains will not _
A, be picked up more frequently than large grains
B, jump higher than large grains
C, settle more quickly than large grains
D, travel further than large grains

7. The type of bedding where sorting and arrangement has occurred based on grain
size is__
A, cross bedding B, ripple mark C, Graded bedding D, Lamination E, Mud
cracks
8. Carbonate rocks formed mainly of Ooids are called
A, Peloids B, oncoids C, peliolites D, oolites E, All
9. Cemented carbonate beach sand is______
A, Sandstone B, beach rock C, litified beach D,mudstone E,All
10. Among the following which one is not allochem
A, Ooide B, peloid C, fossil, D lithoclast E, Micrite
11. ______states that a fragment of one rock included within another must be older
than the rock that contains it.
A, superposition B, horizontality C, inclusion D,unifomitarinism E, All
12. “The present is the key to the past”states that
 A, superposition B, horizontality C, inclusion D,unifomitarinism E, All
13. _______Is the volume of voids within a rock which can contain liquids.
A, permeabilty B, texture C, porosity, D roundness
14. _____is the fine-grained material (usually clays or silt) that is deposited
originally with the coarser-grained material.
A, clast B, matrix C, fossil, D lithoclast E,bioclast
15. The eon that began about 570 million years ago is called ______
A, headen B, Archean C, Proterozoic, D Phnerozoic E, Paleozoic
16. From the Latin “creta” meaning chalk by a Belgian geologist.
A, Jurassic B, carboniferous C, cretaceaus, D permian E, none
17. one is Transitional depositional environments (Shoreline environments )
A, Delta B, Abysalplane C, alluvialfan, D till E, none
18. The continental environments are located seaward are
A, continental shelf, B Continental, slope, D abysalplane- E,A&B
19. -----is-unbroken deposition, no break or hiatus (break or interruption in the
continuity of the geological record).
A, unconformity B, conformity C, contact, D abrupt -E, gradation
20. younger sediment lies up on an eroded surface of tilted or folded older rocks.
A, Angular B, Disconmormity C, nonconformity, D paraunconformity
21. _____are stratigraphic units which based on the lithological character of rocks.
A, Biostratigraphy B, lithostratigraphy C, chornostratigraphy, D lithoclast
22. _________ are defined as encompassing all rocks formed within certain time
spans of Earth history regardless of their compositions or properties.
A, Biostratigraphy B, lithostratigraphy C, chornostratigraphy, D lithoclast
23. Which is Examples of Key or marker beds
A. bed of volcanic ash within a sedimentary sequence,
B. a bed of conglomerate within a sandstone sequence,
C. a distinctive bed of fossil shells or bones, or
D. all are correct answer.
24. _________ is a method used by geologists to determine the age of rocks and
events in years
 A, relative B, absolute C, chronological, D all
25. Which is Characteristics of the Solar System.
A. It is a Part of a Nebula
B. Most of the mass is concentrated in the sun.
C. Heavy noble gases are rare on earth as compared to space and the sun.
D. ALL
26. Seismic waves generated by earthquakes travel through the Earth with velocities
are depend on:
A. the type of wave
B. the physical properties of the material through which the waves travel
C. Wavelength
D. A&B
27. __________is composed of all of the water on or near the earth.
A, Biosphere B, hydrosphere C, atmoshepre, D lithosphere
28. ___ are areas where mantle appears to ascend due to rising convection currents.
A, Trench B, Island C, MOR, D all
29. The oldest and sparsely distributed Paleozoic sedimentary rocks known as
Enticho Sandstone and Edaga Arbi Tillites are exposed in.
A, southern B, northern C, western, D eastern
30. The stratigraphic sequence of northern Ethiopia is, summarized starting from
younger towards the older is:
1. AmbaAradam SST
2. Basement rock
3. Antalo LST-
4. Adigrat SST -
5. Flood basalt
6. Enticho SST-
A,) 2, 1,34,5,6,B,) 5,1,3,4,6,2 C),1,2,3,4,5,6 , D) 5,1,2,3,4,,6
31.Clastic rock is:
A. Rock formed from cementation of transported grains
B. Rock formed from evaporation of sea water
C. Transformed by heat in to limestone
D. Transformed by pressure in to limestone
32.What is the difference between braccia and conglomerate?
A. Braccia are coarse grained and conglomerates and fine grained
B. Conglomerates are coarse grained and braccia are fine grained
C. Braccia have rounded fragments and conglomerates have angular
fragments
D. Braccia have angular fragments and conglomerates have rounded
fragments
E. None
33.Among the following one is incorrect statement?
A. Increasing transport distance the sediment size will decrease
B. Sediments settle when the transporting agent has sufficient energy
C. With decreasing grain size porosity will increase
D. poorly sorted sediments have lower porosity
E. none of the above
3.Texturally matured sandstone have
A. High quartz mineral
B. Well sorted and well rounded
C. Low quartz mineral
D. Poorly sorted and angular
E. A and B are correct answer
35.If the sandstone contain <5% clay, moderately sorted, slightly more rounding
feldspars and rocks fragments still common is known as___
A. Matured B, immature C, super matured D, sub matured

For the Questions given below choose the best Alternative Based On The Figure
1. Which one is the youngest bed?
A. Bed, B
B. Bed, A
C. Bed, C
D. Sill, D
2. Which one is the oldest bed?
A. Bed, B
B. Bed, A
C. Bed, C
D. Sill, D
3. Which one is the youngest bed?
A. Bed, E
B. Bed, F
C. Bed, C
D. Sill, D
4. Which one is the oldest bed?
A. Bed, B
B. Bed, A
C. Bed, C
D. sill, D
5. Which one is the youngest layer?
A. Dike, G
B. Bed, F
C. Bed, C
D. Sill, D