THE

MERCK MANUALS

FOR HEALTHCARE ONLINE MEDICAL LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS

SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICS Adult Dose Drug AMINOGLYCOSIDES Amikacin Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 1.52.5 mg/kg IV q 2448 h 0.340.51 mg/kg IV q 2448 h Infectious disease consultation required for dosage Dosage adjusted to achieve peak serum concentration of 34 g/mL and trough concentration of < 1 g/mL

Oral N/A

Parenteral 15 mg/kg IV once/day or 7.5 mg/kg q 12 h

Serious Infections

Oral

Parenteral 57.5 mg/kg IV q 12 h 12.5 mg/kg IV q8h 1 mg/kg IV q 8 h

15 mg/kg IV once/day N/A or 7.5 mg/kg IV q 12 h N/A

Gentamicin

N/A

57 mg/kg IV 57 mg/kg once/day IV once/day or 1.7 mg/kg IV q 8 h 1 mg/kg IV q 8 h N/A

For synergy with a cell wallactive antibiotic to treat enterococcal endocarditis caused by strains susceptible to gentamicin

N/A

N/A

For streptococcal or 1 mg/kg IV q 8 h Staphylococcus aureus or endocarditis 3 mg/kg IV once/day

N/A

N/A

1 mg/kg IV q 8 h N/A or 3 mg/kg IV once/day 15 mg/kg q 4 h for 2 N/A days or 25 mg/kg at 1, 2, and 11 pm on the day before surgery 0.61.75 g/m2 q 6 h or 0.41.2 g/m2 q 4 h N/A

1 g for 3 doses (eg, N/A Neomycin at 1, 2, and 11 pm For preoperative gut on the day before antisepsis (with surgery) erythromycin and mechanical cleansing) For hepatic coma 13 g qid N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Table continues on the following page

THE

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SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Streptomycin For TB Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 7.5 mg/kg IM q 7296 h (maximum: 1 g)

Oral N/A

Parenteral

Serious Infections

Oral N/A

Parenteral 2040 mg/kg IM once/day

For synergy with a cell wallactive antibiotic to treat enterococcal endocarditis Tobramycin

N/A

N/A 15 mg/kg IM q 24 h (maximum: 1.0 g/day) initially, then 1.0 g 23 times/wk 7.5 mg/kg IM q 12 h N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

57 mg/kg IV once/day or 1.7 mg/kg IV q8h

GENERATION)

57 mg/kg IV once/day or 1.7 mg/kg IV q 8 h N/A 2 g IV q 8 h N/A

N/A

12.5 mg/kg IV q8h

0.340.51 mg/kg IV q 2448 h

b-LACTAMS: CEPHALOSPORINS (1ST 0.51 g Cefadroxil q 12 h Cefazolin Cephalexin N/A

N/A 12 g IV q 8 h N/A

15 mg/kg q 12 h N/A 6.2512.5 mg/kg q6h or 8.016 mg/kg q8h 1020 mg/kg q 12 h or 6.613.3 mg/kg q8h N/A

N/A 16.633.3 mg/kg IV q 8 h N/A

0.5 g po q 36 h 12 g IV q 2448 h

0.250.5 g q6h

0.250.5 g po q 2448 h

b-LACTAMS: CEPHALOSPORINS (2ND GENERATION) 0.250.5 g q 8 h N/A Cefaclorb

N/A

N/A

0.5 g po q 12 h

Cefotetan

N/A

13 g IV q 12 h

23 g IV q 12 h

2040 mg/kg IV q 12 h

13 g IV q 48 h

Table continues on the following page

THE

MERCK MANUALS

FOR HEALTHCARE ONLINE MEDICAL LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS

SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Cefoxitin Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 0.51.0 g IV q 2448 h 0.25 g po q 1224 h 0.250.5 g po q 24 h or 0.75 g IV q 24 h

Oral N/A

Parenteral 1 g IV q 8 h to 2 g IV q 4 h N/A 0.751.5 g IV q 68 h

Serious Infections 2 g IV q 4 h or 3 g IV q6h N/A 1.5 g IV q 6 h

Oral N/A

Parenteral 2733 mg/kg IV q 8 h or, for severe infections, 2540 mg/kg q 6 h N/A

Cefprozil

0.25 g q 12 h or 0.5 g q 1224 h 0.1250.5 g q 12 h

15 mg/kg q 12 h for otitis media

Cefuroxime

For meningitis b-LACTAMS: CEPHALOSPORINS (3RD Cefoperazone Cefotaxime N/A N/A

GENERATION)

3 g IV q 8 h

1015 mg/kg suspen- 2550 mg/kg IV sion q 12 h q8h For older children: 125250 mg tablets q 12 h

5060 mg/kg IV q6h 25100 mg/kg IV q 12 h 8.333.3 mg/kg IV q4h or 16.666.6 mg/kg q6h N/A Same as adult dose 12 g IV q 24 h

1 g q 12 h to 2 g IV q 4 h 1 g q 12 h to 2 g IV q 4 h

2 g IV q 4 h 2 g IV q 4 h

N/A N/A

Cefpodoximec Ceftazidime Ceftibutenb Ceftizoxime

0.10.4 g q 12 h N/A 0.4 g q 24 h N/A

N/A 1 g IV q 12 h to 2gq8h N/A 0.5 g IV q 12 h to 4 g IV q 8 h

N/A 2 g IV q 8 h N/A

5 mg/kg q 12 h N/A 9 mg/kg once/day N/A

0.10.4 g po q 24 h 0.5 g IV q 2448 h 0.1 g po q 24 h

2550 mg/kg IV q8h N/A 50 mg/kg IV q 68 h

4 g IV q 8 h

Table continues on the following page

0.5 g IV q 24 h to 0.51 g IV q 48 h

THE

MERCK MANUALS

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SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Ceftriaxone Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min)

Oral N/A

Parenteral 12 g IV q 24 h

Serious Infections 2 g IV q 24 h

Oral N/A

Parenteral

For meningitis

N/A

2 g IV q 12 h

2 g IV q 12 h

N/A

50 mg/kg IV q 12 h 2 g IV q 12 h or 100 mg/kg q 24 h (not to exceed 4 g/day) Possibly a loading dose of 100 mg/kg IV (not to exceed 4 g) at the start of therapy 50 mg/kg IV q 812 h N/A

5075 mg/kg IV Same as adult dose q 24 h or 2537.5 mg/kg q 12 h

b-LACTAMS: CEPHALOSPORIN (4TH Cefepime N/A

GENERATION)

12 g IV q 812 h N/A

2 g IV q 8 h N/A

N/A 12.525 mg/kg q 12 h or 713 mg/kg q 8 h 50 mg/kg 1 h before procedure If > 40 kg, adult dose 45 mg/kg q 12 h N/A

0.251 g IV q 24 h 0.250.5 g po q 24 h

b-LACTAMS: PENICILLINS Amoxicillin

0.250.5 g q 8 h or 0.875 g q 12 h 2 g for 1 dose 0.250.5 g q 8 h or 0.875 g q 12 h N/A

For endocarditis prophylaxis Amoxicillin/clavulanate

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

2 g po for 1 dose 0.250.5 g po q 24 h

Amoxicillin/clavulanate, ES-600 Amoxicillin/clavulanate, extended-release

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

2 g q 12 h

Table continues on the following page

THE

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SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Ampicillin For meningitis Ampicillin/sulbactam (3 g = 2 g ampicillin + 1 g sulbactam) Dicloxacillinb Nafcillin Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 0.52.0 g IV q 1224 h 2 g IV q 12 h 1.53.0 g IV q 24 h 0.1250.5 g po q6h 12 g IV q 4 h

Oral N/A N/A N/A 0.1250.5 g q 6 h Rarely used

Parenteral 0.52.0 g IV q 46 h 2 g IV q 4 h 1.53.0 g IV q6h N/A 12 g IV q 4 h

Serious Infections 2 g IV q 4 h 2 g IV q 4 h 3 g IV q 6 h N/A 2 g IV q 4 h

Oral N/A N/A N/A 3.1256.25 mg/kg q6h N/A

Parenteral 2550 mg/kg IV q6h 50100 mg/kg IV q6h 2550 mg/kg IV q6h N/A 12.525 mg/kg IV q6h or 8.333.3 mg/kg q4h

Oxacillin

Rarely used

12 g IV q 4 h

2 g IV q 4 h

N/A

Penicillin Gb

0.250.5 g q 612 h (penicillin V)

14 million units IV q 46 h

4 million units IV q4h

Penicillin VK 6.2512.5 mg/kg q8h

12.525 mg/kg IV q6h or 8.333.3 mg/kg IV q4h 6,250100,000 units/kg IV q 6 h or 4,166.666,666 units/kg IV q 4 h

12 g IV q 4 h

0.52 million units IV q 46 h (maximum total daily dose: 6 million units/day)

Table continues on the following page

THE

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SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Penicillin G benzathine (Bicillin L-A) For streptococcal pharyngitis Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 1.2 million units IM for 1 dose

Oral N/A

Parenteral 1.2 million units IM for 1 dose

Serious Infections N/A

Oral N/A

Parenteral 25,00050,000 units/kg IM as a single dose or if < 27 kg, 300,000600,000 units as a single dose or if 27 kg, 0.9 million units as a single dose 25,00050,000 units/kg IM q 34 wk 50,000 units/kg IM for 1 dose 50,000 units/kg IM in 3 doses 1 wk apart 25,00050,000 units/kg IM q 24 h or 12,50025,000 units/kg IM q 12 h

Prophylaxis for rheumatic fever For early syphilis For late syphilis (excluding neurosyphilis) Penicillin G procaine (IM only)

N/A

1.2 million units IM q 34 wk 2.4 million units IM for 1 dose 2.4 million units IM/wk for 3 wk 0.30.6 million units IM q 12 h 3 g IV q 46 h 3.375 g IV q 46 h

N/A

N/A

1.2 million units IM q 34 wk 2.4 million units IM for 1 dose 2.4 million units IM for 1 dose 0.3 to 0.6 million units IM q 12 h

N/A N/A N/A

N/A N/A N/A

N/A N/A N/A

Piperacillin (1.9 mEq Na/g) Piperacillin/tazobactam (2.25 g = 2.0 g piperacillin + 0.25 g tazobactam)

N/A N/A

3 g IV q 4 h 3.375 g IV q4h

N/A N/A

5075 mg/kg IV q 6 h or 33.350 mg/kg IV q 4 h 80 mg/kg IV q 8 h

34 g IV q 12 h 2.25 g IV q 8 h to 4.5 g IV q 12 h

Table continues on the following page

THE

MERCK MANUALS

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SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Ticarcillin (5.2 mEq Na/g) Ticarcillin/clavulanate (3.1 g = 3 g ticarcillin + 0.1 g clavulanic acid) Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 12 g IV q 12 h 2 g IV q 12 h

Oral N/A N/A

Parenteral 3 g IV q 46 h 3.1 g IV q 46 h

Serious Infections 3 g IV q 4 h 3.1 g IV q 4 h

Oral N/A N/A

Parenteral If < 60 kg: 50 mg/kg IV q 46 h If < 60 kg: 50 mg/kg IV (based on ticarcillin component) q 46 h

OTHER b-LACTAMS Aztreonam Ertapenem Imipenem

N/A N/A N/A

12 g IV q 612 h 1 g IV q 24 h 0.51.0 g IV q 6 h

2 g IV q 6 h 1 g IV q 24 h 1 g IV q 6 h

N/A N/A N/A

3040 mg/kg IV q 68 h N/A For infants 4 wk to 3 mo: 25 mg/kg IV q 6 h For children > 3 mo: 1525 mg/kg IV q 6 h 2040 mg/kg IV q8h

0.5 g IV q 8 h 0.5 g IV q 24 h 0.1250.25 g IV q 12 h (may increase risk of seizures)

Meropenem

N/A

1.0 g IV q 8 h 40 mg/kg IV q 8 h

1.0 g IV q 8 h 40 mg/kg IV q 8 h

N/A N/A

0.5 g IV q 24 h 20 mg/kg IV q 24 h

For meningitis

Table continues on the following page

THE

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SUBJECT

SECTION TOPIC

Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug FLUOROQUINOLONESD Ciprofloxacin 0.50.75 g q 12 h 0.20.4 g IV q 812 h N/A N/A 0.250.75 IV g q 24 h 0.4 g IV q 24 h N/A 0.4 g IV q 12 h 0.4 g IV q 8 h 1015 mg/kg IV q 12 h (in select circumstances) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1015 mg/kg IV q 12 h (in select circumstances) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.50.75 g po q 24 h or 0.20.4 g IV q 24 h N/A 160 mg po q 24 h 0.250.5 g po or IV q 48 h 0.4 g q 24 h po or IV 0.4 g po q 24 h 0.10.2 g po or IV q 24 h Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min)

Oral

Parenteral

Serious Infections

Oral

Parenteral

0.5 g q 24 h for 3 Extended-release for uncomplicated cystitis days Gemifloxacin Levofloxacin 320 mg q 24 h 0.250.75 g q 24 h 0.4 g q 24 h 0.4 g q 12 h 0.20.4 g q 12 h

N/A N/A 0.75 g IV q 24 h 0.4 g IV q 24 h N/A 0.20.4 g IV q 12 h

Moxifloxacin Norfloxacinb Ofloxacin

Table continues on the following page

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Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug MACROLIDES Azithromycin Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min)

Oral

Parenteral

Serious Infections

Oral

Parenteral

0.5 g on day 1, 0.5 g IV q 24 h then 0.25 g q 24 h for 4 days

0.5 g IV q 24 h

N/A

0.5 g on day 1, then 0.25 g po q 24 h for 4 days or 0.5 g IV q 24 h N/A N/A N/A N/A

1 g for 1dose For nongonococcal cervicitis and urethritis For travelers diarrhea For tonsillitis or pharyngitis For otitis media or community-acquired pneumonia 1 g for 1dose N/A N/A

N/A N/A N/A N/A

N/A N/A N/A N/A

N/A 510 mg/kg for 1 dose 12 mg/kg for 5 days 10 mg/kg on day 1, then 5 mg/kg once/day on days 25 7.5 mg/kg q 12 h N/A

N/A N/A N/A N/A

Clarithromycin

0.250.5 g q 12 h N/A Extendedrelease: 1 g q 24 h 0.5 g q 24 h N/A N/A

N/A N/A N/A

N/A N/A

0.250.5 g po q 24 h 0.5 g po q 24 h 0.25 g po q 6 h

Dirithromycin Erythromycin baseb

0.250.5 g q 6 h

Lactobionate

N/A

0.51 g IV q 6 h

1 g IV q 6 h

1016.6 mg/kg q 8 h N/A or 7.512.5 mg/kg q6h N/A

Table continues on the following page

3.755.0 mg/kg IV q6h

0.5 g IV q 6 h

THE

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SUBJECT

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Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Gluceptate For GI preoperative bowel preparation Telithromycin Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 0.5 g IV q 6 h N/A 800 mg po q 24 h

Oral N/A 1 g for 3 doses 800 mg q 24 h

AND TRIMETHOPRIM

Parenteral 0.51 g IV q 6 h N/A N/A

Serious Infections 1 g IV q 6 h N/A N/A

Oral N/A 20 mg/kg for 3 doses N/A

Parenteral 3.755.0 mg/kg IV q6h N/A N/A

SULFONAMIDES Sulfisoxazole

1.0 g q 6 h

25 mg/kg IV q 6 h (not available in US) N/A N/A N/A 35 mg TMP/kg IV q 68 h

N/A N/A N/A N/A 5 mg TMP/kg IV q 6 h

3037.5 mg/kg q 6 h or 2025 mg/kg q 4 h 7.511.25 mg/kg q6h 2530 mg/kg q 12 h

N/A N/A N/A

1 g po q 1224 h N/A 1 g po q 24 h 0.1 g po q 24 h (Not recommended if other alternatives are available)

Sulfamethizole

0.51 g q 68 h 1 g q 812 h 0.1 g q 12 h or 0.2 g q 24 h 0.16/0.8 g q 12 h 0.32/1.6 g q 8 h for 21 days

Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim

2 mg/kg q 12 h for 10 N/A days for UTI 36 mg TMP/kg q 12 h 56.6 mg TMP/kg q 8h or 3.755 mg TMP/kg q6h 36 mg TMP/kg IV q 12 h

Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazolee For Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumoniae

5 mg TMP/kg IV q 5 mg TMP/kg 8 h for 21 days IV q 68 h

56.6 mg TMP/kg IV If essential, 5 mg q8h TMP/kg IV q 24 h or or 3.755 mg TMP/kg 1.25 mg TMP/kg IV q IV q 6 h 6h

Table continues on the following page

THE

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SUBJECT

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Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug TETRACYCLINES Doxycycline Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min)

Oral

Parenteral

Serious Infections

Oral

Parenteral

0.1 g q 12 h

0.1 g IV q 12 h

0.1 mg IV q 12 h

Age > 8 yr: 24 mg/kg q 24 h or 12 mg/kg q 12 h N/A

0.1 g IV or po q 12 h Age > 8 yr: 24 mg/kg IV q 24 h or 12 mg/kg IV q 12 h N/A 0.1 g IV or po q 12 h

Minocycline

0.1 g q 12 h

0.1 g IV q 12 h

0.1 g IV q 12 h

Tetracyclineb

0.250.5 g q 6 h N/A

N/A 100 mg, then 50 mg (25 mg for severe hepatic dysfunction) IV q 12 hr 0.6 g IV q 6 h to 0.9 IV g q 8 h

N/A Same as adult dose

Age > 8 yr: 6.2512.5 mg/kg q 6h N/A

N/A N/A

Doxycycline used instead Same as adult dose

Tigecycline

OTHERS Clindamycin

0.150.45 g q 6 h

0.9 g IV q 8 h

2.66.6 mg/kg q 8h or 25 mg/kg q 6 h N/A N/A

Chloramphenicol For meningitis

0.251 g q6h N/A

0.251.0 g IV q6h 12.5 mg/kg q 6 h (maximum: 4 g/day)

1 g IV q 6 h 12.5 mg/kg IV q 6 h (maximum: 4 g/day)

6.613.2 mg/kg IV q8h or 510 mg/kg IV q6h 12.518.75 mg/kg IV q 6 h 18.7525 mg/kg IV q 6 h

0.150.45 g po q 6 h or 0.60.9 g IV q 68 h 0.251.0 g IV q6h 12.5 mg/kg IV q 6 h (maximum: 4 g/day)

Table continues on the following page

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Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Daptomycin Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 4 mg/kg IV q 48 h 0.6 g IV or po q 12 h 3.75 mg/kg IV or po q 6 h (not to exceed 2 g/day) N/A

Oral N/A 0.6 g q 12 h 7.5 mg/kg q 6 h (not to exceed 4 g/day)

Parenteral 4 mg/kg IV q 24 h 0.6 g IV q 12 h 7.5 mg/kg IV q 6 h (not to exceed 4 g/day) N/A

Serious Infections 4 mg/kg IV q 24 h 0.6 g IV q 12 h 7.5 mg/kg IV q 6 h (not to exceed 4 g/day) N/A

Oral N/A 10 mg/kg q 8 h 7.5 mg/kg q 6 h N/A

Parenteral N/A 10 mg/kg IV q 8 h 7.5 mg/kg IV q6h N/A

Linezolid Metronidazole For anaerobic infection For trichomoniasis

2 g for 1 dose or 0.5 g q 12 h for 7 days 0.5 g q 68 h for 1014 days

For Clostridium difficile-induced diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis) For amebiasis

500 mg IV q 68 h

500 mg IV q 6 h

7.5 mg/kg q 8 h

7.5 mg/kg IV q6h 11.616.6 mg/kg IV q 8 h for 710 days N/A

250 mg po or IV q 8 h

0.50.75 g q 8 h for 0.75 g IV q 8 h for 10 days followed 10 days followed by paromomycin by paromomycin po 0.5 g q 8 h for po 0.5 g q 8 h for 7 days 7 days 0.25 g q 68 h for 57 days N/A

11.616.6 mg/kg 0.75 g IV q 8 h for 10 days followed by q 8 h for 710 days paromomycin po 0.5 g q 8 h for 7 days N/A 5 mg/kg q 68 h for 5 days

N/A

For giardiasis

N/A

Table continues on the following page

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Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Nitrofurantoin macrocrystals Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) Not recommended N/A 7.5 mg/kg IV q 812 h

Oral 50100 mg q 6 h

Parenteral N/A N/A 7.5 mg/kg IV q 812 h

Serious Infections N/A N/A 7.5 mg/kg IV q 8 h

Oral 1.251.75 mg/kg q6h N/A N/A

Parenteral N/A N/A 7.5 mg/kg IV q 12 h for complicated skin or skin structure infection or 7.5 mg/kg q 8 h for serious infections 1020 mg/kg IV q 24 h

Nitrofurantoin monohy- 100 mg q 12 h drate/macrocrystals Quinupristin/ dalfopristin N/A

Rifampinb For TB

0.6 g q 24 h

0.6 g IV q 24 h

N/A

510 mg/kg q 12 h or 1020 mg/kg q 24 h

0.30.6 g IV or po q 24 h 0.6 g po q 12 h for 4 doses 20 mg/kg q 24 h for 4 days (not to exceed 600 mg q 24 h) 0.3 g IV or po q 8 h or 0.60.9 g IV or po q 24 h

For meningococcal exposure For Haemophilus influenzae exposure

0.6 g q 12 h for 4 doses 20 mg/kg q 24 h for 4 days (not to exceed 600 mg q 24 h)

N/A

N/A

Age 1 mo: 10 mg/kg N/A q 12 h for 2 days Age < 1 mo: 5 mg/kg q 12 h for 2 days 20 mg/kg q 24 h N/A for 4 days Age < 1 mo: 10 mg/kg q 24 h for 4 days

N/A

N/A

For staphylococcal 0.3 g q 8 h infections (used with a or penicillin, cephalo0.60.9 g q 24 h sporin, or vancomycin) Table continues on the following page

0.3 g IV q 8 h or 0.60.9 g IV q 24 h

0.3 g IV q 8 h or 0.60.9 g IV q 24 h

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Infectious Diseases Introduction

Bacteria and Antibacterial Drugs

TABLE 1703. USUAL DOSES OF COMMONLY PRESCRIBED ANTIBIOTICSContinued Adult Dose Drug Spectinomycin Children's (Age > 1 mo) Dose Dose in Renal Failure* (CrCl < 10 mL/min) 2 g IM for 1 dose 0.51.0 g IV q wk 15 mg/kg IV q wk

Oral N/A

Parenteral 2 g IM for 1 dose

Serious Infections N/A 15 mg/kg IV q 12 h 1 g IV q 8 h or 1.5 g IV q 12 h

Oral N/A N/A

Parenteral N/A 13 mg/kg IV q 8 h or 10 mg/kg q 6 h 15 mg/kg IV q 6 h

Vancomycin

125 mg q 6 h (only 15 mg/kg q 12 h effective for (often 1 g q 12) C. difficileinduced diarrhea N/A 1 g IV q 8 h or 1.5 g IV q 12 hf

For meningitis

N/A

N/A = Not applicable; TMP = trimethoprim. a Initial loading dose should be equivalent to the usual dose for patients with normal renal function, followed by a dose adjusted for renal failure. Dosing adjustments of aminoglycosides should be assisted by measuring peak (drawn 1 h after the start of a 30-min IV infusion) and trough (drawn 30 min before next dose) serum levels. b Rate or extent of absorption is decreased when the drug is taken with food. c Dosage should not exceed that for adults. d These drugs are generally avoided in children. e Dose is based on TMP. f In addition, intrathecal or intraventricular vancomycin 1020 mg/day may be necessary, and dose may need to be adjusted to achieve trough CSF levels of 1020 g/mL.