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Chinese Culture
In Malaysia, a national cultural planning was not explicitly formulated until August 1971. The
fresh approach was the result of a National Culture Congress, sponsored by the government,
with over a thousand invited participants, the most of whom were Malay, and sixty working
papers. The rules that came out of this Congress suggested that a country's culture be built
around three key principles.
Nowadays,lion dances can now be performed throughout the year, permits may still be
required as they may include collecting donations.
3 issue
Education
Lion dance
The history of kl
-1974, lion dance performances had welcomed the Malaysian Prime Minister home
following his first visit to China, stimulating increased interest in the lion dance among
Chinese Malaysians.
-1976, a number of influential Chinese politicians and cabinet ministers supported the
organization of the Selangor Federation of Lion Dance Associations, and began to request
national recognition of the lion dance
-1979,Home Affairs Minister, Tan Sri Ghazali Shafie, speaking at a seminar on the role of
Malay Studies in the development of a national identity, declared that "foreign" cultural
elements, such as the Chinese lion dance, could never be accepted as part of Malaysian
national culture. Ghazali Shafie further suggested that changing the lion dance to a tiger
dance accompanied by music from the gong, flute, tabla (Indian drum), or gamelan (Malay
orchestra)
1974 年,马来西亚总理首次访华回国,舞狮表演迎来了马来西亚华人对舞狮的兴趣。
1976 年,一些有影响力的中国政治家和内阁部长支持雪兰莪舞狮协会联合会的组织,
并开始要求国家承认舞狮
1979,1979 年 5 月,内政部长丹斯里·加扎里·沙菲益 (Tan Sri Ghazali Shafie) 在一次关于
马来研究在发展国家认同中的作用的研讨会上发表讲话时,做出了回应,宣称“外
国”文化元素,例如中国狮子 舞蹈永远不可能被接受为马来西亚民族文化的一部分。
安萨里·沙菲益进一步建议,将舞狮改为舞虎,并伴以锣、笛、塔布拉(印度鼓)或加
(马来乐团)的音乐,可能会增强其舞狮的效果。
1980- 80 年代的特点是政府机构和民族政治组织进行了一系列挑衅、回应和反击。 报
纸上也存在关于文化问题的激烈而复杂的辩论,特别是英语星报 对这些问题的持续辩
论和积极示威最终导致了 1987 年政府的镇压
-1981 dec, the current Minister of Culture, Youth, and Sports, DaMokhtar Hashim,
announced that the government intended conduct a review of the ten-year-old national
culture policy in dec
-1981 dec PM Mahathir announced that Malaysia -built on language, one culture policy
华人的反击 solution
1983- cultural Congress held at the Penang Chinese Town Hall in March of 1983. In a twenty-
four-page memorandum,8 representatives of the leading Chinese associations in Malaysia,
including the two major Chinese educationalist groups, outlined their vision of a Malaysian
national culture built on respect and support for cultural diversity.
1) diversity of cultural forms: the fine elements in the culture of each ethnic community
form the foundation of national culture
2) a set of common values: the guidelines to the establishment of a set of common cultural
values are science, democracy, rule of law and patriotism;
3) local colour: the common cultural values must be expressed through the multi-racial
format
4) the process of melding should be consistent with the principle of equality of all ethnic
groups and the method of democratic consultation
The first group of proposals advocated increased Malaysian government support for the
preservation and development of the language, education, and culture of all ethnic
groups
the second recommended the promotion of increased cultural interactions between
Malaysia's ethnic groups in order to foster more common cultural values, and to support
freedom of artistic development and expression
政府的回应 过了几个月后
the Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports, Anwar Ibrahim,- not interested in changing
national culture policy, only concerned with enhancing its implementation
政府无意改变国家文化政策,只关心加强其实施
华人要求-Lee Kim Sai, MCA Youth Chairman and Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's
Department, once again called for the inclusion of the Chinese lion dance in the national
culture
1990s
1990- The lion dance, while never accorded official status, has been frequently performed
throughout Malaysia in the 1990s with a minimum of government interference, effectively
removing this issue from public debate.
1988-education
Culture 的一部分
Mahathir-The arrests by the Mahathir administration under the Internal Security Act (ISA)
may have stifled public discussions of national culture issues
MCA-The MCA also continued to give voice to these concerns at its 1989 general assembly
meeting, where it adopted ten resolutions that included calls to revoke all provisions
detrimental to the survival and development of Chinese schools
Stable tension