[ Chapter 01: Overview of New and Renewable Energy ]

Seab Piseth | pisethseab@gmail.com | 011 70 48 25

Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering

Faculty of Electrical Engineering
Institute of Technology of Cambodia

Chapter 01: Overview of New and Renewable Energy Page 1

 Types of New and Renewable Energies

❖New Energy ❖Renewable Energy

• Lightning • Solar energy: PV, thermal
• Fuel cell • Wind
• Osmotic • Ocean: tides, wave, sea
• Nuclear current,
• Geothermal
• Bio fuels: biodiesel,
biomass, biogas,
bioethanol
• Hydro energy

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 Types of New and Renewable Energies
❖New Energy
• Osmotic

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 Introduction: Energy

➢Definition: something that can produce work.

➢Examples (Energies in Mechanics):
• Internal Energy (U)
• Kinetic Energy (KE)
• Potential Energy (PE)
➢Work (W) and Heat (Q) are energy in transition
or in changing form.

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 Other Energies Besides Mechanics

• Electrical
• Thermal (volcanic, geothermal)
• Chemical (battery, fuel cell)
• Nuclear
• Gravity (tidal wave)
• Hydraulic (wave, water fall)
• Etc.

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 Sources of Energy
➢ From out of the earth (celestial or extra-
terrestrial):
• Solar: solar, wind, hydro, fossil, etc.
• Gravitation: tide.
➢ From within the earth (terrestrial):
• Magma: geothermal: geyser, fumaroles,
reservoir, etc.
• Nuclear: fission, fusion.
• Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which
the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller, lighter nuclei.
• Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form
one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons)
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 Sources of Energy

Geyser (like smoke)

Fumaroles (like steam)

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 Types of Energy

•Conventional Energy
•Fossil Energy
vs.
•Non Conventional or Alternative
Energy
•New Energy
•Renewable Energy

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 Conventional Energy

❖ Definition: Energy that is commonly

used nowadays
➢ Examples:
• Crude oil (ប្រេងកាត)
• Natural Gas
• Coal

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 Non Conventional or Alternative Energy

❖ Definition: Energy that is not commonly

used today
❖ Examples:
▪ Nuclear
▪ Fuel cell
▪ Renewable Energy

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 Conventional Vs Non-Conventional Sources of Energy

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 Renewable Energy

❖ Definition
• Energy that can be replenished at the same rate as they are
used (Bent Sorensen, 2000).
• Renewable energy is energy produced from sources that
do not deplete or can be replenished within a human's life
time.
❖ Examples:
• Solar
• Wind
• Bio
• Hydro
• Geothermal
• Ocean/Marine
• Fuel cell
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 Obstacles of Renewable Energies

❖High capital cost

❖Limited on no government incentive
❖Limited funding mechanism
❖Limited information to people and
government
❖Fuel subsidy that makes renewable
energy not desirable nor profitable

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 Non Renewable Energy

❖ Definition: Energy that has the rate of use larger

than the rate of replenishment.
❖ Examples:
• Fossil Energy:
• Crude oil
• Natural gas
• Coal
• Peat (Gambut)
• Nuclear

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 Renewable Energy Vs Non-Renewable Energy

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 New Energy

❖ Definition: Energy that has its technology

comparably newer than the others
❖ Examples:
• Fuel cell
• Coal Bed Methane (CBD)
• Osmotic
• Nuclear

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 Why Do We Need Renewable Energy?

• Oil is expensive
• Oil is phasing out
• Oil, natural gas and coal are not
renewable
❖ Burning oil causes air pollution:
– Global warming
– Smoke and
– Acid rain

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 Price of Oil

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 Potential Climate Change Impact

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 Acid Rain

❖ Caused mainly by sulfur content of the fuel.

❖ Combustion of fuels creates sulfur dioxides and nitric
oxides, which then converted to sulfuric acid and
nitric acid.
❖ pH < 7.0
❖ Harmful for:
–Human
–Plants
–Aquatic animals
–Infra structure (buildings, statues, etc., made of limestones,
sandstones, marble and granites that create gypsum then flakes off)

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 Process of Acid Rain Formation

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 SMOKE

❖ Smoke is airborne liquid or solid

particulate and gasses.
❖ Limits the visibility or visual distance.
❖ Irritates eyes, throats, lungs.

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 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

TO REDUCE THE ABOVE

PROBLEMS, WE MUST START
USING RENEWABLE ENERGY AS
MUCH AS POSSIBLE TODAY

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 Summary: Energy Categories
-Lightning
-Fuel cell
New Energy -Coal Bed Methane (CBD)
-Osmotic
-Nuclear

- Solar energy: PV, thermal

- Wind
- Ocean: tides, wave, sea current,
Renewable Energy OTEC
- Geothermal
-Bio fuels: biodiesel, biomass, biogas,
- bioethanol
- Hydro energy
Energy
Non-Renewable - Fossil Energy
- Crude oil
- Natural gas
Energy - Coal
- Peat (Gambut)
- Nuclear

- Crude oil (ប្រេងកាត)

Conversional Energy - Natural Gas (ប្រេងប្ៅ?)
- Coal

- Nuclear
Non-Conversional - Fuel cell
Energy - Renewable Energy

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