Machine Learning : is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) focused on

building computer systems that learn from data.

Machine learning algorithms : are trained to find relationships

and patterns in data.

Supervised learning : Supervised learning is an approach to creating

artificial intelligence (AI) where a computer algorithm is trained on input data that
has been labeled for a particular output.

Classification: Classification is a type of supervised machine learning

where algorithms learn from the data to predict an outcome or event in the
future.

Regression: Regression is a type of supervised machine learning

where algorithms learn from the data to predict continuous values such as
sales, salary, weight.

unsupervised learning : Unsupervised learning is a type of machine

learning (ML) technique that uses artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to identify
patterns in data sets that are neither classified nor labeled.

K-Means Clustering : is an unsupervised learning technique

to classify unlabeled data by grouping them by features, rather than pre-
defined categories.
reinforcement learning : Reinforcement learning is a machine
learning training method based on rewarding desired behaviors and punishing
undesired ones.

Deep Learning : Deep learning is a type of machine learning and artificial

intelligence (AI) that imitates the way humans gain certain types of knowledge.

Deep Reinforcement Learning : is a specialized form of RL that

utilizes deep neural networks to solve more complex problems.

Linear regression : is a statistical method employed to anticipate

the connection between two variables.

best fit line : he best fit line is a line that fits the given scatter plot in
the best way.

Least Squares : he least squares method is a form of mathematical

regression analysis used to determine the line of best fit for a set of data

gradient descent: Gradient descent is an optimization algorithm which

is commonly-used to train machine learning models and neural networks.
Polynomial Regression : is a form of linear regression in which the
relationship between the independent variable x and dependent variable y is
modeled as an nth-degree polynomial.

Overfitting : Overfitting occurs when a machine learning model learns

the training data too well.

Characteristics of Overfitting :
- High training error
- Low validation error
- High generalization error

Underfitting : Underfitting occurs when a machine learning model is too

simple to capture the underlying patterns in the training data.

Characteristics of Underfitting :
- High training error
- High validation error
- Low generalization error
Naive Bayes : is a classification method grounded in Bayes' Theorem,
assuming independence among predictors.