CONDITIONALS

WHAT IS A
CONDITIONAL?

In grammar, a conditional is a sentence

structure where a particular situation, and
its result/consequence are expressed in a
complex sentence.

A conditional has an ''if clause'' (the

condition) and a ''main clause'' (the result).
TYPES OF
CONDITIONALS:
In English we have 5 different types of
conditionals:

Zero Conditional
First / Real Conditional
Second Conditional / Unreal Conditional
Third Conditinal
ZERO CONDITIONAL
Zero conditional is used for facts that are generally true and
FUNCTION: DO NOT change.

We use 2 structures, they are the same. The only difference is

STRUCTURE: that one specifies all the elements in the conditional sentence.

If + SImple Present , Simple Present

If + Subject + Verb Simple Present + Complement + , + Subject + Verb Simple Present + Complement (optional)
EXAMPLES
If + Subject + Verb Simple Present + Complement + , + Subject + Verb Simple Present + Complement (optional)

If you put water on the freezer, it turns into ice.

If she stands in the rain, she gets wet.

If I arrive late, my boss scolds me.

FIRST / REAL CONDITIONAL
First conditional refers to actions or events in the future which
FUNCTION: are likely to happen.

STRUCTURE:

If + Subject + Verb Simple Present + Complement + , + Subject + Will + Verb Base Form + Complement
EXAMPLES
If + Subject + Verb Simple Present + Complement + , + Subject + Will + Verb Base Form + Complement (optional)

If I get the job, I will earn more money.

If he goes to Dubai, he will spend a big amount of money.

If they don't fix their mistakes, they will be grounded.

 SECOND CONDITIONAL / UNREAL CONDITIONAL

The second conditional is used to talk about actions or events

FUNCTION: that are impossible or imaginary.

STRUCTURE:

If + Subject + Verb Simple Past + Complement + , + Subject + Would + Verb Base Form + Complement
EXAMPLES
If + Subject + Verb Simple Past + Complement + , + Subject + Would + Verb Base Form + Complement

If I won the lottery, I would buy a Lamborghini.

If you were the president, you would create educational programs.

If we were family, we would go out every weekend.

 THIRD CONDITIONAL
Third conditionals are used to talk about things in the past that
FUNCTION: did not happen.

STRUCTURE:

If + Subject + Past Perfect + Complement + , + Subject + Would / Could / Might + Have + Verb Past Participle + Complement
 EXAMPLES
If + Subject + Past Perfect + Complement + , + Subject + Would / Could / Might + Have + Verb Past Participle + Complement

If I had gotten the gold medal, I would have been happy.

If she had trained more, she could have completed the race.

If we had studied for the exam, we might have gotten an A+.

STRUCTURES
WITH ANY CONDITIONAL TENSE WE CAN USE 2 TYPES OF
STRUCTURES.

''IF'' CLAUSE + MAIN CLAUSE

EXAMPLES:

IF I HAD A MANSION, I WOULD THROW A LOT OF PARTIES.

IF YOU BOIL WATER, IT EVAPORATES.

IF I HAD WORKED ALL WEEK, I COULD HAVE GOTTEN A BETTER

PAYCHECK.
STRUCTURES NOTE!
WHEN USING THIS
THE OTHER STRUCTURE WE CAN USE IS STRUCTURE YOU
THE FOLLOWING ONE: MUSN`T ADD THE
'','' AS SHOWN IN
MAIN CLAUSE + ''IF'' CLAUSE THE PREVIOUS
DETAILED
EXAMPLES: STRUCTURES.

I WOULD THROW A LOT OF PARTIES IF I HAD A MANSION,

WATER EVAPORATES IF YOU BOIL IT.

I COULD HAVE GOTTEN A BETTER PAYCHECK IF I HAD WORKED ALL

WEEK,