REPORTED

SPEECH
JUAN VELAZQUEZ
REPORTED SPEECH

IS HOW WE REPRESENT THE SPEECH OF

OTHER PEOPLE OR WHAT WE OURSELVES
SAY. THERE ARE TWO MAIN TYPES OF
REPORTED SPEECH:
DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH.
 DIRECT SPEECH
IN DIRECT SPEECH WE QUOTE WHAT THE
PERSON SAID
EXAMPLES:
"I HATE THIS TOPIC" SAID LARISSA
"PHONES AREN'T ALLOWED DURING THE
TEST" HE ANNOUNCED
"THESE ARE FACTS" THE LAWYERS CLAIMED
 INDIRECT SPEECH
IN INDIRECT SPEECH, WE OFTEN USE A
TENSE WHICH IS 'FURTHER BACK' IN THE
PAST (E.G. WORKED) THAN THE TENSE
ORIGINALLY USED (E.G. WORK).
THIS IS CALLED 'BACKSHIFT'. WE ALSO MAY
NEED TO CHANGE OTHER WORDS THAT WERE
USED, FOR EXAMPLE PRONOUNS.
 INDIRECT SPEECH
EXAMPLES:
MONICA-EDUARDO: "I LOVE THE SHOW"
-MONICA TOLD EDUARDO THAT SHE LOVED THE SHOW.
ANDRE-LUIS: "I ATE PIZZA LAST SATURDAY"
-ANDRE TOLD LUIS THAT HE HAD EATEN PIZZA LAST
SATURDAY.
ALEXIS: "WE ARE PRACTICING A TOPIC"
-ALEXIS SAID THAT WE WERE PRACTICING A TOPIC.
 SIMPLE PRESENT CHANGES TO SIMPLE PAST

PRESENT CONTINUOUS CHANGES TO PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT CHANGES TO PAST PERFECT

PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT

CHANGES TO
CONTINOUOS CONTINUOUS

SIMPLE PAST CHANGES TO PAST PERFECT

PAST PERFECT
PAST CONTINUOUS CHANGES TO
CONTINUOUS

PAST PERFECT =

PAST PERFECT
=
CONTINUOUS
 INDIRECT SPEECH
(MODAL VERBS)
WILL CHANGES TO WOULD

CAN CHANGES TO COULD

MUST CHANGES TO HAD TO

MAY CHANGES TO MIGHT

SHALL CHANGES TO SHOULD

would =

could =

should =

might =
 TIME EXPRESSIONS
now CHANGES TO then, at that time

today CHANGES TO that day

tonight CHANGES TO that night

tomorrow CHANGES TO the next day / the following day

yesterday CHANGES TO the day before / the previous day

last night CHANGES TO the night before / the previous night

this week CHANGES TO that week

last month CHANGES TO the month before / the previous month

next year CHANGES TO the following year / in (specify year)

5 minutes ago CHANGES TO 5 minutes before

in 2 hours CHANGES TO 2 hours later

PLACE EXPRESSIONS

here CHANGES TO there

this CHANGES TO that

these CHANGES TO those