29. maj 2010.

MEHANIKA (OG2M),
-kolokvijum-

1.
z
ZO

XO YO
O
F
T2
T1 Q2 y
ZA C
A Q1
x B
YA
S

A1 3 A2 4
Q1 = Q = Q; Q2 = Q = Q. T1(3b,b,0); T2(b,3b/2,0).
A 7 A 7

S.U.R:
ΣX = 0 ⇒ X 0 + S sin α sin β = 0
α ≡ ∠ODB;
ΣY = 0 ⇒ Y0 + YA + S sin α cos β = 0
2 13
ΣZ = 0 ⇒ Z 0 + Z A − Q + F + S cos α = 0 cos α = ; sin α =
17 17
3
ΣM Ox = 0 ⇒ −bQ1 − bQ2 + 3bF + 3bS cos α = 0 β ≡ ∠BOC ;
2
ΣM Oy = 0 ⇒ bQ2 + 3bQ1 − 5bZ A − 2bS cos α = 0 2 3
sin β = ; cos β =
13 13
ΣM Oz = 0 ⇒ 5bYA = 0

17 3
S= ( Q − F );
2 7
3
X 0 = Q − F;
7
9 3
Y0 = Q − F ;
14 2
1 13
Z 0 = ( Q − 2 F );
5 7
YA = 0;
1
Z A = (Q + 2 F ).
5
2.

a)
U pitanju je plitka lančanica.
Proračun naprezanja u crevu pri temperaturi t0=10 0C kada je ono prazno:

γ creval 2 2 ⋅ 10 4 ⋅ 10 2
σ0 = = = 2,5 ⋅ 106 Pa < σ d = 107 Pa
2 f0 2 ⋅ 0,4
b)
Proračun ekvivalentne specifične težine lančanice:
Avode 1
q = qcreva + qvode = γ crevaAcreva + γ vodeAvode = γ ekvAcreva ⇒γ ekv = γ creva + γ vode = γ creva + γ vode 2 .
Acreva ( )
( Dd ) −1
1
γ ekv = 2 ⋅ 104 + 1 ⋅ 104
(( )
23 2
20
)
−1
= 5.1 ⋅ 104 N/m3

Proračun ugiba creva pri temperaturi t0=10 0C kada je ono napunjeno vodom:

3 γ creva l 4
f0 −
3
3 γ creva l 4
f 0 − l (2 L0 − 2l ) f 0 − = 0 ⇒ (2 L0 − 2l ) =
3 3 4 E
4 4 E 3
l ⋅ f0
4
3 γ creval 4 0,43 − 3 2 ⋅ 10 10
4 4

f0 −
3
4 0,5 ⋅ 1010
(2 L0 − 2l ) = 3 4 E = 3
= 0,0113 m
l ⋅ f0 10 ⋅ 0,4
4 4
3 γ l4 3 5,1 ⋅ 104104
f '0 − l (2 L0 − 2l ) f '0 − ekv = 0 ⇒ f '0 − 10 ⋅ 0,0113 f '0 −
3 3 3 3
=0
4 4 E 4 4 0,5 ⋅ 1010

f '0 −0,0847 f '0 −0,0765 = 0 ⇒ f '0 = 0,49 m

3

Proračun naprezanja u crevu pri temperaturi t0=10 0C kada je ono napunjeno vodom:

γ ekvl 2 5,1 ⋅ 104 ⋅ 10 2

σ '0 = = = 5,2 ⋅ 106 Pa < σ d = 107 Pa
2 f '0 2 ⋅ 0,49

Proračun ugiba creva pri temperaturi t=80 0C kada je ono napunjeno vodom:
3 2  γ ekv l 2 σ '0  3 γ ekvl 4
2
f −f l 
3
+ α (t − t 0 ) − − =0
2  6σ '02 E  4 E

3  (5,1 ⋅ 10 4 ) 2 ⋅ 10 2 −5 5,2 ⋅ 10 6  3 5,1 ⋅ 10 4 ⋅ 10 4

f3− ⋅ 10 2  + 10 (80 − 10) −  f − ⋅ =0
 6 ⋅ (5,2 ⋅ 10 ) 0,5 ⋅ 1010  4 0,5 ⋅ 1010
6 2
2

f 3 − 0,1895 f − 0,0765 = 0 ⇒ f = 0,57 m.