ASSIGNMENT NO.

7A
ANTERO-MEDIAL THIGH AND HIP JOINT

At the end of the course the students must be able to:

1. Briefly describe the following landmarks of the anterior and medial

thigh
1.1 Anterior superior iliac spine
1.2 Iliac crest
1.3 Pubic crest
1.4 Pubic tubercle
2. Describe the superficial fascia of the thigh
3. Define cribriform fascia
4. Describe the cutaneous nerves of the anterior and medial aspect of the
thigh
4.1 from lumbar plexus
4.2 from femoral nerve
4.3 from obturator nerve
5. Discuss the cutaneous vessels in the antero-medial thigh
6. Describe the following features/parts of the deep fascia of antero-medial
thigh
6.1 fascia lata
6.2 saphenous opening
6.3 intermuscular septa
7. Describe the saphenous vein
7.1 Origin/Commencement
7.2 Termination
8. Describe the femoral sheath
9. Enumerate the compartments of the femoral sheath. Describe each and
name the contents
10. Describe the femoral triangle
10.1 boundaries
10.2 contents
11. Enumerate the muscles in the anterior and medial fascial
compartments of the thigh
12. Give the origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions of each muscle
13. Describe the femoral vessels
13.1 Origin/commencement
13.2 course in the thigh
13.3 branches
13.4 termination
14. Hip Joint
14.1. Describe the hip joint as to classification, articulating bones
and ligaments
14.2. Enumerate the movement possible at the hip joint
14.3. Name the muscles involved in each movements of the hip
joint

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 ASSIGNMENT NO. 7A
ANTERO-MEDIAL THIGH AND HIP JOINT
LABORATORY PROCEDURES

I. SURFACE ANATOMY
1.Palpate the following anatomical landmarks:
Pubic tubercle
Inguinal sulcus
Iliac crest
ASIS
2.Palpate for the pulsations of the femoral artery in the living humans

II. DISSECTION
1. Do an encircling incision around the knee and connect the anterior and posterior
with longitudinal incisions running proximally.

Reflect the flaps of skin from the thigh and study the superficial fascia.

Search and correlate the connections and distributions of the cutaneous nerves and
blood vessels.

Reflect the superficial fascia to expose the deep fascia. Try and preserve the
cutaneous nerves and blood vessels while doing so.

Correlate that the deep fascia is continuous with the deep fascia of the abdomen
and that its lateral aspect is thickened forming the ilio-tibial tract.

The deep fascia encases the muscles in sheaths. It also comprises the roof of the
femoral triangle.

Locate and identify the oval opening below the inguinal ligament which is roofed
by the cribiform fascia. It is perforated by several structures:
• The long saphenous vein and its tributaries arising from the groin.
• The superficial arteries of the groin as well as the lymphatics.

The deep fascia also forms intermuscular septa attached to the femur which
divides the thigh into the osteo-facscial compartments.

Clean and study the structures of the anterior compartment as well as give
boundaries and contents of the femoral triangle.

What are the components of quadriceps femoris muscle? Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus
medialis, Vastus intermedius

What is their common action? Extends lower leg

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 What are the other muscles composing the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Sartorius, Iliopsoas, Pectineus

Identify their common nerve supply Femoral nerve

What are the muscles composing the medial compartment of the thigh?

Gracilis, Adductor longus, Adductor magnus, Adductor brevis

Common action? Hip or Thigh Adduction

Common nerve supply? Obturator nerve.

Sartorius
Tensor Fascia
latae Adductor longus

Rectus femoris
Gracilis

Vastus Medialis

Vastus lateralis

2. Borrow specimens of the hip bone and femur. What are the articulating bones in the hip joint?

Ischium & Ilium, Pubis, Femur

Type of joint? Ball & Socket. Enumerate the important ligaments in this joint and give

their functions: Iliofemoral Ligament, Pubofemoral Ligament, Ischiofemoral Ligament

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Iliofemoral ligament
- also known as the Y ligament of Bigelow
- it limits extension, adduction and external rotation of the femur
Pubofemoral ligament
- it limits extension, abduction and external rotation of the femur

Ischofemoral ligament
- it limits extension, abduction and internal rotation of the femur

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 ASSIGNMENT NO. 7B
ANTERIOR AND LATERAL LEG
AND DORSUM OF FOOT / KNEE AND ANKLE JOINTS

At the end of the course the students must be able to:

1. Identify the superficial nerves and vessels in the superficial fascia of the
anterolateral leg and
dorsum of foot.

2. Identify the individual muscles of the anterolateral fascial compartments of

the leg and dorsum of foot.

3. Identify the course of the muscles from their origin to insertion.

4. Identify the innervation and blood supply of the muscles within their
respective compartments.

5. Identify and trace the nerves and blood vessels in the anterolateral leg and
dorsum of foot.

6. Discuss the relationships of the structures in the anterolateral leg and dorsum
of foot.

7. Identify the component bony structures forming the knee and ankle joint.

8. Identify the individual ligaments supporting the joints.

9. Name the movements involved with the joints and their limitations .

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 ASSIGNMENT NO. 7B
ANTERIOR AND LATERAL LEG
AND DORSUM OF FOOT/ KNEE AND ANKLE JOINTS
LABORATORY PROCEDURES

1.Go to your respective cadavers and dissect the leg region. Make an “I” incision from the
upper portion of the patella down to the dorsum of the foot. Reflect the skin
medially and laterally. Identify and label the different nerves and vessels in the
superficial fascia of the leg.

2. Carefully dissect off the fascia preserving the retinacula. Expose the muscles of the
anterior and lateral compartment.

Label the muscles of the antero lateral

compartment of the leg.

Gastrocnemius

Tibialis anterior

Extensor digitorum
longus

Soleus

Fibularis brevis

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3. Now, on the anterior compartment, carefully split the muscles of extensor digitorum longus and
extensor hallucis longus. Separate the muscles and label the nerves and vessels within.

Deep Peroneal
Nerve

Anterior Tibial
Artery

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 4. Go to the dorsum of the foot. Carefully dissect the skin off preserving the nerves and
vessels. Label these structures in the above picture.

Anterior Tibial Artery

Deep Peroneal
Nerve
Dorsal Pedis artery

Lateral branch of
Deep Peroneal
Artery

Medial branch of
Deep Peroneal
Artery

5. Go to the knee region. Carefully clean and expose the extracapsular ligaments. Draw and label these
structures. Make an incision on the quadriceps tendon above the patella. What are the bones
forming the knee joint? Reflect the patella downward. Identify the cruciate ligaments and the
menisci. Label the extracapsular and intracapsular structures of the knee joint.

Tibia

Femur

Patella

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 Anterior Cruciate Posterior Cruciate
Ligament Ligament

Fibula Collateral Tibial Collateral

Ligament Ligament

Lateral meniscus
Medial meniscus

Anterior Cruciate Patellar Ligament

Ligament

Lateral meniscus
Medial Meniscus

Fibular Collateral
Ligament

Tibial Collateral
Ligament
Posterior Cruciate
Ligament

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 6. Go to the ankle region. Label the tendons passing the ankle joint. What are the bones forming the
ankle joint. Label these.

Tibia

Talus

Calcaneus

Extensor hallucis
longus tendon

Peroneus longus tendon

Superior extensor
retinaculum

Achilles tendon

Peroneus brevis tendon

Extensor hallucis
longus tendon

Peroneus tertius tendon

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