COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 3.

COMPLETENESS OF REGISTRATION AND

NOTIFICATION
INTRODUCTION TO CHN
II. COMMUNITY
PUBLIC HEALTH
ATTENDED
 The science and art of preventing disease,
 Refers to the cases given medical care at any
prolong life and promoting health and efficiency
point in time during the course of the illness
thru organized community effort
which directly caused death. Medical care may
 To enable every citizen to realize his birthright to
either be provided directly by a medical doctor
health and longevity (Dr. Winslow)
or indirectly by allied health care providers, i.e.,
 The art of applying science in the context of nurses and midwives who are under direct
politics so as to reduce inequalities in health supervision of a medical doctor. Otherwise, case
while ensuring the best health for the greater is categorized as “death unattended”
number (WHO)
BIRTH ORDER
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING  Numerical order of a child in relation to all
 The practice of nursing in national and local previous pregnancies of mother
government health departments (w/c include BIRTH WEIGHT
health centers & rural health units) & public  First weight of the fetus or newborn obtained
schools after birth
 IT IS COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING CRUDE BIRTH RATE (CBR)
PRACTICED IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR
 Measure of one characteristics of the natural
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING growth or increase of a population
 Goal: RAISE LEVEL OF HEALTH OF THE CRUDE DEATH RATE
CITIZEN  Measure of one mortality from all causes which
 By helping COMMUNITIES & FAMILIES cope may result in a decrease of population
w/the discontinues in & threats to health & CRUDE OR GENRAL RATES
maximize their potential for high-level
 Referred to total living population. Must be
wellness
presumed that total population was exposed to
 Utilization of the nursing process in different the risk of the occurrence of the event
levels of clientele:
DEATH
 INDIVIDUALS
 Permanent disappearance of all evidence of life
 FAMILIES
at any time after live birth has taken place
 POPULATION GROUPS FETAL DEATH
 COMMUNITIES
 Death prior to complete expulsion or extraction
 CONCERNED WITH: of a product of conception from its mother;
 Promotion of health death is indicated by after separation fetus does
 Prevention of disease and disability not breathe or show any other evidence of life,
 rehabilitation such as heartbeat, pulsation of umbilical cord,
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN or definite movement of voluntary muscles
COMMUNITY: PATIENT FETAL DEATH RATE
FAMILY: UNIT OF CARE  Measures pregnancy wastage. Death of the
4 LEVELS OF CLINETELE: product of conception prior to its complete
1. INDIVIDUAL expulsion, irrespective of duration of pregnancy
2. FAMILY INICIDENCE RATE (IR)
3. POPULATION GROUP  Measures frequency of occurrence of the
4. COMMUNITY phenomenon during a given period of time.
INDIVIDUAL Deals only with new cases. INFANT
 sick or well MORTALITY/DEATH
 seek consultation *different settings  Death of an infant under 1 yr of age. INFANT
 “entry point” in the family MORTALITY RATE (IMR)
FAMILY  Measures risk of dying the 1st yr of life. It is a
 Small social system good index of the general health condition of a
 2 or more persons living together community since it reflects the changes in the
 *blood/marriage/adoption/arrangement environmental and medical conditions of a
community
 *over period of time
1. AGE LATE FETAL DEATH
2. DISEASE AND CAUSE OF DEATH  Death of fetus with 28 or more completed weeks
3. SEX of gestation
I. POPULATION GROUP LIVE BIRTH
1. SMALL FREQUENCIES  Complete expulsion or extraction from its
2. COMPUTATION OF STATISTICAL INDICIES mother of a product of conception, irrespective
of duration of the pregnancy, which after such
 separation, breathes or shows any other  Relationship is for a specific population class or
evidence of life group. It limits the occurrence of the event to
MATERNAL MORTALITY/DEATH that portion of the population definitely exposed
 Death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 to it
days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of TOTAL FERTILITY RATE (TFR)
the duration and site of pregnancy, from any  Number of children a woman would have by the
cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy time she reaches age 50 under a given fixed
or its management, but not from accidental or fertility schedule. Sometimes referred to as
incidental causes completed family size. Average number of births
MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE (MMR) per 100 females aged 15-49 years
 Measures risk of dying from causes related to USUAL RESIDENCE
pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium. It is an  Place where the person/deceased habitually or
index of the obstetrical care needed and permanently resides
received by the women in a community FORMULA OF VITAL HEALTH INDICATORS
NEONATAL DEATH
 Death among live births during the first 28
completed days of life
NEONATAL DEATH RATE (NDR)
 Measures the risk of dying during the 1st month
of life. May serve as index of effects of prenatal
care and obstetrical management on the
newborn
PLACE OF OCCURRENCE
 Refers to the place where vital event took place
PREVALENCE RATE (PR)
 Measures proportion of the population which
exhibits a particular disease at a particular
time. Can only be determined following a survey
of the population concerned. Deats with total
(old and new) number of cases
PROPORTIONALE MORTALITY (PM)
 Shows numerical relationships between deaths
from a cause, age, and total number of deaths
from all causes in all ages taken together. Not a
measure of risk of dying
RATE
 In vital statistics, it shows relationship between
a vital event and those persons exposed to the
occurrence of said event, within a given area
and during a specified unit of time. It is evident
that the persons experiencing the event
(numerator) must come from the total
population exposed to the risk of same event
(denominator)
RATIO
 Used to describe the relationship between 2
numerical quantities or measures of events
without taking particular considerations to the
time or place. Quantities not necessarily
represent same entities, although unit of
measure must be the same for both numerator
and denominator of the ratio
SPECIFIC DEATH RATE
 Describes more accurately the risk of exposure
of certain classes or groups to particular
diseases. To understand the forces of mortality,
rates should be made specific provided the data
are available for both population and event in
their specifications. Specific rate render more
comparable results and thus, reveal problems
of public health
SPECIFIC RATE

NATIONAL OBJECTIVES FOR HEALTH
 Serves as the medium-term roadmap of the
Philippines towards achieving universal
healthcare
 Specifies objectives, strategies, and targets of
DOH FOURmula One Plus for Health built
along the health system pillars of FINANCING,
SERVICE DELIVERY, REGULATION,
GOVERNANCE, PERFORMANCE
ACCOUNTABILITY
THREE STRTEGIC GOALS OF F1 PLUS FOR
HEALTH
1. BETTER HEALTH OUTCOMES
2. MORE RESPONSIVE HEALTH SYSTEM
3. MORE EQUITABLE HEALTHCARE FINANCING
BETTER HEALTH OUTCOMES
- Health sector will sustain gains and address new
challenges in:
- MATERNAL NEWBORN & CHILD HEALTH
- NUTRITION
- COMMUNICABLE DISEASE ELIMINATION
- NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
PREVENTION & TREATMENT
- Improvements in health outcomes will be measured
through sentinel indicators
 LIFE EXPECTANCY
 MATERNAL & INFANT MORTALITIES
 NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
MORTALITIES
 TUBERCULOSIS INCIDENCE
 STUNTING AMONG UNDER 5 YR OLDS
MORE RESPONSIVE HEALTH SYSTEM
 Quality of health goods and services as well as
the manner in which they are delivered to the
population will be improved to ensure people-
centered healthcare provision
 Done thru instruments that routinely monitor
and evaluate client feedback on health goods
used and services received
MORE EQUITABLE HEALTHCARE FINANCING
 Access of Filipinos (poor and undeserved) to
affordable and quality health goods and services
will be expanded thru mechanisms that provide
them with adequate financial risk protection
from the high and unpredictable cost of
healthcare
 reduce catastrophic OOP payments such as thru
public subsidies targeted towards the poor
PILLARS OF F1
FINANCING
SUSTAINABLE INVESTEMENTS FOR EQUTABLE
HEALTHCARE
General objective #1
 sustainable investments for health secured,
efficiently used, and equitable allocated for
improved health outcomes
Specific Targets:
 more resources for health efficiently mobilized
and equitably distributed
 health spending rationalized
 financial resources focused towards high impact
intervention
SERVICE DELIVERY
WIDER ACCESS TO ESSENTIAL HEALTHCARE
General objective #2
 access to essential quality health products and
services ensured to appropriate levels of care
Specific Targets:
 access to quality essential health products and
services increased
 equitable access to quality health facilities
ensured
 equitable distribution of Human Resources for
Health (HRH) guaranteed
 service delivery networks organized and engaged
REGULATION
SAFE, QUALITY, AND AFFORDABLE HEALTHCARE
General objective #3
 high quality and affordable health products,
devices, facilities, & services ensured
Specific Targets:
 regulatory systems and processes harmonized
and streamlined
 innovative regulatory mechanisms developed for
equitable distribution of quality and affordable
health goods and services
GOVERNANCE
FUNCTIONAL AND PEOPLE-CENTERED HEALTH
SYSTEM
General objective #4
 strengthened leadership and management
capacities, coordination, and support
 mechanisms necessary to ensure functional,
people centered and participatory health
systems
Specific Targets:
 strengthened sectoral leadership and
management
 improved processes for procurement and supply
chain management that ensure the availability
and quality of health commodities
 ensured generation and use of evidence in
health policy development, decision-making, &
program planning and implementation
PERFORMANCE ACCOUNTABILITY
TRANSPARENT AND RESPONSIVE HEALTH SECTOR
General objective #5
 better health attained thru transparent,
responsive, & responsible health sector
management
Specific Targets:
 transparency and accountability measures at all
levels institutionalized
 outcome-based management approach used