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Livedexperiences 2
Livedexperiences 2
BARANGAY PANGDAN”
A Research Study
Presented to
Don Emilio Canonigo Senior High School
Pangdan, City of Naga, Cebu 6037, Philippines
ALIGANGA, VICENTE R.
GALIWAN MARJUN C.
CUYOS ANGELICA
DELANTAR JEA A.
AFABLE RINEL A.
SAYABOC JELLIE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, we praise, glory, and thank our Almighty Father for His constant blessings,
unwavering strength, and profound knowledge. His guidance was crucial to our
endeavor fills us with gratitude. Again, we thank Him for His divine presence and
unwavering help.
The researchers would like to thank Mrs. April May Abrasado Dupal.Ag for the
leniency and the patience in handling the researchers when it comes to seeking
for an assistance
We are grateful to all respondents who answered our questionnaire. You made
this study possible. Your dedication made our research possible. Your support
We are grateful to our parents and family, whose unwavering support has
sustained us throughout our research. Their financial support, moral support, and
unwavering faith in our abilities inspired us to finish this research. Their support
and encouragement have helped us overcome obstacles and reach our goals.
We are grateful for our loving and supportive parents and family. Their
We thank all our classmates and study participants for their unwavering support,
no matter how small. Your presence helped complete and succeed this project.
We are grateful to those who brought us joy during the hardest parts of this
Many thanks!
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DEDICATION
Who have also assisted and encouraged us along our research journey. We
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
TITLE PAGE . . . . . . . . . 1
ACKNOWLEDGMENT . . . . . . . 2
DEDICATION . . . . . . . . 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . 4
CHAPTER
Rationale . . . . . . 7
Definition Of Terms . . . . . 11
Related Literature . . . . . 12
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY . . . . 15
Design . . . . . . 15
Environment . . . . . . 16
Informant . . . . . . 17
Sampling Design . . . . . 17
Data Analysis . . . . . 18
Data Flow . . . . . . 19
Ethical Considerations . . . . 21
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE
the population, specifically 25.0% of men and 5.4% of women, continue to smoke
daily.
incidence has decreased steadily since 1990, with a consistent rate of decline.
The mean daily cigarette consumption has risen from 18.5 in 1980 to 21.4 in
2012, which is a cause for concern. Ng et al. found that this number exceeds the
corresponding values in over 50% of the 187 countries studied. The "hardening
The Sin Tax Reform Act of 2012 resulted in a substantial rise in cigarette
reforms. The mean cost per cigarette stick was approximately PhP 2.46 or 5 US
cents by 2015. This represents 1.5% of the mean daily per capita income in the
Philippines in 2015, which was PhP 166.25 (approximately USD 3.3). The
authors calculated the amount using the 2015 average household income and
assuming an average household size of 4.4. Tax increases have been identified
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact that smoking has on
the lives of cigarette smokers who live in Pangdan, which is located in the city of
Naga on the island of Cebu, and to explore the lived experiences of those
Naga, Cebu, the researchers hope to increase awareness among people who do
The researchers seek to give emphasis to the experiences from the students
who smoke and how their lives are affected by smoking. Smoking is considered a
vice and an addiction that can’t be easily controlled to be stopped once the
smoker decides to. This study aims to describe 10 students who are smokers as
to their lived experiences in smoking. This study aims to raise awareness on the
This study is made with the aim to provide essential information and
knowledge regarding the chosen topic from the respondents, recent studies or
theses, and related sites needed for the expected importance to the individuals
as follow:
Student Smokers
The students who smokes could benefit from this study. It is because it could
help them to be more wry of the possible harm that smoking could cause to their
body and they will be able to learn and develop a habit of stopping this addiction.
Parents
The parents are essential in this study for this study focuses on the lived
experiences of the students who smokes from the Pangdan, City of Naga, Cebu.
The parents could be more aware and be vigilant about the behavior of their
Teachers
The educator will benefit by sharing their knowledge with their department,
influence the upcoming cohort of leaders via their instructional materials. Class
instructors should act as role models and inspire students. Hence, students will
Future Researchers.
The researcher will benefit from this study because it will enable them to acquire
smokers and learn a great deal about the study that was carried out. The
researchers will not only gain knowledge but also a factor that may assist them in
open-minded about what they will understand from it. It will broaden their
horizons and offer you a better comprehension of the research study. We may
also advocate for our department’s students, encouraging them to study harder
in order to ensure that they have a brighter future ahead of them. Finally, this
research will remind us that studying is vital not only for learning school
teachings, but also for showing our gratitude to those who send us to school and
assist us financially.
Students.
The findings of this study will help contribute to the broader understanding of
students about the topic. It will help them realize how difficult it is to be indulge in
smoking as it will bring danger in the future. The study will rather encourage
them on the consequences of committing the said addiction. They may have
gained knowledge and apply or share it to others. This can considerably assist
Youth.
equipping them with information and enlightening their minds about these
their academic achievement before they encounter a situation that they are
unable to handle. They may have obtained knowledge that they can apply or
which can reduce the community’s crime rates. Additionally, youth participation in
DEFINITION OF TERMS
someone you know who is a heavy smoker could be unaware of the extremity of
Cigarette Smoking- Daily smokers were defined as those who smoked at least
one cigarette per day for at least one month before completing the questionnaire;
occasional smokers were defined as those who did not smoke daily; former
smokers (ex-smokers) were defined as those who previously had a daily smoking
especially when these give the person a knowledge or understanding that people who
Tobacco Smoking - Smoke that comes from the burning of a tobacco product and
CHAPTER 2
The majority of the victims are adolescents and young adults. Vulnerable
demographics for cigarette and EC use Wamamili et al., 2020; Hammond et al.,
and the school can explain the situation to some extent High school and
university smoking and vaping habits Lindström and Rosvall (2018); Wamamili et
al. 2020). Surprisingly, nursing students all over the world have been discovered
to have used cigarettes and EC, and Based on the data, smoking has a 40%
prevalence and vaping has a 12% prevalence. on the basis of recent multicenter
Health, Aldana (2017) conducted a study. (20170 As part of the Global Burden of
1997, it was predicted that mortality and morbidity from tobacco use would more
than triple globally in the next 20 to 25 years. Similar predictions have been
made by the Oxford University Center led by Sir Richard Doll, who was one of
the first researchers to link cigarette smoking with lung cancer in the 1950s.
elevates the risk of developing coronary artery disease, renal failure, cancer, and
such as stillbirths, impaired fetal growth, pediatric cancers, sudden infant death
Few studies have been conducted in the Philippines to describe smoking. Among
high school students, as well as prevalence and EC use This population is vastly
understudied (Palmes). Lubos et al. 2014; Zagada et al. 2015; et al. 2021). This
is concerning, given the prevalence of cigarette and EC use among senior high
school students may endanger their health as well as their careers. critical roles
Duaso et al., 2017; Rezk-Hanna et al., 2018; WHO, 2014). The smoking habits
research, the risk factors for nursing students' Cigarette smoking and possibly
EC use are not unique to them population. For example, they frequently smoke
to relieve stress.
Vol. of the Philippine Journal of Science, No. No. 151, February 2022 Resano et
al. Stress, Electronic Cigarette and Nursing Students perceived stress, which
17.8%, and 17.4% (Taheri et al., 1970). According to Bommelé et al. (2020),
problem in Asia. The prevalence of smoking in Iran varies across cities and
prevalence of 10.8% for the entire population, 20.4% for men, and 1% for
women.
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required to examine the cognitive processes that occur before and during
It has been hypothesized that the year 2022 will usher in a number of
notable shifts, as stated in a research article titled "The Year 2022 Will Usher in a
Number of Distinct Shifts," which was written by Thompson, Polossa, and Sin
and published in the journal In Practice in 2022. This article suggests that the
year 2022 will bring about these changes. Tobacco use has been found to be a
adult asthma sufferers across the world. It has been observed that a sizeable
the habit of smoking. According to the findings of some studies, the use of
tobacco may be to blame for a sizeable portion of adult asthma cases around the
world. This statistic applies to people in all age categories equally. People who
have asthma and also smoke are sometimes referred to as having a "asthma-
smoking phenotype(s)."
appropriate treatment, pinpointing the root cause of the condition, and gaining an
adult asthma patients' participation in research studies and clinical trials, it has
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been difficult for us to make any headway in our understanding of the impact that
smoking has on these patients. In order to gain insight into the smoking habits of
people living in Pangdan, which is situated in the City of Naga on the island of
investigation, as was the potential impact smoking may have on the individuals'
health. In order to gain insight into the factors that may contribute to smoking
the lifestyle factors that are prevalent among people who smoke in Pangdan.
lifestyle factors that people who smoke in Pangdan have, with the goal of gaining
a better understanding of the reasons behind their smoking behavior and how it
the municipality of Naga, which is found within the province of Cebu on the island
CHAPTER 3
RESEACRH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the planning part of this research study. This
Research Design
individual interviews. The focus of these interviews will be the students from
Pangdan, City of Naga, Cebu and their personal experiences. The researchers
purposive sampling has been chosen to gather sufficient information for the
study, as it aligns with the requirements of the project. The process of candidate
selection comprises several stages, among which the interview holds significant
importance.
Environment
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The research will be carried out in the City of Naga, which is located in the
province of Cebu; the interviews and observations may be limited to the locals of
the Pangdan neighborhood in the City of Naga, Cebu. In addition to this, the
researchers will make use of the data gathered from the experiences that
smokers have had in their lives. The researchers have observed that there are
quite a lot of students from the Pangdan, City of Naga, Cebu have been smoking
and the researchers wanted to give essential, reliable and validated information
Informant
Ten (10) students from the Don Emilio Canonigo Senior High School in Pangdan,
situated in the city of Naga, Cebu, have expressed their interest in participating in
Sampling Design
a set of criteria will be utilize in selecting the participants of the study. Must be a
Senior High School Student from the Don Emilio Canonigo Senior High School
part of this study. The interview questions were developed by the researchers
individually and with relevant questions that were derived from related study. It is
and providing feedback. The other choice is to display the data accumulated with
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website. The researchers will transcript the respondent’s response that will be
Data Analysis
To analyze the data the researcher will make use of the Colaizzi
analysis, with each step staying close to the data. The end result is a concise yet
participants that created it. The method depends upon rich first-person accounts
of experience; these may come from face-to-face interviews, but can also be
obtained in multiple other ways; written narratives, blogs, research diaries, online
The stages are illustrated in the table below. The following are the steps of the
Colaizzi’s Method
investigation.
themes that are common across all accounts. Again bracketing of pre-
theory.
at step 4.
exhaustive description down to a short, dense statement that captures just those
she may go back and modify earlier steps in the analysis in the light of this
feedback
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Ethical Consideration
approval has been obtained. It is important that approval has been gained before
research ethics committees cannot grant approval for research after the data
Trustworthiness
future research to utilize and inform the public policy and to use this as a guide
Dependability
Although the data gathered was purely based on the researcher's respondent's
researchers. It is important for the researchers to make it beneficial to the students who
Comfortability
important not to press respondents to answer questions they do not want to answer. The
researchers should respect the respondents' right to choose and should not be forced to
do anything.
25
REFERENCES
ABS: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander social survey 2008. 2009,
4722.0.55.004)
Mayhew KP, Flay BR, Mott JA: Stages in the development of adolescent
cigarette smoking and other suspected influences. Am J Public Health. 1996, 86:
214-220. 10.2105/AJPH.86.2.214.
Vos T, Barker B, Stanley L, Lopez AD: The burden of disease and injury in
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples 2003. 2007, Brisbane: School of
10.1196/annals.1308.023.
26
10.1093/aje/kwp179
daily smoking in late adolescence and young adulthood. J Drug Educ. 2010, 40:
125-141. 10.2190/DE.40.2.b.
Taheri, E., Ghorbani, A., Salehi, M., & Sadeghnia, H. R. (1970). Cigarette
Smoking Behavior and the Related Factors Among the Students of Mashhad