7.

RECIPROCATING PUMP

AIM:

To conduct a test on Reciprocating Pump and to draw pump characteristic curves

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

Stop Watch and Meter scale.

FORMULAE:

H = Hs + Hd + Hc
Q = LBY/ t1
IP = (3600 x n) / (Ec x t2) kW
OP = WQH / 1000 kW
η = OP / IP x 100
H = Total head in m
Hs = Suction head in m
Hd = Delivery head in m
Hc = correction head in m
Q = Discharge in m3/sec
L = Length of the collecting tank in m
B = Breath of the colleting tank in m
Y= Rise of water in collecting tank (0.1 m)
t1 = Time taken for 10 cm rise in seconds
IP = Input Power in kW
N = Number of revolutions (Generally 5)
Ec = Energy meter constant (rev/kWh)
t2= Time taken for 5 revolutions in energy meter in seconds
OP= Output power in kW
W = Specific weight of water = 9.81x 103 N/m3
 Model Calculation for Reciprocating Pump

1. Suction head ( Hs) = [(Ps/1000) x 13600 x 9.81]/[1000 x 9.81] = 2.448 m (Ps = 180 mm of Hg)
2. Delivery pressure ( Pd) = 1.0 kg/cm2
3. Delivery head ( Hd) = (Pd x 104 x 9.81)/9810 m
= (1.0 x 104 x 9.81)/9810 = 10 m
4. Hc = 15 cm = 0.15 m
5. Total head H = Hs + Hd + Hc = 12.598 m
6. Discharge Q = LBY/t1 = 0.3 x 0.3 x 0.1 /20 = 4.5 x 10-4 m3/sec
7. Output power OP = WQH / 1000 = 9810 x 4.5 x 10-4 x 12.598/1000 = 0.0556 kW
8. Input power IP = (3600 x n)/(Ec x t2) = (3600 x 5)/(600 x 72) = 0.4166 kW
9. Efficiency η = OP/IP x 100 = 0.0556/0.4166 x 100 = 13.34 %.
Procedure:
1. Note the system details,
(a) Details of the pump.
(b) Size of the collecting tank.
(c) Energy meter constant.
(d) Distance between pressure gauge tapings (Hc)
2. Keep the delivery valve fully opened.
3. Switch on the motor.
4. Observe the following.
(a) Suction pressure.
(b) Delivery pressure.
(c) Time taken for 10 cm rise in collecting tank t1in section.
. (d) Time taken for 5 revolutions of energy meter reading t2 in sections
5. Repeat the experiment for different settings of the delivery valve.
6. Observations are entered in a well-prepared tabular statement and computations are
made as explained under model calculation
7. Plot graphs between Q (X axis) and H, IP, η (Y axis).

RESULT :
A test was conducted on Reciprocating pump and characteristics curves were drawn
Maximum Efficiency = ----------------- %
Corresponding Input power = ----------------- kW.
Corresponding Total Head = ------------------- m.
Corresponding Discharge = ------------------ m3/sec
 OBSERVATION TABLE FOR RECIPROCATING PUMP

Time For
Sl..No Time for Total
Suction Delivery 5rev .of Suction Delivery Input Output
10cm. Head Discharge Efficiency
Pressure Pressure Energy Head Head Power Power
Rise
Meter

Pd
Ps t1 t2 Hs Hd H Q IP OP η

mm. of Hg kg/cm2 sec sec m m m m3/sec kW kW %

1
2

CORRECTION HEAD = 15 cm
ENERGY METER CONSTANT = 600 rev/kWh.
LENGTH OF COLLECTING TANK = 30cm.
BREADTH OF COLLECTING TANK = 30 cm
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