Acknowledgement

I would like to convey my heartfelt

gratitude to Mrs. Meera Purohit for
her tremendous support and
assistance in the completion of my
project and for providing me with
this wonderful opportunity to work
on a project with the topic
Democratic Resurgence in India:
Role of Jayaprakash Narayan,
Ram Manohar Lohia, Deendayal
Upadhyay. The completion of the
project would not have been possible
without her help and insights.

Parth Sharma
Certificate
This is to certify that the project is
titled Democratic Resurgence in
India: Role of Jayaprakash
Narayan, Ram Manohar Lohia,
Deendayal Upadhyay. This project
is submitted by Parth Sharma of St.
Kabeer Academy. This project was
an authentic work done under the
supervision and guidance of Mrs.
Meera Purohit.

Parth Mrs. Meera

Sharma Purohit
 Index
Introduction 1
Indira Gandhi: Rise and Fallacy 3
Conflict with Judiciary 5
Political Unrest 6
Raj Narain Verdict
7
Preventive Detention Laws 8
J.P. Narayan 9
Total Revolution 10
Ram Manohar Lohia 13
Political Career 13
Democratic Socialsim 15
Deendayal Upadhyay 16
Career 17
Integral Humanism 18
The Emergency 20
Administration 21
Arrests 21
Laws 22
Worker’s Rights 23
Pro-Democracy Movements 24
Democracy Bachao Morcha 24
RSS 25
CPI(M) 26
1977 Elections 26

Conclusion 29
Glossary 30
Bibliography 31
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26
Glossary
AITUC (All India Trade Union Congress): the oldest trade union federation in India. It is associated with the Communist
Party of India.

Akali Dal: a political party in India led by former Speaker of Punjab Vidhan Sabha, Ravi Inder Singh.

Article 352: an article which states the National Emergency and was declared by the President of India when he feels the
danger of armed rebellion, war or external aggression to the country which will affect the peace and stability of India.

Article 356: Article 356 gives wide powers to the Union government to assert its authority over a state if civil unrest occurs
and the state government does not have the means to end it.

Baroda Dynamite case: the term used for the criminal case launched by the Indira Gandhi government in India during the
Emergency against the opposition leader George Fernandes and 24 others. The CBI charged George and others of smuggling
dynamite to blow up government establishments and railway tracks in protest against state of emergency.

CFD (Congress for Democracy): an Indian political party founded in 1977 by Jagjivan Ram. It was formed after Jagjivan
Ram, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna, and Nandini Satpathy left the Indian National Congress of Indira Gandhi and denounced
her rule during the Indian Emergency.

Damdami Taksal: an orthodox Sikh cultural and educational organization, based in India.

Defence of India rules: a set of emergency war-time legislations for preventive detention enacted in October 1962 India
during the Sino-Indian War of 1962.

DMK (Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam): an Indian political party based in the state of Tamil Nadu, where it is currently the
ruling party, and the union territory of Puducherry, where it is currently the main opposition.

Jamaat-e-Islami: an Islamic movement founded in 1941 in British India by the Islamic author, theorist, and socio-political
philosopher, Syed Abul Ala Maududi.

Kesavananda Bharati case: a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of India that outlined the basic structure doctrine of
the Indian Constitution. The court in a 7-6 decision asserted its right to strike down amendments to the constitution that were
in violation of the fundamental architecture of the constitution.

Magsaysay Award: an annual award established to perpetuate former Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay's example of
integrity in governance, courageous service to the people, and pragmatic idealism within a democratic society.

Maintenance of Internal Security Act: a controversial law passed by the Indian parliament in 1971 giving the administration
of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and Indian law enforcement agencies very broad powers – indefinite preventive detention of
individuals, search and seizure of property without warrants, and wiretapping – in the quelling of civil and political disorder
in India, as well as countering foreign-inspired sabotage, terrorism, subterfuge and threats to national security.

Privy Purse: a payment made to the ruling families of erstwhile princely states as part of their agreements to first integrate
with India in 1947 after the independence of India, and later to merge their states in 1949, thereby ending their ruling rights.
The 42nd Amendment: enacted in 1976, reorganizing the Seventh Amendment to ensure that the subjects of the State list such
as education, forestry, wildlife and bird protection, the administration of justice, and weights and measures were transferred
to the Concurrent List.

The Rajan case: refers to the death of P. Rajan, a student of the Regional Engineering College, Calicut, as a result of torture
in local police custody in Kerala during the nationwide Emergency in India in 1976, and the legal battle that followed, which
revealed facts of the incident

Conclusion
The project summarizes the major
events and factors contributing to the
democratic resurgence in India and
concludes the aftermath of the same.
This project gave me valuable
knowledge about the different
historical phases concerning
democratic resurgence in India and
gave me a better understanding of
the Emergency of late 70s. Efforts
have been made to make the project
as concise as possible. References
for core data have been taken from
the Internet and suitable books.

Bibliography
 Political Science by Avnindra Kumar Verma

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Emergency_(India)
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayaprakash_Narayan
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Manohar_Lohia
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deendayal_Upadhyaya