MAR Pediatrics (2023) 4:3

Short Communication

Features of Enzyme Activity in Hypoxic Conditions in Children of Early Age

Rassokhina E. A 1, Sidakova L. A. *1

1. NAO "Medical University of Karaganda" Department of Children's Diseases №2.

*
Correspondence to: Sidakova L. A, NAO "Medical University of Karaganda" Department of
Children's Diseases №2.

Copyright

© 2023 Sidakova L. A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original
work is properly cited.

Received: 21 June 2023

Published: 01 July 2023

Sidakova L. A (2023). Features of Enzyme Activity in Hypoxic Conditions in Children of Early Age.
MAR Pediatrics,04 (03).
Sidakova L. A, MAR Pediatrics (2023) 4:3 Page 2 of 7

Introduction

One of the leading links in the pathogenesis of hypoxic conditions in newborns is oxygen starvation of the
newborn organism, as a result of which there is a violation of metabolic processes in the cell at the level of
lysosomes, which, apparently, causes the activation of enzymes in the early stages of the disease. For the
early diagnosis of hypoxic conditions in newborns, in recent years, cytochemical methods have been widely
used in practice, which are highly sensitive and make it possible to detect a violation of cell metabolism at
an early stage of the pathological process, and in some cases can serve as a control of the effectiveness of
therapy and prognosis of the disease.

Purpose of the Study

To study the dynamics of changes in the activity of peripheral blood enzymes in encephalopathy and
asphyxia in young children.

Materials and Methods

A study was made of the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase, plasma lysozyme and leukocytes in 108
newborns with encephalopathy: 37 children had a mild, 47 moderate and 24 children had a severe form of
the disease; in 103 children with asphyxia: 65 children with mild and 38 newborns with severe degree. The
control group consisted of 20 healthy newborns born from healthy women with a physiological course of
pregnancy and childbirth. In parallel, all children underwent peripheral blood analysis, clinical examination
and observation. Examination of newborns was carried out in maternity hospitals, the Regional Perinatal
Center and polyclinics in Karaganda on days 1-2, 3-4, 5-7, then on 2-3, 4-5, 6-8 weeks of life. The activity
of alkaline and acid phosphatases (ALP, AP) was determined according to Gomory in the modification of
Leonard et al. Sh. Zabirov.

Research Results
In healthy children of the neonatal period, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was 203.0 ± 5.3 - 157.2 ± 5.8
units; the activity of acid phosphatase was 52.2 ± 4.0 - 51.5 ± 3.0 units; LP: 5.6±0.19-4.0±0.2 µg/ml and

Sidakova L. A (2023). Features of Enzyme Activity in Hypoxic Conditions in Children of Early Age.
MAR Pediatrics, 04 (03).
Sidakova L. A, MAR Pediatrics (2023) 4:3 Page 3 of 7
LL: 2.36±0.15-1.76±0.17 µg. 10 6 cl. The highest activity of hydrolases, lysozyme in plasma and its low
content in leukocytes were found in healthy children in the first week of life. By the end of 6-8 weeks of
life, a decrease in the studied parameters was noted, while LL activity, on the contrary, was somewhat
higher than in the first week of life.

Dynamic determination of the activity of enzymes in asphyxia, encephalopathy made it possible to detect
the unidirectional changes in the determined enzymes. A significant increase in the activity of alkaline
phosphatase, CP and a decrease in the level of LP and LL were revealed in mild encephalopathy and
asphyxia during the first two weeks of life. In moderate, severe forms of encephalopathy and severe
asphyxia, even by the end of the study (6-8 weeks of life), normalization of the level of the studied enzymes
was not observed. In newborns with encephalopathy on the first day of life, ALP activity ranged from 243.6
u±6.6 u in mild form to 290.1±7.9 u in severe form of the disease. Accordingly, CF: 98.4±4.8 units -
132.7±6.5 units; LP: 4.5±0.17 - 2.8±0.2 µg/ml; LL: 1.6 ± 0.21 - 1.3 ± 0.2 μg 10 6 cells. In asphyxia, the
level of these enzymes was determined within the following limits - ALP: 264.1 ± 5.1-286.9 ± 6.2 units;
CF: 109.8±3.7 - 123.8±5.9 units; LP: 4.3±0.13 - 3.2±0.23 µg/ml; LL: 1.5±0.18 - 1.4±0.23 mcg 10 6 cells.

In the following days and weeks, the enzyme activity tended to decrease slowly. A direct correlation was
found between the severity of the clinical picture of the disease and the degree of activity of the enzymes
being determined. The positive dynamics of the restoration of the studied enzymes may indicate the
normalization of metabolic processes in the cells of the child's body.

Conclusion
Determination of the activity of hydrolases and lysozyme in hypoxic brain damage in newborns, along with
the clinical picture, is an informative diagnostic test that determines the severity and severity of the
pathological process, indicates the need for targeted therapy to restore metabolic processes in the child's
body.

Sidakova L. A (2023). Features of Enzyme Activity in Hypoxic Conditions in Children of Early Age.
MAR Pediatrics, 04 (03).