Q1.

The table shows the amounts of carbohydrate, fat and protein in 100 g portions of five
foods,
A - E.

MASS IN 100 g PORTION (g)

FOOD CARBOHYDRATE FAT PROTEIN

A 0 1 20

B 50 2 8

C 0 82 0

D 12 0 1

E 20 0 2

(a) A person eats 50 g of food E.

How much carbohydrate would the person eat?

________ g
(1)

(b) Describe, in as much detail as you can, what happens to the protein after food A is
swallowed.

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(4)
(Total 5 marks)

Q2.
The digestive system breaks down food into small molecules.

The small molecules can be absorbed into the blood.

The diagram below shows the human digestive system.

(a) (i) Which letter, A, B, C, D, E or F, shows each of the following organs?

Write one letter in each

box.

large intestine

small intestine

stomach

(3)

(ii) Different organs in the digestive system have different functions.

Draw one line from each function to the organ with that function.
 (3)

(b) Glucose is absorbed into the blood in the small intestine.

Most of the glucose is absorbed by diffusion.

How does the glucose concentration in the blood compare to the glucose
concentration in the small intestine?

Tick (✔) one box.

The concentration in the blood is higher.

The concentration in the blood is lower.

The concentration in the blood is the

same.
(1)
(Total 7 marks)

Q3.
The diagram below shows the parts of the body that digest and absorb food.

It also shows some details about the structure of the stomach.

(a) Complete the table to show whether each structure is an organ, an organ system or
a tissue.

For each structure, tick ( ) one box.

Organ
Structure Organ Tissue
system

Stomach

Cells lining the stomach

Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver,

pancreas, small and large intestine
(2)

(b) (i) The blood going to the stomach has a high concentration of oxygen.
The cells lining the stomach have a low concentration of oxygen.

Complete the following sentence.

Oxygen moves from the blood to the cells lining the stomach by

the process of ___________________________________ .

(1)

(ii) What other substance must move from the blood to the cells lining the
stomach so that respiration can take place?

Draw a ring around the correct answer.

glucose protein starch

(1)
 (iii) In which part of a cell does aerobic respiration take place?

Draw a ring around the correct answer.

cell membrane mitochondria nucleus

(1)
(Total 5 marks)

Q4.
(a) A food contains protein. Describe, in as much detail as you can, what happens to
this protein after the food is swallowed.

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(4)

(b) The table shows the activity of lipase on fat in three different conditions.

CONDITION UNITS OF LIPASE

ACTIVITY PER MINUTE
Lipase + acid solution 3.3
Lipase + weak alkaline solution 15.3
Lipase + bile 14.5

Explain, as fully as you can, the results shown in the table.

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(3)
(Total 7 marks)

Q5.
 Describe the roles of the liver and the pancreas in the digestion of fats.

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(Total 5 marks)

Q6.
The diagram shows the human digestive system.

(a) Heartburn is a burning feeling caused when acid enters the oesophagus. The acid
comes from the stomach.

Which letter on the diagram shows the stomach?

(i)

(1)

(ii) Name the acid the stomach produces.

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(1)
 (iii) Medicines taken to treat heartburn contain chemicals that neutralise excess
stomach acid.

What type of chemical will neutralise stomach acid?

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(1)

(b) Use words from the box and your own knowledge to describe how carbohydrates
are digested.

amylase starch sugars

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(5)

(c) Where in the body are the products of digestion absorbed?

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(1)
(Total 9 marks)
Q7

Australia has added fluoride to much of its drinking water since 1953. Other countries, such as Chile, do not
add fluoride to their drinking water.

(a) Outline the arguments for and against the addition of fluoride to public drinking water.

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[3]

Studies of the relationship between sugar consumption, tooth decay and fluoridation of drinking water have
been carried out. Data was collected on tooth decay in 12 year-old children in Australia and Chile.

Fig. 5.1 shows changes in sugar consumption in Australia and Chile between 1970 and 2006.

Fig. 5.2 shows changes in tooth decay in the same countries over a similar time period.

(b) Describe the changes in sugar consumption and tooth decay in Australia and Chile between 1970 and 2006.

sugar consumption

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tooth decay

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[4]
(c) The peaks for sugar consumption and tooth decay in 12 year-old children in Chile occurred at about the
same time. It has been suggested that an increase in sugar consumption in children caused an increase in
tooth decay.

Explain how an increase in sugar consumption may cause tooth decay.

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[4]