Answer to the Question 4

> From the words of Mencius, he believed that humans are, by default, good in nature and have a

natural tendency toward goodness. To Mencius, the idea of moral virtue is intrinsic as well as

deeply ingrained within us and entirely based on our emotional feelings. For instance, A man

would save a child from a vehicular accident out of instinct, hence his good actions came out

naturally. However, from Xunzi’s perspective, he stated that the very nature of human beings is

malicious, egocentric and antagonistic to the eyes of society, causing harm and conflicts

everywhere. Moreover, in order to survive, one needs to be selfish and have self-concern for

oneself as well as show dislike towards those who are succeeding in life.

Considering the moral cultivations, Mencius compares our moral virtues with archers’

adjustments where they miss once and fire again; meaning that we too can make adjustments in a

particular environment and act virtuously knowing what is right and wrong. On the other hand,

Xunzi’s ideology of moral ideology is the complete opposite of Mencius’ as he believed it is

genuine not to be ethical since virtue to him is not innate and the instinctive good within us is

entirely manufactured.

DONE BY

Rafid Abrar Ahmed

ID: 22115002
Sec: S05