TOPIC OF PRESENTATION

DEVIANCE AND
CRIME
 PRESENTED BY

SYEDA FATIMA HASSAN 32262

HAFSA SAADAT 32209
KINZA AHEMED 32140
SHAHBAZ ALI 32060
AMINA TAHIR 35544
M.UMER BHATTI 33491
M.HAIDER ALI 33235
 DEVIANCE
Deviance describes an action or behaviour that violates
social norms. Hence, it is not the act itself, but the
reactions to the act, that makes something deviant. For
instance, robbery, driving faster than speed limits,
murder
DEVIANTS: are those people who violate the
norms and rules of society. People usually react
negatively.
Different groups are likely to have different
norms therefore what is deviant to some is not
deviant to others. Therefore, it varies from
culture to culture and groups within same
culture. For example, look at somebody who is
called by one group as a terrorist and by
another as a freedom fighter.
Text messaging while driving is legal
in forty-one states but against the
law in six others (three other states
forbid the practice for young
▪
drivers). An act, which is deviance
at one time may not be considered
so at another time. Standards for
deviance change based on a number
of factors:
1. Location
2. Age
3. Social Status
 CRIME
Any act that is labeled as such by those in authority is
prohibited by law and is punishable by the government

Example of crime Four Violent Crimes Types of crime O= (Index Crimes)

Murder Burglary
Rape Larceny
Battery Motor vehicle theft
Robbery Arson
 CRIME
Types of crime
victimless crime
crimes that do not directly and specifically harm
another party. Some examples of crimes that do not
affect anyone outside of the person committing the
crime are public drinking, trespassing, drug use and
traffic violations
who to blame for minority juvenile crime
Each group needs to provide 3 specific points to support
your view
Minority Community
Mainstream Society and the Media
Individuals committing the crimes
Parent
The Justice System: What’s the best way to continue to
deter criminal activity within the justice system?
Revise the law
Reform the police
Reform the courts
Reform the prisons
DIFFERENCE B/W
DEVIENCE AND CRIME
BASIS FOR COMPARISON DEVIANCE CRIME
MEANING Deviance is when there Crime implies any illegal
is a non-conformity act or omission, which
concerning the well amounts to the violation
established social and of the law, often
cultural norms and prosecuted by the state
principles. and punishable by law.

Documentation Not written or Well- documented

documented
Severity Not severe Severe

Results in Negative social reactions Punishment

Norms differ from one Law is the same in different

Change
societies. However, the
culture to another.
penalty differs with respect to
crime.
DIFFERENCE B/W DEVIENCE
AND CRIME

Adult content consumption, drug use,

excessive drinking, illegal hunting, eating
disorders, or any self-harming or An act can be deviant but not criminal i.e.
addictive practice are all examples of breaking social, but not legal, rules. Examples,
deviant behaviors. Many of them are of this include acts that are seen as deviant
represented, to different extents, on when they occur in a certain context, such as
social media. a male manager wearing a dress to the office
or someone talking loudly in the middle of a
concert.
Within each category, many more specific
crimes exist. For example, violent crime
includes homicide, aggravated and simple
assault, rape and sexual assault, and
robbery, while property crime includes
burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, and
arson.
TYPS OF CRIME
There are 4 types of crimes
1. White collar crime: white collar crimes are usually committed by
people of high social positions/ authority as part of their jobs and
usually don’t involve violence. E.g money laundering etc

2. Blue collar crime: blue collar crimes are high visuals and involve
low violence. Likely to attract police to the scene. E.g stealing etc

3. Cooperate crime: these are parallel to white collar crimes and

refers to illegal actions done by company or someone on its behalf.
E.g selling faulty or unsafe products.

4. Organized crime: refers to illegal good or services provided by

business or group of people and are parallel to blue collar crime. E.g
human trafficking etc which include mafias.
 Emile Durkheim's Deviance Theory
Durkheims performs four essential functions.

1. It affirms cultural norms and values

2. Deviance clarifies moral boundries and teaches us from right and wrong.

3. It bring people together. People become united in thor response to deviance

4. And the last function of deviance is that it encourage social change

Example of how deviance can promote social change is the fact that gretchen
keeping Her maiden name is not much of big deal as it is to be used .
 Robert Merton's Strain Theory
What Is Robert Merton's Strain Theory?
Merton's strain theory is a part of the classical theories of crime and criminology that focus
on individuals and their choices, with their decisions being based on the benefits or costs of
things.

Strain Theory argues that crime occurs when there aren’t enough legitimate opportunities
for people to achieve the normal success goals of a society. In such a situation there is a
‘strain’ between the goals and the means to achieve those goals, and some people turn to
crime in order to achieve success.

Strain theory's basic assumption is that all humans are inherently good-natured and pro-
social. The only reason they act differently (or not pro-socially) is when society fails them.
This failure leads to a build-up of feelings of frustration, anger, stress, and depression, or
strain.
Strain can be defined as a state of emotional unrest and discomfort.
 Five Adaptations to Strain
Merton argued that when individuals are faced with a gap between their goals (usually
finances/money related) and their current status, strain occurs.
When faced with strain, people have five ways to adapt:
1. Conformity
2. Innovation
3. Ritualism
4. Retreatism
5. Rebellion
 CONFLICT THEORY
•Concept Given by KARL MAVX

•It is a framework for building theory that sees society as

an area of in equality that generate conflict and change.

•It is a competition of few groups of people for limited

resources.

•It studies the distribution of resources and power.

•unlike functional structuralism,it is better at explaining

social change rather than social stability.
For example : factory owner and workers