Shri Bala Ji Coaching Centre: STD 12 Science Mathematics Chapter 3 Matrices

SHRI BALA JI COACHING CENTRE
Date : 28-12-2023 STD 12 Science Mathematics Total Marks : 60

CHAPTER 3 MATRICES
SECTION A
* Choose The Right Answer From The Given Options.[1 Marks Each] [30]
1. If order of a matrix is 3 × 3, then it is a?
a. square matrix
b. rectangular matrix
c. unit matrix
d. None of these
2. r +4 amp; 6 5 amp; r + 5
If [ ] = [ ] then r =
3 amp; 3 r+2 amp; 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. -1
3. a
2
amp; ab amp; ac
⎡ ⎤
2 2
If A = ⎢ ab amp; b
2
amp; bc ⎥ and a
2
+b +c
3
= 1 then A =
⎣ 2 ⎦
ac amp;bc amp;c
a. 2A
b. A
c. 3A
d.
1
A
2
4. The number of all possible matrices of order 3 × 3 with each entry 0 or 1 is:
a. 27
b. 18
c. 81
d. 512
5. If A is a matrix of order m × n and B is a matrix such that ABT and BT A are both defined,
then the order of matrix B is:
a. m×m
b. n×n
c. n×m
d. m×n
6.
If order of A + B is n × n, then the order of AB is:
a. n×n
b. n×m
c. m×n
d. not defined
7. The transpose of a row matrix is:
[1]
a. zero matrix
b. diagonal matrix
c. column matrix
d. row matrix
8. a b 2
α β
If A = [ ] and A = [ ], then:
b a β α
a. 2 2
α = a + b , β = ab
b. 2 2
α = a + b , β = 2ab
c. 2 2 2 2
α = a +b ,β = a −b
d. 2 2
α = 2ab, β = a +b
9. 1 0 0 1 cos θ sin θ
If I = [ ],J = [ ] and B = [ ], then B equals:
0 1 −1 0 − sin θ cos θ
a. I cos θ + J sin θ
b. I sin θ + J cos θ
c. I cos θ − J sin θ
d. −I cos θ + J sin θ
10. −1 amp; 0 amp; 0

⎡ ⎤
If A = ⎢ 0 amp; x amp; 0 ⎥ is a scalar matrix then x +m =

⎣ ⎦
0 amp; 0 amp; m
a. 0
b. -1
c. -2
d. -3
11.
2
If AB = A and BA = B then B is equal to:
a. B
b. A
c. -B
d.
2
B
12. Choose the correct answer from the given four options.
0 −5 8
⎡ ⎤
The matrix ⎢ 5 0 12 ⎥ is a:
⎣ ⎦
−8 −12 0
a. Diagonal matrix.
b. Symmetric matrix.
c. Skew-symmetric matrix.
d. Scalar matrix.
1 0 0
⎡ ⎤
The matrix ⎢ 0 2 0⎥ is a:
⎣ ⎦
0 0 4
a. Identity matrix.
[2]
b. Symmetric matrix.
c. Skew-symmetric matrix.
d. None of these.
On using elementary row operation R1 → R1 – 3R2 in the following matrix equation
4 2 1 2 2 0
[ ] = [ ][ ], we have:
3 3 0 3 1 1
−5 −7 1 −7 2 0
a. [ ] = [ ][ ]
3 3 0 3 1 1
−5 −7 1 2 −1 −3
b. [ ] = [ ][ ]
3 3 0 3 1 1
−5 −7 1 2 2 0
c. [ ] = [ ][ ]
3 3 1 −7 1 1
4 2 1 2 2 0
d. [ ] = [ ][ ]
−5 −7 −3 −3 1 1
15. Matrices A and B will be inverse of each other only if:

a. AB = BA
b. AB = BA = 0
c. AB = 0, BA = I
d. AB = BA = I
16. If A is a matrix of order m × n and B is a matrix such that AB′ and B′A are both defined,
the order of the matrix B is:
a. m×m
b. n×n
c. n×m
d. m×n
17. If A and B are square matrices of the same order, then (A + B)(A - B) is equal to:
a. A2 - B2
b. A 2 - BA - AB - B2
c. A 2 - B2 + BA - AB
d. A 2 - BA + B2 + AB
18. ∣5 amp; x ∣ ∣ −4 amp; y ∣
If A = ∣ ∣B = ∣ ∣ and A + B = 1 then the values of x and y
∣y amp; 6 ∣ ∣ −4 amp; 5 ∣
respectively are:
a. -4, 4
b. -4, -4
c. 4, 4
d. 4, -4
19. A square matrix A has 9 elements. What is the possible order of A?

a. 1× 9
b. 9× 9
c. 3× 3
d. 2× 7
20.
[3]
∣1 amp; 0 ∣ ∣1 amp; 0 ∣
If A = ∣ ∣ And B = ∣ ∣ then A+B =
∣1 amp; 0 ∣ ∣0 amp; 1 ∣
a. A
b. B
∣2 0∣
c. ∣ ∣
∣1 1∣
∣0 2∣
d. ∣ ∣
∣2 2∣
21. Which of the given values of X and Y make the following pairs of matrices equal?
3x + 7 5 0 y −2
[ ],[ ]
y +1 2 − 3x 8 4
a.
1
x = − ,y = 7
3
b. y = 7, x = −
2
c.
1 2
x = − ,y = −
3 5
d. Not possible to find
22. Matrix A = [aij ]m×n is a square matrix if:

a. m < n
b. m > n
c. m = 1
d. m = n
23. If A and B are square matrices such that AB = I and BA = I, then B is:
a. Unit matrix
b. Null matrix
c. Multiplicative inverse matrix of A
d. -A
24. If A is a square of order 3, then|Adj(AdjA

2
)| =
a.
2
|A|
b.
4
|A|
c.
8
|A|
d.
16
|A|
25. If A = [a ij] is a scalar matrix of order n × n such that a ij = k, for all i, then trace of A is
equal to:
a. nk
b. n+k
c.
n
d. none of these
26. The possible number of different orders that a matrix can have when it has 24
elements, is:
a. 8
b. 16
c. 4
d. None of these
[4]
If A and B are two matrices of the order 3 × m and 3 × n, respectively and m = n, then
order of matrix (5A – 2B) is:
a. m×3
b. 3×3
c. m×n
d. 3×n
28. The number of all possible matrices of order 3 × 3 with each entry 0 or 1 is:
a. 27
b. 18
c. 81
d. 512
29. 2 amp; 3 2 amp; 3

If A = [ ],B = [ ] and A = B, thenp and x are:
6 amp; x p amp; 2
a. p= 6, x = 4
b. p= 3, x = 4
c. p= 4, x = 3
d. p= 6, x = 2
30. A matrix has 16 elements Which of the following can be the order of the matrix:
a. 1 × 16
b. 2×8
c. 4×4
d. All of these
* a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). [10]

Choose the correct option.
31. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
a b x
Assertion: Let A = ( ) and X = ( ). If X'AX = O for each X, then A must
c d y
be skew symmetric matrix.
Reason: If A is symmetric matrix and X'AX = O for each X, then A = O.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
e. Both A and R are false.

a b
Assertion: Suppose X = ( ) satisfies X2 - 4X + 3I = O. : If a + d ≠ 4, then
c d
there are just two matrices such X.
Reason: There are infinitely many matrices X satisfies the equation X2 - 4X + 3I = O.
[5]

1 2 −1 4
Assertion: If A = ( ) and B = ( ). (A + B)2 = A 2 + 2AB + B2 .
2 3 0 5
Reason: AB ≠ BA.


1 2
Assertion: Matrix A = ( ), satisfies the equation x2 - 2x + 5I = 0, then A is
−2 1
invertible.
Reason: If a square matrix satisfies the equation a n Xn + a n-1 Xn-1 + .... + a 1 X + a n Iz =
0 and an ≠ 0, Then A is invertible.
0 2b −2
⎛ ⎞
Assertion: If the matrix P = ⎜ 3 1 3 ⎟ is a symmetric matrix, then

⎝ ⎠
3a 3 3
2 2
a = − and b = − .
3 3
Reason: If P is a symmetric matrix, then P' = P.

2 2 2
Assertion: (A + B) ≠ A + 2AB + B .
Reason: Generally AB = BA.

37.
[6]
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a
1 2 −1
⎛ ⎞
Assertion: If A = ⎜ 2 0 3 ⎟, then A -1 is symmetric matrix.

⎝ ⎠
−1 3 4
Reason: If A is symmetric matrix then A -1 is symmetric matrix.


3 −2 10 1 5 6
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞
Assertion: If A = ⎜ −2 4 5 ⎟ and x = ⎜ −2 0 1⎟ X'AX is symmetric
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
10 5 6 4 3 2
matrix.
Reason: X'AX is symmetric or skew symmetric as A is symmetric or skew symmetric.

Assertion: If A is a square matrix such that A 2 = I, then (I + A)2 - 3A = I.
Reason: Al = IA = A, where I is Idetity matrix.

–
√2 sin θ 3
cos θ + sin θ
Assertion: Let Aθ = ( – ) (A π ) = −I.
−√2 sin θ
3
cos θ − sin θ
Reason: Aθ ⋅ Aϕ = Aθ+ϕ .

SECTION E
* Case study based questions [20]
[7]
41. DETERMINANTS: A determinant is a square array of numbers (written within a pair of
vertical lines) which represents a certain sum of We can solve a system of equations
using determinants, but it becomes very tedious for large systems. We will only do 2 × 2
and 3 × 3 systems using determinants. Using the properties of determinants solve the
problem given below and answer the questions that follow:
Three shopkeepers Ram Lal, Shyam Lal, and Ghansham are using polythene bags,
handmade bags (prepared by prisoners), and newspaper's envelope as carry bags. It is
found that the shopkeepers Ram Lal, Shyam Lal, and Ghansham are using (20, 30, 40),
(30, 40, 20), and (40, 20, 30) polythene bags, handmade bags, and newspapers
envelopes respectively. The shopkeepers Ram Lal, Shyam Lal, and Ghansham spent
₹250, ₹270, and ₹200 on these carry bags respectively.
i. What is the cost of one polythene bag?
a. ₹1
b. ₹2
c. ₹3
d. ₹5
ii. What is the cost of one handmade bag?
a. ₹1
b. ₹2
c. ₹3
d. ₹5
iii. What is the cost of one newspaper bag?
a. ₹1
b. ₹2
c. ₹3
d. ₹5
iv. Keeping in mind the social conditions, which shopkeeper is better?
a. Ram Lal
b. Shyam Lal
c. Ghansham
d. None of these
v. Keeping in mind the environmental conditions, which shopkeeper is better?
a. Ram Lal
b. Shyam Lal
c. Ghansham
d. None of these
42. Three shopkeepers A, B and C go to a store to buy stationary. A purchase 12 dozen
notebooks, 5 dozen pens and 6 dozen pencils. B purchases 10 dozen notebooks, 6
dozen pens and 7 dozen pencils. C purchases 11 dozen notebooks, 13 dozen pens and 8
dozen pencils. A notebook costs ₹ 40, a pen costs ₹ 12 and a pencil costs ₹ 3.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

i. The number of items purchased by shopkeepers A, B and C represented in
matrix form as:
a. Notebooks Pens Pencils
144 60 72 A
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 120 720 84 ⎥ B
⎣ ⎦
132 156 96 C
[8]
b. Notebooks Pens Pencils
144 72 60 A
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 120 84 72 ⎥ B
⎣ ⎦
132 156 96 C
c. Notebooks Pens Pencils
144 72 72 A
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 120 156 84 ⎥ B
⎣ ⎦
132 84 96 C
d. Notebooks Pens Pencils
144 60 60 A
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 120 84 72 ⎥ B
⎣ ⎦
132 156 96 C
ii. If Y represents the matrix formed by the cost of each item, then XY equals.
5741
⎡ ⎤
a. ⎢ 6780 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
8040
6696
⎡ ⎤
b. ⎢ 5916 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
7440
5916
⎡ ⎤
c. ⎢ 6696 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
7440
6740
⎡ ⎤
d. ⎢ 5740 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
8140
iii. Bill of A is equal to:

a. ₹ 6740
b. ₹ 8140
c. ₹ 5740
d. ₹ 6696
iv. If A 2 = A, then (A + 1)3 - 7A =
a. A
b. A-I
c. I
d. A+I
v. If A and B are 3 × 3 matrices such that A 2 - B2 = (A - B) (A+ B), then
a. Either A or B is zero matrix.
b. Either A or B is unit matrix.
c. A=B
d. AB = BA
43. Three car dealers, say A, Band C, deals in three types of cars, namely Hatchback cars,
Sedan cars, SUV cars. The sales figure of 2019 and 2020 showed that dealer A sold 120
Hatchback, 50 Sedan, 10 SUV cars in 2019 and 300 Hatchback, 150 Sedan, 20 SUV cars
in 2020; dealer B sold 100 Hatchback, 30 Sedan, 5 SUV cars in 2019 and 200
[9]
Hatchback, 50 Sedan, 6 SUV cars in 2020; dealer C sold 90 Hatchback, 40 Sedan, 2 SUV
cars in 2019 and 100 Hatchback, 60 Sedan, 5 SUV cars in 2020.

i. The matrix summarizing sales data of 2019 is:
a. Hatchback Sedan SUV
A 300 150 20
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 200 50 6 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 100 30 5
b. Hatchback Sedan SUV
A 120 100 20
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 100 30 5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 90 40 2
c. Hatchback Sedan SUV
A 100 30 5
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 120 50 10 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 90 40 2
d. Hatchback Sedan SUV
A 200 50 6
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 100 30 5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 300 150 20
ii. The matrix summarizing sales data of 2020 is:

A 300 150 20
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 200 50 6 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 100 60 5
A 120 50 10
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 100 60 5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 90 40 2
A 100 60 5
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 120 50 10 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 90 40 2
A 200 50 6
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 100 60 5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 300 150 20
iii. The cost incurred by the organisation on village Z is:
[10]
A 190 100 7
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 300 80 11 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 420 200 30
A 300 80 11
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 190 100 7 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 420 200 30
A 420 200 30
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 300 80 11 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 190 100 7
d. None of these
iv. The increase in sales from 2019 to 2020 is given by the matrix.
A 180 100 10
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 10 20 1 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 100 20 3
A 10 20 3
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 100 20 1 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 180 100 10
A 180 100 10
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 100 20 1 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 10 20 3
A 100 20 3
⎡ ⎤
B ⎢ 180 100 10 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 10 20 3
v. If each dealer receive profit of ₹ 50000 on sale of a Hatchback. ₹ 100000 on

sale of a Sedan and ₹ 200000 on sale of a SUV, then amount of profit received
in the year 2020 by each dealer is given by the matrix.
A 30000000
⎡ ⎤
a. B ⎢ 15000000 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 12000000
A 12000000
⎡ ⎤
b. B ⎢ 16200000 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 34000000
[11]
A 34000000
⎡ ⎤
c. B ⎢ 16200000 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 12000000
A 15000000
⎡ ⎤
d. B ⎢ 30000000 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
C 12000000
44. Two farmers Shyam and Balwan Singh cultivate only three varieties of pulses namely
Urad, Masoor and Mung. The sale (in ₹) of these varieties of pulses by both the farmers
in the month of September and October are given by the following matrices A and B.
September sales (in ₹)

Urad Masoor Mung
10000 20000 30000 Shayam

A = [ ]
50000 30000 10000 Balwan singh
October sales (in ₹)

Urad Masoor Mung
10000 20000 30000 Shayam

B = [ ]
50000 30000 10000 Balwan singh
Using algebra of matrices, answer the following questions.

i. The combined sales of Masoor in September and October, for farmer Balwan
Singh, is:
a. ₹ 80000
b. ₹ 90000
c. ₹ 40000
d. ₹ 135000
ii. The combined sales of Urad in September and October, for farmer Shyam is:
a. ₹ 20000
b. ₹ 30000
c. ₹ 36000
d. ₹ 15000
iii. Find the decrease in sales of Mung from September to October, for the farmer
Shyam.
a. ₹ 24000
b. ₹ 10000
c. ₹ 30000
d. No change
iv. If both farmers receive 2% profit on gross sales, compute the profit for each
farmer and for each variety sold in October.
a. Urad Masoor Mung
100 200 220 Shayam

[ ]
400 300 200 Balwan singh
[12]
b. Urad Masoor Mung
100 200 120 Shayam

[ ]
c. Urad Masoor Mung
150 200 220 Shayam

[ ]
d. Urad Masoor Mung
100 200 120 Shayam

[ ]
v. Which variety of pulse has the highest selling value in the month of September
for the farmer Balwan Singh?
a. Urad
b. Masoor
c. Mung
d. All of these have the same price
45. Consider 2 families A and B. Suppose there are 4 men,4 women and 4 children in family
A and 2 men, 2 women and 2 children in family B. The recommend daily amount of
calories is 2400 for a man, 1900 for a woman, 1800 for a children and 45 grams of
proteins for a man, 55 grams for a woman and 33 grams for children.

i. The requirement of calories and proteins for each person in matrix form can be
represented as:
a. Calorise Proteins
Man 2400 45
⎡ ⎤
Woman ⎢ 1900 55 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Children 1800 33
b. Calorise Proteins
Man 1900 55
⎡ ⎤
Woman ⎢ 2400 45 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Children 1800 33
c. Calorise Proteins
Man 1800 33
⎡ ⎤
Woman ⎢ 1900 55 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Children 2400 45
d. Calorise Proteins
Man 2400 33
⎡ ⎤
Woman ⎢ 1900 55 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Children 1800 45
ii. Requirement of calories of family A is:
a. 24000
b. 24400
c. 15000
d. 15800
iii. Requirement of proteins for family B is:
a. 560 grams
b. 332 grams
c. 266 grams
d. 300 grams
iv. If A and Bare two matrices such that AB = B and BA = A, then A 2 + B2 equals.
a. 2AB
b. 2BA
c. A+B
d. AB
v. If A = (aij )m×n , B = (bij )n×p and C = (cij )p×q then the product (BC) A is
possible only when.
a. m=q
b. n=q
c. p=q
d. m=p
----- -----

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SHRI BALA JI COACHING CENTRE

Date : 28-12-2023 STD 12 Science Mathematics Total Marks : 60

10. −1 amp; 0 amp; 0

If A = ⎢ 0 amp; x amp; 0 ⎥ is a scalar matrix then x +m =

15. Matrices A and B will be inverse of each other only if:

19. A square matrix A has 9 elements. What is the possible order of A?

d. Not possible to find

22. Matrix A = [aij ]m×n is a square matrix if:

24. If A is a square of order 3, then|Adj(AdjA

29. 2 amp; 3 2 amp; 3

* a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). [10]

32. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

33. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

34. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

Assertion: If the matrix P = ⎜ 3 1 3 ⎟ is a symmetric matrix, then

Reason: If P is a symmetric matrix, then P' = P.

Reason: Generally AB = BA.

Assertion: If A = ⎜ 2 0 3 ⎟, then A -1 is symmetric matrix.

Reason: If A is symmetric matrix then A -1 is symmetric matrix.

38. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

39. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

40. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

* Case study based questions [20]

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

c. Notebooks Pens Pencils

d. Notebooks Pens Pencils

iii. Bill of A is equal to:

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

b. Hatchback Sedan SUV

c. Hatchback Sedan SUV

d. Hatchback Sedan SUV

ii. The matrix summarizing sales data of 2020 is:

b. Hatchback Sedan SUV

c. Hatchback Sedan SUV

d. Hatchback Sedan SUV

iii. The cost incurred by the organisation on village Z is:

b. Hatchback Sedan SUV

c. Hatchback Sedan SUV

b. Hatchback Sedan SUV

c. Hatchback Sedan SUV

d. Hatchback Sedan SUV

v. If each dealer receive profit of ₹ 50000 on sale of a Hatchback. ₹ 100000 on

September sales (in ₹)

10000 20000 30000 Shayam

October sales (in ₹)

10000 20000 30000 Shayam

Using algebra of matrices, answer the following questions.

100 200 220 Shayam

100 200 120 Shayam

c. Urad Masoor Mung

150 200 220 Shayam

d. Urad Masoor Mung

100 200 120 Shayam

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

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