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Wednesday, March 5, 2014

SQL Server Scenario Based Interview Question

1. There’s a table with below data

Write a query which will give below output.

Query:
declare @input as table
(
column_name varchar(100)
)

insert into @input values('AAA')

insert into @input values('BBB')
insert into @input values('CCC')

select * from @input

select
[AAA],min([BBB]),min([CCC])
from
@input
pivot
(
 max(column_name) for column_name in ([AAA],[BBB],[CCC])
)pv
group by
cube([AAA])

2. There’s a table with below data

Write a query which will give below output.

Query:
declare @input as table
(
column_name varchar(100)
)
insert into @input values('AAA')
insert into @input values('BBB')
insert into @input values('CCC')

select * from @input

select
[AAA] FirstColumn,
[BBB] SecondColumn,
[CCC] ThirdColumn
from
@input
pivot
(
max(column_name) for column_name in ([AAA],[BBB],[CCC])
)pv
union
select
null,[AAA],[BBB]
from
@input
pivot
(
max(column_name) for column_name in ([AAA],[BBB],[CCC])
)pv
order by [AAA] desc

3. There’s a table with below data

Write a query which will give below output.

Query:
declare @table as table(
Id int,
Name varchar(40),
Salary decimal(18,2),
Age int
)
insert into @table values(1,'asif',12.45,2)

select * from @table

select
variable,value
from
(
select cast(Id as varchar) Id,cast(Name as varchar) as Name,cast(Salary asvarchar) Sa
lary,cast(Age as varchar) Age
from
@table
)t
unpivot(
value FOR variable IN (Id,Name,Salary,Age)
)as unp;

4. Difference between ISNULL and COALESCE

ISNULL:
Replaces NULL with the specified replacement value.
Syntax: ISNULL ( check_expression , replacement_value )
Example:
declare
@var1 varchar(max) = 'val1',
@var2 varchar(max) = 'val2'
select isnull(@var1,@var2)Output:

set @var1 = null

select isnull(@var1,@var2) Output:
COALESCE: Evaluates the arguments in order and returns the current value of the first
expression that initially does not evaluate to NULL.
Syntax: COALESCE ( expression [ ,...n ] )
Example:
declare
@var1 varchar(max) = 'val1',
@var2 varchar(max) = 'val2',
@var3 varchar(max) = 'val3',
@var4 varchar(max) = 'val4'

select COALESCE(@var1,@var2,@var3,@var4)Output:

set @var1 = null

select COALESCE(@var1,@var2,@var3,@var4)

set @var1 = null

set @var2 = null

select COALESCE(@var1,@var2,@var3,@var4)

set @var1 = null

set @var2 = null
set @var3 = null

select COALESCE(@var1,@var2,@var3,@var4)

5. There’s a table with below data. Write query for all rank function based on
department_id.

Query:
declare @employee as table(
id int,
department_id int,
name varchar(100),
 salary decimal(18,2)
)

insert into @employee values(1,1,'A',1000)

insert into @employee values(2,1,'B',2000)
insert into @employee values(3,2,'C',3000)
insert into @employee values(4,2,'D',4000)
insert into @employee values(4,2,'E',5000)
insert into @employee values(4,3,'F',6000)

select * from @employee

select
*,
row_number() over(order by id) rownumber,
dense_rank() over(order by id) denserank,
rank() over(order by id) ranknumber,
ntile(4) over(order by department_id) ntilenumber
from @employee Output:

6. There’s a same table mentioned in above question. Write a query to get 3th and
5th record as below.

Query:
select

*
from
(
select
*,
row_number() over(order by id) rownumber
from @employee
)t
where
t.rownumber = 3 or t.rownumber = 5

7. There’s a same table mentioned in above question. Write a query to get

employee with highest salary for all departments as below.
Query:
select
*
from
(
select
*,
row_number() over(partition by department_id order by salary desc)rownumber
from @employee
)t
where
t.rownumber = 1

8. There’s a same table mentioned in above question. Write a query to delete

duplicate records for given column “id” and retain single record with minimum
salary.
Query:
delete from T
from
(
select
*,
row_number() over(partition by id order by salary asc) rownumber
from @employee
)t
where
t.rownumber <> 1
select * from @employee

9. There’s a table with below data.

Write a query which will give below output.

OR
How to Include NULL using UNPIVOT.
Below is query using UNPIVOT:
declare @employee as table(
 Id int,
Name varchar(40),
Salary decimal(18,2),
Age int,
InsertedBy bigint,
UpdatedBy bigint
)

insert into @employee values(1,'A',1000,20,1,null)

insert into @employee values(2,'B',null,20,2,null)

select * from @employee

Select

Id,

ColumnName,
ColumnValue,
UpdatedBy
From
(
Select
Id,
Cast(Name as nvarchar(max)) Name,
Cast(Salary as nvarchar(max)) Salary,
Cast(Age as nvarchar(max)) Age,
isnull(UpdatedBy,InsertedBy) UpdatedBy
From
@employee
)T
Unpivot
(
ColumnValue for ColumnName in (Name,Salary, Age)
) as UNP
Output:

Here, we can see that, it's excluding results for NULL. We will see how can
we achieve it using CROSS JOIN to include NULL column. Below is query for
same.
select
a.ID,
b.column_name,
column_value =
case b.column_name
 when 'Name' then a.Name
when 'Salary' then a.Salary
when 'Age' then a.Age
end,
UpdatedBy
from (
Select
Id,
Cast(Name as nvarchar(max)) Name,
Cast(Salary as nvarchar(max)) Salary,
Cast(Age as nvarchar(max)) Age,
isnull(UpdatedBy,InsertedBy) UpdatedBy
From
@employee
)a
cross join (
select 'Name' union all
select 'Salary' union all
select 'Age'
) b (column_name)

10. There’s a table with below data.

Write a query to get highest salary of employee.

Query:
declare @employee as table(
id int,
department_id int,
name varchar(100),
salary decimal(18,2)
)
insert into @employee values(1,1,'A',1000)
insert into @employee values(2,1,'B',2000)
insert into @employee values(3,2,'C',3000)
insert into @employee values(4,2,'D',4000)
insert into @employee values(5,2,'E',5000)
insert into @employee values(6,3,'F',6000)

select * from @employee

select * from @employee E where E.salary > all(select E1.salary from @employeeE1 where
E.id <> E1.id)

11. There’s a table with below data.

Write a query to get highest salary of employee.

Query:
declare @employee as table(
id int,
department_id int,
name varchar(100),
salary decimal(18,2)
)
insert into @employee values(1,1,'A',1000)
insert into @employee values(2,1,'B',2000)
insert into @employee values(3,2,'C',3000)
insert into @employee values(4,2,'D',4000)
insert into @employee values(5,2,'E',5000)
insert into @employee values(6,3,'F',6000)

select * from @employee

select * from @employee E where E.salary < all(select E1.salary from @employee E1 where
E.id <> E1.id)

12. There’s a table with below data

Write a query which will give below output.

Query:
declare @product as table(
ProductID int,
Amount int
)insert into @product
values(1,100),
(1,100),
(2,100),
(2,100),
(3,100),
(3,100),
(3,100)

select * from @product

select distinct ProductID,AmountList from @product t

outer apply
(select substring((select ',' + cast(Amount as varchar) from @product whereProductID = t.P
roductID for xml path('')),2,8000) AmountList
)t1
Posted by Unknown at 5:38 PM
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Labels: SQL Server Scenario Based Interview Question

5 comments:

1.

Sriharirao KMay 12, 2015 at 1:25 PM

it's very useful to me thank very much asif ghanchi

ReplyDelete

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2.

siva reddyFebruary 28, 2017 at 11:29 PM

nice work

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3.

AnonymousAugust 21, 2017 at 10:18 PM

Hello colleagues, how is everything, and what you want to say concerning this post, in my
view its truly
remarkable in favor of me.

ReplyDelete

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4.
 AnonymousAugust 26, 2017 at 11:54 PM

You actually make it seem so easy with your presentation but

I find this topic to be actually something which I think I would never understand.
It seems too complex and extremely broad for me. I'm looking
forward for your next post, I will try to get the hang
of it!

ReplyDelete

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5.

AnonymousAugust 27, 2017 at 5:05 PM

Article writing is also a fun, if you be familiar with after that

you can write if not it is difficult to write.

ReplyDelete

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