Literal language is used to mean exactly what is written.

While,
figurative language is used to mean something that what is written.
Something symbolic, suggested or implied.

Figures of speech
Simile - compares two things that are different from each other but have
similar qualities. Formed through the usage of the words “like” or “as”.

Example: I slept like a dog

Metaphor - use for implying a comparison between two things that have
something in common but are in general different from each other.

Example: laughter is the best medicine.

Personification - attributes human nature or human qualities to abstract

or inanimate objects.

Example: Lightning danced across the sky.

Hyperbole - is consists of an exaggeration it is the usage of

exaggerated terms in order to emphasis or heighten the effect of
something.

Example: I slept like a rock last night.

Alliteration - a sentence that consist of a series of words that have the

same constant sound in the beginning.

Example: she sells sea shells on the sea shore.

Onomatopoeia - it is used to express a sound to be more precise, it

involves the use of words that imitate the sound associated with the
action or object referred.

Example: “ding dong” of a doorbell.

Euphemism - usage of a mild word in substitution of something that is

more explicit.

Example: “pass away” instead of “died”

Irony or sarcasm - usage of words conveys the opposite of the literal

meaning.

Example: telling a rude customer to “have a nice day”

Anaphora - repetition of a word or phrase at the start of several

sentences of clauses.

Example: Charles dickens: A tale of two cities.

Apostrophe - addresses the subject that is not present in the work.

Example: i am - i’m: “ i’m planning to write a book someday”