Google Sheets Function List

Google Sheets function list
Google Sheets supports cell formulas typically found in most desktop spreadsheet packages.
Functions can be used to create formulas that manipulate data and calculate strings and numbers.
Here's a list of all the functions available in each category. When using them, don't forget to add
quotation marks around all function components made of alphabetic characters that aren't referring
to cells or columns.
You can change the language of Google Sheets functions between English and 21 other languages.
Filter with a few keywords ... Narrow by ...
Type Name Syntax Description
ARRAY_CONSTRAIN(inp Constrains an array

Array ARRAY_CONSTRAIN ut_range, num_rows, result to a specified
num_cols) size. Learn more
Groups an array by
columns by application
BYCOL(array_or_rang
Array BYCOL of a LAMBDA function
e, LAMBDA)
to each column. Learn
more
Groups an array by
rows by application of
BYROW(array_or_rang
Array BYROW a LAMBDA function to
e, LAMBDA)
each row. Learn more
Creates a new array

CHOOSECOLS(array,
from the selected
Array CHOOSECOLS col_num1,
columns in the existing
[col_num2])
range. Learn more
Creates a new array

CHOOSEROWS(array,
from the selected rows
Array CHOOSEROWS row_num1,
in the existing range.
[row_num2])
Learn more
Flattens all the values

FLATTEN(range1, from one or more
Array FLATTEN
[range2,...]) ranges into a single
column. Learn more
Calculates the
frequency distribution
FREQUENCY(data,
Array FREQUENCY of a one-column array
classes)
into specified classes.
Learn more
Given partial data

about an exponential
GROWTH(known_data_y growth trend, fits an
Array GROWTH , [known_data_x], ideal exponential
[new_data_x], [b]) growth trend and/or
predicts further values.
Learn more
Appends ranges
horizontally and in
HSTACK(range1;
Array HSTACK sequence to return a
[range2, …])
larger array. Learn
more
Given partial data

about a linear trend,
LINEST(known_data_y calculates various
, [known_data_x], parameters about the
Array LINEST
[calculate_b], ideal linear trend using
[verbose]) the least-squares
method. Learn more
Given partial data

about an exponential
growth curve,
LOGEST(known_data_y
calculates various
Array LOGEST , [known_data_x],
parameters about the
[b], [verbose])
best fit ideal
exponential growth
curve. Learn more
Returns an array of
specified dimensions
MAKEARRAY(rows, with values calculated
Array MAKEARRAY
columns, LAMBDA) by application of a
LAMBDA function.
Learn more
Maps each value in the

given arrays to a new
MAP(array1,
value by application of
Array MAP [array2, ...],
a LAMBDA function to
LAMBDA)
each value. Learn more
Returns the matrix

determinant of a
MDETERM(square_matr square matrix
Array MDETERM
ix) specified as an array
or range. Learn more
Returns the
multiplicative inverse
MINVERSE(square_mat of a square matrix
Array MINVERSE
rix) specified as an array
or range. Learn more
Calculates the matrix

product of two
MMULT(matrix1,
Array MMULT matrices specified as
matrix2)
arrays or ranges. Learn
more
Reduces an array to an
accumulated result by
REDUCE(initial_valu
application of a
Array REDUCE e, array_or_range,
LAMBDA function to
LAMBDA)
each value. Learn more
Scans an array and

produces intermediate
values by application
SCAN(initial_value, of a LAMBDA function
Array SCAN array_or_range, to each value. Returns
LAMBDA) an array of the
intermediate values
obtained at each step.
Learn more
Calculates the sum of

the products of
SUMPRODUCT(array1, corresponding entries
Array SUMPRODUCT
[array2, ...]) in two equal-sized
arrays or ranges. Learn
more

the differences of the
SUMX2MY2(array_x,
Array SUMX2MY2 squares of values in
array_y)
two arrays. Learn more

the sums of the
SUMX2PY2(array_x,
Array SUMX2PY2 squares of values in
array_y)
Array SUMXMY2 SUMXMY2(array_x, Calculates the sum of

array_y) the squares of
differences of values in
Transforms an array or
TOCOL(array_or_rang
range of cells into a
Array TOCOL e, [ignore],
single column. Learn
[scan_by_column])
more
Transforms an array or
TOROW(array_or_rang
range of cells into a
Array TOROW e, [ignore],
single row. Learn more
[scan_by_column])
Transposes the rows

TRANSPOSE(array_or_ and columns of an
Array TRANSPOSE
range) array or range of cells.
Learn more
Given partial data

about a linear trend,
TREND(known_data_y, fits an ideal linear
Array TREND [known_data_x], trend using the least
[new_data_x], [b]) squares method and/or
predicts further values.
Learn more
Appends ranges
vertically and in
VSTACK(range1;
Array VSTACK sequence to return a
[range2, …])
larger array. Learn
more
Wraps the provided

row or column of cells
WRAPCOLS(range, by columns after a
Array WRAPCOLS wrap_count, specified number of
[pad_with]) elements to form a
new array. Learn more
Wraps the provided

row or column of cells
WRAPROWS(range, by rows after a
Array WRAPROWS wrap_count, specified number of
[pad_with]) elements to form a
new array. Learn more
Database DAVERAGE DAVERAGE(database, Returns the average of

field, criteria) a set of values
selected from a
database table-like
array or range using a
SQL-like query. Learn
more
Counts numeric values

selected from a
DCOUNT(database, database table-like
Database DCOUNT
field, criteria) array or range using a
more
Counts values,
including text, selected
DCOUNTA(database, from a database table-
Database DCOUNTA
field, criteria) like array or range
using a SQL-like query.
Learn more
Returns a single value

from a database table-
DGET(database,
Database DGET like array or range
field, criteria)
Learn more
Returns the maximum

value selected from a
DMAX(database, database table-like
Database DMAX
more
Returns the minimum

value selected from a
DMIN(database, database table-like
Database DMIN
more
Returns the product of

values selected from a
DPRODUCT(database, database table-like
Database DPRODUCT
more
Returns the standard

deviation of a
population sample
DSTDEV(database, selected from a
Database DSTDEV
field, criteria) database table-like
more
Returns the standard

deviation of an entire
population selected
DSTDEVP(database,
Database DSTDEVP from a database table-
field, criteria)
like array or range
Learn more
Returns the sum of

values selected from a
DSUM(database, database table-like
Database DSUM
more
Returns the variance of

a population sample
selected from a
DVAR(database,
Database DVAR database table-like
field, criteria)
more
Returns the variance of

an entire population
selected from a
DVARP(database,
Database DVARP database table-like
field, criteria)
more
Converts a provided
DATE(year, month, year, month, and day
Date DATE
day) into a date. Learn more
Calculates the number

DATEDIF(start_date, of days, months, or
Date DATEDIF
end_date, unit) years between two
dates. Learn more
Converts a provided
DATEVALUE(date_stri date string in a known
Date DATEVALUE
ng) format to a date value.
Learn more
Returns the day of the

month that a specific
Date DAY DAY(date) date falls on, in
numeric format. Learn
more
Returns the number of

DAYS(end_date,
Date DAYS days between two
start_date)
dates. Learn more.
Returns the difference

between two days
based on the 360 day
DAYS360(start_date,
Date DAYS360 year used in some
end_date, [method])
financial interest
calculations. Learn
more
Returns a date a
specified number of
EDATE(start_date,
Date EDATE months before or after
months)
another date. Learn
more
Returns a date
representing the last
day of a month which
EOMONTH(start_date,
Date EOMONTH falls a specified
months)
number of months
before or after another
date. Learn more
Converts a Unix epoch

timestamp in seconds,
EPOCHTODATE(timesta milliseconds, or
Date EPOCHTODATE
mp, [unit]) microseconds to a
datetime in UTC. Learn
more
Returns the hour

component of a
Date HOUR HOUR(time) specific time, in
more

the ISO week of the
Date ISOWEEKNUM ISOWEEKNUM(date) year where the
provided date falls.
Learn more
Returns the minute

component of a
Date MINUTE MINUTE(time) specific time, in
more
Date MONTH MONTH(date) Returns the month of

the year a specific
date falls in, in numeric
format. Learn more

NETWORKDAYS(start_d
net working days
Date NETWORKDAYS ate, end_date,
between two provided
[holidays])
days. Learn more

net working days
NETWORKDAYS.INTL(st
between two provided
art_date, end_date,
Date NETWORKDAYS.INTL days excluding
[weekend],
specified weekend
[holidays])
days and holidays.
Learn more
Returns the current

date and time as a
Date NOW NOW()
date value. Learn more
Returns the second

component of a
Date SECOND SECOND(time) specific time, in
more
Converts a provided
TIME(hour, minute, hour, minute, and
Date TIME
second) second into a time.
Learn more
Returns the fraction of

TIMEVALUE(time_stri a 24-hour day the time
Date TIMEVALUE
ng) represents. Learn more
Returns the current

Date TODAY TODAY() date as a date value.
Learn more
Returns a number
representing the day
WEEKDAY(date,
Date WEEKDAY of the week of the date
[type])
provided. Learn more
Returns a number
representing the week
WEEKNUM(date,
Date WEEKNUM of the year where the
[type])
provided date falls.
Learn more
Date WORKDAY WORKDAY(start_date, Calculates the end

num_days, date after a specified
[holidays]) number of working
days. Learn more
Calculates the date

after a specified
WORKDAY.INTL(start_
number of workdays
date, num_days,
Date WORKDAY.INTL excluding specified
[weekend],
weekend days and
[holidays])
holidays. Learn more
Returns the year

Date YEAR YEAR(date) specified by a given
date. Learn more

years, including
YEARFRAC(start_date
fractional years,
, end_date,
Date YEARFRAC between two dates
[day_count_conventi
using a specified day
on])
count convention.
Learn more
Converts a signed
BIN2DEC(signed_bina binary number to
Engineering BIN2DEC
ry_number) decimal format. Learn
more
BIN2HEX(signed_bina Converts a signed

ry_number, binary number to
Engineering BIN2HEX
[significant_digits signed hexadecimal
]) format. Learn more
BIN2OCT(signed_bina Converts a signed

ry_number, binary number to
Engineering BIN2OCT
[significant_digits signed octal format.
]) Learn more
Bitwise boolean AND

BITAND(value1,
Engineering BITAND of two numbers. Learn
value2)
more.
Shifts the bits of the

BITLSHIFT(value, input a certain number
Engineering BITLSHIFT
shift_amount) of places to the left.
Learn more.
Bitwise boolean OR of
BITOR(value1,
Engineering BITOR 2 numbers. Learn
value2)
more.
Engineering BITRSHIFT BITRSHIFT(value, Shifts the bits of the

shift_amount) input a certain number
of places to the right.
Learn more.
Bitwise XOR (exclusive

BITXOR(value1,
Engineering BITXOR OR) of 2 numbers.
value2)
Learn more.
Creates a complex
COMPLEX(real_part,
number given real and
Engineering COMPLEX imaginary_part,
imaginary coefficients.
[suffix])
Learn more
DEC2BIN(decimal_num Converts a decimal

ber, number to signed
Engineering DEC2BIN
[significant_digits binary format. Learn
]) more
DEC2HEX(decimal_num Converts a decimal

ber, number to signed
Engineering DEC2HEX
[significant_digits hexadecimal format.
]) Learn more
DEC2OCT(decimal_num
Converts a decimal
ber,
Engineering DEC2OCT number to signed octal
[significant_digits
format. Learn more
])
Compare two numeric

DELTA(number1, values, returning 1 if
Engineering DELTA
[number2]) they're equal. Learn
more
The ERF function

returns the integral of
ERF(lower_bound, the Gauss error
Engineering ERF
[upper_bound]) function over an
interval of values.
Learn more .
ERF.PRECISE(lower_b
Engineering ERF.PRECISE ound, See ERF
[upper_bound])
Returns 1 if the rate is

strictly greater than or
equal to the provided
step value or 0
GESTEP(value,
Engineering GESTEP otherwise. If no step
[step])
value is provided then
the default value of 0
will be used. Learn
more.
HEX2BIN(signed_hexa Converts a signed

decimal_number, hexadecimal number
Engineering HEX2BIN
[significant_digits to signed binary
]) format. Learn more
Converts a signed
HEX2DEC(signed_hexa hexadecimal number
Engineering HEX2DEC
decimal_number) to decimal format.
Learn more
Converts a signed
HEX2OCT(signed_hexa
hexadecimal number
Engineering HEX2OCT decimal_number,
to signed octal format.
significant_digits)
Learn more
Returns absolute value

Engineering IMABS IMABS(number) of a complex number.
Learn more
Returns the imaginary

IMAGINARY(complex_n coefficient of a
Engineering IMAGINARY
umber) complex number.
Learn more
The IMARGUMENT
function returns the
angle (also known as
the argument or
Engineering IMARGUMENT IMARGUMENT(number)
\theta) of the given
complex number in
radians. Learn more
.
Returns the complex

Engineering IMCONJUGATE IMCONJUGATE(number) conjugate of a number.
Learn more
The IMCOS function

returns the cosine of
Engineering IMCOS IMCOS(number) the given complex
number. Learn more
.
Returns the hyperbolic

cosine of the given
complex number. For
Engineering IMCOSH IMCOSH(number) example, a given
complex number "x+yi"
returns "cosh(x+yi)."
Learn more .
Engineering IMCOT IMCOT(number) Returns the cotangent

of the given complex
number. For example, a
given complex number
"x+yi" returns
"cot(x+yi)." Learn more
.

cotangent of the given
complex number. For
example, a given
Engineering IMCOTH IMCOTH(number)
returns
"coth(x+yi)." Learn
more .
Returns the cosecant

of the given complex
Engineering IMCSC IMCSC(number)
number. Learn more
.

cosecant of the given
complex number. For
example, a given
Engineering IMCSCH IMCSCH(number)
returns
"csch(x+yi)." Learn
more .
Returns one complex

IMDIV(dividend, number divided by
Engineering IMDIV
divisor) another. Learn more
Returns Euler's
number, e (~2.718)
Engineering IMEXP IMEXP(exponent)
raised to a complex
power. Learn more .
Returns the logarithm

of a complex number
Engineering IMLOG IMLOG(value, base)
for a specified
base. Learn more .

of a complex number
Engineering IMLOG10 IMLOG10(value)
with base 10. Learn
more .

of a complex number
Engineering IMLOG2 IMLOG2(value)
with base 2. Learn
more .
Returns the result of

multiplying a series of
IMPRODUCT(factor1,
Engineering IMPRODUCT complex numbers
[factor2, ...])
together. Learn more
Returns the real

IMREAL(complex_numb coefficient of a
Engineering IMREAL
er) complex number.
Learn more
Returns the secant of

the given complex
number. For example, a
Engineering IMSEC IMSEC(number) given complex number
"x+yi" returns
"sec(x+yi)." Learn
more .

secant of the given
complex number. For
example, a given
Engineering IMSECH IMSECH(number)
returns
"sech(x+yi)." Learn
more .
Returns the sine of the

Engineering IMSIN IMSIN (number) given complex number.
Learn more .

sine of the given
complex number. For
example, a given
Engineering IMSINH IMSINH(number)
returns
"sinh(x+yi)." Learn
more .

IMSUB(first_number, between two complex
Engineering IMSUB
second_number) numbers. Learn more
Returns the sum of a

IMSUM(value1, series of complex
Engineering IMSUM
[value2, ...]) numbers. Learn more
Engineering IMTAN IMTAN(number) Returns the tangent of

the given complex
number. Learn more
.

tangent of the given
complex number. For
example, a given
Engineering IMTANH IMTANH(number)
returns
"tanh(x+yi)." Learn
more .
OCT2BIN(signed_octa Converts a signed

l_number, octal number to signed
Engineering OCT2BIN
[significant_digits binary format. Learn
]) more
Converts a signed
OCT2DEC(signed_octa octal number to
Engineering OCT2DEC
l_number) decimal format. Learn
more
OCT2HEX(signed_octa Converts a signed

l_number, octal number to signed
Engineering OCT2HEX
[significant_digits hexadecimal format.
]) Learn more
Returns a filtered
version of the source
FILTER(range, range, returning only
Filter FILTER condition1, rows or columns which
[condition2]) meet the specified
conditions. Learn more
SORT(range, Sorts the rows of a

sort_column, given array or range by
Filter SORT is_ascending, the values in one or
[sort_column2], more columns. Learn
[is_ascending2]) more
SORTN(range, [n],
Returns the first n
[display_ties_mode]
items in a data set
Filter SORTN , [sort_column1,
after performing a sort.
is_ascending1],
Learn more
...)
Filter UNIQUE UNIQUE(range) Returns unique rows in

the provided source
range, discarding
duplicates. Rows are
returned in the order in
which they first appear
in the source range.
Learn more
ACCRINT(issue,
first_payment, Calculates the accrued
settlement, rate, interest of a security
Financial ACCRINT redemption, that has periodic
frequency, payments. Learn more
[day_count_conventi
on])
ACCRINTM(issue, Calculates the accrued

maturity, rate, interest of a security
Financial ACCRINTM [redemption], that pays interest at
[day_count_conventi maturity. Learn more
on])
Returns the
depreciation for an
AMORLINC(cost,
accounting period, or
purchase_date,
the prorated
Financial AMORLINC first_period_end,
depreciation if the
salvage, period,
asset was purchased in
rate, [basis])
the middle of a period.
Learn more.
COUPDAYBS(settlemen Calculates the number

of days from the first
t, maturity,
coupon, or interest
Financial COUPDAYBS frequency,
payment, until
[day_count_conventi
settlement. Learn more
on])

COUPDAYS(settlement of days in the coupon,
, maturity, or interest payment,
Financial COUPDAYS frequency, period that contains
[day_count_conventi the specified
on]) settlement date. Learn
more

COUPDAYSNC(settleme
of days from the
nt, maturity,
settlement date until
Financial COUPDAYSNC frequency,
the next coupon, or
[day_count_conventi
interest payment.
on])
Learn more
Financial COUPNCD COUPNCD(settlement, Calculates next

maturity, coupon, or interest
frequency, payment, date after
the settlement date.
Learn more
[day_count_conventi
on])

COUPNUM(settlement, of coupons, or interest
maturity, payments, between
Financial COUPNUM frequency, the settlement date
[day_count_conventi and the maturity date
on]) of the investment.
Learn more
COUPPCD(settlement, Calculates last coupon,

maturity, or interest payment,
Financial COUPPCD frequency, date before the
[day_count_conventi settlement date. Learn
on]) more
Calculates the
cumulative interest
CUMIPMT(rate,
over a range of
number_of_periods,
payment periods for an
present_value,
Financial CUMIPMT investment based on
first_period,
constant-amount
last_period,
periodic payments and
end_or_beginning)
a constant interest
rate. Learn more
Calculates the
cumulative principal
CUMPRINC(rate,
paid over a range of
number_of_periods,
payment periods for an
present_value,
Financial CUMPRINC investment based on
first_period,
constant-amount
last_period,
end_or_beginning)
a constant interest
rate. Learn more
Calculates the
depreciation of an
DB(cost, salvage, asset for a specified
Financial DB life, period, period using the
[month]) arithmetic declining
balance method. Learn
more
Calculates the
depreciation of an
DDB(cost, salvage, asset for a specified
Financial DDB life, period, period using the
[factor]) double-declining
balance method. Learn
more
DISC(settlement,
Calculates the
maturity, price,
discount rate of a
Financial DISC redemption,
security based on
[day_count_conventi
price. Learn more
on])
Converts a price
quotation given as a
DOLLARDE(fractional
Financial DOLLARDE decimal fraction into a
_price, unit)
decimal value. Learn
more
Converts a price
quotation given as a
DOLLARFR(decimal_pr
Financial DOLLARFR decimal value into a
ice, unit)
decimal fraction. Learn
more

of compounding
DURATION(settlement
periods required for an
, maturity, rate,
investment of a
Financial DURATION yield, frequency,
specified present value
[day_count_conventi
appreciating at a given
on]) .
rate to reach a target
value. Learn more
Calculates the annual

effective interest rate
given the nominal rate
EFFECT(nominal_rate
Financial EFFECT and number of
, periods_per_year)
compounding periods
per year. Learn more
Calculates the future

FV(rate, value of an annuity
number_of_periods, investment based on
Financial FV payment_amount, constant-amount
[present_value], periodic payments and
[end_or_beginning]) a constant interest
rate. Learn more
Calculates the future

value of some principal
FVSCHEDULE(principa based on a specified
Financial FVSCHEDULE
l, rate_schedule) series of potentially
varying interest rates.
Learn more
Financial INTRATE INTRATE(buy_date, Calculates the

sell_date, effective interest rate
buy_price, generated when an
sell_price, investment is
[day_count_conventi purchased at one price
on]) and sold at another
with no interest or
dividends generated
by the investment
itself. Learn more
Calculates the
IPMT(rate, period, payment on interest for
number_of_periods, an investment based
Financial IPMT present_value, on constant-amount
[future_value], periodic payments and
rate. Learn more
Calculates the internal

rate of return on an
IRR(cashflow_amount
Financial IRR investment based on a
s, [rate_guess])
series of periodic cash
flows. Learn more
The ISPMT function

calculates the interest
ISPMT(rate, period,
paid during a
Financial ISPMT number_of_periods,
particular period of an
present_value)
investment. Learn
more .
Calculates the
modified Macaulay
MDURATION(settlemen
duration of a security
t, maturity, rate,
paying periodic
Financial MDURATION yield, frequency,
interest, such as a US
[day_count_conventi
Treasury Bond, based
on])
on expected yield.
Learn more
Calculates the
modified internal rate
of return on an
investment based on a
MIRR(cashflow_amoun series of periodic cash
ts, financing_rate, flows and the
Financial MIRR
reinvestment_return difference between the
_rate) interest rate paid on
financing versus the
return received on
reinvested income.
Learn more
Financial NOMINAL NOMINAL(effective_r Calculates the annual

ate, nominal interest rate
periods_per_year) given the effective rate
and number of
compounding periods
per year. Learn more

NPER(rate, of payment periods for
payment_amount, an investment based
Financial NPER present_value, on constant-amount
rate. Learn more
Calculates the net

present value of an
NPV(discount,
Financial NPV cashflow1,
series of periodic cash
[cashflow2, ...])
flows and a discount
rate. Learn more

periods for an
PDURATION(rate,
investment to reach a
Financial PDURATION present_value,
specific value at a
future_value)
given rate. Learn more
.
Calculates the periodic

PMT(rate, payment for an annuity
Financial PMT present_value, constant-amount
rate. Learn more
Calculates the
payment on the
PPMT(rate, period,
principal of an
number_of_periods,
investment based on
Financial PPMT present_value,
constant-amount
[future_value],
[end_or_beginning])
a constant interest
rate. Learn more
PRICE(settlement, Calculates the price of

maturity, rate, a security paying
yield, redemption, periodic interest, such
Financial PRICE
frequency, as a US Treasury Bond,
[day_count_conventi based on expected
on]) yield. Learn more
PRICEDISC(settlemen Calculates the price of

t, maturity, a discount (non-
discount, interest-bearing)
Financial PRICEDISC
redemption, security, based on
[day_count_conventi expected yield. Learn
on]) more
PRICEMAT(settlement Calculates the price of

, maturity, issue, a security paying
Financial PRICEMAT rate, yield, interest at maturity,
[day_count_conventi based on expected
on]) yield. Learn more
Calculates the present

PV(rate, value of an annuity
Financial PV payment_amount, constant-amount
rate. Learn more
RATE(number_of_peri Calculates the interest

rate of an annuity
ods,
investment based on
payment_per_period,
constant-amount
Financial RATE present_value,
[future_value],
the assumption of a
[end_or_beginning],
constant interest rate.
[rate_guess])
Learn more
Calculates the amount

RECEIVED(settlement
received at maturity
, maturity,
for an investment in
investment,
Financial RECEIVED fixed-income
discount,
securities purchased
[day_count_conventi
on a given date. Learn
on])
more
Returns the interest

rate needed for an
RRI(number_of_perio investment to reach a
Financial RRI ds, present_value, specific value within a
future_value) given number of
periods. Learn more
.
Calculates the
depreciation of an
SLN(cost, salvage, asset for one period
Financial SLN
life) using the straight-line
method. Learn more
Calculates the
depreciation of an
SYD(cost, salvage, asset for a specified
Financial SYD
life, period) period using the sum
of years digits method.
Learn more
Calculates the
equivalent annualized
TBILLEQ(settlement, rate of return of a US
Financial TBILLEQ
maturity, discount) Treasury Bill based on
discount rate. Learn
more
Calculates the price of

TBILLPRICE(settleme
a US Treasury Bill
Financial TBILLPRICE nt, maturity,
based on discount
discount)
rate. Learn more
Calculates the yield of

TBILLYIELD(settleme
a US Treasury Bill
Financial TBILLYIELD nt, maturity,
based on price. Learn
price)
more
Returns the
VDB(cost, salvage,
depreciation of an
life, start_period,
asset for a particular
Financial VDB end_period,
period (or partial
[factor],
period). Learn more
[no_switch])
.
Calculates the internal

rate of return of an
XIRR(cashflow_amoun investment based on a
Financial XIRR ts, cashflow_dates, specified series of
[rate_guess]) potentially irregularly
spaced cash flows.
Learn more
Calculates the net

present value of an
XNPV(discount,
specified series of
Financial XNPV cashflow_amounts,
potentially irregularly
cashflow_dates)
spaced cash flows and
a discount rate. Learn
more
Financial YIELD YIELD(settlement, Calculates the annual

maturity, rate, yield of a security
price, redemption, paying periodic
frequency, interest, such as a US
Treasury Bond, based
[day_count_conventi on price. Learn more
on])
YIELDDISC(settlemen Calculates the annual

t, maturity, price, yield of a discount
Financial YIELDDISC redemption, (non-interest-bearing)
[day_count_conventi security, based on
on]) price. Learn more
YIELDMAT(settlement Calculates the annual

, maturity, issue, yield of a security
Financial YIELDMAT rate, price, paying interest at
[day_count_conventi maturity, based on
on]) price. Learn more
Enables the display of

values returned from
an array formula into
ARRAYFORMULA(array_ multiple rows and/or
Google ARRAYFORMULA
formula) columns and the use
of non-array functions
with arrays. Learn
more
Identifies the language

DETECTLANGUAGE(text used in text within the
Google DETECTLANGUAGE
_or_range) specified range. Learn
more
GOOGLEFINANCE(ticke Fetches current or

r, [attribute], historical securities
Google GOOGLEFINANCE [start_date], information from
[end_date|num_days] Google Finance. Learn
, [interval]) more
GOOGLETRANSLATE(tex
Translates text from
t,
Google GOOGLETRANSLATE one language into
[source_language],
another Learn more
[target_language])
IMAGE(url, [mode], Inserts an image into a

Google IMAGE
[height], [width]) cell. Learn more
Runs a Google
Visualization API Query
QUERY(data, query,
Google QUERY Language query
[headers])
across data. Learn
more
Creates a miniature
SPARKLINE(data, chart contained within
Google SPARKLINE
[options]) a single cell. Learn
more
Returns a number
corresponding to the
ERROR.TYPE(referenc
Info ERROR.TYPE error value in a
e)
different cell. Learn
more
Checks whether the

Info ISBLANK ISBLANK(value) referenced cell is
empty. Learn more
Returns whether a
Info ISDATE ISDATE(value) value is a date. Learn
more.
Checks whether a
value is a valid email
Info ISEMAIL ISEMAIL(value)
address. Learn more
Checks whether a
value is an error other
Info ISERR ISERR(value)
than `#N/A`. Learn
more
Checks whether a
Info ISERROR ISERROR(value) value is an error. Learn
more
Checks whether a
formula is in the
Info ISFORMULA ISFORMULA(cell)
referenced cell. Learn
more
Checks whether a
value is `TRUE` or
Info ISLOGICAL ISLOGICAL(value)
`FALSE`. Learn more
Checks whether a
Info ISNA ISNA(value) value is the error
`#N/A`. Learn more
Checks whether a
Info ISNONTEXT ISNONTEXT(value) value is non-textual.
Learn more
Checks whether a
Info ISNUMBER ISNUMBER(value) value is a number.
Learn more
Checks whether a
value is a valid cell
Info ISREF ISREF(value)
reference. Learn more
Checks whether a
Info ISTEXT ISTEXT(value) value is text. Learn
more
Returns the argument

Info N N(value) provided as a number.
Learn more
Returns the "value not

Info NA NA() available" error,
`#N/A`. Learn more
Returns a number
associated with the
Info TYPE TYPE(value) type of data passed
into the function. Learn
more
Returns the requested

CELL(info_type, information about the
Info CELL
reference) specified cell. Learn
more
Returns true if all of

the provided
AND(logical_express
arguments are logically
ion1,
Logical AND true, and false if any of
[logical_expression
the provided
2, ...])
false. Learn more
Returns the logical

Logical FALSE FALSE() value `FALSE`. Learn
more
Returns one value if a

IF(logical_expressi logical expression is
Logical IF on, value_if_true, `TRUE` and another if
value_if_false) it is `FALSE`. Learn
more
Returns the first

argument if it is not an
error value, otherwise
IFERROR(value, returns the second
Logical IFERROR
[value_if_error]) argument if present, or
a blank if the second
argument is
absent. Learn more
Logical IFNA IFNA(value, Evaluates a value. If

value_if_na) the value is an #N/A
error, returns the
specified value. Learn
more .
Evaluates multiple
IFS(condition1, conditions and returns
value1, a value that
Logical IFS
[condition2, corresponds to the
value2], …) first true condition.
Learn more.
Creates and returns a

custom function with a
set of names and a
formula_expression
that uses them. To
LAMBDA(name, calculate the
Logical LAMBDA
formula_expression) formula_expression,
you can call the
returned function with
as many values as the
name declares. Learn
more
Assigns name with the

value_expression
results and returns the
result of the
formula_expression.
LET(name1, The
formula_expression
value_expression1,
can use the names
[name2, …],
defined in the scope of
Logical LET [value_expression2,
the LET function. The
…],
value_expressions are
formula_expression
evaluated only once in
)
the LET function even
if the following
value_expressions or
the formula_expression
use them multiple
times. Learn more
Returns the opposite

of a logical value -
NOT(logical_express `NOT(TRUE)` returns
Logical NOT
ion) `FALSE`; `NOT(FALSE)`
returns `TRUE`. Learn
more
Logical OR OR(logical_expressi Returns true if any of

on1, the provided
true, and false if all of
[logical_expression the provided
2, ...]) arguments are logically
false. Learn more
Tests an expression
against a list of cases
and returns the
SWITCH(expression,
corresponding value of
case1, value1,
Logical SWITCH the first matching
[default or case2,
case, with an optional
value2], …)
default value if nothing
else is met. Learn more
Returns the logical

Logical TRUE TRUE() value `TRUE`. Learn
more
The XOR function

performs an exclusive
XOR(logical_express
or of 2 numbers that
ion1,
Logical XOR returns a 1 if the
[logical_expression
numbers are different,
2, ...])
and a 0 otherwise.
Learn more .
ADDRESS(row,
column,
Returns a cell
[absolute_relative_
Lookup ADDRESS reference as a string.
mode],
Learn more
[use_a1_notation],
[sheet])
Returns an element
CHOOSE(index,
from a list of choices
Lookup CHOOSE choice1, [choice2,
based on index. Learn
...])
more
Returns the column

COLUMN([cell_refere number of a specified
Lookup COLUMN
nce]) cell, with À=1`. Learn
more

columns in a specified
Lookup COLUMNS COLUMNS(range)
array or range. Learn
more
Returns the formula as

Lookup FORMULATEXT FORMULATEXT(cell) a string. Learn more
.
Lookup GETPIVOTDATA GETPIVOTDATA(value_ Extracts an

name, aggregated value from
any_pivot_table_cel a pivot table that
l, corresponds to the
[original_column, specified row and
...], [pivot_item, column headings.
...] Learn more
Horizontal lookup.
Searches across the
HLOOKUP(search_key, first row of a range for
Lookup HLOOKUP range, index, a key and returns the
[is_sorted]) value of a specified
cell in the column
found. Learn more
Returns the content of

INDEX(reference, a cell, specified by row
Lookup INDEX
[row], [column]) and column offset.
Learn more
INDIRECT(cell_refer Returns a cell

Lookup INDIRECT ence_as_string, reference specified by
[is_A1_notation]) a string. Learn more
Looks through a row or

column for a key and
LOOKUP(search_key, returns the value of
search_range|search the cell in a result
Lookup LOOKUP
_result_array, range located in the
[result_range]) same position as the
search row or column.
Learn more
Returns the relative

MATCH(search_key, position of an item in a
Lookup MATCH range, range that matches a
[search_type]) specified value. Learn
more
Returns a range
reference shifted a
OFFSET(cell_referen
specified number of
ce, offset_rows,
Lookup OFFSET rows and columns from
offset_columns,
a starting cell
[height], [width])
reference. Learn more
Returns the row

ROW([cell_reference
Lookup ROW number of a specified
])
cell. Learn more
Lookup ROWS ROWS(range) Returns the number of

rows in a specified
array or range. Learn
more
Vertical lookup.
Searches down the
VLOOKUP(search_key, first column of a range
Lookup VLOOKUP range, index, for a key and returns
[is_sorted]) the value of a specified
cell in the row found.
Learn more
Returns the values in

XLOOKUP(search_key, the result range based
lookup_range, on the position where
result_range, a match was found in
Lookup XLOOKUP
missing_value, the lookup range. If no
[match_mode], match is found, it
[search_mode]) returns the closest
match. Learn more
Returns the absolute

Math ABS ABS(value) value of a number.
Learn more
Returns the inverse

Math ACOS ACOS(value) cosine of a value, in
radians. Learn more
Returns the inverse

Math ACOSH ACOSH(value) hyperbolic cosine of a
number. Learn more
Returns the inverse

cotangent of a value, in
Math ACOT ACOT(value)
radians. Learn more
.
Returns the inverse

hyperbolic cotangent
of a value, in radians.
Math ACOTH ACOTH(value)
Must not be between
-1 and 1, inclusive.
Learn more .
Returns the inverse

Math ASIN ASIN(value) sine of a value, in
radians. Learn more
Returns the inverse

Math ASINH ASINH(value) hyperbolic sine of a
number. Learn more
Returns the inverse

Math ATAN ATAN(value) tangent of a value, in
radians. Learn more
Returns the angle

between the x-axis
and a line segment
Math ATAN2 ATAN2(x, y) from the origin (0,0) to
specified coordinate
pair (`x`,`y`), in
radians. Learn more
Returns the inverse

Math ATANH ATANH(value) hyperbolic tangent of a
number. Learn more
Converts a number
into a text
BASE(value, base, representation in
Math BASE
[min_length]) another base, for
example, base 2 for
binary. Learn more .
Rounds a number up to
the nearest integer
CEILING(value,
Math CEILING multiple of specified
[factor])
significance. Learn
more
the nearest integer
multiple of specified
CEILING.MATH(number significance, with
Math CEILING.MATH , [significance], negative numbers
[mode]) rounding toward or
away from 0
depending on the
mode. Learn more.
the nearest integer
CEILING.PRECISE(num multiple of specified
Math CEILING.PRECISE ber, significance. If the
[significance]) number is positive or
negative, it is rounded
up. Learn more.

ways to choose some
number of objects
Math COMBIN COMBIN(n, k)
from a pool of a given
size of objects. Learn
more
Math COMBINA COMBINA(n, k) Returns the number of

ways to choose some
number of objects
from a pool of a given
size of objects,
including ways that
choose the same
object multiple times.
Learn more .
Returns the cosine of

Math COS COS(angle) an angle provided in
radians. Learn more

Math COSH COSH(value) cosine of any real
number. Learn more
Cotangent of an angle
Math COT COT(angle) provided in radians.
Learn more .

cotangent of any real
Math COTH COTH(value)
number. Learn more
.

Math COUNTBLANK COUNTBLANK(range) empty cells in a given
range. Learn more
Returns a conditional
COUNTIF(range,
Math COUNTIF count across a range.
criterion)
Learn more
COUNTIFS(criteria_r Returns the count of a

ange1, criterion1, range depending on
Math COUNTIFS
[criteria_range2, multiple criteria. Learn
criterion2, ...]) more
Counts the number of

COUNTUNIQUE(value1, unique values in a list
Math COUNTUNIQUE
[value2, ...]) of specified values and
ranges. Learn more
Returns the cosecant

of an angle provided in
Math CSC CSC(angle)
radians. Learn more
.
The CSCH function

returns the hyperbolic
Math CSCH CSCH(value) cosecant of any real
number. Learn more
.
Math DECIMAL DECIMAL(value, The DECIMAL function

base) converts the text
representation of a
number in another
base, to base 10
(decimal). Learn more
.
Converts an angle
value in radians to
Math DEGREES DEGREES(angle)
degrees. Learn more
Returns the
complementary Gauss
Math ERFC ERFC(z)
error function of a
value. Learn more
Math ERFC.PRECISE ERFC.PRECISE(z) See ERFC
Math EVEN EVEN(value) the nearest even
integer. Learn more
Returns Euler's
number, e (~2.718)
Math EXP EXP(exponent)
raised to a power.
Learn more
Returns the factorial of

Math FACT FACT(value) a number. Learn more
Returns the "double

Math FACTDOUBLE FACTDOUBLE(value) factorial" of a number.
Learn more
Rounds a number
down to the nearest
FLOOR(value,
Math FLOOR integer multiple of
[factor])
specified significance.
Learn more
Rounds a number
down to the nearest
integer multiple of
FLOOR.MATH(number, specified significance,
Math FLOOR.MATH [significance], with negative numbers
[mode]) rounding toward or
away from 0
depending on the
mode. Learn more.
Math FLOOR.PRECISE FLOOR.PRECISE(numbe The FLOOR.PRECISE

r, [significance]) function rounds a
number down to the
nearest integer or
multiple of specified
significance. Learn
more .
Returns the the

logarithm of a
specified Gamma
Math GAMMALN GAMMALN(value)
function, base e
(Euler's number).
Learn more
GAMMALN.PRECISE(val
Math GAMMALN.PRECISE See GAMMALN
ue)
Returns the greatest

common divisor of one
Math GCD GCD(value1, value2)
or more integers. Learn
more

of a complex number,
Math IMLN IMLN(complex_value) base e (Euler's
number). Learn more
Returns a complex
IMPOWER(complex_bas
Math IMPOWER number raised to a
e, exponent)
power. Learn more
Computes the square

IMSQRT(complex_numb
Math IMSQRT root of a complex
er)
number. Learn more
Rounds a number
down to the nearest
Math INT INT(value) integer that is less than
or equal to it. Learn
more
Checks whether the

Math ISEVEN ISEVEN(value) provided value is even.
Learn more
ISO.CEILING(number, See CEILING.PRECISE

Math ISO.CEILING
[significance])
Checks whether the

Math ISODD ISODD(value) provided value is odd.
Learn more
Returns the least

common multiple of
Math LCM LCM(value1, value2)
one or more integers.
Learn more
Returns the the

logarithm of a number,
Math LN LN(value) base e (Euler's
number). Learn more
Returns the the

logarithm of a number
Math LOG LOG(value, base)
given a base. Learn
more
Returns the the

logarithm of a number,
Math LOG10 LOG10(value)
base 10. Learn more
Returns the result of

the modulo operator,
MOD(dividend,
Math MOD the remainder after a
divisor)
division operation.
Learn more
Rounds one number to

the nearest integer
MROUND(value,
Math MROUND multiple of
factor)
another. Learn more
Returns the factorial of

the sum of values
MULTINOMIAL(value1, divided by the product
Math MULTINOMIAL
value2) of the values'
factorials. Learn more
Returns a unit matrix of

size dimension x
Math MUNIT MUNIT(dimension)
dimension. Learn more
.
Math ODD ODD(value) the nearest odd
integer. Learn more
Returns the value of Pi

Math PI PI() to 14 decimal places.
Learn more
Returns a number
POWER(base,
Math POWER raised to a power.
exponent)
Learn more
Math PRODUCT PRODUCT(factor1, Returns the result of

[factor2, ...]) multiplying a series of
numbers together.
Learn more
Returns one number

QUOTIENT(dividend,
Math QUOTIENT divided by another.
divisor)
Learn more
Converts an angle
Math RADIANS RADIANS(angle) value in degrees to
radians. Learn more
Returns a random
number between 0
Math RAND RAND() inclusive and 1
exclusive. Learn more
Generates an array of
RANDARRAY(rows, random numbers
Math RANDARRAY
columns) between 0 and 1. Learn
more .
Returns a uniformly
random integer
RANDBETWEEN(low,
Math RANDBETWEEN between two values,
high)
inclusive. Learn more
Rounds a number to a
certain number of
ROUND(value,
Math ROUND decimal places
[places])
according to standard
rules. Learn more
certain number of
ROUNDDOWN(value, decimal places, always
Math ROUNDDOWN
[places]) rounding down to the
next valid increment.
Learn more
certain number of
ROUNDUP(value, decimal places, always
Math ROUNDUP
[places]) rounding up to the
next valid increment.
Learn more
The SEC function

returns the secant of
Math SEC SEC(angle) an angle, measured in
radians. Learn more
.
The SECH function

returns the hyperbolic
Math SECH SECH(value)
secant of an angle.
Learn more
Returns an array of
SEQUENCE(rows,
sequential numbers,
Math SEQUENCE columns, start,
such as 1, 2, 3, 4. Learn
step)
more .
Given parameters x, n,
m, and a, returns the
power series sum a1xn
SERIESSUM(x, n, m, + a2x(n+m) + ... + aix(n+(i-
Math SERIESSUM 1)m), where i is the
a)
number of entries in
range à`. Learn more
Given an input number,

returns `-1` if it is
Math SIGN SIGN(value) negative, `1` if positive,
and `0` if it is zero.
Learn more
Returns the sine of an

Math SIN SIN(angle) angle provided in
radians. Learn more

Math SINH SINH(value) sine of any real
number. Learn more
Returns the positive

square root of a
Math SQRT SQRT(value)
positive number. Learn
more
Returns the positive

square root of the
Math SQRTPI SQRTPI(value) product of Pi and the
given positive number.
Learn more
Returns a subtotal for a

SUBTOTAL(function_c vertical range of cells
Math SUBTOTAL ode, range1, using a specified
[range2, ...]) aggregation function.
Learn more

SUM(value1, series of numbers
Math SUM
[value2, ...]) and/or cells. Learn
more
SUMIF(range, Returns a conditional

Math SUMIF criterion, sum across a
[sum_range]) range. Learn more
SUMIFS(sum_range,
criteria_range1,
range depending on
Math SUMIFS criterion1,
multiple criteria. Learn
[criteria_range2,
more
criterion2, ...])
Returns the sum of the

SUMSQ(value1, squares of a series of
Math SUMSQ
[value2, ...]) numbers and/or cells.
Learn more
Returns the tangent of

Math TAN TAN(angle) an angle provided in
radians. Learn more

Math TANH TANH(value) tangent of any real
number. Learn more
Truncates a number to
a certain number of
TRUNC(value, significant digits by
Math TRUNC
[places]) omitting less
significant digits. Learn
more
Returns the sum of two

numbers. Equivalent to
Operator ADD ADD(value1, value2)
the `+` operator. Learn
more
Returns the
concatenation of two
CONCAT(value1,
Operator CONCAT values. Equivalent to
value2)
the `&` operator. Learn
more
Returns one number

divided by another.
DIVIDE(dividend,
Operator DIVIDE Equivalent to the `/`
divisor)
operator. Learn more
Returns `TRUE` if two

specified values are
equal and `FALSE`
Operator EQ EQ(value1, value2)
otherwise. Equivalent
to the `=` operator.
Learn more
Returns `TRUE` if the

first argument is
strictly greater than
the second, and
Operator GT GT(value1, value2)
`FALSE` otherwise.
Equivalent to the `>`

first argument is
greater than or equal
to the second, and
Operator GTE GTE(value1, value2)
`FALSE` otherwise.
Equivalent to the `>=`
ISBETWEEN(value_to_
Checks whether a
compare,
provided number is
lower_value,
between two other
upper_value,
Operator ISBETWEEN numbers either
lower_value_is_incl
inclusively or
usive,
exclusively. Learn more
upper_value_is_incl
usive)

first argument is
strictly less than the
Operator LT LT(value1, value2) second, and `FALSE`
to the `<` operator.
Learn more

first argument is less
than or equal to the
Operator LTE LTE(value1, value2) second, and `FALSE`
to the `<=` operator.
Learn more

of two numbers.
MINUS(value1,
Operator MINUS Equivalent to the `-`
value2)
Operator MULTIPLY MULTIPLY(factor1, Returns the product of

factor2) two numbers.
Equivalent to the `*`
Returns `TRUE` if two

specified values are
not equal and `FALSE`
Operator NE NE(value1, value2)
to the `<>` operator.
Learn more
Returns a number
Operator POW POW(base, exponent) raised to a power.
Learn more
Returns a number with

Operator UMINUS UMINUS(value) the sign reversed.
Learn more
Returns a value
interpreted as a
UNARY_PERCENT(perce percentage; that is,
Operator UNARY_PERCENT
ntage) ÙNARY_PERCENT(100
)` equals `1`. Learn
more
Returns unique rows in

the provided source
range, discarding
UNIQUE(range,
duplicates. Rows are
Operator UNIQUE by_column,
returned in the order in
exactly_once)
which they first appear
in the source range.
Learn more
Returns a specified
number,
Operator UPLUS UPLUS(value)
unchanged. Learn
more
Converts a numeric
CONVERT(value,
value to a different unit
Parser CONVERT start_unit,
of measure. Learn
end_unit)
more
Converts a provided
Parser TO_DATE TO_DATE(value) number to a date.
Learn more
Converts a provided
Parser TO_DOLLARS TO_DOLLARS(value) number to a dollar
value. Learn more
Parser TO_PERCENT TO_PERCENT(value) Converts a provided

number to a
percentage. Learn
more
Converts a provided
date/time, percentage,
currency or other
TO_PURE_NUMBER(valu
Parser TO_PURE_NUMBER formatted numeric
e)
value to a pure number
without formatting.
Learn more
Converts a provided
Parser TO_TEXT TO_TEXT(value) numeric value to a text
value. Learn more
Calculates the average

of the magnitudes of
AVEDEV(value1,
Statistical AVEDEV deviations of data from
[value2, ...])
a dataset's mean.
Learn more
Returns the numerical

AVERAGE(value1, average value in a
Statistical AVERAGE
[value2, ...]) dataset, ignoring text.
Learn more
AVERAGE.WEIGHTED(va Finds the weighted

average of a set of
lues, weights,
values, given the
[additional
Statistical AVERAGE.WEIGHTED values and the
values],
corresponding
[additional
weights. Learn more
weights])
.
Returns the numerical

AVERAGEA(value1,
Statistical AVERAGEA average value in a
[value2, ...])
dataset. Learn more
AVERAGEIF(criteria_ Returns the average of

Statistical AVERAGEIF range, criterion, a range depending on
[average_range]) criteria. Learn more
AVERAGEIFS(average_
range, Returns the average of
criteria_range1, a range depending on
Statistical AVERAGEIFS
criterion1, multiple criteria. Learn
[criteria_range2, more
criterion2, ...])
Statistical BETA.DIST BETA.DIST(value, Returns the probability

alpha, beta, of a given value as
cumulative, defined by the beta
distribution function.
Learn more .
lower_bound,
upper_bound)
Returns the value of

BETA.INV(probabilit
the inverse beta
y, alpha, beta,
Statistical BETA.INV distribution function
lower_bound,
for a given probability.
upper_bound)
Learn more.
BETADIST(value,
alpha, beta,
Statistical BETADIST See BETA.DIST .
lower_bound,
upper_bound)
BETAINV(probability
, alpha, beta,
Statistical BETAINV See BETA.INV
lower_bound,
upper_bound)
BINOM.DIST(num_succ
esses, num_trials,
Statistical BINOM.DIST See BINOMDIST
prob_success,
cumulative)
BINOM.INV(num_trial
Statistical BINOM.INV s, prob_success, See CRITBINOM
target_prob)
Calculates the
probability of drawing
a certain number of
successes (or a
maximum number of
BINOMDIST(num_succe
successes) in a certain
sses, num_trials,
Statistical BINOMDIST number of tries given a
prob_success,
population of a certain
cumulative)
size containing a
certain number of
successes, with
replacement of draws.
Learn more
Calculates the right-

tailed chi-squared
CHIDIST(x,
Statistical CHIDIST distribution, often used
degrees_freedom)
in hypothesis testing.
Learn more
Calculates the inverse

CHIINV(probability, of the right-tailed chi-
Statistical CHIINV
degrees_freedom) squared distribution.
Learn more
Calculates the left-

CHISQ.DIST(x, tailed chi-squared
Statistical CHISQ.DIST degrees_freedom, distribution, often used
cumulative) in hypothesis testing.
Learn more

tailed chi-squared
CHISQ.DIST.RT(x, distribution, which is
Statistical CHISQ.DIST.RT
degrees_freedom) commonly used in
hypothesis testing.
Learn more

CHISQ.INV(probabili
of the left-tailed chi-
Statistical CHISQ.INV ty,
squared distribution.
degrees_freedom)
Learn more

CHISQ.INV.RT(probab
of the right-tailed chi-
Statistical CHISQ.INV.RT ility,
squared distribution.
degrees_freedom)
Learn more
CHISQ.TEST(observed
Statistical CHISQ.TEST _range, See CHITEST
expected_range)
Returns the probability

associated with a
Pearson’s chi-squared
test on the two ranges
CHITEST(observed_ra
of data. Determines
Statistical CHITEST nge,
the likelihood that the
expected_range)
observed categorical
data is drawn from an
expected distribution.
Learn more
CONFIDENCE(alpha, See
Statistical CONFIDENCE standard_deviation, CONFIDENCE.NORM
pop_size)
Calculates the width of

CONFIDENCE.NORM(alp
half the confidence
ha,
Statistical CONFIDENCE.NORM interval for a normal
standard_deviation,
distribution. Learn
pop_size)
more .
Calculates the width of

CONFIDENCE.T(alpha, half the confidence
Statistical CONFIDENCE.T standard_deviation, interval for a Student’s
size) t-distribution. Learn
more .
Calculates r, the
Pearson product-
CORREL(data_y,
Statistical CORREL moment correlation
data_x)
coefficient of a
dataset. Learn more
Returns a count of the

COUNT(value1, number of numeric
Statistical COUNT
[value2, ...]) values in a dataset.
Learn more
Returns a count of the

COUNTA(value1,
Statistical COUNTA number of values in a
[value2, ...])
dataset. Learn more
Calculates the
COVAR(data_y,
Statistical COVAR covariance of a
data_x)
dataset. Learn more
COVARIANCE.P(data_y
Statistical COVARIANCE.P See COVAR
, data_x)
Calculates the
covariance of a
COVARIANCE.S(data_y dataset, where the
Statistical COVARIANCE.S
, data_x) dataset is a sample of
the total population.
Learn more .
Calculates the smallest

value for which the
CRITBINOM(num_trial cumulative binomial
Statistical CRITBINOM s, prob_success, distribution is greater
target_prob) than or equal to a
specified criteria.
Learn more

DEVSQ(value1, squares of deviations
Statistical DEVSQ
value2) based on a sample.
Learn more

the exponential
EXPON.DIST(x, distribution function
Statistical EXPON.DIST
LAMBDA, cumulative) with a specified
LAMBDA at a specified
value. Learn more .
EXPONDIST(x,
Statistical EXPONDIST See EXPON.DIST
LAMBDA, cumulative)
Statistical F.DIST F.DIST(x, Calculates the left-

degrees_freedom1, tailed F probability
degrees_freedom2, distribution (degree of
cumulative) diversity) for two data
sets with given input x.
Alternately called
Fisher-Snedecor
distribution or
Snedecor's F
distribution. Learn
more

tailed F probability
distribution (degree of
diversity) for two data
F.DIST.RT(x, sets with given input x.
Statistical F.DIST.RT degrees_freedom1, Alternately called
degrees_freedom2) Fisher-Snedecor
distribution or
Snedecor's F
distribution. Learn
more

of the left-tailed F
probability distribution.
F.INV(probability,
Also called the Fisher-
Statistical F.INV degrees_freedom1,
Snedecor distribution
degrees_freedom2)
or Snedecor’s F
distribution. Learn
more

of the right-tailed F
F.INV.RT(probabilit probability distribution.
y, Also called the Fisher-
Statistical F.INV.RT
degrees_freedom1, Snedecor distribution
degrees_freedom2) or Snedecor’s F
distribution. Learn
more
F.TEST(range1,
Statistical F.TEST See FTEST.
range2)
FDIST(x,
Statistical FDIST degrees_freedom1, See F.DIST.RT .
degrees_freedom2)
FINV(probability,
Statistical FINV degrees_freedom1, See F.INV.RT
degrees_freedom2)
Statistical FISHER FISHER(value) Returns the Fisher

transformation of a
more
Returns the inverse

Fisher transformation
Statistical FISHERINV FISHERINV(value)
of a specified value.
Learn more
Calculates the
expected y-value for a
FORECAST(x, data_y,
Statistical FORECAST specified x based on a
data_x)
linear regression of a
dataset. Learn more
FORECAST.LINEAR(x,
Statistical FORECAST.LINEAR See FORECAST
data_y, data_x)

associated with an F-
test for equality of
variances. Determines
FTEST(range1,
Statistical FTEST whether two samples
range2)
are likely to have come
from populations with
the same variance.
Learn more
Returns the Gamma

function evaluated at
Statistical GAMMA GAMMA(number)
the specified value.
Learn more .
Calculates the gamma

GAMMA.DIST(x, distribution, a two-
Statistical GAMMA.DIST alpha, beta, parameter continuous
cumulative) probability distribution.
Learn more
The GAMMA.INV
function returns the
value of the inverse
gamma cumulative
GAMMA.INV(probabili
Statistical GAMMA.INV distribution function
ty, alpha, beta)
for the specified
probability and alpha
and beta parameters.
Learn more .
GAMMADIST(x, alpha,
Statistical GAMMADIST See GAMMA.DIST
beta, cumulative)
GAMMAINV(probabilit
Statistical GAMMAINV See GAMMA.INV .
y, alpha, beta)
The GAUSS function

returns the probability
that a random variable,
drawn from a normal
Statistical GAUSS GAUSS(z) distribution, will be
between the mean and
z standard deviations
above (or below) the
mean. Learn more .
Calculates the
GEOMEAN(value1,
Statistical GEOMEAN geometric mean of a
value2)
dataset. Learn more
Calculates the
HARMEAN(value1,
Statistical HARMEAN harmonic mean of a
value2)
dataset. Learn more
HYPGEOM.DIST(num_su
ccesses, num_draws,
Statistical HYPGEOM.DIST See HYPGEOMDIST
successes_in_pop,
pop_size)
Calculates the
a certain number of
successes in a certain
HYPGEOMDIST(num_suc
number of tries given a
cesses, num_draws,
Statistical HYPGEOMDIST population of a certain
successes_in_pop,
size containing a
pop_size)
certain number of
successes, without
replacement of draws.
Learn more
Calculates the y-value

at which the line
INTERCEPT(data_y, resulting from linear
Statistical INTERCEPT
data_x) regression of a dataset
will intersect the y-axis
(x=0). Learn more
Calculates the kurtosis

of a dataset, which
KURT(value1, describes the shape,
Statistical KURT
value2) and in particular the
"peakedness" of that
dataset. Learn more
Returns the nth largest

element from a data
Statistical LARGE LARGE(data, n)
set, where n is user-
defined. Learn more

the inverse log-normal
cumulative distribution
LOGINV(x, mean,
Statistical LOGINV with given mean and
standard_deviation)
standard deviation at a
more
LOGNORM.DIST(x,
Statistical LOGNORM.DIST mean, See LOGNORMDIST
standard_deviation)
LOGNORM.INV(x,
Statistical LOGNORM.INV mean, See LOGINV
standard_deviation)

the log-normal
LOGNORMDIST(x, cumulative distribution
Statistical LOGNORMDIST mean, with given mean and
standard_deviation) standard deviation at a
more
Calculates the amount

of random sampling
MARGINOFERROR(range error given a range of
Statistical MARGINOFERROR
, confidence) values and a
confidence level. Learn
more
Returns the maximum

MAX(value1,
Statistical MAX value in a numeric
[value2, ...])
dataset. Learn more
Returns the maximum

MAXA(value1,
Statistical MAXA numeric value in a
value2)
dataset. Learn more
MAXIFS(range, Returns the maximum

criteria_range1, value in a range of
Statistical MAXIFS criterion1, cells, filtered by a set
[criteria_range2, of criteria. Learn more.
criterion2], …)
Returns the median

MEDIAN(value1,
Statistical MEDIAN value in a numeric
[value2, ...])
dataset. Learn more
Returns the minimum

MIN(value1,
Statistical MIN value in a numeric
[value2, ...])
dataset. Learn more
Returns the minimum

MINA(value1,
Statistical MINA numeric value in a
value2)
dataset. Learn more
MINIFS(range, Returns the minimum

criteria_range1, value in a range of
Statistical MINIFS criterion1, cells, filtered by a set
[criteria_range2, of criteria. Learn more.
criterion2], …)
Returns the most

MODE(value1, commonly occurring
Statistical MODE
[value2, ...]) value in a dataset.
Learn more
Returns the most

commonly occurring
MODE.MULT(value1,
Statistical MODE.MULT values in a
value2)
dataset. Learn more
.
MODE.SNGL(value1,
Statistical MODE.SNGL See MODE
[value2, ...])
NEGBINOM.DIST(num_f
ailures, See NEGBINOMDIST
Statistical NEGBINOM.DIST
num_successes,
prob_success)
Calculates the
a certain number of
NEGBINOMDIST(num_fa
failures before a
ilures,
Statistical NEGBINOMDIST certain number of
num_successes,
successes given a
prob_success)
probability of success
in independent trials.
Learn more
NORM.DIST(x, mean,
Statistical NORM.DIST standard_deviation, See NORMDIST
cumulative)
NORM.INV(x, mean,
Statistical NORM.INV See NORMINV
standard_deviation)
Statistical NORM.S.DIST NORM.S.DIST(x) See NORMSDIST
Statistical NORM.S.INV NORM.S.INV(x) See NORMSINV
Statistical NORMDIST NORMDIST(x, mean, Returns the value of

standard_deviation, the normal distribution
cumulative) function (or normal
cumulative distribution
function) for a
specified value, mean,
and standard
deviation. Learn more

the inverse normal
distribution function
NORMINV(x, mean,
Statistical NORMINV for a specified value,
standard_deviation)
mean, and standard
deviation. Learn more

the standard normal
Statistical NORMSDIST NORMSDIST(x) cumulative distribution
function for a specified
value. Learn more

the inverse standard
Statistical NORMSINV NORMSINV(x) normal distribution
function for a specified
value. Learn more
Calculates r, the
Pearson product-
PEARSON(data_y,
Statistical PEARSON moment correlation
data_x)
coefficient of a
dataset. Learn more
Returns the value at a

PERCENTILE(data,
Statistical PERCENTILE given percentile of a
percentile)
dataset. Learn more
Returns the value at a

PERCENTILE.EXC(data given percentile of a
Statistical PERCENTILE.EXC
, percentile) dataset, exclusive of 0
and 1. Learn more .
PERCENTILE.INC(data
Statistical PERCENTILE.INC See PERCENTILE
, percentile)
Returns the
PERCENTRANK(data,
percentage rank
value,
Statistical PERCENTRANK (percentile) of a
[significant_digits
specified value in a
])
dataset. Learn more
Statistical PERCENTRANK.EXC PERCENTRANK.EXC(dat Returns the

a, value, percentage rank
[significant_digits (percentile) from 0 to 1
]) exclusive of a specified
value in a
dataset. Learn more
Returns the
PERCENTRANK.INC(dat percentage rank
a, value, (percentile) from 0 to 1
Statistical PERCENTRANK.INC
[significant_digits inclusive of a specified
]) value in a dataset.
Learn more

permutations for
selecting a group of
PERMUTATIONA(number objects (with
Statistical PERMUTATIONA
, number_chosen) replacement) from a
total number of
objects. Learn more
.

ways to choose some
number of objects
Statistical PERMUT PERMUT(n, k) from a pool of a given
size of objects,
considering order.
Learn more
The PHI function

returns the value of
the normal distribution
Statistical PHI PHI(x)
with mean 0 and
standard deviation 1.
Learn more .
POISSON(x, mean,
Statistical POISSON See POISSON.DIST
cumulative)

the Poisson
distribution function
POISSON.DIST(x, (or Poisson cumulative
Statistical POISSON.DIST
mean, [cumulative]) distribution function)
for a specified value
and mean. Learn more
.
Statistical PROB PROB(data, Given a set of values

probabilities, and corresponding
low_limit, probabilities,
[high_limit]) calculates the
probability that a value
chosen at random falls
between two limits.
Learn more
Returns a value
QUARTILE(data, nearest to a specified
Statistical QUARTILE
quartile_number) quartile of a dataset.
Learn more
Returns value nearest

QUARTILE.EXC(data, to a given quartile of a
Statistical QUARTILE.EXC
quartile_number) dataset, exclusive of 0
and 4. Learn more .
QUARTILE.INC(data,
Statistical QUARTILE.INC See QUARTILE
quartile_number)
Returns the rank of a

RANK(value, data,
Statistical RANK specified value in a
[is_ascending])
dataset. Learn more

dataset. If there is
RANK.AVG(value, more than one entry of
Statistical RANK.AVG data, the same value in the
[is_ascending]) dataset, the average
rank of the entries will
be returned. Learn
more

dataset. If there is
RANK.EQ(value, more than one entry of
Statistical RANK.EQ data, the same value in the
[is_ascending]) dataset, the top rank
of the entries will be
returned. Learn more
Calculates the square

of r, the Pearson
product-moment
Statistical RSQ RSQ(data_y, data_x)
correlation coefficient
of a dataset. Learn
more
Calculates the
skewness of a dataset,
SKEW(value1, which describes the
Statistical SKEW
value2) symmetry of that
dataset about the
mean. Learn more
Calculates the
skewness of a dataset
SKEW.P(value1, that represents the
Statistical SKEW.P
value2) entire
population. Learn more
.
Calculates the slope of

SLOPE(data_y, the line resulting from
Statistical SLOPE
data_x) linear regression of a
dataset. Learn more
Returns the nth

smallest element from
Statistical SMALL SMALL(data, n) a data set, where n is
user-defined. Learn
more
Calculates the
normalized equivalent
STANDARDIZE(value, of a random variable
Statistical STANDARDIZE mean, given mean and
standard_deviation) standard deviation of
the distribution. Learn
more
Calculates the
STDEV(value1, standard deviation
Statistical STDEV
[value2, ...]) based on a sample.
Learn more
STDEV.P(value1,
Statistical STDEV.P See STDEVP
[value2, ...])
STDEV.S(value1,
Statistical STDEV.S See STDEV
[value2, ...])
Calculates the
standard deviation
STDEVA(value1, based on a sample,
Statistical STDEVA
value2) setting text to the
value `0`. Learn more
Calculates the
standard deviation
STDEVP(value1,
Statistical STDEVP based on an entire
value2)
population. Learn more
Statistical STDEVPA STDEVPA(value1, Calculates the

value2) standard deviation
based on an entire
population, setting text
to the value `0`. Learn
more
Calculates the
standard error of the
STEYX(data_y, predicted y-value for
Statistical STEYX
data_x) each x in the
regression of a
dataset. Learn more
Returns the right tailed

T.DIST(x,
Student distribution for
Statistical T.DIST degrees_freedom,
a value x. Learn more
cumulative)
.
Returns the two tailed

T.DIST.2T(x, Student distribution for
Statistical T.DIST.2T
degrees_freedom) a value x. Learn more
.
Returns the right tailed

T.DIST.RT(x, Student distribution for
Statistical T.DIST.RT
degrees_freedom) a value x. Learn more
.
Calculates the
negative inverse of the
T.INV(probability,
Statistical T.INV one-tailed TDIST
degrees_freedom)
function. Learn more

T.INV.2T(probabilit of the two-tailed TDIST
Statistical T.INV.2T
y, degrees_freedom) function. Learn more

associated with
Student's t-test.
Determines whether
T.TEST(range1,
two samples are likely
Statistical T.TEST range2, tails,
to have come from the
type)
same two underlying
populations that have
the same mean. Learn
more .
Calculates the
TDIST(x, probability for
Statistical TDIST degrees_freedom, Student's t-distribution
tails) with a given input (x).
Learn more
TINV(probability,
Statistical TINV See T.INV.2T
degrees_freedom)
Calculates the mean of

a dataset excluding
TRIMMEAN(data, some proportion of
Statistical TRIMMEAN
exclude_proportion) data from the high and
low ends of the
dataset. Learn more
TTEST(range1,
Statistical TTEST range2, tails, See T.TEST .
type)
Calculates the
VAR(value1,
Statistical VAR variance based on a
[value2, ...])
sample. Learn more
VAR.P(value1,
Statistical VAR.P See VARP
[value2, ...])
VAR.S(value1,
Statistical VAR.S See VAR
[value2, ...])
Calculates an estimate
of variance based on a
VARA(value1,
Statistical VARA sample, setting text to
value2)
the value `0`. Learn
more
Calculates the
VARP(value1, variance based on an
Statistical VARP
value2) entire population.
Learn more
Calculates the
variance based on an
VARPA(value1, entire population,
Statistical VARPA
value2,...) setting text to the
value `0`. Learn more

the Weibull distribution
function (or Weibull
WEIBULL(x, shape,
Statistical WEIBULL cumulative distribution
scale, cumulative)
function) for a
specified shape and
scale. Learn more
WEIBULL.DIST(x,
Statistical WEIBULL.DIST shape, scale, See WEIBULL
cumulative)
Returns the one-tailed

Z.TEST(data, value, P-value of a Z-test
Statistical Z.TEST [standard_deviation with standard
]) distribution. Learn
more .
ZTEST(data, value,
Statistical ZTEST [standard_deviation See Z.TEST .
])
Computes the value of

ARABIC(roman_numera
Text ARABIC a Roman numeral.
l)
Learn more
Converts full-width
ASCII and katakana
characters to their
half-width
Text ASC ASC(text) counterparts. All
standard-width
characters will remain
unchanged. Learn
more.
Convert a number into

a character according
Text CHAR CHAR(table_number)
to the current Unicode
table. Learn more
Returns the text with

the non-printable
Text CLEAN CLEAN(text) ASCII characters
removed. Learn more
Returns the numeric

Unicode map value of
the first character in
Text CODE CODE(string)
the string
provided. Learn more
Appends strings to one

CONCATENATE(string1
Text CONCATENATE another. Learn more
, [string2, ...])
Formats a number into

DOLLAR(number, the locale-specific
Text DOLLAR
[number_of_places]) currency format. Learn
more
Tests whether two

EXACT(string1,
Text EXACT strings are identical.
string2)
Learn more
Returns the position at

FIND(search_for,
which a string is first
Text FIND text_to_search,
found within text.
[starting_at])
Learn more

FINDB(search_for,
found within text
Text FINDB text_to_search,
counting each double-
[starting_at])
character as 2. Learn
more
FIXED(number, Formats a number with

[number_of_places], a fixed number of
Text FIXED
[suppress_separator decimal places. Learn
]) more
Concatenates the
JOIN(delimiter, elements of one or
value_or_array1, more one-dimensional
Text JOIN
[value_or_array2, arrays using a
...]) specified delimiter.
Learn more
Returns a substring
LEFT(string,
from the beginning of
Text LEFT [number_of_characte
a specified string.
rs])
Learn more
Returns the left portion

LEFTB(string, of a string up to a
Text LEFTB
num_of_bytes) certain number of
bytes. Learn more .
Returns the length of a

Text LEN LEN(text)
string. Learn more
Returns the length of a

Text LENB LENB(string) string in bytes." Learn
more .
Converts a specified
Text LOWER LOWER(text) string to lowercase.
Learn more
MID(string,
Returns a segment of a
Text MID starting_at,
string. Learn more
extract_length)
Text MIDB MIDB(string) Returns a section of a

string starting at a
given character and up
to a specified number
of bytes. Learn more
.
Capitalizes each word

PROPER(text_to_capi
Text PROPER in a specified string.
talize)
Learn more
Extracts matching
substrings according
REGEXEXTRACT(text,
Text REGEXEXTRACT to a regular
regular_expression)
expression. Learn more
Whether a piece of
REGEXMATCH(text, text matches a regular
Text REGEXMATCH
regular_expression) expression. Learn more
Replaces part of a text

REGEXREPLACE(text, string with a different
Text REGEXREPLACE regular_expression, text string using
replacement) regular expressions.
Learn more

REPLACE(text,
string with a different
Text REPLACE position, length,
text string. Learn more
new_text)

REPLACEB(text,
string, based on a
position,
Text REPLACEB number of bytes, with
num_bytes,
a different text
new_text)
string. Learn more .
REPT(text_to_repeat
Returns specified text
,
Text REPT repeated a number of
number_of_repetitio
times. Learn more
ns)
Returns a substring
RIGHT(string,
from the end of a
Text RIGHT [number_of_characte
specified string. Learn
rs])
more
Returns the right

RIGHTB(string, portion of a string up
Text RIGHTB
num_of_bytes) to a certain number of
bytes. Learn more .
Formats a number in
ROMAN(number,
Text ROMAN Roman numerals.
[rule_relaxation])
Learn more

SEARCH(search_for,
Text SEARCH text_to_search,
found within text.
[starting_at])
Learn more

SEARCHB(search_for,
found within text
Text SEARCHB text_to_search,
counting each double-
[starting_at])
character as 2. Learn
more
Divides text around a

SPLIT(text,
specified character or
delimiter,
string, and puts each
Text SPLIT [split_by_each],
fragment into a
[remove_empty_text]
separate cell in the
)
row. Learn more
SUBSTITUTE(text_to_
search, search_for, Replaces existing text
Text SUBSTITUTE replace_with, with new text in a
[occurrence_number] string. Learn more
)
Returns string
Text T T(value) arguments as text.
Learn more
Converts a number
TEXT(number, into text according to a
Text TEXT
format) specified format. Learn
more
Combines the text

from multiple strings
TEXTJOIN(delimiter, and/or arrays, with a
Text TEXTJOIN ignore_empty, specifiable delimiter
text1, [text2], …) separating the
different texts. Learn
more.
Removes leading and

trailing spaces in a
Text TRIM TRIM(text)
specified string. Learn
more
Returns the Unicode

character for a
Text UNICHAR UNICHAR(number)
number. Learn more
.
Text UNICODE UNICODE(text) Returns the decimal

Unicode value of the
first character of the
text. Learn more.
Converts a specified
Text UPPER UPPER(text) string to uppercase.
Learn more
Converts a string in
any of the date, time or
number formats that
Text VALUE VALUE(text)
Google Sheets
understands into a
number. Learn more
Encodes a string of
text for the purpose of
Web ENCODEURL ENCODEURL(text)
using in a URL
query. Learn more .
Creates a hyperlink
HYPERLINK(url,
Web HYPERLINK inside a cell. Learn
[link_label])
more
Imports data at a given

url in .csv (comma-
separated value) or
Web IMPORTDATA IMPORTDATA(url)
.tsv (tab-separated
value) format. Learn
more
IMPORTFEED(url,
Imports a RSS or ATOM
Web IMPORTFEED [query], [headers],
feed. Learn more
[num_items])
Imports data from a

IMPORTHTML(url, table or list within an
Web IMPORTHTML
query, index) HTML page. Learn
more
Imports a range of
IMPORTRANGE(spreads
cells from a specified
Web IMPORTRANGE heet_url,
spreadsheet. Learn
range_string)
more
Imports data from any

of various structured
data types including
IMPORTXML(url,
Web IMPORTXML XML, HTML, CSV, TSV,
xpath_query)
and RSS and ATOM
XML feeds. Learn more
Web ISURL ISURL(value) Checks whether a

value is a valid URL.
Learn more
Tip: You can't use some functions from other spreadsheet programs. Learn more about
unsupported functions in Sheets.
This document contains modified content from Appendix B of the OpenOffice.org "Calc Guide,"
available at https://wiki.openoffice.org/w/images/b/b3/0300CS3-CalcGuide.pdf. This content is
licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, version 2.0, available at
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode.
We have made slight modifications to syntax and descriptions to fit the format of this table and
match the functions' implementation and use in Google spreadsheets.
The copyright notice found in the OpenOffice.org "Calc Guide" is included in its complete form
below.
Copyright
This document is Copyright © 2005 by its contributors as listed in the section titled Authors. You
can distribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU General Public License,
version 2 or later (https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html), or the Creative Commons Attribution
License, version 2.0 or later (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/).
All trademarks within this guide belong to their legitimate owners.
Authors
• Magnus Adielsson
• Richard Barnes
• Peter Kupfer
• Iain Roberts
• Jean Hollis Weber
Functions and formulas
Add formulas & functions
See the sum & average
Reference data from other sheets
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Type Name Syntax Description

ARRAY_CONSTRAIN(inp Constrains an array

Creates a new array

Creates a new array

Flattens all the values

Given partial data

Given partial data

Given partial data

Maps each value in the

Returns the matrix

Calculates the matrix

Scans an array and

Calculates the sum of

Calculates the sum of

Calculates the sum of

Array SUMXMY2 SUMXMY2(array_x, Calculates the sum of

Transposes the rows

Given partial data

Wraps the provided

Wraps the provided

Database DAVERAGE DAVERAGE(database, Returns the average of

Counts numeric values

Returns a single value

Returns the maximum

Returns the minimum

Returns the product of

Returns the standard

Returns the standard

Returns the sum of

Returns the variance of

Returns the variance of

Calculates the number

Returns the day of the

Returns the number of

Returns the difference

Converts a Unix epoch

Returns the hour

Returns the number of

Returns the minute

Date MONTH MONTH(date) Returns the month of

Returns the number of

Returns the number of

Returns the current

Returns the second

Returns the fraction of

Returns the current

Date WORKDAY WORKDAY(start_date, Calculates the end

Calculates the date

Returns the year

Returns the number of

BIN2HEX(signed_bina Converts a signed

BIN2OCT(signed_bina Converts a signed

Bitwise boolean AND

Shifts the bits of the

Engineering BITRSHIFT BITRSHIFT(value, Shifts the bits of the

Bitwise XOR (exclusive

DEC2BIN(decimal_num Converts a decimal

DEC2HEX(decimal_num Converts a decimal

Compare two numeric

The ERF function