Hoisting Equipments

(Advanced Construction & Equipments)

Keyur Nagecha
Department of Civil Engineering
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
keyurcha@gmail.com

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Introduction

• Hoisting
– Lifting of material against gravity
• Common types of hoisting equipment
– Pulley and sheave block
– Chain hoists
– Mobile cranes
– Whirler cranes
– Derrick cranes
– Tower cranes
– Gantry cranes

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Pulley and Sheave block

• Suitable for lifting rough surfaced and

heavy loads
• Chains and wire ropes are used
• Alloy chains are best suited
• Weakest component of this system is the
load hook (should be replaced if elongated)

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Chain hoists

• Can lift load upto 50 tonnes

• Consist of two sets of chains, namely hand
chain and load chain
• Pulled is applied through hand chain,
manually or electrically
• Load to be lifted is held by load hook,
support hook supports the whole
mechanism
• Four types
– Differential, spur geared, screw geared, pull
lift
Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Derrick cranes

• Two types

Still leg Derrick

Guy Derrick
Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Derrick cranes

• Consist of vertical mast, supported by the

Guys
number of guys and can revolve through
360°. Mast
• While revolving, the radius of revolution
should be such that the revolving
structure is not obstructed by the guy
wires.
• Power is supplied by diesel engine or
electric motor

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Derrick cranes

• Stiff leg type derricks the guy wires are Truss

support
replaced by the trussed structure
• Guy derrick is Suitable for 200 tonnes
• Stiff leg derrick is Suitable for 10 to 50
tonnes

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Gantry Cranes

• Gantry crane also known as overhead

cranes
• Indispensable machines in factories
and workshops
• Heavy machines or components
required to be moved from one place
to another within the shed can be
easily moved through gantry.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Whirler Cranes

• Combination of stationary and mobile

unit. boom
• Advantage of log boom of derrick and Counter
mobility of mobile crane weight

• Rotating structure has an outer

framework
• Boom is attached to the front end,
counterweight is provided at the rear
end

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Mobile Cranes

• Cranes mounted on pneumatic tyred

trucks or on crawler tractor chassis.
• On rough terrain crawler mounted
trucks are suitable for operation with a
small area.
• For long distance travel the mounting is
stripped and reassembled in new
location.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Mobile Cranes

• Different design and capacities,

– Self propelled cranes
– Lorry mounted cranes
– Track mounted cranes
– Mast cranes

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Mobile Cranes: Self propelled cranes

• Wheel mounted can lift upto 10 tonnes

• Driver has only one cab position for both
driving and operating crane
• Extremely mobile but needs hard surface
level.
• Small capacity can have fixed boom, high
capacity can have a sectional lattice or a
telescoping boom

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Mobile Cranes: Lorry mounted cranes

• Mounted on specially designed lorry or

truck.
• Operator drives the vehicle between sites
using cab but also operates crane from
separate operating position
• Capacity 5-20 tonnes in the free standing
position can be increased using jack
outriggers built in to the chassis.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Mobile Cranes: track mounted cranes

• Mounted on crawler or track

• Can move on most of the ground
• Similar capacity as lorry mounted cranes
• Jib can be lattice or telescopic
• Requires special loading unit to transport
the crane between site

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Mast Cranes

• Used in congested area, offshore refinery,

cargo ships etc.
• Mounted on the jib pivots and held in the
vertical position by ties.
• Cranes are high pivot machines with a
luffing jib
• Operated from the chassis of the machine.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes

• Tower cranes are a common fixture at

any major construction site.
• A crane with a fixed vertical mast that
is topped by a rotating boom and
equipped with a winch for hoisting
and lowering loads.
• The winch can be moved along the
boom so that any location within the
diameter of the boom can be reached.
• Its often rise hundreds of meters into
the air, and can reach out just as far. https://previews.123rf.com/images/tverdokhlibov/tverdokhlibov1901/tve
rdokhlibov190100023/126461603-black-outline-of-a-high-tower-crane-for-
an-article-about-building-or-selling-a-home.jpg

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes : Function

• The construction crew uses the

tower crane to lift the building
materials :
– steel, concrete, large tools like
acetylene torches and generators,
and a wide variety of other building
materials.

https://previews.123rf.com/images/tverdokhlibov/tverdokhlibov1901/tve
rdokhlibov190100023/126461603-black-outline-of-a-high-tower-crane-for-
an-article-about-building-or-selling-a-home.jpg

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Advantages

• Time saver
• Multipurpose
• Heavy duty
• High performance
• Ease of use in critical conditions
• Can be transferred from one project to another
• Optimum resource utilization

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Disadvantages

• Cumbersome to erect and dismantle

• High initial cost for erection as well as dismanteling
• Skilled operators are required
• If in defective session hampers the schedule
• Difficult to maintain
• May create safety problems
• Limited to projects with large areas

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting
equipments: Tower
Cranes: Parts

https://engineeringdiscoveries.com/wp-
content/uploads/2019/06/4de11d0a711
2191f019f4a8075b0f7d3.jpg

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Parts
• Mast:
– the main supporting tower
of the crane. It is made of
steel trussed sections that
are connected together
during installation.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Parts
• Slewing Unit:
– the slewing unit sits at the
top of the mast. This is the
engine that enables the
crane to rotate.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Parts
• Operating Cabin:
– the operating cabin sits just
above the slewing unit. It
contains the operating
controls.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Parts
• Jib:
– the jib, or operating arm,
extends horizontally from
the crane. "luffing" jib is
able to move up and
down; a fixed jib has a
rolling trolley that runs
along the underside to
move goods horizontally.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Parts
• Hook:
– the hook (or hooks) is
used to connect the
material to the crane. It
hangs at the end of thick
steel cables that run along
the jib to the motor.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Parts
• Counterweights:
– Large concrete
counterweights are
mounted toward the rear
of the mast, to
compensate for the
weight of the goods lifted

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes: Types

• Self supporting static tower cranes

• Supported static tower cranes
• Travelling tower cranes
• Climbing cranes

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes:
Self Supporting static tower cranes

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes:
Self Supporting static tower cranes
• Greater lifting capacity
• Mast is firmly anchored at ground level
• Suitable for confined sites
• Positioned in front or to one side of the
proposed building with a jib of sufficient
length to give overall coverage of the new
structure
• Static tower but cranes with rotating or
slewing tower and luffing jib are also available
Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes:
Supported static tower cranes
• Used for lifting to greater heights
• Tower or mast is fixed or tied to the structure
using single or doble steel stays to provide the
required stability.
• Usually have the horizontal jib.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes:
Travelling tower cranes / self erecting tower cranes
• Travel on heavy wheeled bogies mounted on
a wide gauge
• It can be easily inserted on a site with
restricted space in a short period of time.
• Self Erecting Towers Cranes are ideally suited
to light frame structure, however they can
offer many advantages on most projects
requiring a fixed position city tower crane.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes:
Travelling tower cranes / self erecting tower cranes
• A Self Erecting Tower Crane operates in a very
small footprint and can be positioned close to
the structure being erected.
• A Self Erecting Tower Crane lifts loads
vertically and then moves these loads to their
final position horizontally.
• A mobile crane has an angled jib and
therefore must stand of the building to allow
for slewing.

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
 Hoisting equipments: Tower Cranes:
climbing cranes
• Used for tall building
• Located within and supported by the
structure under construction
• Mast which extends down through
several storeys requires only a small
opening in each floor.
• Support is given at floor levels by special
steel collars, frames and wedges
• Jib is made of small easy to handle
sections

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot
Thank you…

Keyur Nagecha
V. V. P. Engineering College: Rajkot