Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Biology 3rd Edition Brooker Widmaier Graham Stiling Test Bank
Biology 3rd Edition Brooker Widmaier Graham Stiling Test Bank
Chapter 07
Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
1. The equation, C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (ATP + Heat), describes a reaction that
A. is endergonic.
B. requires energy.
C. occurs in plants only.
D. is exergonic.
E. is anabolic.
2. The equation, C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (ATP + Heat), describes which of the
following processes?
A. photosynthesis
B. cell respiration
C. cell fermentation
D. glycolysis
E. anaerobic metabolism
1-1
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
3. Which of the following are the final by-products of glucose oxidation during aerobic cell
respiration?
A. ATP only
B. heat only
C. carbon dioxide only
D. both ATP and heat only
E. ATP, heat, and carbon dioxide
4. Which of the following processes will occur in the presence or absence of oxygen?
A. glycolysis
B. electron transport chain
C. oxidative phosphorylation
D. cellular respiration
E. citric acid cycle
1-2
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
1-3
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
9. Which compound has the highest free energy and produces the most ATP when oxidized?
A. acetyl CoA
B. glucose
C. pyruvate
D. carbon
E. both pyruvate and carbon
10. Cellular respiration produces the most chemical in the form of ATP from which of the
following?
A. the electron transport chain
B. the citric acid cycle
C. substrate-level phosphorylation
D. glycolysis
E. oxidative phosphorylation
11. How many ATP and NADH molecules are produced from each molecule of glucose in
the citric acid cycle only?
A. 4 ATP, 2 NADH
B. 3 ATP, 4 NADH
C. 2 ATP, 6 NADH
D. 1 ATP, 2 NADH
E. 0 ATP, 6 NADH
1-4
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
12. How many net ATP and NADH molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose
during glycolysis?
A. 4 ATP, 2 NADH
B. 3 ATP, 4 NADH
C. 2 ATP, 6 NADH
D. 2 ATP, 2 NADH
E. 0 ATP, 6 NADH
13. High-energy electrons from molecules of NADH and FADH2 are transferred to a chain of
proteins within the electron transport chain. What is the final electron acceptor of the electron
transport chain?
A. carbon dioxide
B. oxygen
C. cytochrome c
D. ubiquinone
E. NAD+
14. Which of the following statements is TRUE of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
A. Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate.
B. Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates.
C. Both produce either lactic acid or enthanol as a bioproduct.
D. Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate and both produce NADH as high-
energy intermediates.
E. Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates and both produce either lactic acid or
enthanol as a bioproduct.
1-5
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
15. Which would be TRUE if a metabolic poison were to completely inhibit the function of
mitochondrial ATP synthase?
A. The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would decrease.
B. The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would increase.
C. ATP synthesis would increase.
D. Oxygen consumption would decrease.
E. The accumulation of NADH would increase.
16. Which of the following is most directly responsible for driving ATP synthase and the
production of ATP in cellular respiration?
A. The electron transport chain pumping H+ from the mitochondrial matrix into the
intermembrane space.
B. The flow of electrons down the electron transport chain.
C. The loss in free energy that occurs as an electron moves down the transport chain.
D. The H+ electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondria membrane.
E. The ability of oxygen to rapidly capture an electron and energize ATP synthase.
17. Which of the following statements about the electron transport chain in cell respiration is
CORRECT?
A. Electrons move from NADH to a chain of proteins with lower electronegativities.
B. The electron transport chain of proteins uses ATP to pump H+ across the inner
mitochondria membrane against its electrochemical gradient.
C. The loss in free energy of the electron initially donated by NADH is used to transport H+
across the inner mitochondrial membrane against its electrochemical gradient.
D. The electron transport chain of proteins contains pores that are leaky to H+.
E. The ATP synthase pump generates a H+ gradient across the inner mitochondrial
membrane.
1-6
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
18. Assuming a fat molecule can be oxidized into 2 glycerol molecules, which are
immediately converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, in intermediate glycolysis, how many
ATP can be produced from a fat molecule?
A. 4
B. 8
C. 24
D. 36
E. 60
19. Where are the protein complexes associated with the electron transport chain located?
A. mitochondrial matrix
B. mitochondrial membrane
C. mitochondrial inner membrane
D. mitochondrial intermembrane space
E. cytosol
1-7
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
22. During the cleavage stage of glycolysis, fructose-1, 6 biphosphate is broken down into
A. citric acid.
B. two molecules of pyruvate.
C. two molecules of ATP.
D. two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
E. glucose.
1-8
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
24. In the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group is removed from acetyl CoA and attached to
oxaloacetate to form
A. fumarate.
B. succinate.
C. citrate.
D. malate.
E. oxaloacetate.
1-9
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
27. The enzyme responsible for oxidizing pyruvate once it enters the mitochondrial matrix is
A. pyruvate oxidase
B. pyruvate dehydrogenase.
C. hexokinase
D. ATP synthase.
E. peptidase.
28. Which pathway shows the correct path of electron transfer from a molecule of NADH?
A. NADH hydrogenase → ubiquinone → cytochrome oxidase → cytochrome b-c1 →
cytochrome c → O2
B. NADH hydrogenase → ubiquinone → cytochrome c → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome
oxidase → O2
C. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome oxidase → NADH
hydrogenase → O2
D. NADH hydrogenase → ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
E. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → NADH hydrogenase → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
1-10
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
29. Which pathway shows the correct path of electron transfer from a molecule of FADH2?
A. succinate reductase → ubiquinone → cytochrome oxidase → cytochrome b-c1 →
cytochrome c → O2
B. succinate reductase → ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
C. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome oxidase → NADH
hydrogenase → O2
D. succinate reductase → ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
E. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → NADH hydrogenase → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
30. Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into which
location?
A. cytosol
B. mitochondrial outer membrane
C. mitochondrial inner membrane
D. mitochondrial intermembrane space
E. mitochondrial matrix
1-11
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
33. Which of the following does NOT occur during yeast fermentation?
A. Acetylaldehyde is reduced to make ethanol.
B. Decrease in NADH.
C. Lactate is produced.
D. Pyruvate is broken down into CO2 and acetylaldehyde.
E. NADH is oxidized to NAD+
1-12
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
34. When muscles cells are deprived of oxygen, the heart still pumps. What must the heart
cells be able to do?
A. derive sufficient energy from fermentation
B. continue aerobic metabolism when skeletal muscle cannot
C. transform lactate to pyruvate again
D. remove lactate from the blood
E. remove oxygen from lactate
1-13
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
37. Glycolysis involves 10 enzyme-catalyzed steps, that can be grouped into three phases:
energy investment phase, cleavage phase, and the energy liberation phase.
TRUE
38. The electron transport chain consists of a series of redox reactions in which electrons are
transferred to oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
TRUE
39. Oxygen is an excellent final electron acceptor because of its low electronegativity.
FALSE
1-14
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
42. ATP synthase is a good example of a molecular machine that is composed of various
protein subunits and that has moving parts.
TRUE
43. The proton motive force is key to chemiosis because the H+ electrochemical gradient is
lower in the intermembrane space than inside the matrix.
FALSE
44. If oxygen is present, pyruvate will be converted to acetyl CoA in the mitochondrial
matrix.
TRUE
1-15
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism
45. When a molecule of NAD+ (nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom,
the molecule becomes reduced.
TRUE
46. Proteins and fats may be used as energy sources to drive aerobic respiration.
TRUE
47. During the energy investment phase of glycolysis there is a decrease of free energy that
allows later reactions to be exergonic.
FALSE
48. The ability of bread to rise is mainly a function of the CO2 produced during oxidative
phosphorylation rather than that produced from fermentation.
FALSE
1-16
Biology 3rd Edition Brooker Widmaier Graham Stiling Test Bank
49. The aerobic breakdown of glucose yields 34 to 38 ATP, while the anaerobic breakdown
of glucose yields 20 ATP.
FALSE
50. Secondary metabolites like caffeine are produced mainly from plant sources.
TRUE
1-17