Biology 3rd Edition Brooker Widmaier Graham Stiling Test Bank

Biology 3rd Edition Brooker Widmaier Graham

Stiling Test Bank

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Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

Chapter 07
Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The equation, C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (ATP + Heat), describes a reaction that
A. is endergonic.
B. requires energy.
C. occurs in plants only.
D. is exergonic.
E. is anabolic.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

2. The equation, C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (ATP + Heat), describes which of the
following processes?
A. photosynthesis
B. cell respiration
C. cell fermentation
D. glycolysis
E. anaerobic metabolism

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-1
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

3. Which of the following are the final by-products of glucose oxidation during aerobic cell
respiration?
A. ATP only
B. heat only
C. carbon dioxide only
D. both ATP and heat only
E. ATP, heat, and carbon dioxide

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

4. Which of the following processes will occur in the presence or absence of oxygen?
A. glycolysis
B. electron transport chain
C. oxidative phosphorylation
D. cellular respiration
E. citric acid cycle

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

5. Where does glycolysis takes place?

A. mitochondrial matrix
B. mitochondrial membrane
C. mitochondrial inner membrane
D. mitochondrial intermembrane space
E. cytosol

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-2
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

6. Which of the following is NOT a process of aerobic respiration?

A. citric acid cycle
B. glycolysis
C. acetyl CoA formation
D. oxidative phosphorylation
E. lactate fermentation

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

7. Which of the following is TRUE of the citric acid cycle?

A. It yields most of the NAD+ in cell respiration.
B. It produces oxygen.
C. It yields ATP, NADH, and FADH2 as energy intermediates.
D. It occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
E. It produces ATP as the primary energy intermediate.

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.06
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

8. Which of the following function: location relationship is INCORRECT?

A. acetyl CoA formation; cytosol
B. citric acid cycle; mitochondria matrix
C. oxidative phosphorylation; mitochondria inner membrane
D. glycolysis; cytosol
E. electron transport chain and ATP synthase; mitochondria inner membrane

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-3
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

9. Which compound has the highest free energy and produces the most ATP when oxidized?
A. acetyl CoA
B. glucose
C. pyruvate
D. carbon
E. both pyruvate and carbon

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

10. Cellular respiration produces the most chemical in the form of ATP from which of the
following?
A. the electron transport chain
B. the citric acid cycle
C. substrate-level phosphorylation
D. glycolysis
E. oxidative phosphorylation

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

11. How many ATP and NADH molecules are produced from each molecule of glucose in
the citric acid cycle only?
A. 4 ATP, 2 NADH
B. 3 ATP, 4 NADH
C. 2 ATP, 6 NADH
D. 1 ATP, 2 NADH
E. 0 ATP, 6 NADH

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-4
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

12. How many net ATP and NADH molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose
during glycolysis?
A. 4 ATP, 2 NADH
B. 3 ATP, 4 NADH
C. 2 ATP, 6 NADH
D. 2 ATP, 2 NADH
E. 0 ATP, 6 NADH

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

13. High-energy electrons from molecules of NADH and FADH2 are transferred to a chain of
proteins within the electron transport chain. What is the final electron acceptor of the electron
transport chain?
A. carbon dioxide
B. oxygen
C. cytochrome c
D. ubiquinone
E. NAD+

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.08
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

14. Which of the following statements is TRUE of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
A. Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate.
B. Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates.
C. Both produce either lactic acid or enthanol as a bioproduct.
D. Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate and both produce NADH as high-
energy intermediates.
E. Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates and both produce either lactic acid or
enthanol as a bioproduct.

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-5
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

15. Which would be TRUE if a metabolic poison were to completely inhibit the function of
mitochondrial ATP synthase?
A. The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would decrease.
B. The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would increase.
C. ATP synthesis would increase.
D. Oxygen consumption would decrease.
E. The accumulation of NADH would increase.

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

16. Which of the following is most directly responsible for driving ATP synthase and the
production of ATP in cellular respiration?
A. The electron transport chain pumping H+ from the mitochondrial matrix into the
intermembrane space.
B. The flow of electrons down the electron transport chain.
C. The loss in free energy that occurs as an electron moves down the transport chain.
D. The H+ electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondria membrane.
E. The ability of oxygen to rapidly capture an electron and energize ATP synthase.

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

17. Which of the following statements about the electron transport chain in cell respiration is
CORRECT?
A. Electrons move from NADH to a chain of proteins with lower electronegativities.
B. The electron transport chain of proteins uses ATP to pump H+ across the inner
mitochondria membrane against its electrochemical gradient.
C. The loss in free energy of the electron initially donated by NADH is used to transport H+
across the inner mitochondrial membrane against its electrochemical gradient.
D. The electron transport chain of proteins contains pores that are leaky to H+.
E. The ATP synthase pump generates a H+ gradient across the inner mitochondrial
membrane.

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.07
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-6
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

18. Assuming a fat molecule can be oxidized into 2 glycerol molecules, which are
immediately converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, in intermediate glycolysis, how many
ATP can be produced from a fat molecule?
A. 4
B. 8
C. 24
D. 36
E. 60

Bloom's Level: Apply

Section: 7.02
Topic: Cells

19. Where are the protein complexes associated with the electron transport chain located?
A. mitochondrial matrix
B. mitochondrial membrane
C. mitochondrial inner membrane
D. mitochondrial intermembrane space
E. cytosol

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.07
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

20. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into

A. acetyl CoA.
B. NADH.
C. pyruvate.
D. oxygen.
E. ATP.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.02
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-7
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

21. The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by

A. substrate-level phosphorylation.
B. electron transport.
C. photophosphorylation.
D. chemisosmosis.
E. oxidation of NADH to NAD+

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.02
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

22. During the cleavage stage of glycolysis, fructose-1, 6 biphosphate is broken down into
A. citric acid.
B. two molecules of pyruvate.
C. two molecules of ATP.
D. two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
E. glucose.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.02
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

23. In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?

A. CO2 and NADH
B. CO2 and pyruvate
C. H2O, NADH, and citrate
D. NADH and pyruvate
E. CO2 and H2O

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-8
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

24. In the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group is removed from acetyl CoA and attached to
oxaloacetate to form
A. fumarate.
B. succinate.
C. citrate.
D. malate.
E. oxaloacetate.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.06
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

25. In the citric acid cycle, succinate is oxidized to form

A. fumarate.
B. succinate.
C. citrate.
D. malate.
E. oxaloacetate.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.06
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

26. In the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to form

A. fumarate.
B. succinate.
C. citrate.
D. malate.
E. oxaloacetate.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.06
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-9
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

27. The enzyme responsible for oxidizing pyruvate once it enters the mitochondrial matrix is

A. pyruvate oxidase
B. pyruvate dehydrogenase.
C. hexokinase
D. ATP synthase.
E. peptidase.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.04
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

28. Which pathway shows the correct path of electron transfer from a molecule of NADH?
A. NADH hydrogenase → ubiquinone → cytochrome oxidase → cytochrome b-c1 →
cytochrome c → O2
B. NADH hydrogenase → ubiquinone → cytochrome c → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome
oxidase → O2
C. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome oxidase → NADH
hydrogenase → O2
D. NADH hydrogenase → ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
E. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → NADH hydrogenase → cytochrome
oxidase → O2

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.08
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-10
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

29. Which pathway shows the correct path of electron transfer from a molecule of FADH2?
A. succinate reductase → ubiquinone → cytochrome oxidase → cytochrome b-c1 →
cytochrome c → O2
B. succinate reductase → ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
C. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome oxidase → NADH
hydrogenase → O2
D. succinate reductase → ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → cytochrome
oxidase → O2
E. ubiquinone → cytochrome b-c1→ cytochrome c → NADH hydrogenase → cytochrome
oxidase → O2

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.08
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

30. Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into which
location?
A. cytosol
B. mitochondrial outer membrane
C. mitochondrial inner membrane
D. mitochondrial intermembrane space
E. mitochondrial matrix

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.07
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-11
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

31. Sports physiologists at an Olympic training center wanted to monitor athletes to

determine at what point their muscles were functioning anaerobically. They could do this by
checking for the buildup of which molecule?
A. ATP
B. lactate
C. carbon dioxide
D. ADP
E. oxygen

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.02
Topic: Cells

32. Which of the following is INCORRECT for ethanol fermentation?

A. A source of organic sugar is required, for instance from malt.
B. Results in a net production of NADH.
C. Glucose is oxidized to pyruvate as one of the steps.
D. Carbon dioxide and ATP are produced.
E. NADH is used to reduce acetaldehyde to ethanol.

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.02
Topic: Cells

33. Which of the following does NOT occur during yeast fermentation?
A. Acetylaldehyde is reduced to make ethanol.
B. Decrease in NADH.
C. Lactate is produced.
D. Pyruvate is broken down into CO2 and acetylaldehyde.
E. NADH is oxidized to NAD+

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.15
Section: 7.02
Topic: Cells

1-12
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

34. When muscles cells are deprived of oxygen, the heart still pumps. What must the heart
cells be able to do?
A. derive sufficient energy from fermentation
B. continue aerobic metabolism when skeletal muscle cannot
C. transform lactate to pyruvate again
D. remove lactate from the blood
E. remove oxygen from lactate

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.02
Topic: Cells

35. Which of the following is NOT considered a secondary metabolite?

A. glucose
B. flavonoids
C. terpenoids
D. alkoloids
E. polyketides

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.03
Topic: Cells

36. Vanillin is to flavonoids as atropine is to

A. flavonoids.
B. terpenoids.
C. polyketides.
D. alkoloids.
E. B-carotenes.

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.03
Topic: Cells

True / False Questions

1-13
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

37. Glycolysis involves 10 enzyme-catalyzed steps, that can be grouped into three phases:
energy investment phase, cleavage phase, and the energy liberation phase.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.02
Figure: 7.03
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

38. The electron transport chain consists of a series of redox reactions in which electrons are
transferred to oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.07
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

39. Oxygen is an excellent final electron acceptor because of its low electronegativity.
FALSE

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

40. NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to protein complex I.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.08
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-14
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

41. Ubiquinone is also known as coenzyme Q.

TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

42. ATP synthase is a good example of a molecular machine that is composed of various
protein subunits and that has moving parts.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.10
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

43. The proton motive force is key to chemiosis because the H+ electrochemical gradient is
lower in the intermembrane space than inside the matrix.
FALSE

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.07
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

44. If oxygen is present, pyruvate will be converted to acetyl CoA in the mitochondrial
matrix.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Figure: 7.01
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

1-15
Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

45. When a molecule of NAD+ (nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom,
the molecule becomes reduced.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

46. Proteins and fats may be used as energy sources to drive aerobic respiration.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

47. During the energy investment phase of glycolysis there is a decrease of free energy that
allows later reactions to be exergonic.
FALSE

Bloom's Level: Understand

Figure: 7.02
Section: 7.01
Topic: Cells

48. The ability of bread to rise is mainly a function of the CO2 produced during oxidative
phosphorylation rather than that produced from fermentation.
FALSE

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.02
Topic: Cells

1-16
Biology 3rd Edition Brooker Widmaier Graham Stiling Test Bank

Chapter 07 - Test Bank: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

49. The aerobic breakdown of glucose yields 34 to 38 ATP, while the anaerobic breakdown
of glucose yields 20 ATP.
FALSE

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section: 7.02
Topic: Cells

50. Secondary metabolites like caffeine are produced mainly from plant sources.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: Remember

Section: 7.03
Topic: Cells

1-17

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