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Chapter #1: History of Flight
1. Kite (Invention) - The Chinese invented the first
kites around 400 B.C.
2. Ornithopter (Design) - Leonardo da Vinci
designed the ornithopter in 1485 B.C.
3. Prodormo (Book) - Fr. Francesco Lana de Terzi
published the book "Prodormo" in 1670, containing
proposed designs for airships.
4. First Manned Flight - Joseph and Etienne
Montgolfier accomplished the first manned flight
using a hot air balloon in 1783.
5. Sir George Cayley - In 1809, he published "On
Aerial Navigation," discussing the basic issues of
heavier-than-air flight and aeroplane forces.
6. William Henson - In 1843, he published his design
for an aerial steam carriage, a steam-powered
flying machine.
7. Alphonse Penaud - made the Planopohore in 1870,
introducing the pusher propeller.
8. Otto Lilienthal - In 1891, he built the first practical
glider for long flights.
9. Trussing System (Innovation) - In 1896, Octave
Chanute's Chanute glider featured the use of a
trussing system on flying machines.
10. First Practical Dirigible - Alberto Santos-Dumont
flew the first practical dirigible in 1901,
demonstrating routine, controlled flight.
11. First Motor-powered Airplane - The Wright
Brothers(Orville & Wilbur) developed the first
motor-powered airplane in 1903, allowing pilot
control.
12. First Successful Powered Flight - In 1906, Alberto
Santos-Dumont made the first successful powered
flight in Europe using the 14-bis aircraft.
13. First Free-flying Helicopter - Paul Cornu built the
first free-flying helicopter in 1907.
14. Military Purposes - Airplanes were introduced for
military purposes during the Italian-Turkish war in
1911-1912.
15. First All-Metal Aircraft - In 1915, Hugo Junkers
introduced the first all-metal aircraft.
16. Barnstorming - From 1918-1939, barnstorming
became popular, resembling a flying circus where
pilots performed tricks and sold airplane rides.
17. Lieutenant-Commander A.C. Reed - In 1919, he
and his crew flew across the Atlantic Ocean in the
Curtiss, making several stops.
18. Giant Airships - In the 1920s-1930s, civil aviation
grew, with giant airships used for passenger and
cargo transport.
19. Charles Lindbergh - In 1927, he became the first
person to fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean.
20. Jet Engine (Invention) - In 1930, Frank Whittle
invented the jet engine.
21. Amelia Earhart - In 1935, she was the first person
to fly solo across the Pacific Ocean from Hawaii to
California.
22. End of Airship Era (Event) - In 1937, the
introduction of the Douglas DC-3 marked the end
of the airship era and the start of modern passenger
airline service.
23. World War II - From 1939-1945, World War II
occurred.
24. First Fully Jet-propelled Aircraft - In 1939, the first
fully jet-propelled aircraft, the Heinkel 178, was
introduced.
25. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
- In 1944, the Chicago convention led to the
establishment of the International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO), aimed at standardizing civil
flight efficiency, safety, and consistency.
26. First Pilot to Break the Sound Barrier - In 1947,
Chuck Yeager became the first pilot to break the
sound barrier.
27. First Commercial Jet Airliner - In 1952, the world's
first commercial jet airliner was introduced.
28. Aeroflot - In 1956, Aeroflot became the first airline
to operate sustained regular jet services.
29. Boeing 747 - In the 1960s, the Boeing 747 was
introduced as the first jumbo jet.
30. First Solar-powered Aircraft - In 1996, the
NASA/AeroVironment Pathfinder became the
first solar-powered aircraft to fly above the
troposphere.
Chapter II: Aviation History in the Philippines
31. C.F Marquez - In 1909, the first aircraft, a hot air
balloon operated by him, flew in Philippine
airspace.

32. James C. Mars - In 1911, he piloted the first
powered flight in the country.
33. First Filipino Airplane Passenger - In 1912, the first
Filipino airplane passenger was Igorot chieftain
Gagaban.
34. Philippine National Guard (Formation) - In 1917,
the Philippine National Guard was created under
the Militia Act of 2715.
35. Ground Schooling (Training) - In 1918, Filipino
volunteers from PNG were sent for ground
schooling.
36. Flight Training School (Establishment) - In 1918,
the Curtiss School of Aviation was commissioned
to provide flight training in the Philippines.
37. First Female Pilot - In 1919, Ruth Law visited the
Philippines and became the first female pilot to fly
in Philippine airspace.
38. Philippine Airways Service, Inc. (PASI) - In 1919,
the first airline in the Philippines, it was established
by Joseph Stevenot & Alfred Croft.
39. First Filipino Solo Aviator (Achievement) - In
1920, Alfredo Carmelo graduated and became the
first Filipino solo aviator. On April 26, Leoncio
Malinao, a member of the PNG, flew from Manila
to Cavite as the first Filipino military pilot.
40. First Airplane Chartered Service – Iloilo Negros
Air Express Company. In 1920, Jose Tinsay
offered the first airplane chartered service, flying
from Iloilo to Bacolod and vice versa.
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Andres Soriano.
47. Far Eastern Air Transport Inc. (FEATI)- In 1945,
Iloilo-Negros Air Express Company (INAEC) was
rebranded and renamed to this.
48. Commercial Air Lines, Inc. (CALI)- In 1947, a
combination of political and business developments
forced the Lopez brothers to sell FEATI, leading
to the establishment of Commercial Air Lines Inc.
(CALI).
49. R.A 776 - In 1952, the Civil Aeronautics Act of
the Philippines (R.A 776) was enacted,
reorganizing the Civil Aeronautics Board and the
Civil Aeronautics Administration.
50. R.A. 2232 - In 1959, Philippine Airlines was
designated as the country's national flag carrier
through R.A. 2232.
51. 1960s Expansion - In the 1960s, the Philippine
aviation landscape saw the emergence of several
companies:
- Fleming Airways Service Transport (FAST)
- Filipinas Orient Airways (FOA)
- Air Manila Inc
52. Basa Air Base Community College - In 1967, Basa
Air Base Community College was established,
which later evolved into the Philippine State
College of Aeronautics, further contributing to the
development of aviation education and training in
the Philippines.

41. First Filipino-Owned Airline - In 1920, the Lopez

Family opened the first Filipino-owned airline,
Iloilo Negros Air Express Company (INAEC).

42. First Military Airbase - In 1922, the first military

airbase, Camp Nichols, was established.

43. First Scheduled Airline Services - In 1930,

Philippine Aerial Taxi Company launched the
first airline to offer scheduled services.

44. Aviation Regulation (Legislation) - In 1931,

Legislative Act No. 3909 was passed, creating an
Office under the Department of Commerce and
Communications to handle aviation matters.

45. Philippine Constabulary Air Corps - In 1934, the

Philippine Constabulary Air Corps (Philippine Air
Force) was created.

46. Philippine Airlines - In 1941, Philippine Airlines

was founded by a group of businessmen led by