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Topic 6 Sq1 Topic 6 Energetics Answered Aoudi 2022
Topic 6 Sq1 Topic 6 Energetics Answered Aoudi 2022
2022 _ 2023
Chemical Energetics
Worksheet SQ1
TOPIC 6
Chemical energetics
Topic
Code Student Learning Objectives
6
LO 6.1.1 Describe the meaning of exothermic and endothermic reactions
Energetics of
LO 6.1.2
reactions
6.1
A. exothermic endothermic
B. exothermic exothermic
C. endothermic exothermic
D. endothermic endothermic
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Endothermic
because products are at HIGHER energy than reactants
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HeLp Me
The activation energy is extra energy supplied for any reaction to occur.
Therefore, Ea is always positive.
B. + endothermic +
C. + endothermic –
D. – exothermic +
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Ea is always positive.
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Endothermic
This means that products are at HIGHER energy than reactants
10. When ammonium hydroxide is added to water, the test tube feels cold to your
hand.
This is an example of ______________ reaction.
A. 5 2 1 1
B. 5 1 1 1
C. 6 2 2 1
D. 6 1 1 1
The bond energies are shown in the table. The reaction is endothermic.
bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol
Br–Br +193
H–Br +366
H–H +436
HeLp Me
H = E broken – E made
Since the reaction is endothermic, the
= [2 H – Br] – [H – H + Br – Br ] overall energy must be positive (+)
H 0
= [2 × 366] – [436 + 193 ]
Answer must be either A or B
= + 103 kJ / mol
bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol
C–H +410
C=O +805
O–H +460
O=O +496
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H C H + 2O O O C O + 2H O H
= [4 C – H + 2 O = O] – [2 C = O + 4 O – H]
= 2632 – 3450
= – 818 kJ / mol
I2 + Cl2 2ICl
bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol
I–I 151
Cl–Cl 242
I–Cl 208
(i) Calculate the total amount of energy required to break the bonds in
1 mole of I2 and 1 mole of Cl2.
= 151 + 242
393
............................ kJ [1]
(ii) Calculate the total amount of energy given out when the bonds in
2 moles of ICl are formed.
– 416
............................ kJ [1]
(iii) Use your answers to (d)(i) and (d)(ii) to calculate the overall energy
change for the reaction.
I2 + Cl2 2ICl
H = E broken – E made
= 393 – 416
– 23
............................ kJ / mol [1]
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Tm6JMeYX5g
Mol. formula is
C3H6
CH2
.........................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) What colour change, if any, would you see when cyclopropane is
bubbled into aqueous bromine?
brown
initial colour .......................................................................................................
colourless
final colour .........................................................................................................
[2]
(b) The reaction of cyclopropane with bromine is exothermic.
(i) Complete the energy level diagram for this reaction by
● adding the product of the reaction,
● labelling the energy change, ΔH.
Use the bond energies in the table to calculate the energy change, ΔH, for the
reaction.
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H = E broken – E made
= [ 6 C – H + C = C + C – C + Br – Br ] – [6 C – H + 2 C – C + 2 C – Br ]
= 3624 – 3738
= – 114 kJ / mol
bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol
C–Cl +340
C–C +350
C–H +410
Cl–Cl +240
H–Cl +430
A –1420 kJ / mol
B –120 kJ / mol
C +120 kJ / mol
D +1420 kJ / mol
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= 3050 – 3170
= – 120 kJ / mol
H H H H
C C + H H H C C H
H H H H
= [4 C – H + C = C + H – H] – [6 C – H + C – C]
= 2680 – 2810
= – 120 kJ / mol
H H H H
C C + Br Br H C C H
H H Br Br
Total endothermic change for bond breaking – Total exothermic change for bond making
= [4 C – H + C = C + Br – Br] – [ 4 C – H + C – C + 2 C – Br]
= 800 – 2810
= – 110 kJ / mol
NOTE:
bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol
NN 945
N–H 391
H–H 436
H = E broken – E made
= [4 N – H + N – N ] – [ NN + 2 H – H]
HeLp Me
–95 = 1564 + N – N – 1817
Since breaking a bond requires
energy, bond-energies are
N–N= 158 positive numbers.
C2H4 + 3 O2 ⎯
⎯→ 2 CO2 + 2 H2O H = – 1300 KJ/ mol
H H
H C C H + 3O O 2O C O + 2H O H
C=C 1 x ?
3125 + x
Bond Making Exothermic
Bond Number Mean Bond energy Total
C=O 4 800 3200
5040
H = E broken – E made
Cl Cl + CO C
Cl Cl
When one mole of chlorine reacts with one mole of carbon monoxide, 230kJ
of energy is released. Some bond energies are shown in the table.
bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol
Cl–Cl 240
C=O 745
C–Cl 400
Use the information to calculate the energy of the bond between the C and
the O in carbon monoxide, CO.
H = E broken – E made
= 1075
A. – 969
B. – 204
C. – 105
D. + 204
E. + 595
N N + 3 H H 2 H N H
H
H = E broken – E made
= [NN + 3 H – H] – [6N–H]
= – 105 kJ / mol
H O H
H C C H + 3O O 2O C O + 3H O H
H H
Bond breaking Endothermic
Bond Number Mean Bond energy Total
C−H 5 410 2050
4715
Bond Making Exothermic
5800
H = E broken – E made
H = 4715 – 5800
= – 1085 KJ/mol
H – O – O –H H–O–H + ½ O=O
average bond
Bond
energy
NN x
H–H y
N–H z
A. x + 3y – 6z
B. 6z – x + 3y
C. x – 3y + 6z
D. x + 3y – 2z
activation
energy
ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)
(ii) Draw an arrow on the diagram to represent the activation energy. [1]
.............................................................................................................................
Exothermic
because products are at lower energy than reactants
.........................................................................................................................[1]
On the diagram, add the energy profile for the catalysed reaction.
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