“SPECIAL USER REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS IN MARIKINA CITY DRUG REHABILITATION

CENTER THROUGH ACTION RESEARCH”

A Research Paper presented to the:

Faculty of Architecture

Pangasinan State University, Urdaneta City Campus

Urdaneta City, Pangasinan

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the

Research Methods for Architecture

By

Chanty G. Lenchico

BS Architecture 4

Submitted to:

Ar. Jumar T. Balicao

Instructor

January 2024
 Table of Contents

Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 1 ........................................................................................................................... 4
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 4
I. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY .............................................................................. 4
II. RESEARCH QUESTIONS .......................................................................................... 6
III. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ......................................................................................... 6
IV. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ............................................................................ 7
CHAPTER II ........................................................................................................................... 9
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ...................................................................................... 9
1. Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center ......................................... 9
2. Rehabilitation Center Groot Klimmendaal ....................................................... 15
CHAPTER III......................................................................................................................... 22
METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY ..................................................................................... 22
Research Methodology ............................................................................................ 22
Research Strategy ..................................................................................................... 23
Research Tools & Instruments.................................................................................... 24
CHAPTER IV ........................................................................................................................ 25
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ........................................................................................... 25
CHAPTER V ........................................................................................................................ 32
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 32
Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 32
Recommendations: ................................................................................................... 33
Additional Notes: ....................................................................................................... 33
References: ....................................................................................................................... 35
APPENDIX A ....................................................................................................................... 36
Documentation Photos ................................................................................................. 36
APPENDIX B........................................................................................................................ 39
Questionnaires............................................................................................................... 39

2
Abstract

This research explores the special user requirements of drug rehabilitation

patients within the Marikina Rehabilitation Center (MRC) in Marikina City, Philippines.

Using a participatory approach, the study aims to identify and understand the unique

needs and challenges faced by this specific population, focusing on factors beyond

standard rehabilitation protocols. The research adopts a cyclical action research

process involving: planning, observation, reflection, and intervention.

Data will be collected through a combination of methods, including

participant observations, individual interviews, and document analysis. Through a

special request, the management prefers not to include the patients’ name and

faces for their privacy. Hence, other necessary documentations are provided within

the study.

The research findings will inform the development and implementation of

tailored interventions and support services within the MRC, addressing the specific

needs of drug rehabilitation patients. The study emphasizes a collaborative approach,

empowering patients to participate in identifying their own needs and actively

contributing to the improvement of their rehabilitation experience. This action

research holds promise for enhancing the effectiveness of the MRC's rehabilitation

program and promoting successful reintegration of patients into society.

3
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

I. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

This chapter will give readers an overview of the whole study project and the

researchers' approach to problem-solving.

Drug addiction is a pervasive and complex societal issue that poses significant

challenges to individuals, families, and communities. In the Philippines, the Marikina

Rehabilitation Center stands as a crucial institution dedicated to addressing the needs

of drug rehabilitation patients. As the nation grapples with the far-reaching

consequences of substance abuse, it becomes imperative to delve into a specialized

analysis of the user requirements within the context of the Marikina Rehabilitation

Center.

1. The Burden of Drug Abuse in the Philippines:

The Philippines faces a significant drug abuse problem, with official estimates

suggesting millions of individuals struggling with dependence on various illicit

substances. This widespread epidemic has severe consequences for public health,

safety, and social well-being. While various government initiatives and rehabilitation

programs exist, concerns remain regarding the adequacy and effectiveness of these

interventions in addressing the diverse needs of the population they serve.

2. Limitations of Current Rehabilitation Models:

Traditional rehabilitation programs often follow standardized protocols

designed for a general population of drug users. However, this approach may fail to

recognize the unique challenges and requirements of specific subgroups within the

broader addiction community. Factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic

4
background, and pre-existing mental health conditions can significantly impact an

individual's rehabilitation journey and require tailored interventions for successful

recovery.

3. Importance of Special User Requirements:

Acknowledging and addressing the specific needs of distinct user groups within

the rehabilitation setting is crucial for optimizing individual outcomes and program

effectiveness. This concept of "special user requirements" necessitates identifying and

understanding the unique challenges faced by different subgroups and developing

targeted interventions that cater to their specific needs.

4. The Marikina Rehabilitation Center and its Context:

The Marikina Rehabilitation Center (MRC) is a key facility in the Marikina City

region, catering to individuals undergoing drug rehabilitation. While the MRC employs

established protocols, exploring the specific needs of its patient population remains

crucial for enhancing the success of their rehabilitation journey. Conducting this

research within the MRC context allows for immediate application of its findings to

improve the facility's program and support services.

5. Action Research as a Methodology:

Action research presents a suitable methodology for this study due to its

participatory and cyclical nature. It allows for collaboration with MRC patients and

staff, empowering them to actively contribute to the identification of needs and the

development of solutions. This interactive approach fosters a sense of ownership and

ensures the interventions developed through the research are well-aligned with the

actual needs of the patients.

5
 II. RESEARCH QUESTIONS

Therefore, this study will aim to answer these following research questions:

1. How may the overall design of the center promote mental, emotional, physical

wellbeing to the patient?

2. What are the possible Special User Requirement Designs that can be

considered for the primary care of the patients?

3. How may support provided in the center allow people to be more inclusive

members of society?

Hypothesis

A center designed with natural elements, ample light, and calming spaces will

positively impact patients' mental and emotional wellbeing compared to a more

traditional institutional setting.

Relaxation and mindfulness spaces incorporating calming nature elements,

such as water features or Zen gardens, will provide opportunities for stress reduction,

self-reflection, and emotional regulation.

Technology-facilitated connections with support groups, mentors, and

community resources will provide ongoing support and guidance beyond the

rehabilitation center walls, reducing isolation and enhancing reintegration success.

III. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this research is to examine and provide guidance on

Special User Requirements in Marikina City Rehabilitation Center, Marikina City,

Philippines.

Special user requirements are defined as such as the following: privacy, security

and safety, interior observation (acoustics, color and lighting), hygiene, and

6
 therapeutic spaces. The study aims to investigate how the overall design of the

facilities affects the patients/ users and focuses more on how they perceive the

design as part of their healing process and what could be the possible solutions for

enhancement/ improvement with the following specific objectives:

• Identify the special user requirements of drug rehabilitation patients at the MRC

through collaborative means.

• Understand the specific challenges and needs faced by the individuals within

the facility.

• Develop and implement tailored interventions and support services within the

MRC, addressing the identified special user requirements.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented interventions and refine them

based on feedback from patients and staff.

In conclusion, this research is driven by the recognition that a one-size-fits-all

approach to drug rehabilitation is often insufficient. By focusing on the special user

requirements of patients at the MRC through action research, the study seeks to

develop and implement targeted interventions that lead to improved outcomes and

successful reintegration for this vulnerable population.

IV. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This architectural research study holds significant meaning on multiple levels,

impacting individuals, the Marikina Rehabilitation Center (MRC), and the broader field

of drug rehabilitation in the Philippines.

1. Individual Level:

• Improved patient outcomes: By identifying and addressing individual needs

through architectural design, the study has the potential to enhance the

7
 effectiveness of interventions, leading to better mental, emotional, and

physical well-being for patients. This ultimately increases their chances of

successful recovery and reintegration into society.

2. Marikina Rehabilitation Center Level:

• Enhanced program effectiveness: The study's findings will inform the

development and implementation of tailored interventions and support

services within the MRC, catering to the specific needs of its patient population

through architectural design.

3. Broader Field of Drug Rehabilitation:

• Contribution to knowledge: The study contributes valuable knowledge to the

field of drug rehabilitation by exploring the concept of special user

requirements in a specific context and incorporating them into architectural

design. This can inform future research and interventions, leading to more

effective and personalized approaches to rehabilitation.

• Addressing gaps in existing models: The research addresses limitations in

existing rehabilitation models by highlighting the importance of tailoring

interventions and architectural design to specific needs. This can contribute to

the development of more holistic and patient-centered approaches to drug

recovery.

• Advocacy for improved policies: Findings can be used to advocate for

improved policies and increased funding for drug rehabilitation programs in

the Philippines, ensuring better access to quality care for individuals struggling

with addiction, potentially including improved architectural design standards

for rehabilitation centers.

8
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

1. Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center

Project background: The Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Centre

provides residential and non-residential services for the treatment of addictions

including drug and alcohol, gambling and eating disorders, among others (ArchDaily,

2011 A).

Project Significance and Impact: The Centre has been designed to support the

Core Values of the St. Joseph‘s Care Group which are; compassionate and holistic

care, dignity and respect, faith based care, inclusiveness, truthfulness and trust.

Inspired by these values, the design creates a clear sequence of spaces which offer

a variety of relationships to the exterior landscape. The healing quality of natural light

has been a prime consideration throughout the design (ArchDaily, 2011 A).

Figure 1 Spiritual room, Sister Margaret Smith Addictions

Treatment Center, retrieved from ArchDaily.com

9
 The center is organized around an organizing spine called the Hall of Recovery. It

acts as an introduction to the building which welcomes the clients into a calm and

welcoming setting. The building is organized around two courtyards, one for

residential patients and one for non-residential patients. The courtyards help in adding

a safe space where clients can enjoy natural elements as part of their healing process.

The spiritual space has been designed in a circular form to be respectful of the

aboriginal community, who make up a large portion of the client population.

1.1 Context / Site and surroundings

The center is located on a larger campus of care in a low-rise residential area. Its

design blends in terms of colors, materials, and massing with the neighboring

architecture which mostly consists of single family houses of a 2 floors height. The

center is easily accessible by the community and is located next to public spaces and

green areas such as The International Friendship Gardens.

Figure 2 Garden near Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center

10
1.2 Functional Analysis and Circulation

H
I
L

J G C
E

B
D
A

Figure 3 Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center plan, retrieved from politesi.polimi.it

A. Main Entrance G. Washroom

B. Residential entrance H. School
C. Administration I. Youth Residential
D. Hall of Recovery J. Residential Courtyard
E. Spiritual Room K. Therapy Courtyard
F. Gymnasium L. Activity Courtyard

The residential program is divided into 15 beds for females, 15 beds for males and

10 beds for youth, including children as young as 13 years. The residential programs

and non-residential programs have separate entrances to protect the privacy of

each. Non-residential programs include private and group therapy rooms,

gymnasium, spiritual room, crafts room and administration.

The youth residential component provides accommodation for both young

men and women in the same space. It is laid out so that the bedrooms open directly

11
into the living area. This has been done to provide care and protection to

adolescents, who are prone by their very condition to inappropriate and compulsive

behavior. It further gives the feeling of a large communal house for the 40 days that

they are undergoing treatment (Davies & Stephenson, 2013)

1.3 Environmental Considerations

Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Centre embraced the principles of

sustainable design from the onset, particularly as it related to the mission of providing

holistic care. It was understood early on that a healthy building environment can be

an essential part of the healing process and that environmental stewardship equates

to compassionate care for all. A fully integrated team approach using the defined

standards of LEED® was used (ArchDaily, 2011 A).

The project embodies five key sustainable design strategies which are; ample

glazing to provide daylight and access to views, building footprint that respects the

site ecology, water reduction through intelligent landscaping and selection of low-

flow fixtures, energy reduction through the use of a high-performance envelope and

advanced building technology, and communication of sustainable vision through

integrated sustainable design meetings (Davies & Stephenson, 2013).

The project‘s holistic sustainable intentions are most evident at the main hall of

the building known as the Hall of Recovery which organizes the three main

components of the program in a dignified, calm, welcoming and comforting setting.

Three large round roof windows, providing streams of natural light, represent the

Windows of Hope: one for each of the mind (therapy rooms), body (gymnasium) and

soul (spiritual space). Low-maintenance native seed mixes and sodding were chosen

to reduce the need for irrigation and seasonal replanting.

12
Figure 4 large round roof window, Figure 5 Courtyard, Sister Margaret Smith
Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Addictions Treatment Center, retrieved from
Treatment Center, retrieved from ArchDaily.com
ArchDaily.com

Through a series of bio swales and storm retention ponds, the site, whose pre-

development imperviousness was less than 50%, was designed to not increase the rate

and quantity of storm water and to remove 80% of annual post-development total

suspended solids and 40% of annual post-development total phosphorous from storm

water (Davies & Stephenson, 2013).

Figure 6 Hall of Recovery, Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center,

retrieved from ArchDaily.com

13
 Sister Margaret Smith employs double- and triple-glazed low-e windows within

a superior building envelope to optimize energy performance. Wall assemblies and

roof assemblies with high R-values were specified and occupancy and daylight

sensors were incorporated. A high albedo roof, which complies with energy star

requirements, reduces the heat island effect (Davies & Stephenson, 2013).

Creating a place of true healing meant that light and air were highly

considered during the design process. The building was designed around two

courtyards to allow light to penetrate to over 75% of regularly occupied spaces. In

conjunction with a shallow floor plate and interior glazed partitions, this allows over

90% of regularly occupied spaces to have views to the outdoors (Davies &

Stephenson, 2013).

Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Centre‘s philosophy of holistic care

is to create a balance between mind, body and soul. It approaches the mind through

learning programs and addiction treatment, the body through providing physical

activities in its facilities, and the soul through providing spirituality. It also emphasizes

the role of light and nature as therapeutic elements through its courtyards. The center

embraces sustainable design as an integral part of healing through providing a

healthy building environment.

Figure 7 Color palette of Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center, produced by
the author.

14
 2. Rehabilitation Center Groot Klimmendaal

Project Background: The project was awarded Building of the Year 2010 by the

Dutch Association of Architects, winner of the first Hedy d‘Ancona Award 2010 for

excellent healthcare architecture, winner of the Arnhem Heuvelink Award 2010 and

winner of the Dutch Design Award 2010 public award and category commercial

interior (Etherington, 2011).

Project Significance and Impact: The project offers an unconventional approach

of designing healthcare institutions. The building offers a pleasant and comforting

experience to its users.

The design of a reintegration and rehabilitation center for drug and alcohol

addicts poses a problem of social stigma and repulsion of such centers. The design

aims to change the stereotypical image of rehab centers and create a welcoming

and comforting environment for its users. The Rehabilitation Center Groot

Klimmendaal for physical limitations tackles this problem through its design.

15
 First, the architecture of the building disowns the typical healthcare center design.

The building is cladded with brown anodized aluminum panels which, despite of its

size, makes the building dissolve within its surroundings.

Second, the design of the center highlights the healing capacities of nature. Sited

inside the forest of Arnhem in the Netherlands, the curtain walls and generous glass

use in its façade invite the forest inside the building, giving its user a constant view of

nature.

Third, the building hosts multiple leisure and recreation facilities such as, a fitness

center, a gym, and a theatre in its entrance level. The community is allowed to use

the facilities and thus helping the patients with their reintegration process. Finally, the

interiors of the building emphasize on reducing the patients anxiety and distress

through the use of diverse but subtle colors.

Figure 8 Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal main entrance, retrieved from Google
maps.

2.1 Context / Site and surroundings

Residing within the forests of the Netherlands, Rehabilitation Center Groot

Klimmendaal hides between the trees like a quiet deer. It blends with its surrounding

landscape and architecture and is accessible by a street with bicycle and pedestrian

16
paths. The street feeds multiple institutions mostly dedicated for the children and

people with disabilities. The center follows the massing and heights of surrounding

buildings and appears to have the darkest shade of brown in the area. It may be

explained by the attempt to camouflage the building.

Figure 9 Satellite location of Groot Klimmendaal along with pictures of neighboring buildings,
Source: Landsat / Copernicus, and processed by the author .

2.2 Scale and Spatial/form Relationships

Figure 10 the columns’ organization in the level 0 plan of Groot Klimmendaal Rehabilitation
center, retrieved from dezeen.com and processed by the author.

The plan of the center is rectangular, which starts with a small footprint of

110x30m and grows to reach 160x30m at upper levels. The high length to width ratio

17
increases the surface area and thus exposes the interiors of the building to the forest,

and provides natural light to most of the rooms inside. In addition, the building hosts

double and triple heights plus atriums at different levels, further increasing the amount

of natural light entering the building and visually connecting different levels with each

other.

The structure of the center is irregular and diverse. Most of the columns are

reinforced concrete with a different arrangement between exterior and interior

columns. However, the columns in the southern façade are instead inclined steel

columns adding aesthetics to the double height area.

Figure 11 Interior corridor and swimming pool, retrieved from dezeen.com

18
2.3 Functional Analysis and Circulation

Figure 12 Floor Plans of Rehabilitation Center Groot Klimmendaal, retrieved from dezeen.com
and processed by the author.

19
Vertical Layering of the Program

Figure 12 Vertical layering of the program of Rehabilitation center Groot Klimmendaal,

retrieved from dezeen.com and processed by the author.

1.4 Environmental Considerations

The use of energy is reduced by the compact design of the building, and the

design of the mechanical and electrical installations. Most notably, the thermal

storage (heat and cold storage) contributes to the reduction of energy

consumption. The choice of selecting sustainable building materials, and materials

requiring little maintenance for floor finishes, ceilings and facade cladding, result

in a building which can be easily maintained and with a long lifespan (Etherington,

2011).

Perhaps one of the most notable characteristics of the Groot Klimmendaal is its

use of striking yet subtle colors. With The notion of color theory, the center

implements diverse array of colors and shades in its interiors, creating a visually

arousing yet comforting environment.

Figure13 Groot Klimendaal rehabilitation center,
circulation of the
building comes with a rich experience of double
heights, light wells,
and diverse colors.
Figure 14 Color Palettes of Groot Klimmendaal
rehabilitation
center, produced by the author.

20
 The study of the previous precedent cases gave superb examples of healing

architecture. Though some of them didn‘t directly reflect the function of the research

project, they gave crucial lessons in terms of the role of design in relation to mental

health. Those are some implementations from the precedent studies on the design of

the reintegration and rehabilitation center for drug and alcohol addicts:

a. Minimizing the institutionalized appearance of the building to destigmatize its users.

b. Featuring recreational facilities accessible to the community to reintegrate the

patients.

c. Featuring workshops and classroom to help patients in their reintegration process.

d. Integrating natural daylight through design.

e. Implementing spirituality as part of the healing process.

f. Using colors, natural elements, and art to reduce the patients ‘distress.

g. Accommodating the patients in private rooms to reduce their distress and respect

their privacy.

h. Dividing patients rooms into smaller units to reduce incidents of violence.

i. Positioning staff stations in a way to maximize surveillance.

j. Minimizing sharp corners to reduce risk of self-harm.

k. Using durable and easily maintained materials.

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 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

In response to the problem statement in Chapter 1, which aims to provide

guidance on special user requirements in the facilities of the Marikina Rehabilitation

Center, Marikina City- this chapter will address the research methods available for the

study and what is appropriate for it to use.

Similarly, this chapter outlines the several approaches and methods for locating

the sources of information required for the study's analysis and assessment.

Consequently, the research methodology, research design, research strategy,

and research equipment and tools are all specified in this section of the study.

Research Methodology

The research aims to increase awareness among people and to provide

thoughtfully designed safe interior spaces, contained, caring, and professionally

conscientious. Besides, to create an atmosphere of respect and therapeutic

interpersonal interactions to enhance individual strength. It’s also a really important

message sent to patients and their families in the community is that people with

mental or emotional issues are valued members of society and the organizations have

invested to provide warm and comfortable environments.

The type of approach used to collect data is the qualitative method. The

method used was purposive sampling with a structured form because it is instituted to

observe general public opinions and experiences. Besides, this method gives people

freedom and flexibility to answer the questionnaire. So, by using different type

questions it allows collecting in-depth insights into the research topic.

The study will also use Narrative Research since this will explore personal stories,

22
opinions, and experiences.

Research Strategy

A. Direct Observation- For a systematic data collection, direct observation will

be performed to conduct the needed information for this research which may involve

checklists, coding schemes, video or audio recording, or note-taking to ensure that

observations are systematic and consistent. Since the research involves a naturalistic

setting, this will include observing the subject or phenomenon in its real-world context,

and to study behavior or events as they naturally occur, without artificial

manipulation.

B. Surveys- In this research, a survey will be divided into two general

respondents: the patients and the facilitators. For the patients, a survey will be

conducted to collect data on their opinions in relation to the facilities of the medical

clinic. Specifically, they will be asked about their preferences about which

environmental setting will help them more in their process of healing, which then will

explore the following issues; the color, the lighting, the materials/ the textures in the

overall surroundings. The respondents will also be asked some narrative questions

about their inclusivity and their accessibility to the facilities. Several photos will be

shown in order for them to visually analyze their choices. These photos will be based

on the required user requirements for patients inside a mental health facility.

For the facilitators, the interview will include questions like: "What are the

procedures taken and how individuals are diagnosed with mental or emotional

issues?”, “What services do you provide in the center?”; “Was there any dangers that

some facilities brought to the patients? If yes, in what way?”; “What features have

been used in the center to ensure the patient’s security, privacy, and safety?”

Qualitative method will be used to collect accurate data based on studies and

professional experiences.

23
 After taking the responses, the data will be transcribed for the

recommendations in this research.

Research Tools & Instruments

Prepared Questionnaires- Written questionnaires will be handed out to the

respondents as an ethnological method for documenting and collecting information

for the studies.

Camera- This will serve as visual evidence for observational recordings of the

surroundings. Using this instrument can be a huge help on focusing on a specific

action and recording material that may be used as a database for coding and

interpretation, for evaluation, or for profiling purposes.

24
 CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The results that the researchers have gathered to address the issues raised in the

study are presented in this chapter. The collected data were totaled, organized into

tables, talked about, and detailed. There were 31 respondents in total; the first column

shows the questionnaires, and the second shows the number of people who chose their

answers from column 1. Unfortunately, the number of the respondents needed for this

research didn’t meet the quota. The reason being that the Marikina Rehabilitation

Center is inclusive only for specific individuals with specific needs, and the number of

patients change every 6 months according to the management. However, the results

were given much care and attention to make valuable conclusions and

recommendations.

Table 1 shows the tallied data of the responses of respondents to the

questionnaires in relation to the facilities of Marikina Rehabilitation Center.

Table 1. Results
Questionnaires No. of Respondents
Male Female

1. How does the environment of the facility

make you feel?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 0 0
• Satisfied 17 6
• Very Satisfied 6 2
• Extremely Satisfied 0 0

25
2. Does the facility’s environment make you
feel safe and secure?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 0 0
• Satisfied 12 2
• Very Satisfied 8 5
• Extremely Satisfied 3 1
3. How does the facility’s environment affect
your mood?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 0 0
• Satisfied 17 3
• Very Satisfied 6 5
• Extremely Satisfied 0 0
4. Does the facility’s environment help you
relax?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 0 1
• Satisfied 10 5
• Very Satisfied 11 2
• Extremely Satisfied 2 0
5. Does the facility’s environment help you feel
more comfortable?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 1 2
• Satisfied 14 5
• Very Satisfied 7 1
• Extremely Satisfied 1 0
6. Does the facility’s environment help you feel
more positive?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 2 0
• Satisfied 13 6
• Very Satisfied 8 2

26
 • Extremely Satisfied 0 0

7. Does the facility’s environment help you feel

more hopeful?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 1 0
• Satisfied 8 7
• Very Satisfied 12 1
• Extremely Satisfied 2 0
8. Does the facility’s environment help you feel
more optimistic?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 0 0
• Satisfied 10 7
• Very Satisfied 12 1
• Extremely Satisfied 1 0
9. Does the facility’s environment help you feel
more energized?
• Extremely Dissatisfied 0 0
• Not Satisfied 0 0
• Satisfied 10 4
• Very Satisfied 11 4
• Extremely Satisfied 2 0

Discussion and summary based on the results and analysis of the data

presented in the table on this research are as follows:

Overall Environment of the Center:

Out of 23 male respondents, 17 of them feels satisfied with the overall

environment of the center, while 6 of them feels very satisfied. On the other hand, 6

out of 8 female respondents feels satisfied and the other 2 feels very satisfied.

27
Safety and Security:

12 out of 23 male respondents feels satisfied that they are safe and secured

within the center. 8 feels very satisfied, and 3 feels extremely satisfied.

For the female respondents, 2 out of 8 respondents feels satisfied, 5 feels very

satisfied, and 1 feels extremely satisfied with the safety and security of the center.

How the facilities affect their mood:

17 out of 23 male respondents feels satisfied, while 6 feels very satisfied. 3 out

of 8 female respondents feels satisfied, and 5 feels very satisfied.

How the facilities contribute to their relaxation:

10 out of 23 male respondents are satisfied that they can relax well within the

facility, 12 feels very satisfied, and the remaining 1 feels extremely satisfied. For the

female respondents, 1 feels not satisfied, 5 feels satisfied and 2 feels very satisfied.

How the facilities make them feel comfortable:

1 out of 23 male respondents is not satisfied with the comfortability of the

center, 14 feels satisfied, 7 feels very satisfied, and 1 feels extremely satisfied. 2 out of

8 female respondents are not satisfied, 5 feels satisfied and 1 feels extremely satisfied.

How the facilities bring them positivity:

2 out of 23 male respondents are not satisfied about the positivity that the

facilities bring them, 13 feels satisfied, and 8 are very satisfied. 6 out of 8 female

respondents feel satisfied and 2 feels very satisfied.

28
How the facilities bring them hope:

1 out of 23 male respondents is not satisfied and doesn’t feel like the facilities

brings him hope, 8 are satisfied, 12 feels very satisfied, and 1 feels extremely satisfied. 7

out of 8 respondents feels satisfied and the remaining 1 is very satisfied.

How the facilities make them optimistic:

10 out of 23 male respondents feels very satisfied that the facilities make them

optimistic, 12 feels very satisfied and 1 feels extremely satisfied. 7 out of 8 female

respondents feels satisfied, and 1 feels very satisfied.

How the facilities help the get energized:

10 out of 23 male respondents feels satisfied that the facilities help them get

energized, 11 feels very satisfied, and 2 feels extremely satisfied. 4 out of 8 female

respondents feels satisfied, and the other 4 feels very satisfied.

Tables 2.1- 2.4 shows the tallied data of the responses from the Additional

Questionnaires which includes Visual Aids.

The respondents were presented two (2) choices each for four (4) categories;

Lighting Options, Window Options, Wall Color Options, and Outdoor Environment

Options for their Special User Requirements preferences.

29
Table 2.1 Lighting Options

No. of Respondents: No. of Respondents:

12 19

Table 2.2 Window Options

No. of Respondents: No. of Respondents:

20 11

Table 2.3 Wall Color Options

No. of Respondents: No. of Respondents:

22 9

30
Table 2.4 Outdoor Environment Options

No. of Respondents: No. of Respondents:

3 28

Discussion and summary based on the results and analysis of the data

presented in the table on this research are as follows:

Table 2.1. 12 out of 31 respondents prefers cool light (right photo) than warm

light (left photo).

Table 2.2. 20 out of 31 respondents prefers large windows (left photo) than small

windows (left photo).

Table 2.1. 22 out of 31 respondents prefers bright wall colors (left photo) than

neutral wall colors (right photo).

Table 2.1. 28 out of 31 respondents prefers a large outdoor environment with

more greeneries (right photo) than a small outdoor environment with less greeneries

(left photo).

31
 CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter includes the conclusions drawn from the study's findings and results,

as well as suggestions made following careful consideration of the data collection

process and interpretation of the collected information.

Conclusions

• Overall Positive Perception: While the study did not meet its quota of

respondents, the available data suggests a generally positive perception of the

Marikina Rehabilitation Center (MRC) among patients. Respondents reported

feeling satisfied or very satisfied with the overall environment, safety and security,

mood impact, relaxation potential, and facilities' contribution to comfort,

positivity, hope, and optimism.

• Areas for Improvement: Despite the positive overall perception, some areas

could benefit from improvement. Notably, 1-2 respondents in each category

expressed dissatisfaction with aspects like comfortability, positivity, and the

energizing effect of the facilities. Additionally, the small sample size limits the

generalizability of these findings.

• Preference for Natural Elements and Openness: The responses to the additional

questionnaires with visual aids provide valuable insights into patient preferences

for special user requirements. Patients overwhelmingly favored cool lighting,

large windows, bright wall colors, and a larger outdoor environment with more

greenery. These preferences suggest a desire for natural elements, openness,

and a stimulating environment.

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Recommendations:

• Conduct further research with a larger sample size: To obtain more statistically

significant and generalizable results, it is crucial to conduct the research with a

larger and more diverse group of patients at the MRC.

• Address specific areas for improvement: Based on the identified areas for

improvement, consider implementing targeted interventions or design changes

to enhance patient comfort, positivity, and the energizing effect of the facilities.

• Incorporate patient preferences: When considering design upgrades or

renovations, actively incorporate the preferences revealed in this study, such as

cool lighting, large windows, bright wall colors, and ample green spaces.

• Promote open and natural environments: The research suggests that patients at

the MRC value open and natural environments. Consider design strategies that

maximize natural light, ventilation, and access to views of nature.

• Continue collaborating with patients and staff: Ongoing collaboration with both

patients and staff is crucial for ensuring that the MRC's design and services

continue to meet the evolving needs and preferences of its users.

This research provides valuable insights into the special user requirements of patients at

the Marikina Rehabilitation Center. By addressing the identified areas for improvement

and incorporating patient preferences, the MRC can further enhance its facilities and

programs to create a more supportive and therapeutic environment for patients on

their journey to recovery.

Additional Notes:

1. The research could be strengthened by including qualitative data, such as

33
 interviews or focus groups, to gain deeper insights into patient experiences and

needs.

2. It is important to consider the specific budget and logistical constraints of the

MRC when making recommendations for improvements.

3. Collaboration with relevant stakeholders, such as architects, designers, and

mental health professionals, can be instrumental in translating research findings

into actionable design interventions.

34
References:

Times, T. M. (2016, September 19). Marikina eyes expansion of rehab center for drug
users. The Manila Times. https://www.manilatimes.net/2016/09/19/latest-
stories/breakingnews/marikina-eyes-expansion-of-rehab-center-for-drug-
users/286699

Abeywardane, H., Gunarathna, W., & Gayantha, K. (2021). Architectural attributes

which effect on rehabilitation and reintegration of juvenile correctional facilities.
ResearchGate.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348430340_Architectural_attributes_whic
h_effect_on_rehabilitation_and_reintegration_of_juvenile_correctional_facilities

Alameri, S. (2018). Architecture of drug addiction rehabilitation. ResearchGate.

https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22090.21442

Etherington, R., & Etherington, R. (2016, September 13). Rehabilitation Centre Groot
Klimmendaal by Architectenbureau Koen van Velsen. Dezeen.
https://www.dezeen.com/2011/03/25/rehabilitation-centre-groot-klimmendaal-by-
architectenbureau-koen-van-velsen/

Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Centre – Montgomery Sisam. (n.d.).

Montgomery Sisam -. https://www.montgomerysisam.com/project/sister-margaret-
smith-addictions-treatment-centre/

UNICEF, 2006. JUVENILE JUSTICE IN SOUTH ASIA: Improving Protection for Children
in Conflict with the Law, Kathmandu: s.n.

ArchDaily. (2011 B, April 08). Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal. Retrieved from
ArchDaily: https://www.archdaily.com/126290/rehabilitation-centre-groot
klimmendaal-koen-van-velsen

ArchDaily. (2011 A, February 15). Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Centre /
Kuch Stephenson Gibson Malo Architects and Engineer + Montgomery Sisam
Architects. Retrieved October 17, 2018, from ArchDaily:
https://www.archdaily.com/109414/sister margaret-smith-addictions-treatment
centre-montgomery-sisam architects

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 APPENDIX A
Documentation Photos

MRC Entrance

MRC Open Court/ Outdoor Activity Area

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MRC Administration Office MRC Administration Office

MRC Male Quarters MRC Female Quarters

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 A part of MRC kitchen

Photo OP with the staff of MRC

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 APPENDIX B
Questionnaires

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