sIff !

@ sf] g]kfnL ljifosf] bf];|f] q}dfl;s k/LIffsf

nflu gd'gf k|Zg

rf/j6} ;]6sf ;a} k|Zgsf pQ/ n]v]/ k/LIffsf nflu

tof/L ug'{xf];\ . ;fy} lstfa / sIffdf n]v]sf gf]6 /
Jofjxfl/s n]vgsf] klg cEof; ug'{xf];\ .
 ;]6 s

-;kmf, :ki6, df}lns / l;h{gfTds pQ/nfO{ cª\s lbFbf a9L k|fyldstf

lbOg] 5 ._
!= tnsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf b]vfO{ cIf/ ;ª\Vof;d]t n]Vg'xf];\ M #
ltdL clgjfo{ cfˆgf] gfd gu/kflnsf uP/ l6kfpm gq ;a}n] /,
va/bf/L u5{g\ .
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\ M #
d}n] pg sf] syfdf of] ;kmntf kgL hf]8\g kfP . to;kl5 d /
d]/f] laxfgsf ;fly ltg} lkkn / rf}/t/km nfu]F .
#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M @
s_ lbOPsf] c+zaf6 Pscf]6f kfl/eflifs zAb / Pscf]6f cg's/0ffTds
zAb klxrfg u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ .
a]jfl/;] zjsf] d'r'Nsf p7fpg k|x/L sfof{noaf6 ltghgf k|x/L
36gf:yntk{m k'mQ lgl:sP . k|x/L e]g e'?? w'nf] p8fpFb} cufl8 a9\of]
.
v_ lbOPsf] cg'R5]baf6 Pp6f pvfg / Pp6f 6'Ssf klxrfg u/L
ltgnfO{ jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ .
ufp“+df PSsfl; dxfljklQ k¥of] . o:tf] j]nf klg tdf;f x]g]{ / sfgdf
t]n xfn]/ a:g]sf] sdL ePg . tLdWo] s]xLn] eg] cfkm\gf] uf+“; sf6]/ eP
klg arfP . of] s'/f Ps sfg b'O{ sfg d}bfg em}+ ;a}lt/ km}lnof] .
l5d]sL, Oi6ldq ;a}sf] ;xof]un] Psn] y'sL ;'sL ;on] y'sL gbL em}+
x'+b} uof] . vfg] d'vnfO{ h“'ufn] 5]Sb}g eg]+ em}+ ;xof]uL dgn] rl/tfy{
u/]/} 5f8] .
$= /]vfªs\g ul/Psf zAbx¿sf] kbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'xf];\ M #
 g]kfnsf cUnf lxdlzv/, snsn aUg] gbLgfnf, s:t"/L / d'gfn;Fu
;fOgf] ufF:g cfpg] ;a} ko{6sx¿nfO{ xfdL :jfut ub}{gf}F / <
%= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{cf]6f tT;d / b'O{cf]6f tb\ej zAb klxrfg
u/L n]Vg'xf];\ MM @
ufpFsf] ljBfnodf sIff cf7df k9\bf d klxnf] k6s xl:k6n uPsf] lyPF
. ToxfF
8fS6/n] PS;/] u/L zNolqmof u/L tLtf] cf}ifwL vfg lbPsf lyP .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M #
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLg tLg pk;u{ / k|Too Jo'TkGg zAb vf]hL
ltgsf] lgdf{0fk|lqmof b]vfpg'xf];\ M
bofn' JolQmsf] csfn d[To' eof] eGg] s'/fdf cgkTof/ x'g'
:jfefljs g} xf] . oBlk s;}sf] s'enf] glrtfO{ ;bf ;'sfo{df nfu]sf
To:tf ljlzi6 JolQmsf] d[To'sf] va/ ;'Gbf hf] sf]xLsf] dg b'vL x'g]
lglZrt 5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLg tLg ;d:t / låTj zAb klxrfg u/L
;d:tsf] lju|x / låTj zAbsf] lgdf{0f k|lqmof b]vfpg'xf];\M
;f/Lrf]nf] nfPsL d[ugogL ;flgdfsf] /ftf]lk/f] cg'xf/ b]v]/
efGbfOn] eg],pxfF hGd]b]lv g} d/d;fnf xfn]/ ksfPsf] vfg]s'/f
vkfvk vfg'x'Gg vfgkfgdf ljz]if Wofg lbg'x'G5 . lbglbg}
of]ufEof; ug'{x'G5 . To;}n] lxhf]cfh pxfFsf] k'mlt{kmftL{ lgs} a9]sf]
5 . cfcfˆgf] afgLdf ;'wfg]{ xf] eg] :jf:Yo /fd|f] x'G5 .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
s_ s/0f, ;Dk|bfg, ckfbfg / cwLs/0f sf/s k|of]u u/L Pp6f cg'R5]b
tof/ kfg'{xf];\ .
v_ cfb/;ª\ult ldnfO{ lbOPsf] cg'R5]bsf] k'gn]{vg ug{'xf];\ M
a'af lxF8b} ahf/ uP . efO klg a'af;Fu} hfg'eof] . a'afn] efOnfO{
ld7fO lslglbP . efO v';L x'g'eof] .
*= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
s_ tnsf cg'R5]bsf jfSonfO{ k"0f{ eljiotdf kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ M
 ltdL /fd|/L k9 . d klg ;kmn aG5' . 5f]/L lstfa k9\5] . tF 3/
hf . xfdL Ps lrxfg pkGof; k9\5f}F .
v_ tnsf st[{jfRosf jfSonfO{ sd{ jfRodf kl/j{tg ug'{xf];\ .
xfdL kf]v/f 3'Dg uof}F . xfdLn] k]mjftfnsf] kmGsf] nufof}F . xfdL
;/fªsf]6 klg uof}F . tLglbgsf] kf]v/f a;fO kl5 xfdL sf7df8f}F
kmls{of}F .
(= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
-s_ tnsf cf7j6f ;/n jfSonfO{ rf/j6f hl6n -ld>÷;+o'St_
jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{xf];\ M
k/LIff cfpF5 . ljBfyL{x¿ k9\5g\ . ljBfyL{x¿ ldlxg]t u5{g .
ljBfyL{x¿ pQL0f{ x'G5g\ . k/LIffkmn k|sflzt x'G5 . ljBfyL{x¿
pT;flxt x'G5g\ . ;a} ljBfyL{ ;kmn x'G5g\ . lzIfsn] awfO{ lbg'x'G5
.
-v_tnsf jfSonfO{ ck|ToIf sygdf kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ .
;fyLn] eGof], æltdL d]x]gt u/ .Æ
d}n] eg], æ;Sbf] d]x]gt u/]sf] 5' .Æ
;fyLn] eGof], æltd|f] k|ultdf d v';L x'G5' .Æ
d}n] eg]‘, æd ;a}nfO{ v';L agfpF5' .Æ
!)= tnsf] uBf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M %
lzIffdf dlxnfx¿ kl5 kg'{df cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ef}uf]lns agfj6 /
/fhgLlts sf/0f k|d'v /x]sf 5g\ . lzIffdf dlxnf ;xeflutf sd
x'g'sf cfly{s / ;fdflhs sf/0fx¿sf ¿kdf cfly{s ljkGgtf,
z}lIfs r]tgfsf] sdL, k/Dk/fut ;fdflhs wf/0ff, cGwljZjf; tyf
¿9Ljfb, l56f] ljjfx, 3/fo;L sfddf dlxnfsf] a9L ;+nUgtf
cflbnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dlxnf lzIffsf] pko'Qm
ljsf;sf nflu plNnlvt sf/0fx¿nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ of]hgf agfO{
sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 . vf;u/L dlxnf lzIffk|lt /x]sf
 gs/fTds wf/0ff, cGwljZjf;, ;fdflhs e]befj x6fO{ clwsf/sf]
sb/ ug{] / 5f]/Lx¿nfO{ :s'n k7fpg] sfo{df ;dfhnfO{ clek|]l/t
ul/g' cfjZos 5 . To;}u/L ef}uf]lns b[li6n] ljs6 / b'u{d
If]qx¿df ljBfno tyf cGo lzIf0f ;+:yf vf]Ng] sfdnfO{ k|fyldstf
lbg' / ljkGg ju{sf nflu cfod"ns sfo{qmd tyf pko'Qm
/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ l;h{gf ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ lzIffdf dlxnfx¿ kl5 kg'{sf sf/0fx¿ s] s] x'g\ <
v_ lzIffdf dlxnf ;xeflutf s;/L u/fpg ;lsG5 <
u_ dflysf] cg'R5]bsf nflu pko'Qm zLif{s /fVg'xf];\ .
3_ …clej[l4Ú / …cGwljZjf;Ú zAbsf] cy{ n]Vg'xf];\ .
ª_ ljkGg ju{sf nflu s] ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 <
!!= tn lbOPsf] uBf+zaf6 rf/j6f a'Fbf l6kL ;f/f+z n]Vg'xf];\ M @±#
tLy{:ynsf b[li6n] ;d]t /];'ª\ufsf] dxgLo j}lzi6\o 5 . k|frLg
o'udf Cioz[ª\u Clifsf] tkf]e"ld ePsfn] pg} Clifsf] gfd cke|+z
eP/ /];'ª\uf ePsf] xf] eGg] ls+jbGtL kfOG5 . tL Cioz[ª\u Clifn]
g} bz/ysf ;Gtfg gePkl5 cof]Wofdf uP/ k'q]li7 o1 u/fPsf] /
/fdnId0f h:tf ;Gtfgx¿ hlGdPsf] ;Gbe{;d]t ljleGg u|Gyx¿df
kfOG5 . To:tf dxTjk"0f{ JolQmn] tk:of u/]sf] o; kljq e"lddf
l;4afaf, lji0f', lzj / u0f]zsf dlGb/x¿;d]t 5g\ . elgG5,
Cioz[ª\u d'lgsf] bz{g ug{ cof]Wofaf6 cfPsf /fd nId0fn] ltg}
Clif;Fu ToxfFsf ;d:ofsf af/]df k|Zg u/]sf / tL Clifn] kfgLsf]
;d:of atfPkl5 hldgdf af0f xfg]/ kfgL lgsfn]sf] s'jfsf] gfd
/fds'jfsf gfdn] clxn] klg ToxfF b]Vg ;lsG5 . @)$! ;fndf
of]uL g/xxl/gfyn] Ps dlxgf sf]l6xf]d u/]kZrft\ n's]sf] /];'ª\ufsf]
dxTj /fli6[o?kdf phfu/ x'Fb} o;sf] ko{6sLo / wfld{s dxTj
k}mlnFb} uPsf] /x]5 . /];'ª\uf ;+/If0f ;ldltn] /]vb]vdf :yfgLo
hftsf ufO{x¿ kflnPsf] uf}zfnf klg oxfF /x]sf] 5 .
 !@= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
s_ gj cfjfh o'jf ;d"xn] cgfy afnaflnsfnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ p2]Zon]
/fv]sf] a}7s lg0f{osf] gd'gf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .
v_ ;fx' /fdsfhL yfkf;Fu ¿ ^),))) .– -;f7L xhf/_ C0f lnPsf]
Joxf]/f v'nfP/ C0fL k|sfz zdf{n] n]Vg] td;'ssf] gd'gf tof/
kfg'{xf];\ .
!#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M %
s_ cfkm" ;xefuL ePsf] z}lIfs e|d0fsf] ;a} ljj/0f ;d]6\b} !%)
zAbdf g36fO{ k|ltj]bg n]Vg'xf];\ .
v_= …;jf/L b'3{6gfÚ zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] Pp6f l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf];\ .

!$= s'g} Pssf] JofVof ug'{xf];\ . $

-s_ dg}{k5{ eg] klg k/ k'uL d/f}F

ge'mSg] of] lxdfndf lsg em'sL d/f}F

hlt r9\of] plt afFsL lxdr'nL lzv/

gb]v]sf] s'/f x]g]{ xfdLnfO{ /x/ .

v_ gL/; lhGbuLnfO{ /;fpg dfofsf] ;ª\nf] gbL rflxG5 . 5xf/Lbf/

cf]t rflxG5 . lhGbuL xfF;f] /f]bg, b'Mv kL8f, syf Joyfn] el/Psf]
;fd"lxs e]n xf] . cfkt\, ;'v / b'Mv ;a}nfO{ k5{ .
!%=s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M $
s=tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M
Ps lbg d]/L ;fgL 5f]/L v]Ng aflx/ lg:s]sL gf} aHbf klg 3/ kmls{g .
Tota]nf ;'af]w 3/d} x'g'x'GYof] . d}n] ?Fb} 5f]/LnfO{ vf]Hg ;'af]w;Fu
cg'/f]w u/]F . 5f]/fnfO{ lnP/ d em6\6} lgl:sxfn]F . c¿ lrg]sf bfO,
efOx¿nfO{ klg ;'gfPF . slt 7fpFdf vf]Hbf klg 5f]/LnfO{ kfpg ;lsgF .
kl;gfn] a];/L leh]/ 3/ kms]{F . xftv'6\6f nNofsn'n's eO;s]sf lyP .
d'6'sf] w8\sg hf]8;Fu alh/x]sf] lyof] . 3/ kms{Fbf ;'af]w knªdf kN6]/
lstfa kl9/fVg' ePsf] lyof] . dg ;fx|} ljlIfKt eof] .
c_ 5f]/L x/fpFbf ddtfdf s:tf] cj:yf pTkGg eof] <
cf_ ;'af]w lsg a]dtna ag]sf] xf] <
=v=tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M
;To s'/fnfO{ ltdL o;/L
r'DalsP/ syf ;'g] em}F ;'Gg] 5}gf}
ltdL To;nfO{ cfkmF} g} b]Vg ;Sg], ;xg ;Sg] /
u|x0f ug{ ;Sg] x'g] 5f} .
d}n] o;/L w}o{ lbg'sf] ;6\6f ;ª\u|fddf hfFbf
nfv ;DemfP/ klg gdfGg] cfdfsf] dgnfO{
;fGTjgf lbFb} labf x'g] 5f} .
k|Zgx¿ M
s= lsg j|mflGtsf] cfjZostf k/]sf] xf] <
v= dflysf] sljtf+zsf] d"n efj s] xf] <
!^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ . $
s_ …3g3:ofsf] psfnf] sf6\bfÚ lgofqfdf lgofqfsf/n] k|s[ltnfO{
dfgjLs/0f u/]sf] k|;ª\u tkfO{FnfO{ s:tf] nfUof], cfˆgf] ljrf/
k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .
v_ …dft[TjÚ syfsL gf/L kfq ddtfn] cfˆgf 5f]/f5f]/Lk|lt b]vfPsf]
ddtf tkfO{FnfO{ s:tf] nfUof], cfˆgf] ljrf/ k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .
!&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] ;dLIffTds pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M *
-s_ Ps lrxfg pkGof;df g]kfnL ;dfhsf] s:tf] ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts
lrq k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 < ts{;lxt n]Vg'xf];\ .
-v_ b[9 OR5fzlQm, 1fgzlQm / lqmofzlQmsf ;fd' zf/Ll/s /f]u
zlQmxLg x'G5 . o; egfOnfO{ …l:6kmg ljlnod xlsªÚ kf7sf
cfwf/df k'li6 ug'{xf];\ .
!*= s'g} Ps zLif{sdf @%) zAbdf g36fO{ lgaGw n]Vg'xf];\ M *
s= ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf kmfObf / a]kmfObf
v= sDKo'6/ lzIffsf] dxTTj
 u= d]/f] ;+:s[lt M d]/f] kl/ro

;dfKt
@= ;]6 v
-;kmf, :ki6, df}lns / l;h{gfTds pQ/nfO{ cª\s lbFbf a9L k|fyldstf
lbOg] 5 ._
!= tnsf /]vflª\st zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf b]vfO{ cIf/ ;ª\Vof;d]t
n]Vg'xf];\ M #
xf], sfn r~rn] 5 cfˆg} nx8df rN5 To;nfO{ RofKk 5f]kL gf/] kf]
lhGbuL xf] .

@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\ M #

gfuo'js b':6fTdf xf] eGg] s'/ft To; sf] sfd's cfvf / :j/af6}
bdolGtn] a'lem;s]sL lyOg .
#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M @
s_ lbOPsf] c+zaf6 Ps–Ps j6f kfl/eflifs zAb / cg's/0ffTds zAb
klxrfg u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ .
sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx? e|i6frf/n] r'n'{Dd 8'a]sf 5g\ . hgtfnfO{ /fxt
st}af6 5}g . a'ª\aª' \tL w'nf] p8fpFb} u'8]sf] uf8Ldf a;]/ 6'n'6'n'
‰ofnaf6 x]/L d ;f]Rb} lyPF .
v_ lbOPsf] cg'R5]baf6 Ps–Ps j6f pvfg / 6'Ssf klxrfg u/L
jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ .
crfgf]sf] kL/ v's'/Ln] hfGb}g eg]em}+ ljb]zdf kl;gf aufpg] g]kfnLsf]
dd{ b]zdf ;'v;on u/L a:g]n] a'‰g ;Sb}g . ljb]zL e"lddf s}of}+ uf]tf
vfFb} tf]/Lsf] km"n b]v]sf g]kfnLn] h'g hf]uL cfP klg sfg} lr/]sf h:tf
g]tfx?nfO{ ufnL gu/L s] u?g t <
$= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfªs\g ul/Psf zAbx¿sf] kbju{ klxrfg u/L
n]Vg'xf];\ M# #
ltdLn] eg]/ dfq} d}n] of] s'/f dfg]sL x'F gq ul/a ls;fgnfO{ df/]/
emf]nL eg]{ afgL t d]/f] lyPg . ofb /fv u'lnof] lrgL w/} vfP lttf]
nfUg yfN5 a'em\of} <
%= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb klxrfg u/L

n]Vg'xf];\M@

;"of]{bo x'gf;fy cfˆgf b'j} s/ hf]8L Clifn] k|fy{gf ;'? u/] . of] ;a} k/
a;]sf 6'l/:6 / p;sf] ufO8n] x]l//x]sf lyP . 6'l/:6 k|zGg x'bF } Sofd]/fn]
kmf]6f] lSns ug{ yfNof] .

^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M #

s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLg j6f pk;u{ / tLg j6f k|Too zAb l6kL
lgdf{0f k|lqmof ;d]t b]vfpg'xf];\
g]kfn k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{sf b[li6n] cToGt dgf]x/ 5 . o;}n] g]kfn
;+;f/d} ko{6gsf nflu cfsif{s uGtJosf ?kdf kl/lrt 5 .
g]kfn cTo'Rr ;'Gb/ ;/f]j/sf] ck'j{ / cnf}lss ;ª\ud :yn xf]
.
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 5 j6f ;lGw o'Qm zAb klxrfg u/L ;lGw
ljR5]b ug'{xf];\M
cfkm"n] l;s]sf ;}4flGts 1fgnfO{ Jofjxfl/s ?kdf d"t{tf k|bfg ug{
ljBfyL{x¿ ljBfnoaf6 z}lIfs e|d0fdf hfG5g\ . k|To]s ljBfyL{n]
cfcfˆgf cg'ej l6kf]6 u5{g\ . o:tf] cg'ejn] ljBfyL{df df}lns /
tfls{s Ifdtfsf] ljsf; x'G5 .
u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLg tLg ;d:t / låTj zAb klxrfg u/L
;d:tsf] lju|x / låTj zAbsf] lgdf{0f k|lqmof b]vfpg'xf];\ M
;f/Lrf]nf] nfPsL d[ugogL ;flgdfsf] /ftf]lk/f] cg'xf/ b]v]/
efGbfOn] eg], æpxfF hGd]b]lv g} d/d;fnf xfn]/ ksfPsf] vfg]s'/f
vkfvk vfg'x'Gg . vfgkfgdf ljz]if Wofg lbg'x'G5 . lbglbg}
of]ufEof; ug'{x'G5 . To;}n] lxhf]cfh pxfFsf] km'tL{kmftL{ lgs} a9]sf]
5 . cfcfˆgf] afgLdf ;'wfg]{ xf] eg] :jf:Yo /fd|f] x'G5 .Æ
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
s_ lbOPsf jfSonfO{ pRr cfb/df ?kfGt/0f u/L n]Vg'xf];\ M
tF 1fgL 5;\ . ldlxg]t u5{;\ . o;/L g} cufl8 a9\b} hf . t]/f] eljio
pHhjn x'g]5 .
v_ n], nfO{, af6, åf/f, b]lv, sf], gf, tyf df ljelQmsf] k|of]u u/L cf7
jfSodf
cfˆgf] cfbz{ JolQmsf af/]df j0f{g ug'{xf];\ .
*= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSonfO{ k"0f{ jt{dfg sfndf kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ M
ltdL /fd|/L k9 . d klg ;kmn aGg]5' . 5f]/L lstfa k9\nL . tF 3/
hfnf;\ . xfdL Ps lrxfg pkGof; k9\Yof}F .
v_ lbOPsf jfSonfO{ t[tLo k'?ifdf ?kfGt/0f u/L n]Vg'xf];\ .
d ;w}F ;a]/} p7\5' . lgTo sd{ l;WofO{ d k'hf sf]7fdf k:5\' . k'hf ug{
dnfO{ w]/} ;do nfU5 . To;kl5 d ljxfgsf] lrofgf:tf vfgtk{m
nfU5 .

(= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $

s_ tnsf cf7j6f ;/n jfSonfO{ rf/j6f hl6n -ld>÷;+o'St_ jfSodf
;+Zn]if0f ug'{xf];\ M
ljBfyL{n] ;f]w]sf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbP . l;s]sf s'/f Jojxf/df ptfg{
;s]gg\ . Jojxfl/s lzIff dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . clxn]sf] lzIff ;}4flGts
5 . ;}4flGts lzIff k4lt kl/jt{g x'g' h?/L 5 . o;n] z}lIfs
a]/f]huf/L a9fpg] 5 . l;ko'Qm lzIff klg cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .
l;ko'Qm lzIffn] a9\bf] a]/f]huf/L lgoGq0f ub{5 .
v_ lgDglnlvt jfSox¿nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{xf];\M
eLd;]g yfkfn] w/x/f agfPsf lyP . &@ ;fndf e'OFrfnf] uof] .
e'OFrfnf]df w/x/f elTsof] . w/x/fsf] cl:tTj ;dfKt eof] .

!)= tnsf] uBf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M %

;dfrf/ eGgfn] ;fdfGoM xfnva/ jf gofF 36gfsf] ljj/0f eGg]
a'lemG5 . o;}n] /]l8of], l6eL h:tf >Job[Zo dfWodaf6 k|;fl/t jf
klqsf cflb 5fkf dfWodaf6 k|sfl;t 36gfsf tfhf ljj/0f
;dfrf/ x'g\ . ;dfhdf 36\g] 36gfsf] ljj/0f ePsfn] ;dfrf/
dflg;sf] kx'Frleqsf] ljifo xf] . ;dfrf/sf ljifo cGtu{t
/fhgLlt, lzIff, v]ns'b, Jofkf/, jfl0fHo, ;+:s[lt cflb h'g;'s} x'g
;S5g\ . o;/L h'g;'s} ljifo ;dfrf/ aGg ;Sg] eP klg s'g} klg
 ljifo cfk}Fmdf ;dfrf/ eg] x'Fb}g . h'g s'/fn] kf7s >f]tfsf] Wofg
cfslif{t u5{ / gofF ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f u5{ To:tf] ljifoj:t' ;dfrf/
aG5 . ;dfrf/nfO{ /f]rs agfpg] eGb}df oyfy{nfO{ kl/Tofu ug{
rflxF k"0f{tM jlh{t 5 . ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0fdf ;+jfbbftf k'/} t6:y /xg'
/fd|f] dlgG5 . p;n] cfˆgf] /fo, ljrf/ jf lg0f{oeGbf 36gf jf
;"rgfsf] tYok/s ljj/0f lbP dfq k'U5 . ;dfrf/sf] pb]Zo
cfdhgtf;Dd ;Gb]z k'of{pg' xf] . o;}n] ;dfrf/sf] efiff ;s];Dd
;/n x'g'k5{ . ;dfrf/df 5f]6f5f]6f jfSo k|of]u ug'{ /fd|f] dflgG5 .
o:tf jfSodf cgfjZos ljz]if0f jf lqmofljz]if0f k|of]u ug'{ /fd|f]
dflgFb}g . o;}n] ;dfrf/sf] z}nL ljlzi6 x'G5 . oxL z}nLut
a}lzi6\os} cfwf/df ;dfrf/nfO{ 36gfk/s, k|ls|ofk/s / lkmr/ u/L
tLg k|sf/df juL{s/0f ul/G5 . 36gfk|wfg ;dfrf/ k|foM b[Zo
ljj/0fdf s]lG›t x'G5 . o:tf] ;dfrf/df sf] < s] < lsg <
s;/L < slxn] < h:tf k|Zgsf] pQ/ vf]Hg] k|of; ul/G5 .
k|ls|ofk/s ;dfrf/df 36gfsf] ;/;/tL j0f{g dfq gu/L tYosf]
lj:t[t JofVof, To;sf] k[i7e"ld / kl/0ffdsf af/]df klg pNn]v
ul/Psf] x'G5 . lkmr/df rflxF s'g} vf; 36gf jf tYonfO{ snfTds
agfP/ k|:t't ul/G5 . o;}n] lkmr/ cGo b'O{ lsl;dsf ;dfrf/eGbf
a9L ;flxlTos x'g] u5{ . ;du|df eGbf ;Totf, ljZj;gLotf,
gjLgtf, /f]rstf, ;Gt'ng, eflifs ;/ntf, :ki6tf / ld7f;
;dfrf/sf ljz]iftf x'g\ .
k|Zgx¿ M
-s_ s:tf] ljifoj:t' ;dfrf/ aGg ;S5 <
-v_ ;dfrf/sf] efiff s:tf] x'g' k5{ <
-u_ lkmr/, 36gfk/s / k|ls|ofk/s ;dfrf/df s] leGgtf 5 <
-3_ ;dfrf/sf ljz]iftf s]s] x'g\ <
ª_ ;flxlTos / gjLgtf zAbsf] lgdf{0f k|lqmof b]vfpg'xf];\ .

!!= tn lbOPsf] uBf+zaf6 rf/j6f a'Fbf l6kL ;f/f+z n]Vg'xf];\ M @±#

;xsf/Lsf] pkfb]otf ;dfhsf x/]s If]qdf plQs} eP tfklg cfly{s
;d[l4 / ljsf;df o;sf] dxTTj lgs} ljlzi6 /x]sf] 5 . ljsf;sf] d'Vo
cfwf/ cfly{s ;d[l4 xf] . ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos cfly{s ;d[l4df
;xsf/Lsf] e"ldsf ckl/xfo{ 7fg]/ g} ;+;f/sf cljsl;t, ljsf;f]Gd'v /
ljsl;t ;a} b]zn] ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgf / ;~rfng ul//]xsf 5g\ . w]/}
b]zn] ;xsf/Lsf dfWodaf6 cfly{s ;d[l4 xfl;n ul/;s]sf 5g\ .
;+o'St /fi6« ;ª\3n] klg ;xsf/LnfO{ cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts
ljsf;sf] cfwf/:tDe :jLsf/ ub{} ;a} b]znfO{ o;sf dfWodaf6 cfˆgf]
b]zsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ePsfn] o;sf] cg';/0f ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 .
!@= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M $
s= ;okqL ;d"xn] 6f]n ;/;kmfO{ ug]{ p2]Zon] /fv]sf] a}7s lg0f{osf]
gd'gf tof/ kfg'{xf];\ .
v= dlxnf lx+;f lbgfg'lbg al9/x]sf] / o;nfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu /fHon]
;sf/fTds sbd p7fpg nflu cfu|x ub}{ sflGtk'/ b}lgs klqsfsf
;DkfbsnfO{ lr7L n]Vg'xf];\ .
!#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
s=tkfO{F ;xefuL x'g'ePsf] cfˆgf] sn]hdf cfof]lht ;f+:s[lts
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;d]6L !%) zAb;Ddsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'{xf];\ .
v= n}ª\lus lx+;f zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf];\ .
!$= s'g} Pssf] JofVof ug'{xf];\ M $
s=d]/f 5f]/f5f]/L d]/f nflu rG› / ;"o{ x'g\
v=of] lxpF d]/f] lyof], d]/f] d'6'sf] lyof] / lxdfnL xflb{stf af]s]sf] /
rlDsnf] lyof]

!%= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M $

s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M
dg}{ k5{ eg] klg k/ k'uL d/f}F
ge'mSg] of] lxdfndf lsg e'msL d/f}F <
hlt r9\of] plt afFsL lxdr'nL lzv/
gb]v]sf] s'/f x]g]{ xfdLnfO{ /x/
k|Zgx¿ M
c= dflysf] sljtf+zdf g]kfnLsf] s:tf] dfgl;stfsf] lrq0f
ul/Psf] 5 <
cf= g]kfnLn] lxdr'nLaf6 s:tf] k|]/0ff k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ <
v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M
 s'g} clhª\u/, ssf]{6s jf lgiffbo'jsn] km]l/ anhˆtL ug{ gkfcf];\,
To:tf s'g}n] b]lvxfNof] eg] klg s'¿k / af}nfxL 7fg]/ To:tfn]
cfj|md0f gu?g\ eGg] ljrf/ ub}{ bdoGtLn] cfˆgf] s]znfO{ w'nfn]
d';f/]/ huN6f h:tf] agfOg\ / cfˆgf] ¿knfO{ lxnf] bn]/ ljs[t
t'NofOg\ . dflg;sf] kl/ro p;sf] z/L/n] eGbf klg p;sf]
dl:tis / x[bon] lbg] x'Fbf z/L/nfO{ hlt;'s} IftljIft t'NofP klg
bdoGtLsf] x[bo / a'l4 eljiosf] pHofnf] cfzfdf gnk|lt emg\
emg\ a9L d'Uw / sf]dn x'Fb} uof] .
k|Zgx¿
s_ …dflg;sf] kl/ro z/L/n] eGbf klg p;sf] dl:tis / x[bon]
lbG5Ú eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
v_ bdoGtLn] cfˆgf] ¿k lsg abn]sL x'g\ <

!^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $

-s_ d}n] o;/L /f]uLnfO{ e}Fm ltd|f] skfn d';fl//xg' kg]{ 5}g, sljtf+zaf6
sljn] s] eGg vf]h]sf x'g'< k|ltlqmof n]Vg'xf];\ .
-v_ dft[Tj syfsf b'O{ kfq ddtf / ;'af]wn] rfx]sf] k|]d s:tf] xf] <
k|ltlqmof lbg'xf];\ .
!&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] ;dLIffTds pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M *
s= xlsªn] dfgjLo r]tgfnfO{ gofF prfOdf k'¥ofpg u/]sf of]ubfgsf]
;dLIff ug'{xf];\ .
v= Ps lrxfg pkGof;df k|o'Qm b'O{ gf/L rl/qx¿ gfgL ys'F /
/~hgfb]jLsf] rl/q lrq0f ug'{xf];\ .
!*= s'g} Ps zLif{sdf @%) zAbdf g36fO{ lgaGw n]Vg'xf];\ M *
s= ;fdflhs hfu/0fdf lzIff / ;~rf/
v= k':tsfnosf] dxTTj
u= d]/f] b]z / uf}td a'4
;dfKt
#= ;]6 u
-;kmf, :ki6, df}lns / l;h{gfTds pQ/nfO{ cª\s lbFbf a9L k|fyldstf
lbOg] 5 ._
!= tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx?sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf /
cIf/ ;+Vof ;d]t 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ . #
xfd|f] ;DaGw klg gf6sdf b]lvPsf] pQ/flwsf/L sf] e"ldsf h:tf] xf]Og
.
@= lbOPsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ z'4 kf/]/ n]Vg'xf];\ .
#
hf] g]kfnL xf]O{g pm gSsnL kg rfxG5, p:nfO{ ;/ntf /fd|f] nfUb}g,
kfxf8sf] lz;'x? ;Gtf]s cg'ea ub{5g\ .
#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .
@
-s_ lbOPsf c+zaf6 Pscf]6f kfl/eflifs zAb / Pscf]6f cg's/0ffTds
zAb klxrfg u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ M
lgs'~h j/k/ /x]sf dfgja:tLdf hª\unL hgfj/sf] eo x'g' :jefljs
xf] . 3'Db} hfFbf 9;d:; a;]sf af3x¿, lr/la/ s/fO/x]sf r/fx¿ klg
oqtq e]l6G5g\ . t/ dfgj;d'bfoaf6 x'g] rf]/Ll;sf/L tyf s6fgL x'g]
klg eo TolQs} 5 .
-v_ lbOPsf] cg'R5]baf6 Pp6f pvfg / Pp6f 6'Ssf klxrfg u/L
ltgnfO{ jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ M
;fgf] efOnfO{ snd lslglbPsf] t afFb/sf] xftdf gl/jn eg]em}F Pslbg
klg l6sfPg . d}n] ;'OFsf] kfPkl5 pN6} snd g} lalu|Psf] lyof] eg]/
d]/f] uf]?sf] afx|} 6Ssf ub}{ r/r/ afem\5 . dnfO{ klg hª rNg' rNof] .

$= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf zAbsf] zAbju{ klxrfg ug'{xf];\

. #
kl/>dL ls;fgn] kl/>d u/]/ w]/} cGg kmnfpF5 t/ p;n] cfkm\gf]
kl/>dsf] kmn /fd|f];Fu kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g .
%=tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{cf]6f tT;d / b'O{cf]6f cfuGt's zAb klxrfg
u/L n]Vg'xf];\ M @
laxfg e|d0fdf lg:sbf ljleGg ljBfnosf] 8«]; nufPsf ljBfyL{x?
xftdf df]afOn / Aofu le/]/ sn]h lt/ lx+8\b} cfPsf] b]lvG5 .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg"xf]; .
#
-s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLgcf]6f pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAb / tLgcf]6f
k|Too Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf] lgdf{0f k|ls|of
b]vfpg'xf];\ .
hLjg /dfOnf];Fu latfpg] /x/ s;nfO{ x'“b}g / . ;Gtfgn]
8f“8fs“f8f 9fs'g\ clg cleefjssf] ;'/Iff u?g\ eGg] ;a}sf]
ck]Iff x'G5 . c;n ag]/ cfTdLo / ;Ddflgt Jojxf/ ug'{ ;a}
c;n dflg;sf] st{Jo xf] .
 -v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLgcf]6f ;d:t zAb / tLgcf]6f låTj zAb
klxrfg u/L ;d:t zAbsf] lju|x / låTj zAbsf] bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z
b]vfpg'xf];\ .
bf]af6f]df a;]/ ukm;km r'6\b} c?sf] s'/f sf6\g] kfgL d?jfnfO{
hLjg / o;sf] dxTjsf] s'g} af]w x“'b}g hh;n] h] eg] klg xfdL
uf]a/ u0f]z em}F aGg' x'Fb}g . lgns07 eg] ax'd'lv k|ltef ePsf]
JolQm ePsf]n] c?nfO{ cfcfkm\gf] sfdsf] hfgsf/L u/fp“+b}
ufp“ufp“ 8'n]sf 5g\ .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf pQ/ lbg'xf];\ . $-
s_ n], nfO{, af6, åf/f, nflu, df ljelSt nfu]sf leGg sf/ssf] k|of]u
u/L cf7 jfSodf cfkm\gf] a'jfsf] j0f{g ug'{xf];\ .
-v_ dWod cfb/df ?kfGt/0f u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\ .
t}Fn] vf;} ldlxg]t u/]sL 5}g;\ . t]/L ;fyL lgs} ldlxg]t u5]{ . tF t
hLjgdf ;kmn aG5];\ h:tf] p;nfO{ nfUb}g . tF a9f] crDdsL 5];\ /]
p;n] eGb} lyO{ .
*=lbOPsf] Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ . $
-s_ lbOPsf jfSonfO{ t[tLo k'?ifdf kl/jt{g u/L n]Vg'xf];\ .
d]/f] z/L/ clns df]6f] ePsfn] psfnf] b]Vg]lalQs} d]/f] ;ftf]k'Tnf]
p8\5 . t];f]{ / cf]/fnf] af6fdf d lgs} l56f] lxF8\g ;S5', t/ psfnf]
eg] d]/f nflu h]d/fh hlQs} eofjx x'G5 . d ljjz lyPF, d}n]
3g3:of gsf6L ePsf] lyPg . kf6gsf ;x[bo JolStx¿n] lbPsf b'O{
nfFj|mf pv' klxn] 6]St} / kl5 rafpFb} xfdL Psf]xf]/f] psflnO/x\of}F,
 psflnO/x\of}F .
-v_ ;fdfGo e"tsfnsf] lqmofkbsf] k|of]u u/L cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfdsf]
af/]df rf/ jfSodf n]Vg'xf];\ .
(=s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ . $
-s_tnsf rf/cf]6f hl6n jfSonfO{ cf7cf]6f ;/n jfSodf ljZn]if0f
ug'{xf];\ .
ljBfyL{n] ;f]w]sf] k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbP t/ l;s]sf] lzIff Jojxf/df ptfg{
;s]gg\ . tkfO{+ cfkm"nfO{ ;Ifd 7fGg'xf];\ / sd{df nflu/xg'xf];\ . hLjg
j;Gt dfq xf]Og lsgeg] xfdLn] lzlz/ klg ef]Ug' k5{ . xfdL b'vaf6
cflQPgf}+ eg] xfd|f] hLjg ;xh x'G5 . cfhsnsf ljBfyL{x?sf] z}lIfs
;fdfu|L kf7\ok':ts dfq xf]Og lsgeg] ljB'tLo ;~hfnn] ljZjnfO{ Ps
7fp+“df NofO;Sof] .
-v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /x]sf jfSox¿nfO{ kb;ª\ult ldnfO{ n]Vg'xf];\ M
;fgf] s]6fs]6Lx¿ rf}/df v]Nb} 5 . lzIfsn] ltgLx¿nfO{ b]Vof] .
ltgLx¿ v]Ng 5f]8]/ efUg nfUof] . pxfFn] /fd|/L v]Ng / gefUgsf
nflu ;Nnfx lbP .
!)= lbOPsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .
hLjgsf] Pp6f t/ dxTjk"0f{ c+znfO{ ;d]6\g] ljlzi6 36gfsf] l;nl;n]jf/
k|:t'lt syf xf] . log} 36gfsf] sfo{sf/0f zª\vnfnfO{ syfgs elgG5 .
syfsf] cfsf/ / :j?k tof/ kg]{ s|ddf syfgsn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x
ug]{ ePsfn] o;nfO{ syfsf] d'Vo tTjsf] ?kdf lng] ul/G5 . syfdf 36gf
cl3 a9fpg] jf sfo{Jofkf/ ;DkGgug{ kfqsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] x'G5 . dfq
dfgjLo / dfgj]t/ u/L b'j} lsl;dsf x'G5g\ . syf eGg] kfqnfO{ ;dfVoftf
elgG5 . ;dfVoftf syfleqs} kfq klg x'g ;S5 / syf aflx/sf] klg x'g
;S5 . syfsf] kfq cfkm}+n] syfsf] ;dfVofg u/]sf] 5 eg] To;nfO{ k|yd k'?if
b[li6ljGb' ePsf] syf / cGo kfqsf dfWodaf6 syfsf ;dfVofg ul/Psf] 5
 eg] To;nfO{ t[tLo k'?if b[li6laGb'sf] k|of]u ePsf] syf elgG5 . k|yd k'?if
b[li6laGb' ePsf syfdf d / xfdL h:tf k|yd k'?ifnfO{ a'emfpg] kbsf] k|of]u
ul/Psf] x'G5 eg] t[tLo k'?if b[li6laGb' ePsf syfdf Tof], pm, ltgLx? cflb
t];|f] k'?if a'emfpg] kbsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] x'G5 . 36gfsf] ;do, :yfg /
To;af6 pTkGg x'g] jftfjf/0fnfO{ kl/j]z elgG5 . syfn] eGg vf]h]sf] d"n
s'/f ;f/j:t' xf] . o;}nfO{ ;Gb]z klg elgG5 . oL ;a}nfO{ k|:t't ug]{ dfWod
rflx+ efiff xf] . syfdf uB efiffsf] k|of]u x'G5 . syfnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf
cl3 a9fpg kfqsf ljrdf ;+jfb klg x'g ;S5 . syfsf] efiffnfO{ j0f{gfTds,
kqfTds, ;+:d/0fTds, gf6sLo cflb z}nLdf k|:t't ug{ ;lsG5 . o;}n]
syfgs, kfq, kl/j]z, b[li6laGb' , efiffz}nL / ;f/j:t' oL ;a} syfsf tTj
x'g\ .
k|Zgx?
-s_ syf eg]sf] s] xf] <
-v_ syfdf slt lsl;dsf kfq x'G5g\ <
-u_ k|yd k'?if b[li6laGb' ePsf syfdf s:tf kbsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] x'G5 <
-3_ syfsf tTj s] s] x'g\ <
-ª_ syfsf] kl/j]z eg]sf] s] xf] <
!!= lbOPsf] cg'R5]b k9L d'Vo d'Vo rf/cf]6f a'Fbf l6kf]6 u/L ;f/f+z
n]Vg'xf];\ . %
jt{dfg g]kfnL o'jfx¿sf nflu j}b]lzs /f]huf/L cfzfsf] s]Gb|ljGb' ag]sf] 5 .
b]zsf] /fhgLlts cl:y/tf, zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cefj / clncln ePsf pBf]u
wGbfx¿ aGb x'Fb} hfg' / a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf] a]/f]huf/Ln] o:tf] l:ylt
l;h{gfsf nflu pTk|]/ssf] e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ . Psflt/ l:ylt o:tf] 5 eg]
csf{lt/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf dlxnfx¿dfly nufOPsf] k|ltaGw csf]{ yk
;d:ofsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . oBlk j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf ;DaGwdf vf8L If]qdf
dfq dlxnfnfO{ gk7fpg] eg]/ dGqL :t/Lo lg0f{o ePsf] xf] / o;sf]
 cgfjZos k|rf/s} sf/0f o; If]qdf dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] s'/fdf gsf/fTds
c;/ k/]sf] 5 eGg] ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff 5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/L / dlxnf >dnfO{
hf]8]/ x]bf{ ljZje/ dlxnf /f]huf/Lsf] ;Defjgf 3/]n' sfdbf/sf] ¿kdf g}
k|d'v /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnaf6 klg hlt dlxnfx¿ /f]huf/L cGtu{t uPsf 5g\
To;sf] 7'nf] ;ª\Vof 3/]n' >ddf g} ;+nUg /x]sf] kfOG5 . xfd|f] >d ljefudf
eg] o;sf] cfFs8f hDdf ! ;o @! hgf dfq /x]sf] 5 .
!@= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ . $
-s_ ;dk{0f o'jf ;d"xn] /Qmbfg sfo{qmd ug]{ p2]Zon] /fv]sf]
a}7slg0f{osf] gd'gf tof/ kfg'{xf];\ .
-v_ ;dfhdf lbglbg} al9/x]sf] xToflx+;f /f]Sgsf cfjZos ;'emfj
lbFb} sflGtk'/ b}lgssf ;DkfbsnfO{ n]Vg] lr7Lsf] gd'gf tof/
kfg'{xf];\ .
#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ . %
-s_ tkfO{+n] ;fyLx¿;Fu u/]sf] s'g} ko{6sLo :ynsf] e|d0fnfO{
;d]6]/ !%) zAb;Ddsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'x{ f];\ .
-v_ gf/L lzIff zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf]; .
!$=s'g} Pssf] JofVof ug'{xf];\ .
$
-s_ x/f}+nf Tof] x'/L eP/ cfpg]5
ltdL kft eP/ k5\ofpg] 5f} .
-v_ d?e"ldsf ofqLn] PSsfl; d?Bfg e]6] e}Fm xfdL k'mn]n eof}F .
!%=tnsf b'j} k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ . $
-s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .
æxf], ltdL hGdFbf ltd|f] slnnf] cg'xf/df
To;s} 5fof b]Vg] cfzf u/]sL lyPF
ltd|f] lx:;L k/]sf] xF;fOdf To;}sf] ;'Gb/ 5lj
ltd|f] tf]t] af]nLdf To;}sf] dw'/ Wjlg
t/ Tof] ld7f] uLtn] ltdLnfO{
cfˆgf] afF;'/L agfPg5 Û
Tof] ltdL g} xf}nf eGg]
d]/f] of}jgel/sf] ;kgf lyof] .Æ
k|Zgx¿
-s_ cfdfsf] ;kgf s] lyof] <
-v_ …Tof] ld7f] uLtn] ltdLnfO{ cfˆgf] afF;'/L agfPg5Ú eGg'sf] tfTko{
s] xf] <
-v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .
s'g} chu/, ssf]{6s jf lgiffbo'jsn] km]l/ anhˆtL ug{ gkfcf];\,
To:tf s'g}n] b]lvxfNof] eg] klg s'¿k / af}nfxL 7fg]/ To:tfn] cfj|md0f
gu?g\ eGg] ljrf/ ub}{ bdoGtLn] cfˆgf] s]znfO{ w'nfn] d';f/]/ huN6f
h:tf] agfOg\ / cfˆgf] ¿knfO{ lxnf] bn]/ ljs[t t'NofOg\ . dflg;sf]
kl/ro p;sf] z/L/n] eGbf klg p;sf] dl:tis / x[bon] lbg] x'Fbf
z/L/nfO{ hlt;'s} IftljIft t'NofP klg bdoGtLsf] x[bo / a'l4
eljiosf] pHofnf] cfzfdf gnk|lt emg\ emg\ a9L d'Uw / sf]dn x'Fb} uof]
.
k|Zgx¿
-s_ …dflg;sf] kl/ro z/L/n] eGbf klg p;sf] dl:tis / x[bon] lbG5Ú
eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
-v_ bdoGtLn] cfˆgf] ¿k lsg abn]sL x'g\ <
!^=s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ . $
-s_ lj/lx0fL bdoGtL syfsL gf/L kfq bdoGtLn] cfˆgf] ;SsnL kl/ro
n'sfP/ cfˆgL 7"nLcfdfsf] b/af/df ;}/]Gw|L eP/ sfd ug'{k/]sf]
k|;ª\unfO{ tkfO{F s;/L ljZn]if0f ug'{x'G5, n]Vg'xf];\ .
-v_ …ci6gf/fg k|ultzLn ljrf/sf JolQm lyPÚ eGg] egfOk|lt tkfO{Fsf]
k|ltlqmof s] 5 k|:6 kfg'{xf];\ .
!&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] ;dLIffTds pQ/ lbg'xf];\ . *
-s_ Ps lrxfg pkGof;df k|o'Qm kfqx¿ gfgL ys'F / /~hgfb]jLsf
dfWodaf6 g]kfnL ;dfhsf] s:tf] lrq ptfg{ vf]lhPsf] 5 < ;dLIff
ug'{xf];\ .
 -v_ 3g3:ofsf] psfnf] sf6\tf lgofqfsf cfwf/df ofqfdf
;xefuLn] s:tf ;d:ofsf] ;fdgf ug'{k/]sf] b]vfOPsf] 5, k'li6
ug'{xf];\ .
!*= s'g} Ps zLif{sdf sDtLdf @%) zAb;Ddsf] lgaGw n]Vg'xf];\ . *
-s_ b]z ljsf;df o'jfsf] ;xeflutf
-v_ s[lif Joj;fo / g]kfnsf] eljio
-u_ d, d]/f] ;dfh clg ;+:s[lt
$= ;]6 3
!=tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx?sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf /
cIf/ ;+Vof ;d]t 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ . #
lxhf] ;~ho / p;sf] ;fyL ljZjljBfno uP / rf}tf/Ldf a;] .
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\ M -#_
;'jf]w PSsf;L h'?Ss p7\g' eof] dnfO{ u8]/ cfFvf tg'{eof] lt/ h:t}
agfP/ .
#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -@_
-s_ lbOPsf c+zaf6 Pscf]6f kfl/eflifs zAb / Pscf]6f cg's/0ffTds
zAb klxrfg u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ M
cfhsn ;/sf/L sfof{nodf a]?h" a9\bf] 5 . udSs k/]/ a:g]
sd{rf/Lx¿n] sfddf Wofg klg lbFb}gg\ . ;'s'Daf;Lsf] Pp6f sfd lnP/
uPsf] t sd{rf/L ;'6'Ss lgl:s;s]5g\ .
-v_ lbOPsf] cg'R5]baf6 Pp6f pvfg / Pp6f 6'Ssf klxrfg u/L
ltgnfO{ jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ M
hlt csf{sf] v'6\6f tfGg' x'Gg eg]/ l;sfP klg sfnf] cIf/ e}F;L a/fa/
h:tfsf cufl8 t slxn]sfxLf t slG;/Lsf] /f}F tfT5 . hlt eg] klg
sfu s/fpFb} 5 lkgf ;'Sb} 5 .
$= cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf zAbsf] kbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'xf];\ M -
#_
;kgfd} ltgn] dfgj cfjfh ;'lgg\, ;'Gb/L Û cfkm\gf] ¿knfO{ cfkm}Fn]
ljs[t t'NofO;s]sL ltgnfO{ ;Demgf eof] t/ kfOnf] cl3 ;l//Xof] .
%= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{cf]6f tT;d zAb / b'O{cf]6f cfuGt's zAb
klxrfg u/L n]Vg'xf];\ M -@_
;8ssf] dfemdf a;]/ s]xL x'Fb}g . sd{n] g} hLjg ;kmn x'G5 .
;kmntfsf] cfsfz 5'g] xf] eg] ;w}F d]xgt ug'{k5{ . vfnL :s'n, sn]h
hfFb}df s]xL x'Fb}g . df]6/;fOsn rnfpFb}df 7"nf] x'g] eP ;a} To;f] ub{y]
. ;kmntfsf] lzv/ 5'g zfGt x'g'k5{ .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -#_
-s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLgj6f pk;u{ / tLgj6f k|Too Jo'TkGg zAb
klxrfg u/L ltgsf] lgdf{0f k|lj|mof b]vfpg'xf];\ M
cl:y/ /fhgLlts Joj:yfn] u}/lhDd]jf/ ultljlwnfO{ dnhn ub{5 .
bnLo st{Jo / /fli6«o cfjZostf ;Dem]/ rfF8} g} lgsf; lbg] sfddf
nfUg'k5{ .
-v_ lbOPsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLg ;d:t zAb / tLg låTj zAb klxrfg u/L
ltgsf] lgdf{0f k|lj|mof b]vfpg'xf];\ M
k"hfsf]7fsf] 7fpF7fpFdf ;okqL km"nn] cfcfkm\gf] ;f}Gbo{ km}nfPsf lyP .
t}klg d]/f] k|f0flk|o au}Frfaf6 km'k";f;"n] em}emu8f u/L tL km"nnfO{
l6k]sf] b]Vbf d]/f] dg eg] w'?w'? ?Fb} lyof] .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M $
-s_ n], nfO{, af6, åf/f, nflu, df ljelSt nfu]sf leGg sf/ssf] k|of]u
u/L rf/ jfSodf cfk"mn] b]v]sf] s'g} 36gfsf] j0f{g ug'{xf];\ .
-v_ kb;ª\ult ldnfO{ lbOPsf] cg'R5]bsf] k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\ .
d]/f] 5f]/L kf6gdf a:5 . d]/f] efO rflxF ag]kfdf a:5] . tkfO{+ kf6g
hfG5;\ < d klg 5f]/L e]6\g kf6g hfFb} 5 .
*= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -$_
-s_ lbOPsf jfSosf] jfRo kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ M -$_
o;kflnsf] bz}Fdf 3/ uOof] . a'afcfdf;Fu l6sf nufOof] . ld7fld7f
vfg]s'/f vfOof] . :s'nsf] ;fF;s[lts sfo{qmddf ;xefuL klg eOof] .
-v_ k"0f{ eljiot\ sfnsf leGg leGg lj|mof k|of]u ePsf kfFr jfSodf
cfˆgf] lhGbuLsf af/]df Pp6f of]hgf agfpg'xf];\ .
(= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -$_
-s_ tnsf cf7j6f ;/n jfSonfO{ rf/j6f hl6n jfSodf kl/jt{g
ug'{xf];\ .
g]kfn ;/sf/n] ko{6g jif{ dgfpg] 3f]if0ff u¥of] . ;+;f/e/ sf]/f]gf]
efO/;sf] dxfdf/L km}lnof] . g]kfndf klg aGbfaGbL ;'? eof] . dfG5]x¿
3/leq y'lgP . ljBfyL{sf] k9fO /f]lsof] . ljBfnon] cgnfOg dfWodaf6
k7gkf7g ;'? u/] . ljBfyL{x¿ cgnfOg cWoogdf cEo:t x'g ;s]gg\
. ljBfyL{sf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ vl:sof] .
-v_ tnsf jfSonfO{ cf7j6f ;/n jfSodf kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ .
:jb]zdf /f]huf/L lyPg To;}n] pgLx¿n] j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] af6f]
;dft] . pgLx¿n] ljb]zdf ;f]r] h:tf] sfd kfPgg\ tfklg pgLx¿ ToxLF
sfd ug{ afWo 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] :jb]zdf /f]huf/Lsf] jftfj/0f
l;h{gf ug{'k5{ eg] o'jfx¿n] klg b]zk|]d b]vfpg'k5{ . ha o'jfx¿
:jb]zdf g} /x]/ sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f aG5 ta :jb]zsf] ljsf;n] ult
lnG5 .
!)= lbOPsf] cg'R5]b k9\g'xf];\ / cGTodf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/
n]Vg'xf];\ M -%_
;+;f/sf] sNkgf ug]{ Ps dfq OlGb|o dg g} xf] egL atfO/xFbf dg rflxF
s:tf] j:t' /x]5 eGg] :jtM lh1f;f x'G5 . ;a} sNkgfsf] Ps dfq
sf/0f ePsf] of] rflxF :jod\df s'g} ;To j:t' xf]nf eGg] cfzª\sf x'g
;S5 . j:t'tM dg eg]sf] cfˆgf dfGotfsf] ;dli6 dfq xf] . dg
jf:tjdf l:y/ Pjd\ lgTo j:t' xf]Og eGg] t ;a} dflg;n] lbglbg}
cg'ej ul//x]s} s'/f xf] . ef]sn] 56\k6fO/x]sf] JolSt ef]hg ub}{ hfFbf
Ps l5gkl5 vfgfaf6 cdg x'G5 . s'g} ;do s;}sf nflu k|f0f g}
5f8\g tof/ ePsf] JolSt kl5 uP/ ;f]xL JolSt dnfO{ dg kb}{g egL
atfpF5 . o;}n] dg lgTo kl/jt{gzLn 5 . o:t} dg cToGt r~rn 5
. cfWoflTds ofqfdf nfu]sfnfO{ t dg slt r~rn 5 eGg] :ki6 g}
cg'ej x'G5 . o:tf] slxNo} klg Psgf;n] g/xg] dg s;/L ;To j:t'
x'g ;S5 < dg t s]jn ;ª\sNk / ljsNksf] csf]{ gfd dfq xf] .
;ª\sNk ljsNk /f]lsg] lalQs} dg gi6 eOxfN5 . dgn] s]xL s'/fsf]
lgZro u/]sf] cj:yfdf To;nfO{ a'l4 / lrGtf u/]sf] cj:yfdf rflxF
lrQ elgG5 . o;/L sfdcg';f/ g} dg ljleGg ¿kdf km]l//xG5 .
l:ytk|1 dxfk'?ifx¿sf] dg cfTdfdf g} ljnLg ePsf] x'G5 . hLjgnfO{
jf:tljs ¿kdf a'em]sf / df}sfdf ;xL lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] JolSt g}
l:ytk|1 x'g\ . o:tf JolStnfO{ cfTd1fgL klg elgG5 . cfTd1fgLsf
ljrf/df hxfF ;+;f/ 5, ToxfF dg cjZo g} 5 clg hxfF dg 5}g, ToxfF
;+;f/;d]t 5}g . hfuf /xFbf jf :jKg b]Vbf dg 5 . o;}n] oL b'O{
cj:yfdf ;+;f/ / To;af6 x'g] ;'vb'Mvsf] cg'ej klg 5 . uf9f lgb|fsf]
cj:yfdf dg gx'g] ePsfn] o; l:yltdf ;'vb'Mv klg 5}gg\ . cfuf]
gePsf 7fpFdf w'jfF geP em}F dg gePsf 7fpFdf ;+;f/ / To;af6
cg'ej x'g] ;'vb'Mv;d]t /xFb}gg\ . o;/L cfWoflTds b[li6df dg clgTo
/ kl/jt{gzLn OlGb|o xf] . dflg;nfO{ ;'v / b'Mvsf] cg'ej u/fpg'
o;sf] d'Vo sfo{ xf] . o;}n] dg g} ;'v / b'Mvsf] sf/0f xf] eGg] ul/G5
. dgnfO{ ;DxfNg ;Sg] dflg; ;'vb'Mvdf ;dfg /xG5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
-s_ lsg dgnfO{ sNkgfsf] sf/s dflgPsf] xf] <
-v_ dg lgTo kl/jt{gzLn 5 eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
-u_ cfTd1fgLx¿sf ljrf/df dg / ;+;f/sf] ;DaGw s:tf] 5 <
-3_ dgnfO{ lsg ;'v / b'Mvsf] sf/0f elgPsf] xf] <
-ª_ dgsf] d'Vo sfo{ s] xf] <
!!= cg'R5]baf6 rf/cf]6f a'Fbf l6kL Ps t[tLof+zdf ;f/f+z n]Vg'xf];\ M -
@±# Ö%_
cfhsf] ljZjdf dfgjhfltsf nflu dfgj clwsf/ eGg] s'/f ckl/xfo{
ljifo aGg k'u]sf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] cefjdf dfG5]sf] j}olSts
ljsf; ;Dej 5}g . ha Pp6f gful/s cfˆgf clwsf/x¿af6 jl~rt
/xG5, ta To;sf] c;/ ;dfh / /fi6«n] ;d]t ef]Ug'kg{] x'G5 . dfgj
clwsf/ s'g} Pp6f JolSt jf s'g} Pp6} /fHosf] dfq ;/f]sf/sf] s'/f
xf]Og . o;sf] ;Ddfgdf ;+;f/sf x/]s JolSt, ;dfh, /fHo Pjd\
cGt/f{i6«s} ;xof]u cTofjZos x'G5 tfklg cfˆgf] d'n'sdf dfgj
clwsf/nfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] kl/kf6L sfod ug{] ls gug{] eGg] ljifo eg]
To; d'n'ssf] /fHoJoj:yf jf ;/sf/d} lge{/ ub{5 . o; cy{df dfgj
clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug{ / To;nfO{ ;'b[9 kfg{ ;/sf/sf] g} ;a}eGbf
dTTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xg' :jfefljs xf] . hxfF dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg
xF'b}g, ToxfF k|hftGq klg xF'b}g . hxfF k|hftGq x'G5, ToxfF dfgj
clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug{' clgjfo{ x'G5 . dfgj clwsf/nfO{ uf}0f ljifo
7fg]/ / To;nfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/ k|hftGqsf] s'/f ug{' lg/ª\s'ztfnfO{
cfTd;ft ug{' xf] .
!@= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -$_
-s_ :d[lt ;Knfo;{, sf:sLsf tkm{af6 ;femf lsgd]n s]Gb|, kf]v/fnfO{
ljleGg vfBfGg k7fOlbg cg'/f]w ub}{ n]Vg] Jofj;flos kqsf] gd'gf
tof/ kfg'{xf];\ .
-v_ tkfO{+sf] sn]hn] cfˆgf] :yfkgf lbjzsf] cj;/df cfof]hgf ug{
nfu]sf] :j:Yo lzlj/sf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfsf] gd'gf tof/ ug'{xf];\ .
!#= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -%_
-s_ …g]kfndf xjfOhxfh b'3{6gfÚ zLif{sdf !%) zAbdf g36fO{ l6Kk0fL
n]Vg'xf];\ .
-v_ s'g} Pp6f z}lIfs e|d0fsf] ljifonfO{ ;d]6L !%) zAbdf g36fO{
k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'{xf];\ .
!$= s'g} Pssf] JofVof ug'{xf];\ M -$_
s_ x]/f}Fnf, Tof] x'/L eP/ cfpg] 5
ltdL kft eP/ k5\ofpg] 5f} .
v_ gL/; lhGbuLnfO{ /;fpg dfofsf] ;ª\nf] gbL rflxG5 . 5xf/Lbf/
cf]t rflxG5 . lhGbuL xfF;f] /f]bg, b'Mv kL8f, syf Joyfn] el/Psf]
;fd"lxs e]n xf] . cfkt\, ;'v / b'Mv ;a}nfO{ k5{ .
!%= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -$_
-s_ lbOPsf] pkGof; c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M
xf] / cfdf Û
xf], ltdL hGdFbf ltd|f] slnnf] cg'xf/df
To;s} 5fof b]Vg] cfzf u/]sL lyPF
ltd|f] lx:;L k/]sf] xF;fOdf To;}sf] ;'Gb/ 5lj
ltd|f] tf]t] af]nLdf To;}sf] dw'/ Wjlg
t/ Tof] ld7f] uLtn] ltdLnfO{
cfˆgf] afF;'/L agfPg5 Û
Tof] ltdL g} xf}nf eGg]
d]/f] of}jgel/sf] ;kgf lyof]
k|Zgx¿ M
-c_ cfdfn] s] s'/fsf] ;kgf b]v]sL lyOg\ <
-cf_ uLt / afF;'/Lsf] cy{ s] s] xf] < lsg uLtn] afF;'/LnfO{ cfˆgf]
agfpg' kYof]{ <
-v_ lbOPsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M
;'af]w PSsfl; h'?Ss p7\g'eof] . dnfO{ u9]/ cfFvf tg'{eof] tL/ h:t}
agfP/ . ;'OF;'OFtL hfg'eof] . s]xL af]Ng'ePg . /ftL eO;s]sf] lyof] .
d'6'sf] :kGbg zfGt eof] . ljhof]Nnf;sf] jftfj/0f rf/}tkm{ km}lnof] .
5f]/f5f]/L knªdf ;'lt;s]sf lyP . o:tf] cg'ej u/]F ls Pp6f sfnf]
kf]lng] c;Todfly ;Tosf] lr;f] kfgL vGofP h:tf] nfUof] . w]/}
;dob]lv kfs]sf] lknf] 3fp km'6]/ ;Grf] eP h:t} 7fg]F . 3fF6Ldf a;f}{F
em'lG8Psf] 9'ª\uf v;]/ xn'ª\uf] ePsf] ;Dem]F . ;'af]w ca slxNo} klg d]/f]
3/df gcfOb]cf];\ .
k|Zgx¿ M
-c_ …dÚ kfqsf] dg lsg xn'ª\uf] eof]<
-cf_ ddtf / ;'af]wsf lardf dgd'6fj x'g'sf] sf/0f s] lyof] <
!^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M-$_
-s_ ef}uf]lns cj:yf / k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{sf b[li6n] …xfdLnfO{ af]nfpF5g\
lxdr'nLÚ sljtf tkfO{FnfO{ s:tf] nfUof], k|ltlj|mof lbg'xf];\ .
-v_ …l:6kmg ljlnod xlsªsf] hLjgL k9]/ tkfO{FnfO{ s:tf] nfUof],
cfˆgf] ljrf/ k|:t't ug'x{ f];\ .
!&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] ;dLIffTds pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -*_
-s_ Ps lrxfg pkGof;n] p7fPsf g]kfnL ;dfhsf jf:tljstfx¿ s]s]
x'g\ < ;dLIff ug'{xf];\ .
-v_ ddtfn] ;'af]wnfO{ kl/Tofu u/]/ 5f]/f5f]/L;Fu g} ;Dk"0f{ hLjg
latfpg] egL u/]sf] lg0f{o tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nfUof], syfsf cfwf/df
ljZn]if0f ug'{xf];\ .
!*= s'g} Ps zLif{sdf @%) zAbdf g36fO{ lgaGw n]Vg'xf];\ M -*_
-s_ d]/f] afNosfn
-v_ ;fdflhs ;~hfn ljs[lt dfq} xf]Og
-u_ lzlIft o'jfsf] ljb]z knfog