Uop WWW - Kutub.info - 65400070-2596

‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺏ‪-‬ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻫـﻲ‬
‫ﻭ ﻨﺸﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1981‬ﻭ ﺘـﺒـﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺴﺏ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﻠـﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻙ ﺇﺩﺨﺎل ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﺎﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪-SHELL1 .‬ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴـﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﺒﺩﹰﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻫـﺫﻩ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺩﻟﻴل ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔـﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻓﻀل ﻭ ﺇﻨـﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺝ‪-‬ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﻘﻁ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺠﻬﺔ ﻨﻅﺭﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﻤﻭﺩﻴﻼﺕ ﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﻨﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘـﻘـﻴـﻴـﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺒﺅ ﺒﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪US ARMY CORP OF .‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗـﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴـﺔ‬
‫‪-ENGINEERS1‬ﻁﺭﻴـﻘـﺔ‬
‫ﻭ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻟﻴل ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺸﺘﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺴـﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﻁﻴﺎﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻠﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠـﻴـﺵ‬
‫ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ 1993‬ﻟﻜﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﻘﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻀﻤﻥ ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔـﻴـﺫ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻤﺴﺘﻨﺩﺓ ﺒﺸﻜـل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﻓﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭ‬
‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺅﻫﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫‪1 -1‬ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺸﺘﻭ )‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸـﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺨﺘﺒـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﺒﺄﻋﻠﻰ ﺠـﺩﻭﻯ‬
‫)‪: (11‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻁﺭﻕ ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺘﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻟـﻴـل‬ ‫‪AASHTO FLEXIBLE‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻤﻜﻨﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2004‬ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺩﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫‪PAVEMENT DESIGN‬‬ ‫‪-1‬ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴـﻡ‬
‫‪METHOD‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ –ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴـل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺩﺕ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺸﺘـﻭ‬
‫ﻤﻌﻁﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌـﻠـﻘـﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺼـﻨـﻴـﻑ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻨﹸﺸﺭﺕ ﻷﻭل ﻤﺭﺓ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨـﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟـﻤـﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ 1972‬ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻟﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻗـﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻁﻊ ﺍﻹﻨﺸﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻥ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺜـﻼﺙ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺸﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻁـﺒـﻘـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻀﺭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻤﻲ ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺼﻑ ‪(the interim guide‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ‪،‬ﻟﻜﻥ ﻴ‪‬ﺅﺨﺫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ –‬
‫‪for the design of‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﺘﻭ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ pavement structure‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪:‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺒﺸـﻜـل‬ ‫‪-1‬ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟـﻐـﺯﻴـﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪AASHTO1-‬ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺸﻭ‬ ‫‪(The‬‬ ‫ﻻﺨﺘﺒـﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺸـﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﺘﻭ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺭﻏﻡ ﻜﻭﻨﻪ ﺒـﺭﻨـﺎﻤـﺞ‬ ‫‪AASHO‬‬ ‫‪ROAD‬‬ ‫‪A S P H A L T .‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﺴﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫)‪test‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺫ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﻲ) ‪1960-‬‬ ‫ـﺔ‬
‫ـﻘـ‬
‫ـﺭﻴـ‬
‫‪INSTITUTE:-‬ﻁـ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﹰﺍ ﺠﺩﹰﺍ‬ ‫‪ (1958‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤـﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻤﻌﻬـﺩ ﺍﻹﺴـﻔـﻠـﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﺴﺘـﺨـﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﺴﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻲ‪2‬‬
‫‪70‬‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺏ‪-‬ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻫـﻲ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﺴﺘـﺨـﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﺴﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻲ‪2‬‬

‫‪www.tech.nical.ly‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬

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