Year 11 Mock – Hint Sheet

1 c) The soft material acts like a crumble zone. How does this affect the time taken for the car to
stop? How does this affect the acceleration and hence the gradient of the velocity time graph?

2 b) (i) Have you said how speed will be calculated? What should be done with repeat readings?
Have you said what will be varied in the investigation?

2 b (iii) Mass must be in kg. Remember that the equation is FNET = ma, so you need the resultant
force. Two forces are acting on the cupcake case, weight and air resistance. Weight needs to be
calculated from the mass in kg.

3 a) (ii) We are looking at the energy transfers when the ball collides with the wall not of the ball on
the way up or down (therefore GPE not involved). Look at the diagram of the ball before and after.
What type of energy store do you think the energy has come from (what has lost energy). Where do
you think this energy went?

3 b) The ball is travelling in the opposite direction after the collision. How do we show this in the
number used for the momentum of the ball after? There are 1000ms in 1s (milli means x 10-3). The
formula F = (mv – mu)/t is on the formula sheet. Remember that mv is the momentum after and mu
is the momentum before.

3 c) (i) Remember that momentum is a vector and that one of the balls is travelling in the opposite
direction. Use total momentum before = total momentum afterwards. Drawing a diagram
summarising the info in the question can often make the problem much clearer.

3 c) (ii) Quoting Newton’s 3rd law in terms of body A and body B got the first two marks here. How
does the time that the force acts on the objects compare to each other. Rearrange the 2nd law to get
change in momentum =. Remember that force and momentum are both vectors.

3 c)* 6 marker! The mark scheme for this was very kind! This is very similar to the first core practical
you did in Year 9 – look back over this theory from topic 2. Taking about using an interrupt card, light
gates and a datalogger scored lots of marks. Explain how these are used to calculate the velocity at
each light gate and hence the acceleration. The force needs to be applied continuously as the trolley
passes through the light gates (not just a short push at the start of the ramp). This is best done using
a string attached to the front of the trolley with weights at the other end, that has been passed over
a pulley at the end of the ramp.

4 c) 2 marks. One for fully describing the trend (as wavelength increases, the intensity of EM
radiation…), the other for looking at what proportion of the total EM radiation emitted was in the
visible part of the spectrum and linking this to the efficiency of the light bulb.

5 a) (i) The 91J of electrical energy is the useful output.

5 a) (ii) The most important thing is that the power source lasts. What property does the isotope
need to do this and why is it so important that this power sources lasts?

5 b)* You need to do two things in your answer. Firstly, explain how a chain reaction is sustained
including the role of the moderator. Secondly, explain how the chain reaction is controlled by the
control rods (how does their position link to the demand for electricity that needs to be met?).

5 c) Remember that the activity halves every half-life. How many times do you need to halve the
activity until it reaches 4.5 kBq?

5 d) Remember that the charge before the decay has to be the same as the charge after it (a neutron
decaying to a proton and a positron is impossible as it would go from neutral to 2+). You will need to
include a proton and neutron in your answer so which one decays into the other?
6 b) How does the wavelength of light from the galaxies change? Which direction are galaxies moving
relative to us?

6 c) What does CMBR stand for. What was it at the start of the universe and in what form is it now?

6 d) (i) What pulls the dust and gas in a nebula inwards towards each other?

6 d) (ii) Don’t just describe the end equilibrium. Explain what happens before as the matter clumps
together. What happens to the temperature? What process does this then cause?

7 b) RTQ carefully – the distance travelled by the echo isn’t 300m.

7 c) Human error is too vague. Instead we can write human error due to…

7 d) We want to make the time measurement longer. How is this achieved and why is that better?
Alternatively we can try to remove the effects of human reaction time. What equipment can be used
to record the sound and how might we log this data?!

7 e) Link the motion of the air particles to the fact that sound is a longitudinal wave (what is the
definition of this?)

8 a) (ii) RTQ – we need to use the graph, we can’t go back and take more readings. Look at how the
trend might continue. What angle of r will give you the critical angle. Describe how you will use the
graph to find the critical angle.

8 b) (i) Compare how well black and white objects absorb radiation.

8 b) (ii) The answer need you to compare the RATE of energy in and out of the object. Why does the
temperature rise at first? What happens to the rate of radiation emitted from the sphere as its
temperature increases? Why does the temperature stop rising?

9 a) (i) The dotted line is the normal line and the solid line is the boundary.

9 b) Use key terms rather than saying that light bends. Use ‘FAST’ to infer how the wave speed
changes.

9 c) Link the angle of incidence to the critical angle and use this to explain what is happening at Y and
Z.