COSTING PARAMETERS (CHILLED WATER)

https://theengineeringmindset.com/chiller-cooling-capacity-calculate/
How to calculate the cooling capacity of a chiller. Chillers provide chilled water which is then used to provide air conditioning within buildings. The amount of cooling they produce varies and it’s important to know how much cooling a chiller
is producing or is able to produce.

Firstly to perform this calculation we need to know a few things.

1. The volume flow rate of water into the evaporator

2. The inlet and outlet chilled water temperature
3. We then need to lookup the properties of water for the following

The density of the water at the average temperature (inlet temp + outlet temp)/2
The Specific Heat Capacity of the chilled water at the average temperature (inlet temp + outlet temp)/2

Let look at how to calculate the cooling capacity. We’ll first look at how to calculate in metric units and then imperial.

Metric units:
The water flow rate of chilled water into the evaporator is 0.0995m3/s, the inlet temperature is 12 deg C and the outlet temperature is 6 deg C. This means the average temperature is 9 deg C so we lookup the water properties at this
temperature to find the density of 999.78kg/m3 and a specific heat capacity of 4.19kJ/kg/K.
Using the energy equation of Q = ṁ x Cp x ΔT we can calculate the cooling capacity.
Q = (999.78kg/m3 x 0.0995m3/s) x 4.19kJ/kg/K x ((12*c+273.15K) – (6*c+273.15K))
We add 273.15K to the celcius to convert it to units of Kelvin. The Specific heat capacity (Cp) is measured in units of kJ per kg per Kelvin.
This gives us a final answer of Q = 2,500kW of cooling. Full calculations are shown below.
For 1 cubic meter of water Project - 230,000 RT
Water flow rate 0.0995 m3/s 0.0995 m3/s
Water volume (density) 1,000 kg/m3 (1 m3) 323,379.03 kg/m3 323.38 m3 323,379.03 liters
Specific heat capacity for water 4.19 kJ/Kg/deg C 4.19 kJ/Kg/deg C
Entering Water Temp (standard) 12 deg C EWT 12.00 deg C EWT
Leaving Water Temp (standard) 6 deg C LWT 6.00 deg C LWT
273.15 Kelvin 273.15 Kelvin
Q = Heat Transfer 2,501.43 kW 808,910.00 kW
3.517 kW/RT 3.517 kW/RT
Chiller Capacity 711 RT 230,000 RT
3,412.14 BTU per kWh 3,412.14 BTU per kWh
8,535,229 BTU/h 2,760,114,167 BTU/h
8.54 MMBtu/h 2,760.11 MMBtu/h

Water quantity requirement 323.38 m3

323,379.03 Liters
323,379.03 Kg

Water temp in pipelines (website) 25.00 deg C

Hot water temp target (assumed) 100.00 deg C
Temp increase requirement T delta 75.00 deg C

Energy requirement
Water quantity requirement Q 323,379.03 Kg
323,379,027 g
Specific heat capacity for water R rating 4,190 Joules per 1 liter per 1 deg C (4.19 kJ/Kg)
Temp requirement T delta 75.00 deg C
Energy required to heat-up water Energy 101,621,859,296 Joules
3,600,000 Joules / kWh
28,228.29 kWh
28.23 MWh
677.48 MWh/day
Energy required to heat-up water 677,479.06 kWh/day

No of TVP
Output per panel (Category E/Medium) 4.60 kWh/m2/ day (TVP Solar Model)
Panel size 2 M2
Ultimate output per panel 9.20 kWh/day
Sun light per day (average of 4 - 5 hours per day) 4.50 Hours
Output per panel 82.80 kWh/day/per panel
Required installed capacity 677,479.06 kWh/day
Demand capacity 677.48 MWh/day
677,479.06 kWh/day

No of panel 8,183.00 Units

Panel foot print

Panel size 16,366.00 M2
Other foot print 20% 3,273.20 M2
Total foot print 19,639.20
10.7639 SQFT per 1 m2
211,394 SQFT
43,560.00 SQFT per acre
4.85 acres
Chiller CAPEx
(KLIA case)(1999 price)
Installed capacity 30,000 RT
Civil 20,000,000 MYR
Piping 70,000,000 MYR
Chiller 155,000,000 MYR
KLIA EPCC 245,000,000
CPI (every 2 years) 8.00% p.a
Escalation period (2000-2023) 24 years
Project EPCC (2023 prices) 616,951,679 MYR

Chiller sets for 230,000 RT

Pro-rated Prtoject estimate EPCC cost 4,729,962,869 MYR
20,565 MYR per RT

TVP EPCC cost

TVP EPCC cost 4,650,000 MYR per MW
No of panel 8,183 units
Installed capacity per pannel 4.60 kWh/m2/ day (TVP Solar Model)
Total TVP installed capacity 37,641.80 kW
TVP installed capacity 37.64 MW
Total TVP EPCC cost 175,034,370 MYR

Land cost
land area 4.85 acres
211,394.38 SQFT
land price 50.00 MYR PSFT
land cost 10,569,719 MYR

Total CAPEX
TVP 175,034,370 MYR
Chiller 4,729,962,869 MYR
4,904,997,239
land cost 10,569,719 MYR
4,915,566,959
Contigency & miscellaneous 10% 491,556,696 MYR
5,407,123,655 MYR

Opex 5.00% p.a on CAPEX

245,249,862 MYR p.a
Maintenance 5.00% p.a (on CAPEX)
245,249,862 MYR p.a

Concession period 21 Years

Loan tennor 7 years
84 months
margin of financing 100.00%
loan amount 5,407,123,655 MYR
Interest rate 9.00%
Monthly repayment 86,995,636 MYR
Total installments 7,307,633,394 MYR
Principal amount 5,407,123,655 MYR
Total interest amount 1,900,509,739 MYR
Project Cost
TVP 175,034,370 MYR Chiller Price (Website) Year
Chiller 4,729,962,869 MYR 1,700 US$ per RT 2020
land cost 10,569,719 MYR 2,142 US$ per RT CPI p.a 8%
Contigency & miscellaneous 491,556,696 MYR 492,547,392 US$ 2023
Total interest amount 1,900,509,739 MYR 2,290,345,373 MYR (chiller)
7,307,633,394
Opex 5,150,247,101 MYR
Maintenance 5,150,247,101 MYR
Total Whole Life Cost 17,608,127,597
Margin (profit) 50% 8,804,063,798 MYR
Pricing base cost 26,412,191,395

PROJECT FACTS
Chiller Output Capacity 230,000.00 RT 230,000.00 230,000.00 230,000.00 230,000.00 230,000.00
Conversion kW to RT 3.517 kW/RT 3.517 3.517 3.517 3.517 3.517
808,910.00 kW 808,910.00 808,910.00 808,910.00 808,910.00 808,910.00
808.91 MW 808.91 808.91 808.91 808.91 808.91
Efficiency, basis / scenarios 60% 100% 70% 50% 40% 30%
Take up rate, basis /scenarios 70% 100% 70% 70% 70% 70%
Chilled water despatched capacity 96,600.00 RT 230,000.00 112,700.00 80,500.00 64,400.00 48,300.00
Operating hours 8,500.00 hours/year 8,500.00 8,500.00 8,500.00 8,500.00 8,500.00
Chilled water sales quantity 821,100,000 RTh/ year 1,955,000,000 957,950,000 684,250,000 547,400,000 410,550,000
Concession period 21 years 21 21 21 21 21
Total over concession period 17,243,100,000 RTh 41,055,000,000 20,116,950,000 14,369,250,000 11,495,400,000 8,621,550,000

Cost of Production + margin 1.53 MYR/RTh 0.64 1.31 1.84 2.30 3.06
0.44 Sen per kWh 0.18 0.37 0.52 0.65 0.87

Annualised Project Cost 838,482,267 MYR 838,482,267 838,482,267 838,482,267 838,482,267 838,482,267

CHILLED WATER SUPPLY AGREEMENT BETWEEN MBSB TOWER SDN BHD AND PJ
SENTRAL DCS SDN BHD for mbsb tower in pj:

COD 1-Dec-20
Tariff 0.48 sen per RTh 0.14 sen per kWh
Escalation 6% Every 3 years based on water & electricity changes
Status Brown
Connection Charge RM2,463,090.66 (one time)