Business & Economics Portfolio

Research Insights and Top-Line Indicators from The Conference Board

THESE DATA ARE FOR ANALYSIS PURPOSES ONLY. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION, PUBLISHING, DATABAS

Key Economic Indicators Historical Data

Last updated: September 19, 2018

Charts

Links to The Conference Board Website

The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® for the U.S. and related composite economic indexes

Copyrights: The Conference Board's ("TCB") Database is protected by copyright. You may reproduce a limited number of seri
Database for internal, not public, research but only if you (i) do not receive money or in-kind value from your use, (ii) obtain p
from the copywright owner of any third-party material you use, and (iii) credit TCB as the source and copyright owner as follow
Source: The Conference Board, 2018. All Rights Reserved. No claim to orig. U.S. Govt. works pursuant to U.S. Contract No. 5
TCB owns the following trademarks: The Conference Board, the Torch logo, and the titles used in the Database
Business & Economics Portfolio
Research Insights and Top-Line Indicators from The Conference Board

THESE DATA ARE FOR ANALYSIS PURPOSES ONLY. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION, PUBLISHING, DATABASING OR

Key Economic Indicators Historical Data

Last updated: September 19, 2018
Economic Indicators Spreadsheet
U.S. Business Cycle Indicators (includes: The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® (LEI) for the U.S., Th
The Conference Board Consumer Confidence Index® (CCI) (includes: the Present Situation Index and the Expec
The Conference Board Employment Trends Index™ (ETI)
The Conference Board Measure of CEO Confidence™

The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® for the U.S. and related composite economic indexes
Consumer Confidence Index®
The Conference Board Employment Trends Index™
The Conference Board Measure of CEO Confidence™

Links to The Conference Board Website

The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® for the U.S. and related composite economic indexes
About the Business Cycle Indicators
Composite Index Components
Consumer Confidence Index®
The Conference Board Employment Trends Index™
The Conference Board Measure of CEO Confidence™
The Conference Board Total Economy Database

Copyrights: The Conference Board's ("TCB") Database is protected by copyright. You may reproduce a limited number of series from the
Database for internal, not public, research but only if you (i) do not receive money or in-kind value from your use, (ii) obtain permission
from the copywright owner of any third-party material you use, and (iii) credit TCB as the source and copyright owner as follows:
Source: The Conference Board, 2018. All Rights Reserved. No claim to orig. U.S. Govt. works pursuant to U.S. Contract No. 52-SABA-5-
TCB owns the following trademarks: The Conference Board, the Torch logo, and the titles used in the Database
NG OR PUBLIC POSTING WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION.

U.S., The Conference Board Coincident Economic Index® (CEI) for the U.S., and The Conference Board Lagging Economic Index®
he Expectations Index)

SABA-5-00128.
Board Lagging Economic Index® (LAG) for the U.S.)
Business & Economics Portfolio
Last updated: September 19, 2018

THESE DATA ARE FOR ANALYSIS PURPOSES ONLY. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION,
PUBLISHING, DATABASING OR PUBLIC POSTING WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION.

The Conference The Conference The Conference

Board Leading Board Coincident Board Lagging Consumer
Economic Index® Economic Index® Economic Index® Confidence
(LEI) for the U.S. (CEI) for the U.S. (LAG) for the U.S. Index® (CCI)
(2016=100) (2016=100) (2016=100) (1985=100)
Jan-1959 27.2 27.1 27.2 Feb-1967 134.3
Feb-1959 27.6 27.3 27.3 Apr-1967 140.7
Mar-1959 28.0 27.5 27.4 Jun-1967 134.0
Apr-1959 28.1 27.7 27.5 Aug-1967 130.1
May-1959 28.3 27.9 27.7 Oct-1967 134.5
Jun-1959 28.4 28.0 27.8 Dec-1967 136.1
Jul-1959 28.5 27.9 28.0 Feb-1968 137.9
Aug-1959 28.4 27.5 28.4 Apr-1968 136.6
Sep-1959 28.4 27.6 28.6 Jun-1968 130.7
Oct-1959 28.3 27.5 28.8 Aug-1968 131.3
Nov-1959 28.1 27.7 28.8 Oct-1968 142.3
Dec-1959 28.7 28.2 28.8 Dec-1968 137.9
Jan-1960 28.7 28.4 28.6 Feb-1969 138.2
Feb-1960 28.7 28.4 28.8 Apr-1969 136.6
Mar-1960 28.6 28.4 29.0 Jun-1969 137.9
Apr-1960 28.7 28.5 29.0 Aug-1969 131.7
May-1960 28.7 28.3 29.3 Oct-1969 126.8
Jun-1960 28.8 28.2 29.5 Dec-1969 126.0
Jul-1960 28.8 28.2 29.6 Feb-1970 101.7
Aug-1960 28.9 28.2 29.6 Apr-1970 98.0
Sep-1960 28.9 28.1 29.5 Jun-1970 88.1
Oct-1960 28.9 28.1 29.5 Aug-1970 91.0
Nov-1960 28.9 28.0 29.6 Oct-1970 83.2
Dec-1960 28.9 27.8 29.7 Dec-1970 75.7
Jan-1961 29.1 27.7 29.8 Feb-1971 77.4
Feb-1961 29.2 27.7 29.8 Apr-1971 75.2
Mar-1961 29.6 27.8 29.6 Jun-1971 82.3
Apr-1961 29.9 27.9 29.5 Aug-1971 82.1
May-1961 30.2 28.1 29.4 Oct-1971 80.3
Jun-1961 30.6 28.3 29.3 Dec-1971 85.0
Jul-1961 30.7 28.4 29.1 Feb-1972 93.6
Aug-1961 31.2 28.6 29.2 Apr-1972 95.1
Sep-1961 31.2 28.6 29.3 Jun-1972 98.9
Oct-1961 31.7 28.8 29.3 Aug-1972 104.1
Nov-1961 32.1 29.1 29.3 Oct-1972 112.0
Dec-1961 32.4 29.2 29.5 Dec-1972 116.1
Jan-1962 32.4 29.2 29.7 Feb-1973 110.8
Feb-1962 32.8 29.3 29.6 Apr-1973 102.8
Mar-1962 32.9 29.5 29.8 Jun-1973 104.4
Apr-1962 33.1 29.6 29.9 Aug-1973 93.8
May-1962 33.1 29.6 30.0 Oct-1973 107.5
Jun-1962 33.0 29.6 30.1 Dec-1973 70.6
Jul-1962 33.2 29.7 30.3 Feb-1974 62.7
Aug-1962 33.4 29.8 30.4 Apr-1974 95.1
Sep-1962 33.5 29.9 30.4 Jun-1974 92.5
Oct-1962 33.6 29.9 30.5 Aug-1974 77.3
Nov-1962 34.0 30.0 30.6 Oct-1974 54.5
Dec-1962 34.1 30.0 30.7 Dec-1974 43.2
Jan-1963 34.4 30.1 30.7 Feb-1975 54.5
Feb-1963 34.7 30.2 30.7 Apr-1975 66.4
Mar-1963 35.0 30.3 30.8 Jun-1975 72.2
Apr-1963 35.3 30.5 30.9 Aug-1975 82.4
May-1963 35.6 30.6 30.9 Oct-1975 77.6
Jun-1963 35.7 30.7 31.1 Dec-1975 93.7
Jul-1963 35.9 30.7 31.1 Feb-1976 101.0
Aug-1963 36.0 30.8 31.3 Apr-1976 89.5
Sep-1963 36.4 30.9 31.4 Jun-1976 94.5
Oct-1963 36.6 31.1 31.5 Aug-1976 94.6
Nov-1963 36.8 31.1 31.8 Oct-1976 87.1
Dec-1963 37.0 31.2 31.8 Dec-1976 98.9
Jan-1964 37.2 31.3 31.8 Feb-1977 97.6
Feb-1964 37.5 31.5 31.9 Apr-1977 93.1
Mar-1964 37.7 31.5 32.0 Jun-1977 98.2
Apr-1964 38.0 31.7 32.2 Jul-1977 97.5
May-1964 38.3 31.9 32.1 Aug-1977 98.7
Jun-1964 38.5 32.0 32.2 Sep-1977 96.7
Jul-1964 38.8 32.1 32.2 Oct-1977 95.5
Aug-1964 39.1 32.2 32.4 Nov-1977 98.9
Sep-1964 39.4 32.4 32.5 Dec-1977 109.7
Oct-1964 39.5 32.3 32.7 Jan-1978 107.8
Nov-1964 39.8 32.6 32.7 Feb-1978 107.0
Dec-1964 40.1 32.9 32.7 Mar-1978 104.7
Jan-1965 40.5 33.0 33.0 Apr-1978 109.9
Feb-1965 40.6 33.1 33.2 May-1978 105.5
Mar-1965 41.1 33.4 33.3 Jun-1978 109.5
Apr-1965 41.2 33.5 33.5 Jul-1978 105.4
May-1965 41.4 33.7 33.7 Aug-1978 108.0
Jun-1965 41.6 33.8 33.8 Sep-1978 106.6
Jul-1965 41.8 34.0 33.8 Oct-1978 108.6
Aug-1965 41.9 34.1 33.9 Nov-1978 96.5
Sep-1965 42.3 34.2 34.1 Dec-1978 102.2
Oct-1965 42.8 34.5 34.1 Jan-1979 99.5
Nov-1965 43.1 34.7 34.3 Feb-1979 101.5
Dec-1965 43.5 35.0 34.4 Mar-1979 96.4
Jan-1966 43.7 35.1 34.5 Apr-1979 94.6
Feb-1966 43.9 35.3 34.8 May-1979 96.0
Mar-1966 44.3 35.6 34.8 Jun-1979 92.7
Apr-1966 44.5 35.6 35.1 Jul-1979 81.4
May-1966 44.3 35.8 35.3 Aug-1979 79.4
Jun-1966 44.2 36.0 35.6 Sep-1979 87.8
Jul-1966 44.1 36.1 35.8 Oct-1979 92.3
Aug-1966 44.0 36.2 35.9 Nov-1979 90.2
Sep-1966 43.9 36.3 36.0 Dec-1979 90.7
Oct-1966 43.8 36.5 35.9 Jan-1980 85.9
Nov-1966 43.8 36.5 36.3 Feb-1980 85.3
Dec-1966 43.7 36.6 36.3 Mar-1980 80.8
Jan-1967 44.0 36.7 36.3 Apr-1980 60.5
Feb-1967 43.7 36.7 36.5 May-1980 50.1
Mar-1967 44.0 36.7 36.6 Jun-1980 56.1
Apr-1967 44.1 36.7 36.6 Jul-1980 65.4
May-1967 44.5 36.8 36.6 Aug-1980 70.8
Jun-1967 44.8 36.9 36.8 Sep-1980 80.3
Jul-1967 45.0 36.9 36.9 Oct-1980 84.2
Aug-1967 45.5 37.2 36.8 Nov-1980 87.2
Sep-1967 45.7 37.2 36.8 Dec-1980 78.6
Oct-1967 45.8 37.2 37.0 Jan-1981 74.4
Nov-1967 46.1 37.6 36.9 Feb-1981 69.0
Dec-1967 46.5 37.9 36.9 Mar-1981 77.8
Jan-1968 46.6 37.8 37.0 Apr-1981 81.6
Feb-1968 46.8 38.0 37.2 May-1981 86.9
Mar-1968 46.9 38.1 37.3 Jun-1981 83.0
Apr-1968 47.0 38.2 37.4 Jul-1981 83.5
May-1968 47.3 38.4 37.6 Aug-1981 85.7
Jun-1968 47.5 38.5 37.7 Sep-1981 77.6
Jul-1968 47.6 38.7 37.7 Oct-1981 75.6
Aug-1968 47.5 38.7 38.0 Nov-1981 66.9
Sep-1968 48.0 38.9 38.0 Dec-1981 66.6
Oct-1968 48.3 39.0 38.1 Jan-1982 64.9
Nov-1968 48.4 39.3 38.2 Feb-1982 62.3
Dec-1968 48.4 39.3 38.4 Mar-1982 56.7
Jan-1969 48.5 39.4 38.6 Apr-1982 57.0
Feb-1969 48.7 39.6 38.7 May-1982 61.4
Mar-1969 48.8 39.8 38.9 Jun-1982 56.7
Apr-1969 49.1 39.8 39.1 Jul-1982 63.2
May-1969 48.8 39.9 39.3 Aug-1982 56.9
Jun-1969 48.5 40.1 39.5 Sep-1982 58.1
Jul-1969 48.2 40.2 39.5 Oct-1982 54.3
Aug-1969 48.1 40.4 39.7 Nov-1982 57.4
Sep-1969 48.2 40.4 39.7 Dec-1982 59.5
Oct-1969 47.9 40.6 39.8 Jan-1983 59.0
Nov-1969 47.7 40.4 39.8 Feb-1983 67.6
Dec-1969 47.4 40.5 40.0 Mar-1983 79.4
Jan-1970 46.9 40.3 40.2 Apr-1983 83.1
Feb-1970 46.5 40.4 40.3 May-1983 87.7
Mar-1970 46.2 40.4 40.4 Jun-1983 87.5
Apr-1970 45.8 40.3 40.3 Jul-1983 89.0
May-1970 45.8 40.2 40.3 Aug-1983 91.2
Jun-1970 45.8 40.2 40.3 Sep-1983 91.1
Jul-1970 45.9 40.3 40.2 Oct-1983 92.1
Aug-1970 46.0 40.3 40.3 Nov-1983 96.7
Sep-1970 46.0 40.2 40.2 Dec-1983 103.6
Oct-1970 45.9 39.9 40.2 Jan-1984 103.9
Nov-1970 45.9 39.7 40.2 Feb-1984 101.0
Dec-1970 46.5 40.1 39.9 Mar-1984 101.1
Jan-1971 46.8 40.3 39.8 Apr-1984 106.1
Feb-1971 47.2 40.3 39.8 May-1984 104.8
Mar-1971 47.6 40.4 39.7 Jun-1984 105.8
Apr-1971 47.8 40.5 39.5 Jul-1984 100.4
May-1971 48.1 40.7 39.5 Aug-1984 103.1
Jun-1971 48.2 40.8 39.4 Sep-1984 100.0
Jul-1971 48.4 40.7 39.6 Oct-1984 99.1
Aug-1971 48.5 40.8 39.8 Nov-1984 105.5
Sep-1971 48.7 41.0 39.8 Dec-1984 97.0
Oct-1971 49.0 41.1 39.8 Jan-1985 102.0
Nov-1971 49.2 41.3 39.7 Feb-1985 103.1
Dec-1971 49.7 41.6 39.7 Mar-1985 96.1
Jan-1972 50.2 41.9 39.2 Apr-1985 104.4
Feb-1972 50.8 42.0 39.2 May-1985 99.6
Mar-1972 51.2 42.3 39.4 Jun-1985 102.6
Apr-1972 51.5 42.5 39.5 Jul-1985 103.2
May-1972 51.7 42.6 39.7 Aug-1985 100.9
Jun-1972 52.1 42.8 39.8 Sep-1985 96.0
Jul-1972 52.4 42.8 40.0 Oct-1985 96.1
Aug-1972 53.1 43.2 39.9 Nov-1985 98.1
Sep-1972 53.7 43.4 39.9 Dec-1985 98.2
Oct-1972 54.1 43.9 40.0 Jan-1986 96.9
Nov-1972 54.7 44.2 40.0 Feb-1986 96.0
Dec-1972 55.3 44.5 40.0 Mar-1986 95.1
Jan-1973 55.6 44.7 40.4 Apr-1986 100.0
Feb-1973 55.8 44.9 40.7 May-1986 100.2
Mar-1973 55.7 45.0 41.0 Jun-1986 100.0
Apr-1973 55.4 45.1 41.3 Jul-1986 97.5
May-1973 55.4 45.2 41.5 Aug-1986 91.7
Jun-1973 55.3 45.3 42.0 Sep-1986 89.7
Jul-1973 54.9 45.4 42.2 Oct-1986 85.8
Aug-1973 54.4 45.3 42.5 Nov-1986 89.7
Sep-1973 54.2 45.5 42.7 Dec-1986 93.2
Oct-1973 54.1 45.9 42.7 Jan-1987 85.4
Nov-1973 53.8 46.1 42.8 Feb-1987 91.8
Dec-1973 53.2 46.1 43.1 Mar-1987 95.8
Jan-1974 52.8 45.9 43.3 Apr-1987 97.4
Feb-1974 52.5 45.9 43.4 May-1987 103.0
Mar-1974 52.4 45.8 43.5 Jun-1987 102.1
Apr-1974 51.6 45.8 43.7 Jul-1987 105.8
May-1974 51.4 45.9 44.1 Aug-1987 110.7
Jun-1974 50.8 45.9 44.4 Sep-1987 115.7
Jul-1974 50.3 45.9 44.6 Oct-1987 115.1
Aug-1974 49.4 45.7 44.9 Nov-1987 100.8
Sep-1974 48.5 45.7 45.2 Dec-1987 107.7
Oct-1974 47.9 45.6 45.3 Jan-1988 109.9
Nov-1974 47.1 45.1 45.3 Feb-1988 114.9
Dec-1974 46.3 44.5 45.5 Mar-1988 112.7
Jan-1975 45.9 44.3 45.3 Apr-1988 115.7
Feb-1975 45.8 43.9 44.9 May-1988 120.2
Mar-1975 45.6 43.6 44.7 Jun-1988 115.7
Apr-1975 46.2 43.6 44.2 Jul-1988 113.5
May-1975 46.5 43.7 43.9 Aug-1988 119.7
Jun-1975 46.8 43.8 43.0 Sep-1988 110.7
Jul-1975 47.3 43.9 43.0 Oct-1988 116.9
Aug-1975 47.4 44.2 42.8 Nov-1988 112.9
Sep-1975 47.6 44.4 42.8 Dec-1988 119.4
Oct-1975 48.0 44.6 42.8 Jan-1989 115.8
Nov-1975 48.2 44.6 42.8 Feb-1989 120.7
Dec-1975 48.5 44.9 42.8 Mar-1989 117.4
Jan-1976 49.2 45.3 42.8 Apr-1989 116.6
Feb-1976 49.9 45.5 42.8 May-1989 116.7
Mar-1976 50.1 45.7 42.8 Jun-1989 117.2
Apr-1976 50.3 45.9 42.8 Jul-1989 120.4
May-1976 50.7 45.9 42.8 Aug-1989 115.4
Jun-1976 50.8 46.0 42.7 Sep-1989 116.3
Jul-1976 51.3 46.2 42.8 Oct-1989 117.0
Aug-1976 51.5 46.3 42.8 Nov-1989 115.1
Sep-1976 51.9 46.4 42.9 Dec-1989 113.0
Oct-1976 51.9 46.4 43.1 Jan-1990 106.5
Nov-1976 52.4 46.7 43.2 Feb-1990 106.7
Dec-1976 52.9 47.0 43.1 Mar-1990 110.6
Jan-1977 52.9 47.0 43.2 Apr-1990 107.3
Feb-1977 53.2 47.3 43.3 May-1990 107.3
Mar-1977 54.0 47.6 43.3 Jun-1990 102.4
Apr-1977 54.1 47.9 43.5 Jul-1990 101.7
May-1977 54.4 48.1 43.6 Aug-1990 84.7
Jun-1977 54.8 48.4 43.8 Sep-1990 85.6
Jul-1977 54.8 48.5 43.9 Oct-1990 62.6
Aug-1977 55.1 48.6 44.1 Nov-1990 61.7
Sep-1977 55.2 48.9 44.3 Dec-1990 61.2
Oct-1977 55.3 49.2 44.4 Jan-1991 55.1
Nov-1977 55.5 49.4 44.6 Feb-1991 59.4
Dec-1977 55.6 49.6 44.5 Mar-1991 81.1
Jan-1978 55.2 49.3 44.9 Apr-1991 79.4
Feb-1978 55.5 49.7 45.0 May-1991 76.4
Mar-1978 56.0 50.1 45.2 Jun-1991 78.0
Apr-1978 56.6 50.7 45.2 Jul-1991 77.7
May-1978 56.9 50.8 45.5 Aug-1991 76.1
Jun-1978 57.1 51.1 45.8 Sep-1991 72.9
Jul-1978 57.0 51.2 46.0 Oct-1991 60.1
Aug-1978 57.4 51.4 46.2 Nov-1991 52.7
Sep-1978 57.6 51.5 46.5 Dec-1991 52.5
Oct-1978 57.6 51.8 46.6 Jan-1992 50.2
Nov-1978 57.3 52.0 47.0 Feb-1992 47.3
Dec-1978 57.3 52.2 47.1 Mar-1992 56.5
Jan-1979 57.0 52.2 47.4 Apr-1992 65.1
Feb-1979 56.9 52.3 47.6 May-1992 71.9
Mar-1979 57.4 52.7 47.4 Jun-1992 72.6
Apr-1979 56.4 52.3 48.0 Jul-1992 61.2
May-1979 56.7 52.6 48.1 Aug-1992 59.0
Jun-1979 56.4 52.6 48.5 Sep-1992 57.3
Jul-1979 55.9 52.7 48.8 Oct-1992 54.6
Aug-1979 55.7 52.7 49.0 Nov-1992 65.6
Sep-1979 55.4 52.7 49.4 Dec-1992 78.1
Oct-1979 54.9 52.7 49.8 Jan-1993 76.7
Nov-1979 54.2 52.8 50.0 Feb-1993 68.5
Dec-1979 53.8 52.9 50.2 Mar-1993 63.2
Jan-1980 53.7 53.0 50.4 Apr-1993 67.6
Feb-1980 53.5 52.9 50.6 May-1993 61.9
Mar-1980 52.2 52.7 51.3 Jun-1993 58.6
Apr-1980 50.6 52.3 51.8 Jul-1993 59.2
May-1980 49.9 51.9 51.4 Aug-1993 59.3
Jun-1980 50.2 51.7 50.9 Sep-1993 63.8
Jul-1980 50.6 51.6 50.0 Oct-1993 60.5
Aug-1980 50.9 51.8 49.4 Nov-1993 71.9
Sep-1980 51.4 52.1 49.0 Dec-1993 79.8
Oct-1980 51.7 52.6 48.8 Jan-1994 82.6
Nov-1980 51.8 52.9 49.0 Feb-1994 79.9
Dec-1980 51.5 53.0 49.5 Mar-1994 86.7
Jan-1981 50.9 53.0 49.8 Apr-1994 92.1
Feb-1981 50.5 52.9 49.9 May-1994 88.9
Mar-1981 50.7 53.0 49.9 Jun-1994 92.5
Apr-1981 51.0 52.9 49.9 Jul-1994 91.3
May-1981 50.6 53.0 50.6 Aug-1994 90.4
Jun-1981 50.2 53.1 50.8 Sep-1994 89.5
Jul-1981 49.8 53.3 50.9 Oct-1994 89.1
Aug-1981 49.6 53.3 51.0 Nov-1994 100.4
Sep-1981 48.9 53.2 51.5 Dec-1994 103.4
Oct-1981 48.6 53.0 51.3 Jan-1995 101.4
Nov-1981 48.4 52.8 51.2 Feb-1995 99.4
Dec-1981 48.3 52.6 51.1 Mar-1995 100.2
Jan-1982 47.8 52.2 51.1 Apr-1995 104.6
Feb-1982 48.0 52.5 50.8 May-1995 102.0
Mar-1982 47.8 52.4 50.6 Jun-1995 94.6
Apr-1982 47.8 52.3 50.7 Jul-1995 101.4
May-1982 47.5 52.3 50.7 Aug-1995 102.4
Jun-1982 47.2 52.1 50.8 Sep-1995 97.3
Jul-1982 47.2 51.9 50.7 Oct-1995 96.3
Aug-1982 46.9 51.7 50.6 Nov-1995 101.6
Sep-1982 47.3 51.6 50.4 Dec-1995 99.2
Oct-1982 47.4 51.4 50.1 Jan-1996 88.4
Nov-1982 47.6 51.4 49.7 Feb-1996 98.0
Dec-1982 48.0 51.4 49.2 Mar-1996 98.4
Jan-1983 48.9 51.7 48.9 Apr-1996 104.8
Feb-1983 49.4 51.6 48.9 May-1996 103.5
Mar-1983 50.1 51.8 48.8 Jun-1996 100.1
Apr-1983 50.5 52.0 48.8 Jul-1996 107.0
May-1983 51.2 52.3 48.6 Aug-1996 112.0
Jun-1983 51.9 52.7 48.8 Sep-1996 111.8
Jul-1983 52.4 53.0 48.9 Oct-1996 107.3
Aug-1983 52.6 53.0 49.1 Nov-1996 109.5
Sep-1983 53.2 53.6 49.2 Dec-1996 114.2
Oct-1983 53.9 53.9 49.2 Jan-1997 118.7
Nov-1983 54.3 54.2 49.5 Feb-1997 118.9
Dec-1983 54.9 54.6 49.7 Mar-1997 118.5
Jan-1984 55.5 55.0 49.8 Apr-1997 118.5
Feb-1984 56.0 55.3 50.3 May-1997 127.9
Mar-1984 56.1 55.5 50.6 Jun-1997 129.9
Apr-1984 56.4 55.7 50.9 Jul-1997 126.3
May-1984 56.8 56.0 51.3 Aug-1997 127.6
Jun-1984 57.0 56.3 51.7 Sep-1997 130.2
Jul-1984 57.2 56.4 52.1 Oct-1997 123.4
Aug-1984 57.2 56.6 52.5 Nov-1997 128.1
Sep-1984 57.2 56.7 52.7 Dec-1997 136.2
Oct-1984 57.4 56.8 52.9 Jan-1998 128.3
Nov-1984 57.7 57.1 52.9 Feb-1998 137.4
Dec-1984 58.1 57.2 52.9 Mar-1998 133.8
Jan-1985 58.4 57.2 53.0 Apr-1998 137.2
Feb-1985 58.7 57.3 53.2 May-1998 136.3
Mar-1985 58.9 57.6 53.3 Jun-1998 138.2
Apr-1985 59.0 57.6 54.1 Jul-1998 137.2
May-1985 59.2 57.8 54.4 Aug-1998 133.1
Jun-1985 59.6 57.7 54.5 Sep-1998 126.4
Jul-1985 59.8 57.8 54.7 Oct-1998 119.3
Aug-1985 60.0 58.0 54.8 Nov-1998 126.4
Sep-1985 60.2 58.2 54.8 Dec-1998 126.7
Oct-1985 60.3 58.2 55.2 Jan-1999 128.9
Nov-1985 60.5 58.4 55.3 Feb-1999 133.1
Dec-1985 60.8 58.6 55.5 Mar-1999 134.0
Jan-1986 61.0 58.7 55.5 Apr-1999 135.5
Feb-1986 61.2 58.7 55.7 May-1999 137.7
Mar-1986 61.3 58.8 55.9 Jun-1999 139.0
Apr-1986 61.6 59.0 55.7 Jul-1999 136.2
May-1986 61.8 59.0 55.9 Aug-1999 136.0
Jun-1986 62.3 59.0 55.9 Sep-1999 134.2
Jul-1986 62.3 59.3 55.9 Oct-1999 130.5
Aug-1986 62.4 59.3 56.0 Nov-1999 137.0
Sep-1986 62.6 59.7 55.7 Dec-1999 141.7
Oct-1986 62.7 59.7 56.1 Jan-2000 144.7
Nov-1986 62.9 59.8 56.2 Feb-2000 140.8
Dec-1986 63.3 60.1 55.9 Mar-2000 137.1
Jan-1987 63.3 59.9 56.3 Apr-2000 137.7
Feb-1987 63.8 60.4 56.0 May-2000 144.7
Mar-1987 63.9 60.5 56.0 Jun-2000 139.2
Apr-1987 64.0 60.7 56.2 Jul-2000 143.0
May-1987 64.2 60.8 56.4 Aug-2000 140.8
Jun-1987 64.5 61.0 56.5 Sep-2000 142.5
Jul-1987 64.8 61.3 56.6 Oct-2000 135.8
Aug-1987 65.0 61.4 56.7 Nov-2000 132.6
Sep-1987 65.4 61.6 56.9 Dec-2000 128.6
Oct-1987 65.6 62.0 57.0 Jan-2001 115.7
Nov-1987 65.4 62.2 57.1 Feb-2001 109.2
Dec-1987 65.4 62.5 57.1 Mar-2001 116.9
Jan-1988 65.6 62.5 57.4 Apr-2001 109.9
Feb-1988 66.1 62.8 57.4 May-2001 116.1
Mar-1988 66.4 63.0 57.6 Jun-2001 118.9
Apr-1988 66.5 63.2 57.8 Jul-2001 116.3
May-1988 66.8 63.3 57.9 Aug-2001 114.0
Jun-1988 67.2 63.5 58.2 Sep-2001 97.0
Jul-1988 67.2 63.7 58.3 Oct-2001 85.3
Aug-1988 67.3 63.8 58.5 Nov-2001 84.9
Sep-1988 67.5 63.9 58.5 Dec-2001 94.6
Oct-1988 67.8 64.2 58.7 Jan-2002 97.8
Nov-1988 67.9 64.3 58.9 Feb-2002 95.0
Dec-1988 68.1 64.7 58.9 Mar-2002 110.7
Jan-1989 68.2 64.9 59.2 Apr-2002 108.5
Feb-1989 68.2 64.9 59.6 May-2002 110.3
Mar-1989 67.9 65.0 59.9 Jun-2002 106.3
Apr-1989 68.0 65.1 59.8 Jul-2002 97.4
May-1989 67.8 64.9 60.3 Aug-2002 94.5
Jun-1989 67.7 65.0 60.6 Sep-2002 93.7
Jul-1989 67.4 64.9 60.8 Oct-2002 79.6
Aug-1989 67.6 65.2 60.6 Nov-2002 84.9
Sep-1989 67.6 65.2 60.6 Dec-2002 80.7
Oct-1989 67.4 65.2 60.8 Jan-2003 78.8
Nov-1989 67.5 65.4 60.9 Feb-2003 64.8
Dec-1989 67.5 65.6 61.0 Mar-2003 61.4
Jan-1990 67.4 65.6 60.8 Apr-2003 81.0
Feb-1990 67.3 65.9 60.8 May-2003 83.6
Mar-1990 67.3 66.1 60.9 Jun-2003 83.5
Apr-1990 67.1 66.0 61.0 Jul-2003 77.0
May-1990 67.1 66.1 61.0 Aug-2003 81.7
Jun-1990 67.1 66.2 61.1 Sep-2003 77.0
Jul-1990 66.8 66.2 61.3 Oct-2003 81.7
Aug-1990 65.9 66.2 61.3 Nov-2003 92.5
Sep-1990 65.1 66.0 61.5 Dec-2003 94.8
Oct-1990 64.2 65.7 61.6 Jan-2004 97.7
Nov-1990 63.1 65.4 61.7 Feb-2004 88.5
Dec-1990 62.4 65.3 61.7 Mar-2004 88.5
Jan-1991 61.7 65.1 61.8 Apr-2004 93.0
Feb-1991 61.5 64.9 61.5 May-2004 93.1
Mar-1991 61.2 64.8 61.6 Jun-2004 102.8
Apr-1991 61.9 64.9 61.1 Jul-2004 105.7
May-1991 62.3 65.0 61.0 Aug-2004 98.7
Jun-1991 62.4 65.2 60.7 Sep-2004 96.7
Jul-1991 63.0 65.3 60.5 Oct-2004 92.9
Aug-1991 63.1 65.2 60.3 Nov-2004 92.6
Sep-1991 63.6 65.4 60.1 Dec-2004 102.7
Oct-1991 63.5 65.4 60.1 Jan-2005 105.1
Nov-1991 63.5 65.4 60.1 Feb-2005 104.4
Dec-1991 63.3 65.3 60.0 Mar-2005 103.0
Jan-1992 63.8 65.5 59.5 Apr-2005 97.5
Feb-1992 64.0 65.6 59.4 May-2005 103.1
Mar-1992 64.6 65.8 59.3 Jun-2005 106.2
Apr-1992 65.1 66.0 59.2 Jul-2005 103.6
May-1992 65.6 66.1 59.1 Aug-2005 105.5
Jun-1992 65.9 66.2 58.9 Sep-2005 87.5
Jul-1992 66.1 66.4 58.7 Oct-2005 85.2
Aug-1992 66.5 66.4 59.0 Nov-2005 98.3
Sep-1992 66.6 66.4 59.0 Dec-2005 103.8
Oct-1992 66.8 66.5 59.0 Jan-2006 106.8
Nov-1992 67.4 66.7 59.3 Feb-2006 102.7
Dec-1992 68.3 67.4 59.2 Mar-2006 107.5
Jan-1993 68.7 67.1 59.1 Apr-2006 109.8
Feb-1993 69.1 67.3 59.2 May-2006 104.7
Mar-1993 69.0 67.2 59.4 Jun-2006 105.4
Apr-1993 69.5 67.5 59.7 Jul-2006 107.0
May-1993 69.6 67.5 59.8 Aug-2006 100.2
Jun-1993 69.9 67.6 59.5 Sep-2006 105.9
Jul-1993 69.9 67.8 60.2 Oct-2006 105.1
Aug-1993 70.4 67.9 60.3 Nov-2006 105.3
Sep-1993 70.8 68.0 60.5 Dec-2006 110.0
Oct-1993 71.1 68.2 60.3 Jan-2007 110.2
Nov-1993 71.5 68.4 60.3 Feb-2007 111.2
Dec-1993 72.5 69.1 60.5 Mar-2007 108.2
Jan-1994 72.3 68.9 60.5 Apr-2007 106.3
Feb-1994 72.6 69.1 60.5 May-2007 108.5
Mar-1994 73.6 69.5 60.5 Jun-2007 105.3
Apr-1994 74.1 69.8 60.8 Jul-2007 111.9
May-1994 74.5 70.0 61.1 Aug-2007 105.6
Jun-1994 75.1 70.2 61.2 Sep-2007 99.5
Jul-1994 75.4 70.4 61.7 Oct-2007 95.2
Aug-1994 76.0 70.7 61.9 Nov-2007 87.8
Sep-1994 76.5 70.9 62.2 Dec-2007 90.6
Oct-1994 77.0 71.2 62.3 Jan-2008 87.3
Nov-1994 77.1 71.5 62.8 Feb-2008 76.4
Dec-1994 77.7 71.8 63.1 Mar-2008 65.9
Jan-1995 77.8 72.0 63.4 Apr-2008 62.8
Feb-1995 77.8 72.1 63.8 May-2008 58.1
Mar-1995 77.8 72.2 64.1 Jun-2008 51.0
Apr-1995 77.7 72.2 64.5 Jul-2008 51.9
May-1995 77.7 72.3 64.8 Aug-2008 58.5
Jun-1995 77.7 72.6 65.2 Sep-2008 61.4
Jul-1995 77.7 72.5 65.4 Oct-2008 38.8
Aug-1995 78.2 72.9 65.5 Nov-2008 44.7
Sep-1995 78.4 73.1 65.7 Dec-2008 38.6
Oct-1995 78.3 73.2 65.8 Jan-2009 37.4
Nov-1995 78.3 73.4 66.0 Feb-2009 25.3
Dec-1995 78.4 73.5 66.1 Mar-2009 26.9
Jan-1996 76.9 73.4 66.3 Apr-2009 40.8
Feb-1996 77.8 73.9 66.2 May-2009 54.8
Mar-1996 78.0 74.0 66.2 Jun-2009 49.3
Apr-1996 78.4 74.3 66.2 Jul-2009 47.4
May-1996 79.1 74.6 66.4 Aug-2009 54.5
Jun-1996 79.6 74.9 66.5 Sep-2009 53.4
Jul-1996 79.5 75.0 66.8 Oct-2009 48.7
Aug-1996 79.7 75.2 66.8 Nov-2009 50.6
Sep-1996 80.0 75.5 67.0 Dec-2009 53.6
Oct-1996 80.2 75.6 67.0 Jan-2010 56.5
Nov-1996 80.8 75.9 67.2 Feb-2010 46.4
Dec-1996 80.8 76.1 67.5 Mar-2010 52.3
Jan-1997 81.3 76.5 67.5 Apr-2010 57.7
Feb-1997 82.4 77.0 67.4 May-2010 62.7
Mar-1997 82.8 77.2 67.5 Jun-2010 54.3
Apr-1997 82.9 77.4 67.7 Jul-2010 51
May-1997 83.4 77.6 67.9 Aug-2010 53.2
Jun-1997 84.0 78.0 67.9 Sep-2010 48.6
Jul-1997 85.0 78.3 67.6 Oct-2010 49.9
Aug-1997 85.2 78.5 67.8 Nov-2010 57.8
Sep-1997 85.8 78.9 68.0 Dec-2010 63.4
Oct-1997 86.1 79.2 68.2 Jan-2011 64.8
Nov-1997 86.3 79.6 68.4 Feb-2011 72
Dec-1997 86.6 79.9 68.5 Mar-2011 63.8
Jan-1998 86.6 80.2 68.7 Apr-2011 66
Feb-1998 87.5 80.5 68.9 May-2011 61.7
Mar-1998 87.6 80.7 69.3 Jun-2011 57.6
Apr-1998 87.5 81.0 69.5 Jul-2011 59.2
May-1998 88.0 81.3 69.6 Aug-2011 45.2
Jun-1998 87.4 81.4 70.0 Sep-2011 46.4
Jul-1998 87.7 81.4 70.3 Oct-2011 40.9
Aug-1998 87.8 81.9 70.5 Nov-2011 55.2
Sep-1998 87.3 82.1 70.6 Dec-2011 64.8
Oct-1998 86.8 82.4 70.6 Jan-2012 61.5
Nov-1998 87.1 82.6 70.6 Feb-2012 71.6
Dec-1998 87.3 82.9 70.7 Mar-2012 69.5
Jan-1999 87.2 83.0 71.1 Apr-2012 68.7
Feb-1999 87.7 83.4 71.2 May-2012 64.4
Mar-1999 87.7 83.5 71.6 Jun-2012 62.7
Apr-1999 87.8 83.6 71.8 Jul-2012 65.4
May-1999 88.3 84.0 71.9 Aug-2012 61.3
Jun-1999 88.6 84.1 71.9 Sep-2012 68.4
Jul-1999 88.9 84.3 72.4 Oct-2012 73.1
Aug-1999 89.1 84.6 72.7 Nov-2012 71.5
Sep-1999 89.1 84.6 73.1 Dec-2012 66.7
Oct-1999 89.4 85.1 73.1 Jan-2013 58.4
Nov-1999 89.9 85.5 73.5 Feb-2013 68
Dec-1999 90.7 85.9 73.8 Mar-2013 61.9
Jan-2000 91.2 86.2 73.9 Apr-2013 69
Feb-2000 90.6 86.2 74.5 May-2013 74.3
Mar-2000 91.6 86.6 74.4 Jun-2013 82.1
Apr-2000 91.7 87.0 74.6 Jul-2013 81
May-2000 90.7 87.0 74.8 Aug-2013 81.8
Jun-2000 91.0 87.2 75.5 Sep-2013 80.2
Jul-2000 90.6 87.2 75.6 Oct-2013 72.4
Aug-2000 90.0 87.3 76.0 Nov-2013 72.0
Sep-2000 90.3 87.5 76.3 Dec-2013 77.5
Oct-2000 89.4 87.4 76.8 Jan-2014 79.4
Nov-2000 88.7 87.4 77.3 Feb-2014 78.3
Dec-2000 87.4 87.5 77.1 Mar-2014 83.9
Jan-2001 86.9 87.4 76.1 Apr-2014 81.7
Feb-2001 85.9 87.5 76.0 May-2014 82.2
Mar-2001 84.6 87.3 75.9 Jun-2014 86.4
Apr-2001 83.7 87.1 76.1 Jul-2014 90.3
May-2001 84.0 87.0 76.1 Aug-2014 93.4
Jun-2001 83.6 86.7 76.0 Sep-2014 89.0
Jul-2001 83.4 86.6 76.1 Oct-2014 94.1
Aug-2001 83.2 86.6 75.9 Nov-2014 91.0
Sep-2001 81.7 86.3 76.2 Dec-2014 93.1
Oct-2001 81.1 86.4 75.6 Jan-2015 103.8
Nov-2001 81.6 86.1 75.6 Feb-2015 98.8
Dec-2001 82.2 86.1 75.4 Mar-2015 101.4
Jan-2002 82.2 86.1 75.3 Apr-2015 94.3
Feb-2002 83.0 86.1 75.4 May-2015 94.6
Mar-2002 83.4 86.1 75.5 Jun-2015 99.8
Apr-2002 84.0 86.3 75.1 Jul-2015 91.0
May-2002 84.8 86.4 75.1 Aug-2015 101.3
Jun-2002 85.0 86.6 75.1 Sep-2015 102.6
Jul-2002 84.6 86.4 75.4 Oct-2015 99.1
Aug-2002 84.7 86.5 75.4 Nov-2015 92.6
Sep-2002 84.4 86.4 75.4 Dec-2015 96.3
Oct-2002 84.3 86.4 75.4 Jan-2016 97.8
Nov-2002 84.8 86.6 75.3 Feb-2016 94.0
Dec-2002 84.8 86.4 75.5 Mar-2016 96.1
Jan-2003 85.0 86.6 75.6 Apr-2016 94.7
Feb-2003 84.8 86.4 75.8 May-2016 92.4
Mar-2003 84.7 86.4 75.9 Jun-2016 97.4
Apr-2003 84.4 86.4 75.8 Jul-2016 96.7
May-2003 85.3 86.6 75.9 Aug-2016 101.8
Jun-2003 86.0 86.8 75.5 Sep-2016 103.5
Jul-2003 86.3 87.0 75.5 Oct-2016 100.8
Aug-2003 86.9 86.9 75.7 Nov-2016 109.4
Sep-2003 87.9 87.1 75.6 Dec-2016 113.3
Oct-2003 88.8 87.3 75.8 Jan-2017 111.6
Nov-2003 89.8 87.6 75.6 Feb-2017 116.1
Dec-2003 90.6 87.6 75.7 Mar-2017 124.9
Jan-2004 91.5 87.6 75.9 Apr-2017 119.4
Feb-2004 92.3 87.8 75.8 May-2017 117.6
Mar-2004 93.6 88.1 75.7 Jun-2017 117.3
Apr-2004 93.8 88.2 75.8 Jul-2017 120.0
May-2004 94.7 88.6 75.9 Aug-2017 120.4
Jun-2004 95.1 88.5 76.3 Sep-2017 120.6
Jul-2004 95.6 88.8 76.8 Oct-2017 126.2
Aug-2004 96.0 88.9 77.1 Nov-2017 128.6
Sep-2004 96.7 89.1 77.2 Dec-2017 123.1
Oct-2004 97.0 89.3 77.3 Jan-2018 124.3
Nov-2004 97.7 89.4 77.4 Feb-2018 130.0
Dec-2004 98.6 90.4 77.0 Mar-2018 127.0
Jan-2005 99.1 89.9 77.6 Apr-2018 125.6
Feb-2005 99.6 90.1 77.9 May-2018 128.8
Mar-2005 99.2 90.1 78.1 Jun-2018 127.1
Apr-2005 99.7 90.5 78.4 Jul-2018 127.9
May-2005 99.6 90.6 78.7 Aug-2018 133.4
Jun-2005 100.3 90.9 78.8
Jul-2005 100.4 91.1 79.1 Source: The Conference Board
Aug-2005 101.0 91.2 79.2 © 2018 The Conference Board, Inc. All rights res
Sep-2005 100.3 90.9 79.4
Oct-2005 100.7 91.2 79.8
Nov-2005 101.3 91.7 80.1
Dec-2005 101.3 92.1 80.2
Jan-2006 102.1 92.5 80.8
Feb-2006 102.1 92.7 80.8
Mar-2006 102.4 92.9 81.0
Apr-2006 101.8 93.0 81.3
May-2006 101.2 93.0 81.5
Jun-2006 101.1 93.1 81.8
Jul-2006 100.6 93.1 81.7
Aug-2006 100.4 93.3 81.8
Sep-2006 100.4 93.4 82.0
Oct-2006 100.2 93.6 82.3
Nov-2006 100.0 93.7 82.6
Dec-2006 100.4 94.2 82.9
Jan-2007 100.0 94.1 83.0
Feb-2007 99.9 94.4 83.0
Mar-2007 100.2 94.6 83.0
Apr-2007 99.8 94.7 83.2
May-2007 99.9 94.9 83.4
Jun-2007 99.7 94.8 83.9
Jul-2007 99.6 94.8 83.9
Aug-2007 99.0 95.0 84.1
Sep-2007 98.3 95.1 84.5
Oct-2007 97.7 95.0 84.6
Nov-2007 96.8 95.1 84.8
Dec-2007 95.8 95.2 85.1
Jan-2008 94.7 95.2 85.1
Feb-2008 93.6 95.0 85.4
Mar-2008 92.1 94.8 85.7
Apr-2008 91.6 94.7 85.7
May-2008 90.8 94.4 85.2
Jun-2008 90.3 94.1 85.5
Jul-2008 88.3 93.7 86.3
Aug-2008 87.2 93.4 86.7
Sep-2008 85.2 92.3 86.9
Oct-2008 82.4 92.2 87.2
Nov-2008 79.9 91.5 87.6
Dec-2008 77.6 90.6 87.5
Jan-2009 76.0 89.4 87.8
Feb-2009 74.8 88.9 87.2
Mar-2009 73.5 88.1 86.8
Apr-2009 73.7 87.6 86.4
May-2009 74.0 87.3 85.8
Jun-2009 74.6 87.0 85.2
Jul-2009 75.2 87.1 84.4
Aug-2009 76.0 87.1 84.2
Sep-2009 76.6 87.1 83.8
Oct-2009 77.0 87.1 83.5
Nov-2009 77.8 87.2 83.1
Dec-2009 78.6 87.2 82.8
Jan-2010 79.1 87.3 82.5
Feb-2010 79.1 87.3 82.6
Mar-2010 80.5 87.6 82.6
Apr-2010 80.9 88.0 82.3
May-2010 81.0 88.5 82.3
Jun-2010 81.1 88.6 82.3
Jul-2010 81.2 88.8 82.6
Aug-2010 81.5 88.9 82.8
Sep-2010 82.0 88.9 83.1
Oct-2010 82.1 89.1 83.0
Nov-2010 82.8 89.2 82.9
Dec-2010 83.7 89.6 83.7
Jan-2011 83.8 90.0 83.3
Feb-2011 84.4 89.9 83.5
Mar-2011 85.3 90.2 83.6
Apr-2011 85.3 90.2 84.0
May-2011 85.8 90.2 84.2
Jun-2011 85.7 90.6 84.3
Jul-2011 86.2 90.8 84.5
Aug-2011 85.6 91.0 84.7
Sep-2011 85.2 91.0 84.9
Oct-2011 85.8 91.2 85.2
Nov-2011 85.9 91.2 85.5
Dec-2011 86.3 91.6 85.5
Jan-2012 86.5 92.0 85.8
Feb-2012 87.0 92.3 85.9
Mar-2012 87.5 92.4 86.0
Apr-2012 87.3 92.6 86.5
May-2012 87.4 92.7 86.9
Jun-2012 87.0 92.8 87.0
Jul-2012 87.2 92.8 87.4
Aug-2012 86.9 92.8 87.7
Sep-2012 87.4 93.1 87.7
Oct-2012 87.5 93.2 87.9
Nov-2012 87.5 93.8 88.0
Dec-2012 87.8 94.6 88.3
Jan-2013 88.2 93.4 89.4
Feb-2013 88.6 93.7 89.7
Mar-2013 88.5 93.7 89.7
Apr-2013 88.9 93.8 89.8
May-2013 89.2 94.1 90.0
Jun-2013 89.3 94.2 90.1
Jul-2013 89.4 94.1 90.5
Aug-2013 90.1 94.4 90.6
Sep-2013 90.9 94.7 91.2
Oct-2013 90.8 94.8 91.5
Nov-2013 91.8 95.1 91.5
Dec-2013 91.8 95.2 91.8
Jan-2014 92.0 95.1 92.4
Feb-2014 92.5 95.5 92.6
Mar-2014 93.4 96.0 93.0
Apr-2014 93.5 96.1 93.3
May-2014 94.0 96.3 93.6
Jun-2014 94.7 96.6 93.8
Jul-2014 95.2 96.8 93.8
Aug-2014 95.5 97.0 94.2
Sep-2014 96.1 97.2 94.4
Oct-2014 96.4 97.4 94.5
Nov-2014 96.8 97.8 94.7
Dec-2014 97.3 98.1 95.0
Jan-2015 97.4 98.1 95.5
Feb-2015 97.4 98.2 95.8
Mar-2015 97.9 98.3 96.2
Apr-2015 98.4 98.5 96.3
May-2015 98.8 98.6 96.6
Jun-2015 99.3 98.6 97.2
Jul-2015 99.1 98.8 97.5
Aug-2015 99.1 98.9 97.6
Sep-2015 99.0 99.1 98.2
Oct-2015 99.4 99.3 98.5
Nov-2015 99.8 99.3 98.9
Dec-2015 99.6 99.4 98.3
Jan-2016 99.3 99.4 98.5
Feb-2016 99.2 99.5 98.8
Mar-2016 99.2 99.5 99.2
Apr-2016 99.7 99.7 99.4
May-2016 99.5 99.7 99.9
Jun-2016 99.8 100.0 99.8
Jul-2016 100.2 100.1 100.2
Aug-2016 100.2 100.2 100.5
Sep-2016 100.4 100.4 100.6
Oct-2016 100.5 100.4 100.8
Nov-2016 100.7 100.4 101.0
Dec-2016 101.2 100.7 101.3
Jan-2017 101.8 100.8 101.5
Feb-2017 102.1 101.0 101.7
Mar-2017 102.6 101.2 101.9
Apr-2017 102.8 101.3 102.2
May-2017 103.2 101.5 102.4
Jun-2017 103.8 101.6 102.6
Jul-2017 104.1 101.8 102.8
Aug-2017 104.5 101.8 103.0
Sep-2017 104.5 102.0 102.8
Oct-2017 105.9 102.4 103.0
Nov-2017 106.3 102.7 103.1
Dec-2017 107.1 102.9 103.8
Jan-2018 107.8 102.8 104.1
Feb-2018 108.5 103.1 104.4
Mar-2018 108.8 103.3 104.3
Apr-2018 109.3 103.6 104.7
May-2018 109.4 103.7 105.2
Jun-2018 110.0 104.0 105.4
Jul-2018 110.7 104.2 105.2

Source: The Conference Board

© 2018 The Conference Board, Inc. All rights reserved.
 The Conference Board
Present Situation Expectations Employment Trends The Conference
Index Index Index™ (ETI), Board Measure of
(1985=100) (1985=100) (2016=100) CEO Confidence™
155.9 119.9 Nov-1973 52.3 Q1 1976 N/A
162.9 125.8 Dec-1973 51.0 Q2 75
159.9 116.8 Jan-1974 50.2 Q3 74
161.7 109.1 Feb-1974 49.5 Q4 65
164.4 114.5 Mar-1974 50.1 Q1 1977 69
162.8 118.2 Apr-1974 50.2 Q2 71
159.1 123.7 May-1974 50.3 Q3 59
166.8 116.5 Jun-1974 50.1 Q4 52
164.2 108.4 Jul-1974 50.1 Q1 1978 52
166.8 107.7 Aug-1974 49.0 Q2 58
174.8 120.5 Sep-1974 47.9 Q3 49
172.4 114.9 Oct-1974 46.7 Q4 40
166.9 119.1 Nov-1974 44.7 Q1 1979 43
169.7 114.5 Dec-1974 42.7 Q2 41
168.6 117.4 Jan-1975 41.7 Q3 32
162.8 111.0 Feb-1975 41.2 Q4 32
162.2 103.2 Mar-1975 40.5 Q1 1980 40
160.8 102.9 Apr-1975 40.7 Q2 29
121.1 88.8 May-1975 40.9 Q3 49
106.9 92.1 Jun-1975 41.5 Q4 63
85.1 90.0 Jul-1975 42.2 Q1 1981 58
75.9 101.0 Aug-1975 42.6 Q2 61
61.8 97.5 Sep-1975 43.0 Q3 57
47.1 94.8 Oct-1975 43.3 Q4 43
45.3 98.9 Nov-1975 43.6 Q1 1982 47
40.2 98.5 Dec-1975 44.2 Q2 52
48.9 104.6 Jan-1976 44.8 Q3 55
50.1 103.4 Feb-1976 45.4 Q4 60
49.4 100.9 Mar-1976 45.4 Q1 1983 70
 52.0 107.1 Apr-1976 45.5 Q2 76
67.5 111.0 May-1976 45.5 Q3 75
74.4 108.8 Jun-1976 46.1 Q4 74
86.0 107.5 Jul-1976 46.1 Q1 1984 70
94.2 110.7 Aug-1976 46.2 Q2 65
110.0 113.3 Sep-1976 45.9 Q3 61
117.9 114.9 Oct-1976 45.4 Q4 57
125.7 100.8 Nov-1976 46.2 Q1 1985 61
115.5 94.4 Dec-1976 47.1 Q2 52
122.6 92.2 Jan-1977 46.7 Q3 51
120.0 76.4 Feb-1977 46.8 Q4 55
125.3 95.6 Mar-1977 48.2 Q1 1986 61
108.8 45.2 Apr-1977 48.5 Q2 61
75.9 53.9 May-1977 48.5 Q3 50
101.1 91.2 Jun-1977 48.9 Q4 51
101.2 86.8 Jul-1977 48.8 Q1 1987 55
87.7 70.4 Aug-1977 49.1 Q2 55
61.4 49.9 Sep-1977 49.4 Q3 59
32.3 50.5 Oct-1977 49.5 Q4 47
31.9 69.5 Nov-1977 49.7 Q1 1988 51
32.6 88.9 Dec-1977 50.0 Q2 58
33.6 97.8 Jan-1978 49.6 Q3 56
44.5 107.6 Feb-1978 49.8 Q4 51
51.2 95.2 Mar-1978 50.8 Q1 1989 48
66.0 112.1 Apr-1978 52.1 Q2 48
75.7 117.9 May-1978 52.3 Q3 49
73.6 100.1 Jun-1978 52.2 Q4 43
80.6 103.8 Jul-1978 52.0 Q1 1990 46
78.8 105.1 Aug-1978 52.6 Q2 48
68.2 99.7 Sep-1978 52.9 Q3 40
72.8 116.3 Oct-1978 53.4 Q4 33
70.7 115.5 Nov-1978 53.4 Q1 1991 39
81.3 100.9 Dec-1978 53.8 Q2 55
96.5 99.4 Jan-1979 53.0 Q3 63
92.8 100.6 Feb-1979 52.7 Q4 55
96.0 100.5 Mar-1979 53.5 Q1 1992 62
98.8 95.3 Apr-1979 51.9 Q2 70
91.9 97.9 May-1979 53.3 Q3 62
92.6 103.2 Jun-1979 52.5 Q4 61
104.6 113.1 Jul-1979 52.3 Q1 1993 66
105.4 109.4 Aug-1979 52.1 Q2 57
105.2 108.2 Sep-1979 52.4 Q3 50
101.2 107.1 Oct-1979 52.1 Q4 61
112.0 108.6 Nov-1979 51.6 Q1 1994 65
115.0 99.1 Dec-1979 51.4 Q2 64
122.2 101.0 Jan-1980 51.4 Q3 59
123.4 93.3 Feb-1980 51.0 Q4 56
123.9 97.4 Mar-1980 50.0 Q1 1995 53
123.5 95.3 Apr-1980 47.6 Q2 46
124.9 97.7 May-1980 45.6 Q3 52
117.7 82.4 Jun-1980 45.2 Q4 52
126.3 86.1 Jul-1980 45.5 Q1 1996 49
125.6 82.2 Aug-1980 45.7 Q2 55
120.5 88.8 Sep-1980 46.8 Q3 53
124.0 78.0 Oct-1980 47.8 Q4 54
119.7 77.9 Nov-1980 48.5 Q1 1997 57
122.2 78.5 Dec-1980 48.6 Q2 60
121.7 73.3 Jan-1981 48.4 Q3 56
108.9 63.1 Feb-1981 48.1 Q4 51
107.4 60.7 Mar-1981 48.4 Q1 1998 49
119.2 66.9 Apr-1981 48.4 Q2 49
119.5 74.1 May-1981 48.2 Q3 41
115.9 73.0 Jun-1981 48.1 Q4 43
114.4 74.8 Jul-1981 47.9 Q1 1999 46
107.6 71.4 Aug-1981 47.6 Q2 56
102.0 74.1 Sep-1981 46.8 Q3 51
96.3 70.5 Oct-1981 45.8 Q4 52
76.3 50.0 Nov-1981 45.3 Q1 2000 53
50.2 50.0 Dec-1981 44.5 Q2 46
46.9 62.3 Jan-1982 44.1 Q3 47
50.4 75.4 Feb-1982 44.1 Q4 31
49.5 85.0 Mar-1982 43.7 Q1 2001 45
59.9 93.8 Apr-1982 42.8 Q2 52
61.1 99.6 May-1982 42.7 Q3 48
63.6 102.9 Jun-1982 42.3 Q4 40
59.8 91.1 Jul-1982 41.9 Q1 2002 66
57.1 85.9 Aug-1982 41.3 Q2 61
55.0 78.4 Sep-1982 40.9 Q3 54
62.3 88.1 Oct-1982 40.7 Q4 58
64.4 93.1 Nov-1982 40.9 Q1 2003 53
72.8 96.3 Dec-1982 41.1 Q2 60
66.6 94.0 Jan-1983 42.1 Q3 67
67.7 94.1 Feb-1983 42.0 Q4 66
69.6 96.5 Mar-1983 42.8 Q1 2004 73
64.2 86.6 Apr-1983 43.3 Q2 70
62.0 84.7 May-1983 44.0 Q3 63
51.8 77.0 Jun-1983 44.9 Q4 61
42.3 82.8 Jul-1983 45.9 Q1 2005 62
38.6 82.5 Aug-1983 46.1 Q2 55
38.5 78.2 Sep-1983 47.1 Q3 50
 33.2 72.4 Oct-1983 47.8 Q4 56
26.2 77.6 Nov-1983 48.4 Q1 2006 57
28.6 83.2 Dec-1983 49.7 Q2 50
21.7 80.1 Jan-1984 50.3 Q3 44
24.1 89.2 Feb-1984 50.8 Q4 50
21.9 80.2 Mar-1984 51.1 Q1 2007 53
16.2 86.1 Apr-1984 51.3 Q2 45
17.8 78.6 May-1984 52.0 Q3 44
16.6 84.7 Jun-1984 52.2 Q4 39
15.8 88.6 Jul-1984 52.3 Q1 2008 38
16.0 87.7 Aug-1984 52.3 Q2 39
17.5 101.1 Sep-1984 52.2 Q3 40
23.7 116.5 Oct-1984 52.2 Q4 24
28.3 119.7 Nov-1984 52.7 Q1 2009 30
33.0 124.3 Dec-1984 52.8 Q2 55
37.4 121.0 Jan-1985 53.1 Q3 63
43.7 119.2 Feb-1985 53.3 Q4 64
49.2 119.3 Mar-1985 53.3 Q1 2010 62
51.7 117.3 Apr-1985 53.3 Q2 62
53.9 117.6 May-1985 53.4 Q3 50
62.4 119.5 Jun-1985 53.5 Q4 62
74.2 123.2 Jul-1985 53.8 Q1 2011 67
76.0 122.4 Aug-1985 54.0 Q2 55
80.5 114.7 Sep-1985 54.1 Q3 42
83.0 113.1 Oct-1985 54.1 Q4 49
86.5 119.1 Nov-1985 54.6 Q1 2012 63
89.9 114.7 Dec-1985 54.9 Q2 47
98.5 110.6 Jan-1986 55.4 Q3 42
94.6 104.2 Feb-1986 55.2 Q4 46
100.1 105.1 Mar-1986 55.2 Q1 2013 54
97.9 101.4 Apr-1986 55.4 Q2 62
94.7 102.0 May-1986 55.1 Q3 54
102.6 107.4 Jun-1986 55.9 Q4 60
94.5 98.7 Jul-1986 56.2 Q1 2014 63
101.2 102.5 Aug-1986 55.5 Q2 62
102.0 103.9 Sep-1986 56.3 Q3 59
96.5 95.9 Oct-1986 56.2 Q4 60
103.5 105.1 Nov-1986 56.8 Q1 2015 57
99.6 99.6 Dec-1986 57.5 Q2 58
102.5 102.7 Jan-1987 57.2 Q3 48
104.2 102.5 Feb-1987 58.5 Q4 45
99.0 102.1 Mar-1987 58.9 Q1 2016 47
95.6 96.3 Apr-1987 59.2 Q2 52
98.5 94.5 May-1987 59.9 Q3 50
100.1 96.8 Jun-1987 60.1 Q4 65
 98.1 98.2 Jul-1987 60.6 Q1 2017 68
97.8 96.3 Aug-1987 61.3 Q2 61
98.4 94.4 Sep-1987 61.5 Q3 59
94.5 95.5 Oct-1987 62.5 Q4 63
101.6 99.0 Nov-1987 62.4 Q1 2018 65
101.3 99.4 Dec-1987 63.0 Q2 63
100.4 99.7 Jan-1988 62.9
99.3 96.4 Feb-1988 63.5
91.4 92.0 Mar-1988 63.7 Source: The Conference Board
90.3 89.4 Apr-1988 64.2 © 2018 The Conference Board, Inc. All rights r
85.4 86.1 May-1988 64.5
86.2 92.0 Jun-1988 64.7
94.7 92.2 Jul-1988 64.5
85.0 85.6 Aug-1988 65.1
91.9 91.8 Sep-1988 65.4
94.2 96.8 Oct-1988 65.8
92.8 100.5 Nov-1988 66.1
99.1 105.6 Dec-1988 66.6
107.9 98.2 Jan-1989 67.0
106.2 105.6 Feb-1989 66.6
115.6 107.5 Mar-1989 66.6
120.5 112.5 Apr-1989 66.8
124.4 108.9 May-1989 66.2
115.6 90.9 Jun-1989 66.1
119.8 99.6 Jul-1989 65.9
121.5 102.2 Aug-1989 66.2
129.1 105.5 Sep-1989 66.5
124.5 104.9 Oct-1989 66.0
120.2 112.8 Nov-1989 66.7
129.0 114.4 Dec-1989 66.4
126.3 108.6 Jan-1990 66.3
128.2 103.7 Feb-1990 67.0
135.1 109.4 Mar-1990 66.9
126.7 100.1 Apr-1990 66.4
128.3 109.3 May-1990 66.7
129.1 102.0 Jun-1990 66.0
140.1 105.6 Jul-1990 66.1
133.4 104.1 Aug-1990 65.5
139.2 108.3 Sep-1990 65.3
136.2 104.9 Oct-1990 63.8
138.9 101.8 Nov-1990 63.0
137.2 103.0 Dec-1990 62.0
135.5 105.1 Jan-1991 62.0
141.1 106.6 Feb-1991 61.1
133.0 103.7 Mar-1991 60.7
131.7 106.1 Apr-1991 60.9
133.0 106.4 May-1991 61.2
132.3 103.7 Jun-1991 61.5
125.9 104.4 Jul-1991 61.8
120.7 97.0 Aug-1991 61.5
126.3 93.7 Sep-1991 61.8
123.7 101.9 Oct-1991 61.4
119.4 99.2 Nov-1991 60.7
117.8 100.3 Dec-1991 60.5
111.1 96.6 Jan-1992 60.8
116.6 91.8 Feb-1992 61.0
100.4 74.2 Mar-1992 61.6
97.5 77.7 Apr-1992 62.3
73.2 55.6 May-1992 62.9
70.3 56.1 Jun-1992 63.1
63.3 59.8 Jul-1992 63.2
54.7 55.3 Aug-1992 62.7
53.1 63.6 Sep-1992 63.2
51.7 100.7 Oct-1992 63.8
48.9 99.7 Nov-1992 64.2
47.8 95.5 Dec-1992 65.2
43.7 100.9 Jan-1993 65.8
43.8 100.3 Feb-1993 65.6
45.1 96.8 Mar-1993 65.7
39.1 95.4 Apr-1993 65.8
31.0 79.5 May-1993 66.2
27.1 69.7 Jun-1993 66.5
22.5 72.6 Jul-1993 66.5
22.6 68.7 Aug-1993 66.8
23.0 63.5 Sep-1993 67.4
26.2 76.7 Oct-1993 68.0
28.0 89.7 Nov-1993 68.7
34.4 96.9 Dec-1993 69.2
37.7 95.9 Jan-1994 70.6
32.7 80.1 Feb-1994 71.6
30.1 78.3 Mar-1994 72.7
32.0 74.2 Apr-1994 73.0
30.5 70.7 May-1994 72.7
35.5 85.7 Jun-1994 73.5
39.3 103.9 Jul-1994 74.3
44.8 98.0 Aug-1994 75.3
44.1 84.7 Sep-1994 75.5
42.1 77.3 Oct-1994 75.7
47.2 81.1 Nov-1994 76.5
45.0 73.1 Dec-1994 77.3
 42.0 69.6 Jan-1995 77.4
47.8 66.8 Feb-1995 77.6
48.1 66.8 Mar-1995 77.2
50.2 72.8 Apr-1995 77.0
51.2 66.7 May-1995 76.9
59.2 80.3 Jun-1995 77.0
61.8 91.8 Jul-1995 77.0
67.6 92.6 Aug-1995 77.6
73.1 84.4 Sep-1995 77.8
77.9 92.6 Oct-1995 77.6
87.1 95.4 Nov-1995 77.7
81.9 93.6 Dec-1995 78.3
89.4 94.6 Jan-1996 77.7
90.5 91.9 Feb-1996 78.7
91.7 89.4 Mar-1996 78.0
89.5 89.5 Apr-1996 79.6
90.9 87.9 May-1996 80.2
104.8 97.5 Jun-1996 80.6
111.4 98.1 Jul-1996 80.8
111.3 94.8 Aug-1996 81.6
112.2 90.8 Sep-1996 81.6
115.3 90.1 Oct-1996 81.5
116.2 97.0 Nov-1996 82.8
115.4 93.1 Dec-1996 82.2
109.7 84.5 Jan-1997 83.8
119.9 89.1 Feb-1997 84.8
113.9 94.7 Mar-1997 85.3
110.0 88.8 Apr-1997 85.1
105.9 89.9 May-1997 86.2
115.3 92.5 Jun-1997 86.9
109.5 92.3 Jul-1997 87.8
101.1 79.9 Aug-1997 87.4
110.8 89.5 Sep-1997 88.4
110.0 90.7 Oct-1997 88.4
118.2 95.9 Nov-1997 89.4
120.2 92.4 Dec-1997 90.1
114.7 90.3 Jan-1998 90.0
125.0 95.0 Feb-1998 91.2
129.5 100.3 Mar-1998 91.4
128.5 100.7 Apr-1998 91.6
124.6 95.7 May-1998 92.1
133.4 93.5 Jun-1998 92.1
135.7 99.9 Jul-1998 91.6
141.2 103.8 Aug-1998 93.1
144.3 101.9 Sep-1998 93.2
144.8 101.1 Oct-1998 94.0
141.6 103.2 Nov-1998 94.3
152.6 111.4 Dec-1998 94.7
157.1 111.7 Jan-1999 95.1
154.5 107.6 Feb-1999 96.8
156.1 108.7 Mar-1999 96.7
157.6 111.9 Apr-1999 96.9
147.5 107.3 May-1999 97.3
156.8 108.9 Jun-1999 98.0
163.1 118.3 Jul-1999 98.5
159.3 107.7 Aug-1999 98.5
171.8 114.5 Sep-1999 98.3
172.7 107.9 Oct-1999 100.0
169.3 115.8 Nov-1999 100.7
170.9 113.3 Dec-1999 101.3
171.3 116.2 Jan-2000 101.8
172.9 113.4 Feb-2000 101.4
172.6 106.8 Mar-2000 102.6
170.7 96.8 Apr-2000 102.7
165.2 88.7 May-2000 102.4
166.7 99.5 Jun-2000 102.4
168.6 98.7 Jul-2000 102.7
172.9 99.6 Aug-2000 101.3
177.7 103.4 Sep-2000 102.1
176.6 105.5 Oct-2000 101.2
175.5 108.8 Nov-2000 100.6
177.2 111.3 Dec-2000 99.8
175.0 114.9 Jan-2001 99.3
179.2 107.6 Feb-2001 98.3
176.3 109.2 Mar-2001 96.7
176.3 106.2 Apr-2001 95.3
173.9 101.5 May-2001 94.6
176.8 110.4 Jun-2001 93.1
181.7 115.0 Jul-2001 93.2
183.1 119.1 Aug-2001 93.0
180.1 114.6 Sep-2001 89.1
182.5 106.8 Oct-2001 87.8
179.8 109.7 Nov-2001 86.6
183.6 118.7 Dec-2001 87.2
180.1 111.9 Jan-2002 87.6
186.8 113.7 Feb-2002 87.6
181.3 113.9 Mar-2002 88.2
182.5 115.9 Apr-2002 88.4
176.8 108.4 May-2002 89.0
179.7 101.2 Jun-2002 89.4
176.1 96.9 Jul-2002 89.0
170.4 79.3 Aug-2002 88.8
167.1 70.7 Sep-2002 87.5
167.5 83.1 Oct-2002 87.6
156.0 79.1 Nov-2002 88.2
159.6 87.1 Dec-2002 86.2
156.8 93.5 Jan-2003 88.0
151.3 92.9 Feb-2003 86.8
144.5 93.7 Mar-2003 86.2
125.4 78.1 Apr-2003 85.9
107.2 70.7 May-2003 86.1
96.2 77.3 Jun-2003 86.9
97.8 92.4 Jul-2003 87.2
98.1 97.6 Aug-2003 88.0
96.4 94.0 Sep-2003 87.3
111.5 110.2 Oct-2003 87.8
106.8 109.6 Nov-2003 88.8
111.2 109.7 Dec-2003 88.9
104.9 107.2 Jan-2004 89.2
99.4 96.1 Feb-2004 89.9
93.1 95.5 Mar-2004 90.5
88.5 97.2 Apr-2004 91.1
77.2 81.1 May-2004 91.6
78.3 89.3 Jun-2004 91.5
69.6 88.1 Jul-2004 92.7
75.3 81.1 Aug-2004 92.5
63.5 65.7 Sep-2004 92.3
61.4 61.4 Oct-2004 93.2
75.2 84.8 Nov-2004 92.8
67.3 94.5 Dec-2004 94.2
64.2 96.4 Jan-2005 94.4
63.0 86.3 Feb-2005 96.2
62.0 94.9 Mar-2005 95.3
59.7 88.5 Apr-2005 96.5
67.0 91.5 May-2005 95.8
81.0 100.1 Jun-2005 96.1
76.0 107.4 Jul-2005 96.5
86.1 105.3 Aug-2005 96.8
83.3 91.9 Sep-2005 94.8
84.4 91.3 Oct-2005 96.1
90.4 94.8 Nov-2005 98.0
90.5 94.8 Dec-2005 98.1
105.9 100.8 Jan-2006 99.5
106.4 105.3 Feb-2006 99.5
100.7 97.3 Mar-2006 99.6
 95.3 97.7 Apr-2006 100.6
94.0 92.2 May-2006 99.5
96.3 90.2 Jun-2006 99.4
105.7 100.7 Jul-2006 98.9
112.1 100.4 Aug-2006 99.5
116.8 96.1 Sep-2006 99.5
117.0 93.7 Oct-2006 99.1
113.8 86.7 Nov-2006 98.6
117.8 93.4 Dec-2006 99.1
120.8 96.4 Jan-2007 100.2
119.3 93.2 Feb-2007 100.7
123.8 93.3 Mar-2007 101.0
110.4 72.3 Apr-2007 100.6
107.8 70.1 May-2007 100.3
113.2 88.4 Jun-2007 100.4
120.7 92.6 Jul-2007 99.9
128.8 92.1 Aug-2007 99.8
130.3 84.2 Sep-2007 99.5
133.3 90.3 Oct-2007 98.8
136.2 92.3 Nov-2007 98.4
134.1 85.1 Dec-2007 97.7
132.2 87.5 Jan-2008 98.3
134.2 88.9 Feb-2008 96.3
123.9 84.4 Mar-2008 95.0
128.3 91.0 Apr-2008 94.5
125.1 91.9 May-2008 92.9
125.4 91.9 Jun-2008 92.6
130.5 96.3 Jul-2008 90.5
133.9 94.4 Aug-2008 89.0
137.1 93.8 Sep-2008 86.5
138.5 87.9 Oct-2008 84.5
133.5 88.2 Nov-2008 81.6
136.1 90.1 Dec-2008 78.9
129.9 88.8 Jan-2009 76.5
138.3 94.4 Feb-2009 75.0
130.1 89.2 Mar-2009 73.0
121.2 85.0 Apr-2009 72.3
118.0 80.0 May-2009 72.0
115.7 69.1 Jun-2009 72.1
112.9 75.8 Jul-2009 72.1
114.3 69.3 Aug-2009 72.2
104.0 58.0 Sep-2009 73.0
90.6 49.4 Oct-2009 73.2
81.9 50.0 Nov-2009 74.1
74.2 47.3 Dec-2009 75.1
65.4 41.4 Jan-2010 76.3
65.8 42.7 Feb-2010 76.5
65.0 54.1 Mar-2010 76.9
61.1 61.5 Apr-2010 78.5
43.5 35.7 May-2010 78.5
42.3 46.2 Jun-2010 78.9
30.2 44.2 Jul-2010 79.5
29.7 42.5 Aug-2010 79.6
22.3 27.3 Sep-2010 79.8
21.9 30.2 Oct-2010 80.3
25.5 51.0 Nov-2010 80.4
29.7 71.5 Dec-2010 81.7
25.0 65.5 Jan-2011 81.9
23.3 63.4 Feb-2011 82.5
25.4 73.8 Mar-2011 83.3
23.0 73.7 Apr-2011 83.0
21.1 67.0 May-2011 82.4
21.2 70.3 Jun-2011 83.3
20.2 75.9 Jul-2011 83.3
25.2 77.3 Aug-2011 83.4
21.7 62.9 Sep-2011 83.5
25.2 70.4 Oct-2011 84.5
28.2 77.4 Nov-2011 85.2
29.8 84.6 Dec-2011 86.0
26.8 72.7 Jan-2012 87.0
26.4 67.5 Feb-2012 87.7
24.9 72 Mar-2012 87.5
23.3 65.5 Apr-2012 87.9
23.5 67.5 May-2012 88.4
24.7 79.9 Jun-2012 87.8
28.8 86.5 Jul-2012 88.0
31.1 87.3 Aug-2012 88.2
33.8 97.5 Sep-2012 87.4
37.5 81.3 Oct-2012 88.1
40.2 83.2 Nov-2012 88.4
39.3 76.7 Dec-2012 89.2
36.6 71.6 Jan-2013 89.5
35.7 74.9 Feb-2013 90.5
34.3 52.4 Mar-2013 90.5
33.3 55.1 Apr-2013 90.4
27.1 50 May-2013 90.9
38.3 66.4 Jun-2013 90.8
46.5 77 Jul-2013 90.9
38.8 76.7 Aug-2013 91.7
46.4 88.4 Sep-2013 92.4
 49.9 82.5 Oct-2013 91.8
51.2 80.4 Nov-2013 92.8
44.9 77.3 Dec-2013 92.5
46.6 73.4 Jan-2014 92.9
45.9 78.4 Feb-2014 93.5
46.5 71.1 Mar-2014 94.4
48.7 81.5 Apr-2014 94.6
56.7 84 May-2014 95.4
57.4 80.9 Jun-2014 95.9
64.6 68.1 Jul-2014 96.1
56.2 59.9 Aug-2014 96.9
61.4 72.4 Sep-2014 96.7
59.2 63.7 Oct-2014 97.5
61 74.3 Nov-2014 97.8
64.8 80.6 Dec-2014 98.4
68.7 91.1 Jan-2015 98.9
73.6 86 Feb-2015 98.6
70.9 89 Mar-2015 98.5
73.5 84.7 Apr-2015 99.3
72.6 72.2 May-2015 98.9
73.5 71.1 Jun-2015 98.8
75.3 79.0 Jul-2015 99.4
77.3 80.8 Aug-2015 99.9
81.0 76.5 Sep-2015 99.8
82.5 84.8 Oct-2015 100.1
78.5 83.9 Nov-2015 99.1
80.3 83.5 Dec-2015 99.5
86.3 86.4 Jan-2016 99.8
87.9 91.9 Feb-2016 99.7
93.9 93.1 Mar-2016 99.1
93.0 86.4 Apr-2016 100.0
94.4 93.8 May-2016 98.4
93.7 89.3 Jun-2016 99.8
99.9 88.5 Jul-2016 100.1
113.9 97.0 Aug-2016 99.9
112.1 90.0 Sep-2016 100.3
109.5 96.0 Oct-2016 100.4
105.1 87.1 Nov-2016 101.3
107.1 86.2 Dec-2016 101.4
110.3 92.8 Jan-2017 101.2
104.0 82.3 Feb-2017 101.6
115.8 91.6 Mar-2017 102.0
120.3 90.8 Apr-2017 103.0
114.6 88.7 May-2017 103.5
110.9 80.4 Jun-2017 103.5
 116.4 83.0 Jul-2017 104.3
116.6 85.3 Aug-2017 103.8
115.0 79.9 Sep-2017 103.9
114.9 83.6 Oct-2017 105.9
117.1 79.7 Nov-2017 105.8
113.2 78.5 Dec-2017 106.0
116.6 84.6 Jan-2018 106.1
118.8 82.0 Feb-2018 106.7
125.3 86.1 Mar-2018 107.4
127.9 87.2 Apr-2018 108.2
123.1 86.0 May-2018 107.6
132.0 94.4 Jun-2018 108.6
123.5 106.4 Jul-2018 109.6
130.0 99.3 Aug-2018 110.9
134.4 103.9 Source: The Conference Board
143.9 112.3 © 2018 The Conference Board, Inc. All rights reserved.
140.3 105.4
140.6 102.3
143.9 99.6
145.4 103.0
148.4 101.7
146.9 103.0
152.0 109.0
154.9 111.0
156.5 100.8
154.7 104.0
161.2 109.2
158.1 106.2
157.5 104.3
161.2 107.2
161.7 104.0
166.1 102.4
172.2 107.6

nference Board
ference Board, Inc. All rights reserved.
ence Board
ence Board, Inc. All rights reserved.
Business & Economics Portfolio
Last updated: September 19, 2018

THESE DATA ARE FOR ANALYSIS PURPOSES ONLY. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION,
PUBLISHING, DATABASING OR PUBLIC POSTING WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION.

Index, 2016=100

120 The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® (LEI) for the U.S.

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30
Note: shaded areas represent recessions
20
Sources: National Bureau of Economic Research; The Conference Board
Jul '18

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Copyrights: The Conference Board's ("TCB") Database is protected by copyright. You may reproduce a limited number of series from the
Database for internal, not public, research but only if you (i) do not receive money or in-kind value from your use, (ii) obtain permission
from the copywright owner of any third-party material you use, and (iii) credit TCB as the source and copyright owner as follows:
Source: The Conference Board, 2018. All Rights Reserved. No claim to orig. U.S. Govt. works pursuant to U.S. Contract No. 52-SABA-5-00128.
TCB owns the following trademarks: The Conference Board, the Torch logo, and the titles used in the Database
 Index, 2016=100

110 The Conference Board Coincident Economic Index® (CEI) for the U.
r the U.S.
100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30
Note: shaded areas represent recessions
20 Sources: National Bureau of Economic Research; The Conference Board Jul '18
Jul '18
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
10 2015
 Index, 2016=100
110
® (CEI) for the U.S. The Conference Board Lagging Economic Index® (LAG) for
100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30
Note: shaded areas represent recessions
ard Jul '18 20 Sources: National Bureau of Economic Research; The Conference Board

005 2010 2015 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
ndex® (LAG) for the U.S.

erence Board Jul '18

2000 2005 2010 2015

Business & Economics Portfolio
Last updated: September 19, 2018

THESE DATA ARE FOR ANALYSIS PURPOSES ONLY. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION,
PUBLISHING, DATABASING OR PUBLIC POSTING WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION.

Index, 1985=100 Index, 19

160 200
Consumer Confidence Index® (CCI) The Pre
180
140
160

120
140

100 120

100
80
80

60 60

40
40
20
Aug '18
20 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1970
Note: shaded areas represent recessions
Note: shad
Sources: National Bureau of Economic Research; The Conference Board
Sources: N

Copyrights: The Conference Board's ("TCB") Database is protected by copyright. You may reproduce a limited number of series from the
Database for internal, not public, research but only if you (i) do not receive money or in-kind value from your use, (ii) obtain permission
from the copywright owner of any third-party material you use, and (iii) credit TCB as the source and copyright owner as follows:
Source: The Conference Board, 2018. All Rights Reserved. No claim to orig. U.S. Govt. works pursuant to U.S. Contract No. 52-SABA-5-00128.

TCB owns the following trademarks: The Conference Board, the Torch logo, and the titles used in the Database
 Index, 1985=100
200
The Present Situation Index and the Expectations Index
180 Expectations Index (1985=100)
Present Situation Index (1985=100)
160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20
Aug '18
0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Note: shaded areas represent recessions
Sources: National Bureau of Economic Research; The Conference Board
Business & Economics Portfolio
Last updated: September 19, 2018

THESE DATA ARE FOR ANALYSIS PURPOSES ONLY. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION,
PUBLISHING, DATABASING OR PUBLIC POSTING WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION.
Index, 2016=100

120 The Conference Board Employment Trends Index™ (ETI)

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40 Aug '18

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Note: shaded areas represent contractions in employment
Source: The Conference Board

Copyrights: The Conference Board's ("TCB") Database is protected by copyright. You may reproduce a limited number of series from the
Database for internal, not public, research but only if you (i) do not receive money or in-kind value from your use, (ii) obtain permission
from the copywright owner of any third-party material you use, and (iii) credit TCB as the source and copyright owner as follows:
Source: The Conference Board, 2018. All Rights Reserved. No claim to orig. U.S. Govt. works pursuant to U.S. Contract No. 52-SABA-5-00128.

TCB owns the following trademarks: The Conference Board, the Torch logo, and the titles used in the Database
 Aug '18

2015
Business & Economics Portfolio
Last updated: September 19, 2018

THESE DATA ARE FOR ANALYSIS PURPOSES ONLY. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION,
PUBLISHING, DATABASING OR PUBLIC POSTING WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION.

80
The Conference Board Measure of CEO Confidence™

70

60

50

40

30

Q2 '18
20
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Note: shaded areas represent recessions
Sources: National Bureau of Economic Research; The Conference Board

Copyrights: The Conference Board's ("TCB") Database is protected by copyright. You may reproduce a limited number of series from the
Database for internal, not public, research but only if you (i) do not receive money or in-kind value from your use, (ii) obtain permission
from the copywright owner of any third-party material you use, and (iii) credit TCB as the source and copyright owner as follows:
Source: The Conference Board, 2018. All Rights Reserved. No claim to orig. U.S. Govt. works pursuant to U.S. Contract No. 52-SABA-5-00128.

TCB owns the following trademarks: The Conference Board, the Torch logo, and the titles used in the Database
 Q2 '18

2015