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CMM Final Project
CMM Final Project
CMM Final Project
ruct
ionMat
eri
alandMachi
nar
y(CMM)Lab
Submi
tt
edby
Name
Zai
nul
abi
dien
Reg#
2017-
TE-
04
Submi
tt
edt
o
Dr
I
zzaAnwer
Depar
tmentofTr
anspor
tat
ionEngi
neer
ing&Management
Uni
ver
sit
yofE.ngi
neer
ing&t
echnol
ogyLahor
e
Compl
exengi
neer
ingpr
obl
em
Br
ick,
Alumi
num,
wood,
asphal
t,concr
eteandcement
’sengi
neer
ingpr
oper
ti
es.
Al
umi
nium Br
ick
Engi
neeri
ng Appl
i
cat
ions Engi
neeri
ng Appl
i
cat
ions
proper
ty proper
ty
Dur
abi
l
ity Al
uminium al
loysareweat
her
-pr
oof, Si
ze st
andardimper
ialsi
zeof222mm longx
cor
rosi
on-r
esistantandi
mmunetothe 106mm widex73mm high
harmfuleffect
sofUVray
s,
Design i
nfi
niterangeofformsandsections, Col
or col
orofbri
ckindi
cat
esit
shardness,More
f
lexi
bil
i
ty al
lowingdesignerstoint
egr
ate t
hedarkcol
orgreat
erwil
lbeit
sstrengt
h
numer ousfunct
ionsint
ooneprofil
e
High Alumini
um solarcol
lect
orscanbe Toughness Howmuchl
oadai
tcancar
rywi
thoutf
ail
ure
r
efl
ecti
vit
y i
nstal
l
edt ol
owerenergyconsumption
forart
if
ici
all
i
ght i
ngandheatingi
n
winter
,
Fi
resaf
ety Alumini
um doesnotburnandi
s Durabi
l
ity Degr
eeofexposur
etoweat
hercondi
ti
ons,
t
her
efor
eclassedasanon-combust
ibl
e and cl
osenesst
otheseas
const
ruct
ionmateri
al. soundness
Wood Asphal
t
Engi
neeri
ng Appl
i
cat
ions Engi
neeri
ng Appl
i
cat
ions
proper
ty proper
ty
Odourand Col
orandodourindi
cat
esthety
peof St
abi
l
ity Stabi
l
ityofanasphaltpav
ementisit
s
col
or woodusede.gbrowncolori
sofwal
nut abi
l
ityt
or esi
stshovi
ngandr ut
ti
ngunder
l
oads
Speci
fi
c Har
dnessandstrengthofwooddepend Dur
abi
l
ity Dur
abili
tyisit
sabil
i
tytoresi
stfact
ors
gr
avi
ty oni
tsdensi
ty.Corkistheli
ghtestwood suchaschangesi nt
hebinder
havi
ngaspecifi
cgr av
ityof0.3 disi
ntegrat
ionoftheaggr
egate,
Moistur
e Gr
eat
ert
hemoisturecont
ent
,lessert
he Fl
exabi
l
ity I
tistheabi
li
tyofanasphaltpav
ementto
content r
elai
bil
it
yofwood adj
ustt
ogradualsett
lement
sand
mov ementsi
nthesub-gradewit
hout
cr
acking.
Shr
inkage Shri
nkageandswel l
ingareproper
ti
esof Fati
gue I
tist
hepavement’
sresi
stancetorepeat
ed
andswelli
ng woodr el
atedtothelossorgainof r
esist
ance bendi
ngunderwheell
oadsitisrel
atedto
moist
urebytimber.Whentreesarecut voidspr
esenti
nsamol e
andlaidtoexposedcondit
ionsofthe
atmosphere
St
rengt
h Woodofgr
eaterstr
engthisuset
o I
mper
meabi
l I
tist
heresi
stanceofanasphal
tpavement
carr
eyhav
eyloadsinroofandseal
i
ng. i
ty. tothepassageofai
randwateri
ntoor
Lesseri
tsst
rengt
hsof
teri
tis thr
oughit
.Thi
scharact
eri
sti
cisrel
atedto
t
hev oi
dcont
entoft
hecompact edmixtur
e
Gr
ain Grai
nsignif
iesarrangementand Wor
kabi
l
ity
. Workabi
li
tydescri
best heeasewithwhi
ch
dir
ectionoffi
bersandv esselsinthe apav i
ngmi xt
urecanbepl acedand
wood: par
all
eltothetrunk,obli
queto compacted.Mixtureswit
hgood
t
hetrunkorturnedandt wistedwith wor
kabil
it
yareeasyt oplaceandcompact;
r
especttothelongit
udinaldir
ecti
onof
growt h
Cement Concr
ete
Engi
neeri
ng Appl
i
cat
ions Engi
neeri
ng Appl
i
cat
ions
proper
ty proper
ty
Fi
nenest Thesizeoftheparti
clesofthecement St
rengt
h Strengt
hmeanshowmuchl oada
i
sit
sfineness.Therequir
edfinenessof concret
ecanbearwi
thoutanyf
ail
ure
goodcementi sachievedthr
ough
gri
ndingt
hecl i
nker
Soundness Soundnessrefer
stotheabi
lit
yof Dur
abi
l
ity Dur
abi
l
ityofconcreteisi
tsabi
li
tyt
oresi
st
cementtonotshr i
nkuponhardeni
ng. i
tsdisi
ntegrat
ionanddecay
Goodqual i
tycementretai
nsi
tsv ol
ume
aft
ersetti
ngwithoutdel
ayedexpansion
Consi
stancy Theabi
l
ityofcementpastet
ofl
owi
s Cr
eep Cr
eepisdefi
nedastheplast
ic
consi
stency
. def
ormati
onundersust
ainedl
oad.Creep
str
aindepends
St
rengt
h Threetypesofstrengthofcementar e Shr
inkage Thepropert
yofdiminishi
nginvolume
measured–compr essiv
e,tensi
leand duri
ngtheprocessofdr y
ingand
fl
exural.Vari
ousf actorsaff
ectthe hardeni
ngistermedShrinkage.I
tdepends
str
ength,suchaswat er-
cementr ati
o, mainlyonthedurat
ionofexposure
cement -
fineaggregaterati
o,curing
condit
ions,si
zeandshapeofa
specimen
Set
ti
ngt
ime Cementsetsandhar denswhenwat eris Uni
twei
ght Itdependsonper centageof
added.Thi
ssett
ingt imecanv ary reinf
orcement,typeofaggr egate,amount
dependingonmul t
iplefactors,suchas ofvoi
dsandv ari
esf r
om 23t o26kN/ m2.
fi
nenessofcement, cement -
wat errat
io, Theunitweightofplai
nandr einfor
ced
chemicalcont
ent, andadmi xtures. concreteasspecifi
edbyI S:
456ar e24and
25KN/ m3r espectivel
y.
Aconcr
etemi
xer
Iti
sadev i
cethathomogeneousl
ycombi
nes
cement,aggr
egatesuchassandorgrav
el,
and
watert
of or
m concret
e.
Acommonconcr
etemi
xeri
sknownasadr
um
mi
xer
Usesofadr
um mi
xer
Theyar
eusedwher
elar
gev
olumeofconcr
etei
s
bei
ngproduces
Suchmachinedomi
natethereadymi
xedmarket
asiti
sknowntobecapableofhi
ghpr
oduct
ion
speed
Suchmachineisidealf
orslumpconcr
eteand
whereov
erallcostofproduct
ioni
simpor
tant
Useofdr
um mi
xeratconst
ruct
ionsi
te
Atconst
ruct
ionsi
te,
drum mi
xerwasusedtomi
x
di
ffer
entmater
ial
ssuchaswater
,cement
,aggr
egat
es,
andsand,
Ty
pesofdr
um cementmi
xer
s
Til
ti
ngdrum mixer
s(Themachi
neswhosedr
um canbemakel
owerf
rom i
tsposi
ti
onatany
speci
fi
clevel
)
Nont
il
ti
ngdr
um mi
xer
s(Themachi
neswhosedr
um cannotbemakel
owerf
rom i
ts
posi
ti
on)
Ty
peofcementmi
xeratconst
ruct
ionsi
te
Anont
il
ti
ngdr
um cementmi
xerwasusedatconst
ruct
ionsi
tef
orwor
king
Wor
kingpr
ocedur
eofmachi
neatconst
ruct
ionsi
te
Thi
smachi
necanbemov
eany
wher
eeasi
l
ybyusi
ngapul
l
ermachi
ne
Afi
xedpropor
tionofmat
eri
als(
wat
er,
sand,
cement
,aggr
egat
es.
etc)wer
eput
ti
ngi
ntot
he
dr
um ofmachine.
Thevol
umeofmi xt
ureaddedint
odrum dependsonthevol
umeofdrum.Ther
earevar
ious
si
zeofdrumsthatcanatt
achedtoasi
nglemachine.Howevert
hev
olumeofdrum v
ari
es
fr
om 40Kgto100Kg
Somewat
erwasaddedi
nsi
debucketofmachi
neaf
tersomet
imei
nter
val
(bet
ween5t
o10
mi
nui
ts)
.
I
tisduetor
educethet
emper
atur
eofmachi
newhi
chwasr
aisedduet
ocont
inueous
worki
ngofmachi
ne.
Themachi
newasoper
ati
ngmanual
ybyal
abourorsomeot
herper
son.
Themachinewasworki
ngbyusi
ngel
ect
ri
cal
ener
gydev
elopedt
hroughagener
ator
at
tachedonthesi
deofmachi
ne.
Thent
hemachi
newasal
l
owt
orot
atef
reel
yataspeedof20r
psf
or3t
o5mi
nut
es.
Thenthepast
eofmixt
urewasal
l
owt
orel
easedi
ntoabucketbyr
otat
ingal
i
verat
tachedt
o
thedr
um ofmachi
ne.
Useofconcr
etemi
xeronot
herconst
ruct
ionsi
tes
Tomi
xtheaggr
egat
ewi
thot
hermat
eri
als
Tocr
usht
heaggr
egat
esot
hati
tisconv
ert
edi
ntof
ineone,
from coar
se
Togr
indamat
eri
al