Running head: INTRODUCTION TO LEADERSHIP

Introduction to Leadership

Name: Abdullah

Id:

American University of the Middle East

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QUESTION NO. 1

Explain five dimensions of Big Five Personality

These five dimensions are based on Personality:

1. Openness to Experiences
This type of personality has a larger range of interests, they are more creative and these

people are more open towards new ideas.

2. Extraversion
Extraversion includes a personality, in which a person is comfortable in going out,

meeting new people, he is social and enjoys more around people rather than being alone.

3. Agreeable

This includes a personality that is easy going, a person forgives others easily and he has a

good understanding of nature and he can be trusted.

4. Emotional Stability

This personality has characteristics of being calm and easily adjusted. The leaders who

have such personality, they do not take criticism on a personal level and can handle such

situation easily.

5. Conscientiousness

In this the person acts responsible, he has a goal-achieving attitude and considers things

that are right with expressing honesty.

Personality Test

My personality test describes me as an Introvert person as my results have calculated

19% Extraversion, which shows that I’m not social and talkative, I like being alone most of the
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time rather than surrounded by many people. I have 57% emotional stability I stay calm and do

not express anger in general, 56% Agreeableness shows that I am the kind of person who can be

trusted as I easily forgive others and do not hold grudges. Conscientiousness trait is 67% which

explains that I have a goal-directed attitude and I work with Honesty. My Imagination is 46%,

which shows that I am creative and open to new ideas (Goldberg, 1922)

QUESTION NO. 2

How might a leader deal with a subordinate who is rude, insensitive, and disrespectful to

others?

Researches suggest that good and successful leaders are those who are emotionally

stable, extroverted, and have a high degree of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Leadership

values are the characteristics that a leader uses to relate with others such as a leader who is open

to ideas, shows politeness, and has a goal-achieving attitude might have difficulty with

interacting with people who are rebellious and independent.

Every leader has a responsibility of maintaining a positive environment at a workplace

and to maintain it the leader and all the employees should be respectful and follow the rules. To
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deal with the subordinate who is rude and disrespectful, a leader should initiate some strict

disciplinary actions, such as a leader should explain to all employees that if their behaviour will

be negative for the organization then they will face the consequences such as no promotion or

low wage (Hendricks, 2014).

Another solution is to consider the basic problem such as, see if his behaviour is based on

his personality or due to the issue on which he has started acting currently. If the subordination is

hard-working but shows rude behaviour the leader should motivate him, counsel him, or may

provide him a leave to address his issues if there are any. A leader should listen to what his

employee feels at a workplace, he might be able to find an issue and address it to make him feel

satisfied again. The leader can also offer an action plan such as making his subordinate have a

few sessions with an occupational therapist (Peterson, 2018).

QUESTION 3

Define Attitude and Distinguish between X and Y Theory of Leaders.

Attitude

It is a way of feeling positive or negative towards an event, people, or anything. The

personality traits in a leader show the way he can relate to other people.

The X and Y theory is presented by Douglas McGregor, explains the two types of

behaviour seen at work. Theory X shows the nature of people who are lazy and do not show

responsibility towards their work and neither are motivated. Such people are then controlled and

they are forced to make them work. Assumptions about theory X include that such people try to

avoid work and they aren’t goal-oriented and creative towards ant task because they have a trait

o disliking work. Theory Y includes the personality trait of people who are very motivated,

responsible, and show creativity in every task; they also put their effort into solving any
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organizational problem. Theory Y has an assumption that human being does not dislike work

rather work is as important to them as playing or rest. They do not only accept the task but also

feel responsible for it. They utilize their creativity and imagination to show high-quality results.
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References

Goldberg. (1922). Big Five Personality Test. Retrieved from openpsychometric.org:

https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/IPIP-BFFM/

Hendricks, D. (2014). How to manage an employee who doesnot respect you. Retrieved from

Inc: https://www.inc.com

Peterson, L. (2018). How to deal with subordinates who refuse to respect you. Retrieved from

Chron: https://smallbusiness.chron.com
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