PROBLEMS AND CONCEPTUAL EXERCISES 449
3. • If you dribble a basketball with a frequency of 1.9 Hz, how much 14. •• A mass oscillates on a spring with a period of 0.63 s and an am-
time does it take for you to complete 12 dribbles?
4. • You take your pulse and observe 74 heartbeats in a minute. What
are the period and frequency of your heartbeat?
5. • B I O Slow-Motion Dragonfly A frame-by-frame analysis of a slow-
motion video shows that a hovering dragonfly takes 7 frames to
complete one wing beat. If the video is shot at 240 frames per sec-
ond, (a) what is the period of the wing beat, and (b) how many
wing beats does the dragonfly perform per second?
6. •• Predict/Calculate (a) Your heart beats with a frequency of
1.45 Hz. How many beats occur in a minute? (b) If the frequency
of your heartbeat increases, will the number of beats in a minute
increase, decrease, or stay the same? (c) How many beats occur in
a minute if the frequency increases to 1.55 Hz?
7. •• You rev your car’s engine to 3300 rpm 1rev>min2. (a) What are
the period and frequency of the engine? (b) If you change the pe-
riod of the engine to 0.033 s, how many rpms is it doing?
SECTION 13-2 SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
8. • CE A mass moves back and forth in simple harmonic motion
with amplitude A and period T. (a) In terms of A, through what
distance does the mass move in the time T? (b) Through what dis-
tance does it move in the time 5T>2?
9. • CE A mass moves back and forth in simple harmonic motion
with amplitude A and period T. (a) In terms of T, how much time
does it take for the mass to move through a total distance of 2A?
(b) How much time does it take for the mass to move through a
total distance of 3A?
10. • The position of a mass oscillating on a spring is given by
x = 13.9 cm2 cos 32pt>10.38 s24. (a) What is the period of this mo-
tion? (b) What is the first time the mass is at the position x = 0?
11. • The position of a mass oscillating on a spring is given by
x = 17.8 cm2 cos 32pt>10.68 s24. (a) What is the frequency of this
motion? (b) When is the mass first at the position x = -7.8 cm?
12. •• CE A position-versus-time plot for an object undergoing simple
harmonic motion is given in FIGURE 13-30 . Rank the six points in-
dicated in the figure in order of increasing (a) speed, (b) velocity,
and (c) acceleration. Indicate ties where necessary.
x C
B Garden patch
A D
t
E
F nent of the ball’s position at the times 2.5 s, 5.0 s, and 7.5 s. Let
FIGURE 13-30 Problem 12
13. •• CE A mass on a spring oscillates with simple harmonic motion
of amplitude A about the equilibrium position x = 0. Its maxi-
mum speed is vmax and its maximum acceleration is amax. (a) What
is the speed of the mass at x = 0? (b) What is the acceleration of
the mass at x = 0? (c) What is the speed of the mass at x = A?
(d) What is the acceleration of the mass at x = A?
M13_WALK6444_05_SE_C13_pp418-455.indd 449
plitude of 4.4 cm. Write an equation giving x as a function of time,
assuming the mass starts at x = A at time t = 0.
15. •• Predict/Calculate Molecular Oscillations An atom in a mol-
ecule oscillates about its equilibrium position with a frequency
of 2.00 * 1014 Hz and a maximum displacement of 3.50 nm.
(a) Write an expression giving x as a function of time for this atom,
assuming that x = A at t = 0. (b) If, instead, we assume that x = 0
at t = 0, would your expression for position versus time use a sine
function or a cosine function? Explain.
16. •• A mass oscillates on a spring with a period T and an amplitude
0.48 cm. The mass is at the equilibrium position x = 0 at t = 0,
and is moving in the positive direction. Where is the mass at the
times (a) t = T>8, (b) t = T>4, (c) t = T>2, and (d) t = 3T>4?
(e) Plot your results for parts (a) through (d) with the vertical axis
representing position and the horizontal axis representing time.
17. •• The position of a mass on a spring is given by
x = 13.8 cm2 cos 32pt>10.88 s24 . (a) What is the period, T, of this
motion? (b) Where is the mass at t = 0.55 s? (c) Show that the
mass is at the same location at 0.55 s + T seconds as it is at 0.55 s.
18. •• Predict/Calculate A mass attached to a spring oscillates with
a period of 3.35 s. (a) If the mass starts from rest at x = 0.0440 m
and time t = 0, where is it at time t = 6.37 s? (b) Is the mass mov-
ing in the positive or negative x direction at t = 6.37 s? Explain.
19. ••• A lawn sprinkler oscillates with simple harmonic motion of
period T = 52.0 s, and sprays water with an angle to the vertical
1u = 02 that varies from u = -45° to u = 45°, as shown in FIGURE
13-31 . Water from the sprinkler lands in a nearby garden patch
when the angle the sprinkler makes with the vertical is greater
than u = 36°. For what amount of time is the sprinkler watering
the garden during one complete cycle of its oscillation?
u = 0
u = - 458
u = 458
FIGURE 13-31 Problem 19
SECTION 13-3 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN UNIFORM
CIRCULAR MOTION AND SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
20. • A ball rolls on a circular track of radius 0.62 m with a constant
angular speed of 1.3 rad>s in the counterclockwise direction. If the
angular position of the ball at t = 0 is u = 0, find the x compo-
u = 0 correspond to the positive x direction.
21. • An object executing simple harmonic motion has a maximum
speed of 4.1 m>s and a maximum acceleration of 0.85 m > s2. Find
(a) the amplitude and (b) the period of this motion.
22. • A child rocks back and forth on a porch swing with an amplitude
of 0.204 m and a period of 2.80 s. Assuming the motion is approxi-
mately simple harmonic, find the child’s maximum speed.
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