CELL CYCLE

MITOSIS
 MEIOSIS

is a process involving two fissions of the nucleus and giving rise to four gametes, or sex cells, each
possessing half the number of chromosomes (haploid = n) of the original cell. The egg and sperm cells are
produced this way. The male and female sex cells fuse to create a new, singular biological organism. It may
be found in many species of plant and animal cell reproduction.
-there are 2 phases of meiosis:
1. MEIOSIS I
-________________________ cell division (daughter cells differ from the mother cell

2. MEIOSIS II
-________________________ cell division

MEIOSIS I
Prophase I has 5 stages

i. Leptotene
- chromosomes start to _________________

ii. Zygotene
- ______________________________
= protein structure between chromosomes

iii. Pachytene
- ________________________
= recombination of genes

iv. Dyplotene
- homologous chromosomes separate

v. Diakinesis

Metaphase I – chromosomes arranged on _______________________.

Anaphase I – reduction of the number of chromosomes
Telophase I

MEIOSIS II (similar to mitosis)

Prophase II – new spindle is formed
Metaphase II – chromosomes lined on ____________________
Anaphase II – chromatids part and migrate to opposite poles
Telophase II – meiosis is complete with 4 cells with ___________ number of chromosomes.

Cytokinesis
- the cell physically divides into two

animal/plant cell animal/plant cell

 MEIOSIS MITOSIS

Definition: A type of cellular reproduction in A process of asexual

which the number of chromosomes
are reduced by half through the
separation of homologous
chromosomes in a diploid cell.
reproduction in which the
cell divides in two producing
a replica, with an equal
number of chromosomes in
haploid cell

Function:

Type of sexual asexual

Reproduction:

Occurs in: Humans, animals, plants, fungi all organisms

Daughter cells
genetically:

Number of divisions:

Number of daughter
Cells produced:

Chromosome Reduced by half Remains the same

number in human In numbers: __________ In numbers: ___________
cells:

Creates: Sex cells only: Female egg cells or Makes everything other
Male sperm cells than sex cells