1

TËp hîp c¸c khiÕm khuyÕt th êng gÆp nhÊt

trong c¸c ®ît kiÓm tra cña chÝnh quyÒn c¶ng

A COLLECTION OF THE MOST COMMON DEFICIENCIES

FOUND DURING PORT STATE CONTROL INSPECTIONS

Tµi liÖu nµy, bao gåm mét sè h×nh ¶nh, c¸c m« t¶ ng¾n gän vÒ c¸c thiÕt bÞ liªn
quan vµ c¸c qui ®Þnh ¸p dông, cïng víi ®Ò xuÊt c¸ch thøc kiÓm tra vµ thö mµ
theo quan ®iÓm cña VR, nÕu ®4îc tiÕn hµnh th4êng xuyªn, sÏ gióp duy tr× tÝnh
hiÖu qu¶ cña thiÕt bÞ.
Each card, which includes some photographic material, contains a
short description ofthe relevant equipment and applicable
rules and regulations, together with some suggested tests and checks
which, in the VR view could, if regularly applied, help
maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the equipment

Mét c«ng cô ®¬n gi¶n vµ th©n thiÖn ®Ó trî

gióp c¸c chñ tµu ®Þnh kú kiÓm tra
t×nh tr¹ng b¶o d ìng cña tµu

AN EASY AND USER-FRIENDLY TOOL TO ASSIST OWNERS

TO REGULARLY CHECK THE MAINTENANCE CONDITION
OF THE SHIP IN THE LIGHT OF A POSSIBLE
PORT STATE CONTROL INSPECTION

01 C¬ cÊu chÆn löa (buång m¸y)

 2
FIRE DAMPERS (ENGINE ROOM)
02 b¬m cøu háa chÝnh
MAIN FIRE PUMPS
03 b¬m cøu háa sù cè
EMERGENCY FIRE PUMP
04 ® êng èng cøu háa
FIRE MAIN
05 thiÕt bÞ ®ãng khÈn cÊp
QUICK CLOSING DEVICES
06 thiÕt bÞ ng¾t sù cè
EMERGENCY STOPS
07 nguån ®iÖn sù cè
EMERGENCY SOURCE OF ELECTRICAL POWER
08 thiÕt bÞ ph©n ly dÇu n íc
OILY WATER SEPARATOR
09 kÐt dÇu cÆn (® êng èng x¶ ra ngoµi m¹n sai qui ®Þnh)
SLUDGE TANK (ILLEGAL OVERBOARD CONNECTIONS)
10 xuång cøu sinh
LIFEBOATS
11 bÌ cøu sinh
LIFERAFTS
12 thiÕt bÞ h¹
LAUNCHING APPLIANCES
13 thiÕt bÞ m¹n kh«
LOAD LINE APPLIANCES
14 sù s¹ch sÏ cña buång m¸y vµ khoang m¸y l¸i
CLEANLINESS OF ENGINE ROOM AND STEERING GEAR ROOM
15 Ên phÈm hµng h¶i, h¶i ®å vµ c¸c tµi liÖu kh¸c
NAUTICAL PUBLICATIONS, CHARTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTATION
C¬ cÊu chÆn löa
1. giíi thiÖu chung

Trong tr êng hîp ch¸y trong buång m¸y,
kh¶ n¨ng ng¾t viÖc cÊp nhiªn liÖu vµ
kh«ng khÝ vµo buång m¸y lµ rÊt quan
träng. Kh«ng khÝ ® îc ng¾t b»ng c¬ cÊu
chÆn löa trong èng th«ng giã buång
m¸y.
èng th«ng giã cã thÓ (H×nh 1):
H×nh1/Fig.1
- ®øng ®éc lËp trªn boong/th îng tÇng
- mét phÇn kÕt cÊu th îng tÇng
C¬ cÊu chÆn löa cã thÓ gåm: c¸nh chÆn
löa bªn trong èng th«ng giã, ® îc ®iÒu
khiÓn t¹i chç b»ng tay (H×nh 1, H×nh 2),
hoÆc ®iÒu khiÓn tõ xa (H×nh 3)
- c¸nh chÆn löa nhiÒu tÊm ®Æt ë cöa
lÊy kh«ng khÝ vµo buång m¸y, cã thÓ
®iÒu khiÓn t¹i chç b»ng tay quay, hoÆc
®iÒu khiÓn tõ xa;
DAMPERS
1. GENERAL
3
In the event of an engine room fire, it is
obviously important to be able to shut off
both air and fuel. The air is shut off by
means of dampers located in engine room
ventilators.
Ventilators may either be (Fig.1):
- free-standing on the
deck/superstructure; or
- an integral part of the ship’s
superstructure.
Fire dampers may consist of a:
- fire flap inside the ventilator, which
may be either manually operated locally
by means of a lever (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), or
remotely operated (Fig. 3);
- multiple fin flap on the air inlet, which
may be either manually operated locally
by means of a lever or remotely operated;
- manual hinged cover with sealing
gasket and dogs (Fig. 1, Fig. 4).
H×nh 2/Fig.2
H×nh3/Fig.3

- n¾p kiÓu b¶n lÒ ®ãng b»ng tay cã
®Öm lµm kÝn vµ chèt cµi (H×nh 1, H×nh
4).
2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
1.1 N¾p kiÓu b¶n lÒ
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng cña n¾p vµ ®Öm lµm
kÝn (mßn vµ h h¹i).
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng b¶n lÒ (quay dÔ dµng)
vµ chèt cµi (cßn ®ñ vµ ® îc b«i tr¬n tèt).
1.2 C¸nh chÆn löa
C¸c vÞ trÝ "§ãng" vµ "Më" ® îc ®¸nh dÊu
râ rµng.
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng c¸c c¸nh chÆn löa vµ
kh¶ n¨ng lµm kÝn cña chóng.
Thö ho¹t ®éng thiÕt bÞ ®ãng vµ ® a c¬
cÊu chÆn löa vµo vÞ trÝ ®ãng.
***
4
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
2.1 Hinged covers
Check the condition of the cover and
gasket (wastage and damage).
Check the condition of hinges (free to
rotate) and dogs (all available and well
lubricated).
2.2 Fire flaps and multiple fin flaps
Check that the "open" and "closed"
position are clearly marked
Check the condition of the flaps and their
capability to provide the required seal.
Operate the closing device and move the
damper to the “Closed” position.
H×nh4/Fig.4
***

B¬m cøu háa chÝnh
1. giíi thiÖu chung
Tµu ® îc trang bÞ b¬m cøu háa chÝnh vµ
b¬m cøu háa sù cè vµ chóng ®Æc biÖt
quan träng ®èi víi an toµn cña tµu.
KhiÕm khuyÕt b¬m cøu háa, dï lµ b¬m
chÝnh hay b¬m sù cè, ®Òu bÞ coi lµ
khiÕm khuyÕt nghiªm träng vµ c¸c söa
ch÷a cÇn thiÕt ph¶i ® îc thùc hiÖn tr íc
khi tµu tiÕp tôc hµnh tr×nh.
Th«ng th êng trªn tµu trang bÞ 02 b¬m
cøu háa chÝnh ® îc lai b»ng ®éng c¬
®iÖn (SOLAS Reg. II-2/4), ® îc ®Æt
trong buång m¸y (H×nh 1, H×nh 2). Mét
trong hai b¬m th êng còng lµ b¬m dïng
chung.
H×nh1/Fig.1
5
MAIN FIRE PUMPS
1. GENERAL
Ships are provided with main and
emergency fire pumps and they are
essential for the safety of the ship.
Defective fire pumps, either main or
emergency, are considered a major
deficiency. All necessary repairs must
be carried out before the ship sails.
Usually, two main electric fire pumps
(SOLAS Reg. II-2/4) are provided,
located in the engine room (Fig. 1, Fig.
2). The second fire pump will often be
the general service (GS) pump.
H×nh2/Fig.2

2 kiÓm tra vµ thö
KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t bªn ngoµi cña b¬m,
®éng c¬ lai b¬m, ® êng èng, van vµ
®ång hå ¸p suÊt, t×m c¸c h h¹i, mßn, rß
rØ hoÆc c¸c trôc trÆc kh¸c.
Nèi häng cøu háa xa nhÊt vµ häng cøu
háa cao nhÊt víi vßi rång vµ l¨ng phun
vµ më chóng (c¸c häng kh¸c ®ãng).
TiÕn hµnh thö ho¹t ®éng cña c¶ hai b¬m
cøu háa chÝnh mét c¸ch riªng rÏ. Trong
mçi lÇn thö ho¹t ®éng (chØ mét b¬m lµm
viÖc) kiÓm tra kh¶ n¨ng t¹o ® îc ¸p suÊt
yªu cÇu (1) vµ 02 tia n íc phun ®ñ xa
theo ph ¬ng ngang (H×nh 3).
Trong khi thö, ®ãng ® êng èng röa xÝch
neo.
H×nh 3/Fig.3
(1)
mÆc dï SOLAS yªu cÇu ph¶i ®¹t ® îc ¸p
suÊt tèi thiÓu:
- 0,27 N/mm2 ®èi víi tµu GT>6000; vµ
- 0,25 N/mm2 ®èi víi tµu 1000<GT<6000,
khi c¶ hai b¬m ho¹t ®éng, nh ng th«ng th êng
c¸c hÖ thèng hiÖn ®¹i cã thÓ ®¹t ® îc ¸p suÊt
nµy chØ víi mét b¬m ho¹t ®éng.
***
6
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
Make an external visual examination of
the pumps, motors, pipes, valves and
pressure gauges, looking for damage,
corrosion, leakage or malfunctioning.
Connect the foremost and the highest
hydrants with the relevant fire hoses and
nozzles and open them (all other
hydrants remain closed).
Carry out a running test of both main
fire pumps separately. On the occasion
of each running test (one pump working)
check that the system is capable of
producing the required pressure(1)and
that the two jets of water reach a
sufficient horizontal distance (Fig. 3).
During the test, the line for anchor chain
washing should be kept closed.
(1)
Although the SOLAS Convention requires
the following
minimum pressures:
- 0.27 N/mm for ships with GT>6000; and
- 0.25 N/mm for ships with 1000<GT<6000,
to be reached with both pumps working,
usually modern
systems can achieve the required pressure with
only one pump working.
***

b¬m cøu háa sù cè
1. giíi thiÖu chung
Tµu ® îc trang bÞ b¬m cøu háa chÝnh vµ
b¬m cøu háa sù cè vµ chóng ®Æc biÖt
quan träng ®èi víi an toµn cña tµu.
KhiÕm khuyÕt b¬m cøu háa, dï lµ b¬m
chÝnh hay b¬m sù cè, ®Òu bÞ coi lµ
khiÕm khuyÕt nghiªm träng vµ c¸c söa
ch÷a cÇn thiÕt ph¶i ® îc thùc hiÖn tr íc
khi tµu tiÕp tôc hµnh tr×nh.
B¬m cøu háa sù cè (SOLAS Reg. II-
2/4) ph¶i ® îc ®Æt trong mét khoang
c¸ch ly víi buång m¸y: th êng lµ trong
th îng tÇng mòi hoÆc ë phÝa sau trong
buång m¸y l¸i.
B¬m cøu háa sù cè cã thÓ ® îc lai b»ng
®éng c¬ ®iÖn (H×nh 1), ® îc cung cÊp
n¨ng l îng tõ b¶ng ®iÖn sù cè, hoÆc
b»ng mét ®éng c¬ diesel ®éc lËp (H×nh
2).
H×nh1/ Fig.1
2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t bªn ngoµi cña b¬m,
®éng c¬ lai b¬m, ® êng èng, van vµ
®ång hå ¸p suÊt, t×m c¸c h h¹i, mßn, rß
rØ hoÆc c¸c trôc trÆc kh¸c.
NÕu ®éng c¬ lai lµ diesel, kiÓm tra ®éng
c¬ vµ c¸c thiÕt bÞ phô trî, hÖ thèng khëi
®éng (kÓ c¶ ¾c qui, nÕu cã), kÐt ®©u ®èt,
® êng èng vµ hÖ thèng khÝ x¶.
Nèi häng cøu háa xa nhÊt vµ cao nhÊt
víi vßi rång vµ l¨ng phun. Më hai häng
7
EMERGENCY FIRE PUMP
1. GENERAL
Ships are provided with main and
mergency fire pumps and they are
essential for the safety of the ship.
Defective fire pumps, either main or
emergency, are considered a major
deficiency. All necessary repairs must
be carried out before the ship sails.
The emergency fire pump (SOLAS Reg.
II-2/4) must always be located in a
compartment separated from the engine
room: this is often in the forecastle or aft
in the steering flat.
The emergency fire pump may be either
driven by an electric motor (Fig. 1), fed
from the emergency switchboard, or by
a small auxiliary diesel engine (Fig. 2).
H×nh2/Fig.2
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
Make an external visual examination of
the pumps, prime movers, pipes, valves
and pressure gauges, looking for
damage, corrosion, leakage or
malfunctioning.
If the prime mover is a diesel engine,
check the engine and the associated
equipment, the starting system
(including a battery, if fitted), the fuel
tank and piping and the exhaust system.

cøu háa nµy vµ kiÓm tra kh¶ n¨ng t¹o ®ñ
¸p suÊt yªu cÇu (1) vµ c¶ hai tia n íc
phun ®ñ xa theo ph ¬ng ngang (H×nh 3).
H×nh3/Fig.3
Cho b¬m ho¹t ®éng tèi thiÓu 30 phót.
Trong khi thö b¬m cøu háa sù cè, ph¶i
®ãng van c¸ch ly víi buång m¸y ®Ó thö
ho¹t ®éng cña van vµ tr¸nh viÖc dïng
c¸c b¬m trong buång m¸y ®Ó n©ng ¸p
suÊt.
Trong khi thö, ®ãng ® êng èng röa xÝch
neo.
B¬m cøu háa sù cè ph¶i cã kh¶ n¨ng
ho¹t ®éng tháa m·n kh«ng kÓ ®Õn chiÒu
ch×m hay ®é chói cña tµu (H×nh 4).
Khi ®¸nh gi¸ ho¹t ®éng cña b¬m cøu
háa sù cè ë tr¹ng th¸i tµu ®Çy t¶i, cÇn
ph¶i l u ý r»ng b¬m cã thÓ ® îc PSC thö
khi tµu ë tr¹ng th¸i nhÑ t¶i.
(1)
SOLAS yªu cÇu ph¶i ®¹t ® îc ¸p suÊt tèi
thiÓu:
- 0,27 N/mm2 ®èi víi tµu GT>6000; vµ
- 0,25 N/mm2 ®èi víi tµu 1000<GT<6000,
***
8
H×nh4/Fig.4
Connect the foremost and the highest
hydrants with the relevant fire hoses and
nozzles. Open the two hydrants
mentioned above, check that the system
is capable of producing the required
pressure and that both jets reach a
sufficient horizontal distance (Fig. 3).
Keep the pump functioning for at least
30 minutes.
During the test of the emergency fire
pump, the isolating valve from the
engine room is to be closed, both to test
its operation and to avoid pumps in the
engine room being used to raise the
ressure.
During the test the line for anchor chain
washing should be kept closed.
The emergency fire pump must be able
to operate satisfactorily regardless of the
draft or trim of the ship (Fig. 4).
When assessing the performance of an
emergency fire pump in full load
condition, consider that it could be
tested in lightship condition during a
port State control inspection.
(1) The SOLAS Convention requires the
following minimum
pressures to be reached:
- 0.27 N/mm2for ships with GT>6000; and
- 0.25 N/mm2for ships with1000<GT<6000,
***

® êng èng cøu háa
1. giíi thiÖu chung
TÝnh nguyªn vÑn cña hÖ thèng cøu háa
chÝnh (SOLAS Reg. II-2/4) rÊt quan
träng ®èi víi an toµn cña tµu. § êng èng
cøu háa bÞ rß rØ hoÆc ¨n mßn nÆng lµ
mét khiÕm khuyÕt nghiªm träng vµ tÊt
c¶ c¸c söa ch÷a cÇn thiÕt ph¶i ® îc thùc
hiÖn tr íc khi tµu rêi c¶ng.
Thö hÖ thèng ® êng èng cøu háa ph¶i
® îc thùc hiÖn cïng víi thö b¬m cøu
háa chÝnh vµ thö b¬m cøu háa sù cè.
2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t hÖ thèng ®?êng èng
cøu háa: hép xi m¨ng (H×nh 1) vµ c¸c
söa ch÷a t¹m thêi kh¸c kh«ng ® îc chÊp
nhËn, trõ khi lµ söa ch÷a khÈn cÊp trªn
biÓn vµ chØ cho ®Õn khi tíi c¶ng.
H×nh1/Fig.1
KiÓm tra vµ thö b»ng c¸ch gâ bóa
®?êng èng vµ häng cøu háa khi cã ¸p
suÊt, nÕu cã rß rØ ph¶i söa ch÷a triÖt ®Ó
ngay (H×nh 2).
Häng cøu háa ph¶i ®ñ vµ ho¹t ®éng
® îc (H×nh 3). C¸c van, tay van, ... bÞ
mÊt hoÆc h háng ph¶i ® îc thay thÕ.
TÊt c¶ c¸c hép cøu háa (hoÆc "hép mµu
®á") ph¶i ® îc ®¸nh dÊu râ trªn s¬ ®å
cøu háa cña tµu vµ th êng ® îc ®Æt ë vÞ
trÝ gÇn c¸c häng cøu háa (H×nh 4)
9
Fire main
1. GENERAL
Integrity of the fire main (SOLAS Reg.
II-2/4) is essential for the ship’s safety.
A leaking or excessively corroded fire
main is a major deficiency and all
necessary repairs are to be carried out
before the ship leaves the port.
The test is to be carried out in
conjunction with the test of the main fire
pump(s) and of the emergency fire
pump.
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
Visually inspect the fire main: cement
boxes (Fig. 1) and other varieties of
temporary repair are not acceptable,
except as emergency repairs at sea and
only until the next port of call.
Check and hammer test the fire main
and hydrants under pressure and ask for
any leak to be immediately and
permanently repaired (Fig. 2).
H×nh2/Fig.2
The hydrants must be complete and
operational (Fig.3). Missing or damaged
hand-wheels, valves, etc.must be
renewed.
All the fire stations (or “red boxes”) are
marked on theship’s fire control plan
and are normally positioned inthe
proximity of hydrants (Fig. 4).
They should be painted red for easy
dentification and be capable of
protecting their content from the marine
environment.

H×nh3/Fig.3
Chóng ph¶i ® îc s¬n ®á ®Ó dÔ nhËn biÕt
vµ cã kh¶ n¨ng b¶o vÖ c¸c vËt dông bªn
trong kh«ng bÞ h h¹i do m«i tr êng
biÓn. KiÓm tra tÝnh nguyªn vÑn cña hép.
NÕu cöa buéc b»ng d©y hoÆc kh«ng
®ãng ® îc, ph¶i söa ch÷a ngay. KiÓm tra
hép ® îc bè trÝ nh trong s¬ ®å cøu háa.
Mçi hép ph¶i cã mét vßi rång, mét l¨ng
phun (kiÓu t¸c dông kÐp nÕu yªu cÇu)
vµ mét khíp nèi (H×nh 5). KiÓm tra
trang bÞ trong c¸c hép ®Çy ®ñ.
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng c¸c vßi rång, chóng
th êng dÔ bÞ háng, ®Æc biÖt trong buång
m¸y do m«i tr êng nãng vµ dÇu. Vßi
rång bÞ háng hoÆc h h¹i ph¶i ® îc thay
thÕ. KiÓm tra kiÓu vµ kÝch th íc cña
khíp nèi vßi rång phï hîp víi nhau vµ
víi c¸c l¨ng phun vµ häng cøu háa. CÇn
®Æc biÖt chó ý t×nh tr¹ng cña khãa nèi
vßi rång vµ khíp nèi.
§¶m b¶o r»ng tµu ® îc trang bÞ bÝch nèi
bê quèc tÕ (SOLAS reg. II-2/19) vµ
® îc ®¸nh dÊu râ rµng.
***
10
H×nh4/Fig.4
Check the integrity of the box. If the
doors are roped shut or hanging off, ask
for them to be repaired. Check that the
arrangement of the boxes is the same as
on the plan and for each box. Each box
should contain a hose, a nozzle (of “dual
type” where required) and a spanner
(Fig. 5).
H×nh5/Fig.5
Check that the inventory is complete.
Check the condition of the hoses, which
can easily deteriorate, particularly in the
engine room, in the presence of heat and
oil. Deteriorated or damaged hoses must
be re placed. Check that the coupling
type and size of the hoses match each
other and that they are the same as the
nozzles and the hydrants.
Particular attention is to be paid to the
condition of the clamps used to connect
the hose with the coupling.
 11
Make sure that the international
shore connection flange (SOLAS Reg.
II-2/19) is available and clearly marked.
***

ThiÕt bÞ ®ãng khÈn cÊp
1. giíi thiÖu chung
Trong tr êng hîp ch¸y trong buång
m¸y, mét ®iÒu rÊt quan träng lµ ph¶i cã
kh¶ n¨ng ng¾t c¶ kh«ng khÝ vµ nhiªn
liÖu cÊp vµo buång m¸y.
Nhiªn liÖu ® îc ng¾t b»ng c¸c van ®ãng
nhanh ® îc l¾p trùc tiÕp trªn kÐt nhiªn
liÖu (SOLAS reg. II-2/15), cã kh¶ n¨ng
®ãng tõ mét tr¹m ®iÒu khiÓn ®Æt bªn
ngoµi buång m¸y (H×nh 1).
H×nh1/Fig.1
Van ®ãng nhanh cã 3 kiÓu chÝnh vµ kh¸c
biÖt duy nhÊt lµ hÖ thèng ®iÒu khiÓn
chóng:
- C¬ khÝ: sö dông d©y c¸p vµ puly dÉn
c¸p tíi tr¹m ®iÒu khiÓn,
- KhÝ nÐn: sö dông khÝ nÐn ®Èy mét
piston nhá ®Ó nh¶ van (H×nh 2),
- Thñy lùc: còng t ¬ng tù nh hÖ thèng
khÝ nÐn nh ng sö dông chÊt láng thñy
lùc (H×nh 3).
H×nh2/Fig.2
12
Quick close devices
1. GENERAL
In the event of an engine room fire, it is
obviously important to be able to shut
off both air and fuel.
The fuel is shut off by means of quick
closing valves fitted directly on the fuel
tanks (SOLAS Reg. II-2/15), capable of
being closed from a control station
located outside the engine room (Fig. 1).
There are three basic types of quick
closing valves andthe only difference is
the operating system which maybe:
- Mechanical, using steel wires &
pulleys to route the wires to the control
station,
- Pneumatic, using compressed air to
activate a small piston to trip the valve
(Fig. 2),
- Hydraulic, as for pneumatic but using
hydraulic fluid (Fig. 3).
H×nh3/Fig.3
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
2.1 General checks applicable to all
types.
Check the proper marking and prompt
access to the release control station.
Check the labelling in a suitable
language of each operating handle.
Check for absence of wired/wedged
open valves (if a valve is wired because
it closes due to vibrations, proper repairs
are to be carried out).

2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
2.1 KiÓm tra chung ¸p dông cho mäi
kiÓu van
KiÓm tra viÖc ®¸nh dÊu vµ kh¶ n¨ng tiÕp
cËn nhanh tíi tr¹m ®iÒu khiÓn.
KiÓm tra viÖc ghi nh·n cho mçi tay ®iÒu
khiÓn van b»ng ng«n ng÷ thÝch hîp.
KiÓm tra xem cã van nµo ph¶i buéc
d©y/chªm (nÕu mét van ph¶i buéc d©y v×
nã sÏ ®ãng l¹i do sù rung ®éng th× ph¶i
tiÕn hµnh söa ch÷a thÝch hîp).
2.2 KiÓm tra bæ sung cho van kiÓu c¬
khÝ
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng d©y c¸p: kh«ng bÞ h
h¹i vµ chïng, kiÓm tra c¸c puly: ph¶i
quay dÔ dµng.
KiÓm tra mçi van (nÕu cã thÓ): ph¶i
®ãng kÝn tháa m·n khi kÐo c¸p b»ng tay
®iÒu khiÓn t ¬ng øng.
2.3 KiÓm tra bæ sung cho van kiÓu
khÝ nÐn
HÖ thèng ph¶i ® îc b¶o d ìng tháa m-n,
kh«ng cã rß rØ; kiÓm tra tÝnh s½n sµng
cña khÝ nÐn vµ chØ b¸o ¸p suÊt.
KiÓm tra mçi van (nÕu cã thÓ): ph¶i lµm
viÖc tháa m·n khi hÖ thèng ho¹t ®éng.
2.4 KiÓm tra bæ sung cho van kiÓu
thñy lùc
KiÓm tra dÇu: hÖ thèng ph¶i cã ®ñ dÇu
vµ kh«ng rß rØ.
KiÓm tra mçi van (nÕu cã thÓ): ph¶i
®ãng kÝn tháa m·n khi kÐo tay ®iÒu
khiÓn t ¬ng øng.
***
13
2.2 Additional checks applicable to
the mechanical type
Check that the wires are satisfactorily
maintained without deterioration and
loosening, check that relevant pulleys
are free to rotate.
Test that each valve (where possible)
closes properly by pulling the wire by
means of the relevant handle.
2.3 Additional checks applicable to
the pneumatic type
Check that the system is satisfactorily
maintained
without leakages, check the proper
availability and indication of air
pressure.
Test that each valve (where possible)
works properly by actuating the system.
2.4 Additional checks applicable to
the hydraulic type
Check that the system is properly filled
with oil and without leakages.
Test that each valve (where possible)
closes properly by actuating the relevant
handle.
***

ThiÕt bÞ ng¾t sù cè
1. giíi thiÖu chung
Trong tr êng hîp ch¸y buång m¸y, ph¶i
ng¾t nguån n¨ng l îng cÊp cho qu¹t giã
vµ b¬m nhiªn liÖu. Do ®ã, thiÕt bÞ ng¾t
sù cè tõ xa ph¶i ® îc trang bÞ cho qu¹t
giã buång m¸y, c¸c b¬m nhiªn liÖu, b¬m
dÇu nhên vµ c¸c thiÕt bÞ läc (SOLAS
Reg. II-2/11).
C¸c c«ng t¾c sù cè th êng ® îc ®Æt
trong mét tñ mµu ®á ë gÇn tr¹m ®iÒu
khiÓn van ®ãng nhanh (H×nh 1).
H×nh1/Fig.1
2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
KiÓm tra tñ ® îc ®¸nh dÊu dÔ nhËn biÕt
vµ c¸c c«ng t¾c ® îc ghi nh·n râ rµng
b»ng ng«n ng÷ thÝch hîp.
KiÓm tra ng¾t nguån tíi mçi thiÕt bÞ
b»ng c¸ch bËt c«ng t¾c t ¬ng øng.
***
14
Emergency stops
1. GENERAL
In the event of an engine room fire, the
power of the ventilation fans and of the
fuel oil pumps is to be cut.
For this purpose, remote emergency
stops are provided for the engine room
ventilator fans, the fuel, diesel &
lubricating oil pumps and the purifiers
(SOLAS Reg. II-2/11).
The emergency switches are usually
contained in a red painted cabinet close
to that of the quick closing valves (Fig.
1).
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
Check that the cabinet is conspicuously
marked and that switches are labelled in
a suitable language indicating the
equipment concerned.
Test that the power is cut to each piece
of equipment by operating the relevant
switch.
***

Nguån ®iÖn sù cè
1. giíi thiÖu chung
§Ó ®Ò phßng tr êng hîp mÊt nguån ®iÖn
chÝnh, tµu ® îc trang bÞ nguån ®iÖn sù
cè ®Ó phôc vô cho c¸c ho¹t ®éng quan
träng ®èi víi an toµn cña tµu khi gÆp sù
cè nh :
- chiÕu s¸ng sù cè ë nh÷ng n¬i SOLAS
yªu cÇu (c¸c kh«ng gian phôc vô vµ sinh
ho¹t, buång m¸y, tr¹m ®iÒu khiÓn, m¸y
l¸i, tr¹m tËp trung vµ ® a ng êi xuèng
ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh, ...);
- ®Ìn hµnh h¶i
- thiÕt bÞ v« tuyÕn ®iÖn;
- hÖ thèng liªn l¹c néi bé;
- hÖ thèng ph¸t hiÖn vµ b¸o ®éng ch¸y;
- thiÕt bÞ hµng h¶i trªn tµu theo yªu cÇu
cña SOLAS Reg. V/12;
- tÊt c¶ c¸c tÝn hiÖu néi bé ® îc yªu cÇu
trong tr êng hîp sù cè;
- b¬m cøu háa sù cè (nÕu ® îc lai b»ng
®éng c¬ ®iÖn);
- m¸y l¸i
Nguån ®iÖn sù cè cã thÓ lµ:
- m¸y ph¸t ®?îc lai b»ng ®éng c¬
diesel (H×nh 1); hoÆc
- ¾c qui
H×nh1/Fig.1
2. M¸y ph¸t lai b»ng ®éng c¬
diesel
2.1 Khoang ®Æt m¸y ph¸t
15
Emergency source of
electrical power
1. GENERAL
In the event of main electrical power
failure, ships are fitted with an
emergency source of electrical power in
order to supply all those services that are
essential for safety in an emergency,
such as:
- emergency lighting in all places where
required by the SOLAS Convention (i.e.
service and accomodation spaces,
machinery spaces, control stations,
steering gear, muster and embarkation
stations, etc.)
- navigation lights;
- radio installations;
- internal communication system;
- fire detection and fire alarm system;
- the shipborne navigational equipment
as required by Solas Reg. V/12
- all internal signals that are required in
an emergency;
- the emergency fire pump (if driven by
an electric motor)
- the steering gear, where applicable
The emergency source of electrical
power may be:
- a generator driven by a diesel engine
(Fig. 1);
- an accumulator battery.
2. DIESEL GENERATOR
2.1 Compartment where the
generator is located: Check that the to
the compartment is marked and access
doors are in good working order.
- Check the cleanliness of the
compartment
(absence of oil, fuel or water on the
floor; compartment not to be used for
any improper storage).
- Check that lighting, ventilation and
relevant means of closure are in good
order.

- KiÓm tra khoang ® îc ®¸nh dÊu vµ cöa
vµo ë t×nh tr¹ng lµm viÖc tèt.
- KiÓm tra sù s¹ch sÏ cña khoang (dÇu,
nhiªn liÖu hoÆc n íc trªn sµn; kh«ng cÊt
gi÷ c¸c vËt dông kh¸c).
- KiÓm tra chiÕu s¸ng, th«ng giã vµ c¸c
biÖn ph¸p ®ãng kÝn: ph¶i ho¹t ®éng tèt.
- KiÓm tra h íng dÉn vËn hµnh vµ thö
m¸y ph¸t sù cè ® îc ®Æt thÝch hîp.
- KiÓm tra c¸c b×nh cøu háa yªu cÇu
® îc trang bÞ ®ñ vµ b¶o d ìng thÝch hîp.
2.2 KÐt vµ ®?êng èng nhiªn liÖu
- KiÓm tra kÐt cã ®ñ nhiªn liÖu, ® îc
trang bÞ thiÕt bÞ ®o møc nhiªn liÖu (thiÕt
bÞ ®o kiÓu thÞ gi¸c ph¶i ® îc trang bÞ c¬
cÊu tù ®ãng tù ®éng).
- KiÓm tra ho¹t ®éng cña van cÊp nhiªn
liÖu g¾n trªn kÐt (nÕu yªu cÇu van ®ãng
nhanh, kiÓm tra ho¹t ®éng cña thiÕt bÞ
®iÒu khiÓn tõ xa).
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng ® êng èng nhiªn
liÖu (® îc gi÷ chÆt vµ kh«ng rß rØ).
2.3 B¶ng ®iÖn sù cè
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng b¶o d ìng vµ sù
s¹ch sÏ.
- KiÓm tra th¶m c¸ch ®iÖn phÝa tr íc
b¶ng ®iÖn.
- KiÓm tra chiÕu s¸ng phÝa tr íc b¶ng
®iÖn.
2.4 §éng c¬ diesel lai m¸y ph¸t
- KiÓm tra rß rØ (dÇu, nhiªn liÖu vµ
n íc).
- KiÓm tra c¸ch ly cña ® êng khÝ x¶.
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng vµ b¶o d ìng cña
thiÕt bÞ khëi ®éng m¸y ph¸t (nÕu lµ ¾c
qui, chóng ph¶i ® îc cÊt gi÷ thÝch hîp
trong hép).
- TiÕn hµnh thö khëi ®éng vµ ho¹t ®éng
phï hîp víi h íng dÉn, ®Æc biÖt kiÓm tra
rß rØ tõ ® êng khÝ x¶.
16
- Check that instructions for
emergency
generator operation and testing are duly
posted.
- Check that the required fire
extinguishers are fitted and duly
serviced.
2.2 Fuel tank and fuel line
- Check that the tank is properly filled,
provided with well-maintained means to
check the level content (sight level to be
fitted with automatic self-closing
device).
- Check the proper working of the fuel
supply valve fitted on the tank (if a
quick closing valve is required, check
remote control proper functioning).
- Check the good condition of the fuel
line (clamped and without leakage).
2.3 Emergency switchboard
- Check the good condition of
maintenance and cleanliness.
- Check the presence of a suitable
insulating mat in front of the
switchboard.
- Check the proper working of lighting
in front of the switchboard.
2.4 Diesel engine
- Check the absence of leakage (oil, fuel
and water).
- Check proper insulation of the exhaust
gas line.
- Check the good condition and proper
maintenance of means for starting the
generator (in the case of batteries, they
are to be properly secured in a
containment box).
- Carry out a starting and running test
according to the instruction procedures,
checking in particular the absence of
leakage from the exhaust gas line.

3. ¾c qui
3.1 Khoang ¾c qui
- KiÓm tra lèi vµo khoang ® îc ®¸nh dÊu
vµ c¸c dÊu hiÖu c¶nh b¸o ® îc ®Æt thÝch
hîp.
- KiÓm tra cöa vµo lµm viÖc tèt.
- KiÓm tra sù s¹ch sÏ cña khoang vµ ¾c
qui ® îc cÊt gi÷ vµ cè ®Þnh thÝch hîp.
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng b¶o d ìng vµ ho¹t
®éng cña hÖ thèng chiÕu s¸ng vµ th«ng
giã.
- KiÓm tra h íng dÉn b¶o d ìng vµ thö
® îc ®Æt thÝch hîp.
3.2 ¾c qui
- KiÓm tra ¾c qui ® îc b¶o d ìng thÝch
hîp.
- KiÓm tra c¸c d©y ® îc nèi vµ cè ®Þnh
thÝch hîp (kh«ng cã d©y tù do).
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng b¶o d ìng vµ ho¹t
®éng cña thiÕt bÞ n¹p ¾c qui.
- Thö t×nh tr¹ng ho¹t ®éng cña ¾c qui
theo h íng dÉn.
***
17
3. BATTERIES
3.1 Batteries compartment
- Check that access doors are in good
working order.
- Check the cleanliness of the
compartment and that batteries are
properly stowed and fixed.
- Check the proper maintenance and
working condition of lighting and
ventilation.
- Check that instructions for
maintenance and testing are duly posted.
- Check that access to the compartment
is marked and appropriate warning signs
posted.
3.2 Batteries
- Check that batteries are properly
maintained.
- Check that wires are properly
connected and fixed (no adrift wires).
- Check the proper maintenance and
good working condition of charging
devices.
- Test the proper working condition of
batteries according to the instruction
procedures.
***

ThiÕt bÞ ph©n ly
1. giíi thiÖu chung
ThiÕt bÞ ph©n ly dÇu n?íc (MARPOL
Reg.I/16) sö dông nhiÒu ph ¬ng ph¸p
kh¸c nhau ®Ó lo¹i bá dÇu khái n íc ®Ó
sau ®ã cã thÓ b¬m ra ngoµi m¹n, nh ng
tÊt c¶ chóng ®Òu dùa trªn 2 nguyªn lý c¬
b¶n: dÇu cã xu h íng kÕt hîp víi nhau,
tøc lµ c¸c h¹t dÇu thu hót lÉn nhau, vµ tØ
träng cña dÇu thÊp h¬n cña n íc (do ®ã
dÇu næi trong n íc).
Tµu cã 400<GT<9999 yªu cÇu tèi thiÓu
ph¶i cã trang bÞ thiÕt bÞ läc (H×nh 2),
lµm nhiÖm vô gi¶m hµm l îng dÇu trong
n íc la canh xuèng d íi 15 ppm. ThiÕt
bÞ läc dÇu cã thÓ lÊy hçn hîp n íc lÉn
dÇu trùc tiÕp tõ la canh hoÆc tõ kÐt chøa
b»ng mét b¬m thÓ tÝch. ThiÕt bÞ läc sÏ
th¶i dÇu ®· ® îc ph©n ly vµo kÐt dÇu
cÆn, cßn n íc s¹ch ® îc th¶i ra ngoµi
m¹n.
Fig.1
dÇu cÆn ® îc thu thËp trong kÐt dÇu cÆn
cã thÓ ® îc b¬m lªn bê khi tµu trong
c¶ng qua bÝch th¶i tiªu chuÈn hoÆc® îc
®èt nÕu tµu trang bÞ m¸y ®èt r¸c.
Tµu cã GT>10000 nãi chung ® îc trang
bÞ t ¬ng tù, ngoµi ra hÖ thèng ph¶i cã
thiÕt bÞ ®o hµm l îng dÇu víi b¸o ®éng
15 ppm vµ mét thiÕt bÞ ngõng th¶i tù
®éng (H×nh 2). Dßng th¶i ®i qua mét
thiÕt bÞ lÊy mÉu ®Ó ®o hµm l îng dÇu
trong n íc. NÕu hµm l îng dÇu v ît qu¸
15 ppm th× b¸o ®éng sÏ ho¹t ®éng vµ hÖ
thèng ph¶i tù ®éng ng¾t.
18
OILY WATER SEPARATOR
1. GENERAL
Bilge oily water separators
(MARPOL Reg. I/16) use a variety of
different methods to remove the oil from
the water so that it can be pumped
overboard, but they all rely on two
fundamental principles: the tendency of
oil to “coalesce”, that is to say droplets
of oil are mutually attracted, and the
lower density of oil with respect to either
fresh or salt water (hence oil will float
on water).
For vessels with 400<GT<9999, the
minimum required equipment consists
of a filtering unit (Fig. 1), which reduces
the oil content of the bilge water to
below 15 ppm. The filter unit draws the
oily-water mixture either direct from the
bilge or from a holding tank by means of
a positive displacement pump. The filter
unit discharges the separated
(“coalesced”) oil into the sludge tanks
and the clean water goes overboard.
The oil sludge collected in the sludge
tank may be pumped ashore when the
vessel is in port via the standard
discharge connection or, if the ship is
fitted with an incinerator, it can be
burnt.
For vessels with GT>10000, the
arrangement is essentially the same. In
addition, the system must incorporate an
oil content meter, with a 15 ppm
alarm, and an automatic stopping
device (Fig. 2).
H×nh2/Fig.2

1. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
- KiÓm tra thiÕt bÞ ph©n ly dÇu n íc lµ
kiÓu ® îc phª duyÖt.
- KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t thiÕt bÞ ph©n ly
dÇu n íc (sù s¹ch sÏ, vá ngoµi,
® êng èng th¶i, ...).
- Thö ho¹t ®éng thiÕt bÞ ph©n ly dÇu
n íc vµ kiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng ho¹t ®éng
cña c¸c van vµ ®ång hå ®o.
- Thö ho¹t ®éng cña b¸o ®éng vµ thiÕt
bÞ ng¾t tù tù ®éng (nÕu cã) b»ng c¸ch
gi¶ cho hµm l îng dÇu v ît 15 ppm.
- KiÓm tra l îng dÇu cÆn vµ l îng
n íc lÉn dÇu hiÖn cã trong c¸c kÐt cã
phï hîp víi NhËt ký dÇu.
- KiÓm tra NhËt ký dÇu: ® îc ghi chÐp
®Çy ®ñ. §Æc biÖt quan t©m ®Õn m·
(ch÷ c¸i) vµ kho¶n (ch÷ sè) ® îc ® a
vµo ghi trong phÇn I cña nhËt ký dÇu.
***
19
The water effluent passes through a
sampling apparatus, which measures the
ppm of oil in the water.
If the ppm of oil rises to 15 or more, the
alarm sounds and the system shuts off
automatically.
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
- Verify that the oily water separator is
type approved or EC marked
(wheelmark), as applicable.
- Visually inspect the oily water
separator (cleanliness, outer casing,
discharge piping, etc).
- Run a test of the oily water separator
and check the operating condition of
valves and pressure gauges.
- Working test of the alarm and
automatic stopping device (where fitted)
through simulation of oil content in
excess of 15 ppm.
- Check that the present quantity of
sludge and oily water in tanks is
consistent with the amount indicated in
the Oil Record Book
- Check that the Oil Record Book is
correctly filled in. Particular attention is
to be paid to the code (letter) and item
(number) to be included in the Table of
Part I.
***

KÐt dÇu cÆn (® êng
th¶i ra ngoµi sai qui ®Þnh)
1.giíi thiÖu chung
TÊt c¶ c¸c tµu cã GT b»ng hoÆc lín h¬n
400 ph¶i cã kÐt hoÆc c¸c kÐt víi dung
tÝch thÝch hîp ®Ó chøa dÇu cÆn
(MARPOL Reg. I/17) th¶i ra tõ c¸c
thiÕt bÞ läc dÇu ®èt hoÆc dÇu b«i tr¬n vµ
tõ thiÕt bÞ ph©n ly n íc la canh buång
m¸y. Dung tÝch thÝch hîp cña kÐt ® îc
tÝnh theo kiÓu ®éng c¬, lo¹i nhiªn liÖu vµ
chiÒu dµi tuyÕn hµnh tr×nh.
PhÇn lín c¸c tµu gi÷ dÇu cÆn trong kÐt
vµ th¶i ra qua bÝch th¶i tiªu chuÈn
(MARPOL Reg.I/19) tíi thiÕt bÞ tiÕp
nhËn trªn bê. KÝch th íc cña kÐt dÇu cÆn
cã thÓ ® îc gi¶m nÕu tµu ® îc trang bÞ
thiÕt bÞ ®èt dÇu cÆn.
2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
KiÓm tra bªn ngoµi cña kÐt dÇu cÆn vµ
t×nh tr¹ng chung cña ® êng èng liªn
quan vµ, nÕu cã thÓ, thö ho¹t ®éng b¬m
dÇu cÆn.
NÕu kh«ng cã b¬m dÇu cÆn riªng biÖt vµ
b¬m hót kh« ® îc dïng ®Ó b¬m dÇu cÆn
lªn bê, kiÓm tra hÖ thèng ® êng èng ®Ó
®¶m b¶o kh«ng cã kh¶ n¨ng dÇu cÆn
® îc th¶i trùc tiÕp ra ngoµi m¹n.
Hai kiÓu hÖ thèng th¶i dÇu cÆn qua m¹n
tµu sai qui ®Þnh th êng gÆp ph¶i ® îc
nªu ë H×nh 1 vµ H×nh 2.
H×nh1/Fig.1
***
20
SLUDGE TANK (ILLEGAL
OVERBOARD CONNECTIONS)
1. GENERAL
Every ship of 400 GT and above must
have a tank or tanks of adequate
capacity for the sludge (MARPOL
Reg.I/17) generated by the fuel or
lubricating oil purifiers and the engine
room bilge separator. The required
capacity of the tank is calculated
according to the type of machinery, the
fuel used and the likely length of any
voyage.
Most ships retain the sludge in the tanks
and discharge it via the standard
discharge connection (MARPOL
Reg.I/19) to reception facilities ashore.
The size of the sludge tank can be
reduced if the ship is fitted with a sludge
incinerator, for burning the sludge.
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
Check the external boundaries of the
sludge tank and the general condition of
the associated piping and, if possible,
make a running test of the sludge pump.
If there is no dedicated sludge pump on
board and a bilge pump is used for
pumping sludge ashore, check the piping
arrangement to ensure that there is no
possibility of a direct overboard
discharge of sludge.
Two typical illegal arrangements
providing direct sludge connection
overboard found during port State
control inspections are shown in Fig. 1
and Fig. 2.
H×nh2/Fig.2

xuång cøu sinh
1. giíi thiÖu chung
Xuång cøu sinh (SOLAS reg. III/31.1
vµ LSA Code) cã thÓ lµ:
- Xuång hë: cã ®éng c¬ hoÆc chÌo
(H×nh 1)
- Xuång kÝn mét phÇn: cã ®éng c¬
(H×nh 2)
- Xuång kÝn hoµn toµn: cã ®éng c¬.
Còng cã thÓ lµ lo¹i chèng ch¸y (H×nh
3 vµ H×nh 4).
H×nh1/Fig.1
H×nh2/Fig.2
VËt liÖu kÕt cÊu xuång cã thÓ lµ:
- gç;
- chÊt dÎo cèt sîi thñy tinh (GRP).
Xuång GRP th êng cã kÕt cÊu vá
®¬n, trõ mét sè xuång r¬i tù do cì
lín cã kÕt cÊu 2 líp GRP ® îc ph©n
c¸ch b»ng 1 líp lâi bät hoÆc gç balsa;
- thÐp hoÆc nh«m.
2. Vá
2.1 T×nh tr¹ng kÕt cÊu
21
LIFEBOATS
1. GENERAL
Lifeboats (SOLAS Reg. III/31.1 and
LSA Code) may
be:
- Open boats: motor or oar propelled
(Fig. 1)
- Partially enclosed boats: motor
propelled (Fig. 2)
- Totally enclosed boats: motor
propelled. They may also be fire
protected (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4)
H×nh3/Fig.3
H×nh4/Fig.4
The construction material for the
lifeboats may be:
- wood;
- glass reinforced plastic (GRP). GRP
boats are normally made of single skin
construction, with the exception of some
of the larger sizes of free-fall boats,
which may use "sandwich" construction,
i.e. 2 smaller layers of GRP separated by
a core of foam or balsa wood;
- steel or aluminium.
2. HULL
2.1 Structural condition of the hull

KiÓm tra kÕt cÊu, phÝa trong vµ phÝa
ngoµi, kh«ng bÞ h h¹i hoÆc xuèng cÊp.
NÕu cã h h¹i ph¶i söa ch÷a ngay.
2.2 Mãc
Mét khu vùc th êng bÞ bá sãt khi b¶o
d ìng lµ liªn kÕt gi÷a xuång vµ vßng
hay mãc dïng ®Ó nèi xuång vµ c¸p. Liªn
kÕt nµy th êng ® îc lµm b»ng thÐp vµ
th êng ® îc ® îc b¾t bu l«ng víi khu
vùc ® îc gia c êng cña sèng xuång, t¹i
vïng khã kiÓm tra (H×nh 5 vµ 6). KiÓm
tra kü l ìng t×nh tr¹ng liªn kÕt vµ yªu
cÇu söa ch÷a ngay nÕu ph¸t hiÖn t×nh
tr¹ng kÐm.
H×nh5/Fig.5
2.3 C¬ cÊu nh¶
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng b¶o d ìng cña c¬
cÊu nh¶, th«ng th êng bao gåm mét tay
nh¶ ë gÇn vÞ trÝ ®iÒu khiÓn, ® îc kÕt hîp
víi khãa an toµn ®Ó ng¨n ngõa viÖc nh¶
bÊt ngê.
Khi thùc tËp rêi tµu theo yªu cÇu cña
SOLAS, xuång ph¶i ® îc h¹ xuèng n íc
(tèi thiÓu 3 th¸ng 1 lÇn ®èi víi xuång h¹
b»ng cÇn), xuång ph¶i ® îc th¸o khái
mãc vµ ®iÒu ®éng trªn mÆt n íc.
2.4 Van x¶
Khi kiÓm tra th©n vá, cÇn kiÓm tra van
x¶ tù ®éng cã thÓ dÔ dµng x¶ n íc khái
xuång khi xuång kh«ng ë trong n íc vµ
22
Check that the structure, inboard and
outboard, has not suffered any damage
or deterioration. If damage has occurred,
immediate repair is to be requested.
2.2 Hooks
One particular area often neglected
during
maintenance is the connection between
the keel and the eyes or hooks, which
attach the boat to the falls. These
connections are often made of steel and
are usually bolted to a reinforced area of
the keel, in a difficult area to inspect
(Figs. 5 and 6). Thoroughly check the
condition of the connections and ask for
immediate repair if they are found in
bad condition.
H×nh6/Fig.6
2.3 Release mechanism
Check the maintenance condition of the
release mechanism, usually consisting of
a single release lever, located near the
helm position, which incorporates a
"safety-catch" to prevent accidental
release.
On the occasion of abandon ship drills
requested by SOLAS during which
lifeboats are to be lowered to the water
(at least once every three months for
davit launched lifeboats) the lifeboat is
to be released from the lifting hooks and
manoeuvred in the water.

® îc trang bÞ c¬ cÊu thÝch hîp (th êng
lµ bãng) ®Ó ng¨n n íc vµo xuång khi
xuång ë d íi n íc. KiÓm tra mçi van
® îc trang bÞ nót hoÆc mò, g¾n víi
xuång b»ng xÝch hoÆc d©y, ®Ó ®ãng kÝn
van khi xuång ë d íi n íc.
2.5 Thanh b¸m
KiÓm tra thanh b¸m phÝa d íi xuång
® îc g¾n thÝch hîp. Lo¹i b»ng gç cã
h×nh d¹ng gièng v©y nhá (H×nh 7).
Thanh b¸m còng cã thÓ lµ c¸c èng thÐp
tr¸ng kÏm cã c¸c kÑp b»ng èng hoÆc
d¹ng t ¬ng tù.
H×nh7/Fig.7
2.6 D©y b¸m
TÊt c¶ c¸c xuång ph¶i cã d©y an toµn
gåm mét d©y næi ® îc g¾n tõng ®o¹n
vµo xuång ë gÇn mÐp xuång trõ khu vùc
ch©n vÞt (H×nh 8). KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng.
2.7 B¨ng ph¶n quang
Khi kiÓm tra bªn ngoµi, KiÓm tra b¨ng
ph¶n quang ® îc g¾n vµo xuång vµ ë
t×nh tr¹ng tháa m·n (H×nh 8).
SOLAS yªu cÇu b¨ng ph¶n quang ® îc
g¾n ë c¶ 2 phÝa cña sèng ®¸y ®Ó ®Ò
phßng tr êng hîp xuång lËt, däc 2 m¹n
gÇn mÐp, trªn 2 m¹n vµ phÇn trªn cña
m¸i che, cã thÓ lµ lo¹i cøng hoÆc b¹t.
2.8 Ghi nh·n
Khi kiÓm tra bªn ngoµi, cÇn kiÓm tra
viÖc ghi nh·n. Ph¶i thÓ hiÖn:
23
2.4 Drain valves
During the hull inspection, check that
the automatic drain valves are free to
drain water out of the hull when the
lifeboat is not waterborne and are
provided with the proper device (usually
a ball) to prevent ingress of water when
the lifeboat is waterborne. Check that
each valve is provided with a cap or
plug, attached to the boat by a chain or
lanyard, to seal the valve when the
lifeboat is waterborne.
2.5 Handholds
Check that handholds on the underside
of the hull are adequately fastened. The
wooden ones look like small bilge keels
(Fig.7). They can also consist of
galvanised steel tubes, fixed at intervals
with pipe clips or similar.
H×nh8/Fig.8
2.6 Lifeline
All lifeboats should have a lifeline,
consisting of a buoyant line, fixed at
intervals around the hull near the
gunwhale, except in the area of the
propeller (Fig. 8). Check the condition.
2.7 Retro-reflective tapes
When inspecting the outside of the hull,
check that retro-reflective tapes are
fitted and in satisfactory condition (Fig.
8).

- tªn vµ c¶ng ®¨ng ký cña tµu mµ xuång
thuéc vÒ tµu ®ã, trªn mçi m¹n ë mòi
xuång.
- tªn tµu vµ sè xuång ph¶i nh×n thÊy
® îc tõ trªn cao
- kÝch th íc xuång
- sè l îng ng êi mµ xuång chë ® îc.
3. ThiÕt bÞ ®Èy vµ thiÕt bÞ l¸i
3.1 §éng c¬
H×nh9/Fig.9
§éng c¬ th«ng th êng ® îc khëi ®éng
b»ng tay, trõ lo¹i xuång kÝn hoµn toµn.
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng vá chèng ch¸y (H×nh
9).
H×nh10/Fig.10
Ph¶i thùc hiÖn c¸c h¹ng môc sau:
- khëi ®éng nhanh ®éng c¬, sö dông
riªng rÏ tõng biÖn ph¸p khëi ®éng
- kiÓm tra hép sè cã thÓ vËn hµnh tiÕn vµ
lïi (H×nh 10)
- kiÓm tra nhiªn liÖu, dÇu b«i tr¬n vµ sù
rß khÝ x¶.
24
SOLAS requires reflective tapes to be
fixed either side of the keel on the
bottom, just in case it floats upside
down, along the side, close to the
gunwhale, on both sides and on the
upper sides of the canopy, which may be
either rigid or canvas.
2.8 Marking
When inspecting the outside of the hull,
check the markings of the boat. The
markings should show:
- name and port of registry of the ship to
which the lifeboat belongs on each side
of the lifeboat’s bow
- name of the ship and number of the
lifeboat to be visible from above
- dimensions of the boat.
- maximum number of persons
accommodated.
3. PROPULSION AND STEERING
3.1 Engine
The engines are usually hand started,
except in totally enclosed lifeboats.
Check the condition of the fire-retardant
casing(Fig.9).
The following checks are to be carried
out:
- Prompt starting of the engine using
separately every means of starting
- Verify that the gearbox operates ahead
and astern (Fig. 10).
H×nh11/Fig.11

- kiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng kÐt nhiªn liÖu.
3.2 ThiÕt bÞ l¸i
C¬ cÊu l¸i cã thÓ gåm mét b¸nh l¸i ®¬n
gi¶n vµ cÇn l¸i (xuång hë) hoÆc lµ mét
hÖ thèng víi v« l¨ng (xuång kÝn). Víi c¶
2 lo¹i, kiÓm tra b¸nh l¸i vµ c¸c chèt
(H×nh 11). §èi víi lo¹i xuång kÝn, thö
hÖ thèng l¸i vµ ®¶m b¶o trªn xuång cã
cÇn l¸i sù cè.
3.3 Ch©n vÞt vµ èng ®u«i
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng ch©n vÞt vµ khe hë
b¹c èng ®u«i.
4. ThiÕt bÞ vµ c¸c vËt dông
4.1 Trang bÞ thiÕt bÞ
§¶m b¶o cã B¶n ghi trang bÞ an toµn ®Ó
tra cøu, kiÓm tra c¸c thiÕt bÞ ® îc yªu
cÇu cho xuång vµ x¸c nhËn chóng cã
trªn xuång vµ cßn tèt.
4.2 B¬m hót kh«
Thö b¬m hót kh« tay, cã thÓ lµ cè ®Þnh
hoÆc x¸ch tay (H×nh 12).
H×nh12/Fig.12
4.3 M¸i che b»ng b¹t
Trªn xuång hë, ng êi trªn xuång ® îc
b¶o vÖ khái t¸c ®éng cña m«i tr êng
b»ng mét m¸i che b¹t, ® îc ®ì b»ng c¸c
25
- Verify the absence of fuel,
lubricating oil and exhaust gas leaks.
- Check the condition of the fuel tank.
3.2 Steering gear
The steering mechanism may consist
either of a simple rudder and tiller
arrangement (open boat) or a system
with a wheel (enclosed boat). For both
types, check the rudder and the pintles
(Fig. 11).
For the latter, test the steering and make
sure that the emergency tiller is on
board.
3.3 Propeller and stern tube
Check the condition of the propeller and
clearance of the stern tube bush.
4. EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY
4.1 Equipment inventory
Ensure that the Record of Safety
Equipment is readily available for
consultation, check the required lifeboat
For the latter, test the steering and make
sure that the emergency tiller is on
board.
3.3 Propeller and stern tube
Check the condition of the propeller and
clearance of the stern tube bush.
4. EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY
4.1 Equipment inventory
Ensure that the Record of Safety
Equipment is readily available for
consultation, check the required lifeboat
equipment and verify that it is all in
place and valid
4.2 Bilge pump
Test the hand operated bilge pump,
which. May either be fixed in the boat or
portable (Fig. 12).
4.3 Canvas cover
In open lifeboats, the occupants are
protected from the elements by a canvas
cover, supported by a structure of steel.

kÕt cÊu èng thÐp. KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng
m¸i che vµ c¸c èng thÐp.
4.4 Sèng/tÊm b¶o vÖ
KiÓm tra sèng hoÆc tÊm b¶o vÖ ®Ó ng¨n
h h¹i khi h¹ vµ kÐo xuång ® îc l¾p
®óng vµ ë t×nh tr¹ng tháa m·n.
5. Ghi chÐp thùc tËp, kiÓm tra vµ
b¶o d ìng trªn tµu
§¶m b¶o c¸c cuéc thùc tËp rêi tµu, thùc
tËp cøu sinh vµ huÊn luyÖn trªn tµu ® îc
ghi chÐp ®óng trong nhËt ký.
§¶m b¶o b¸o c¸o cña c¸c ®ît kiÓm tra
hµng th¸ng trang bÞ cøu sinh nãi trªn
® îc ghi chÐp trong nhËt ký.
***
26
tubes. Check the condition of the
canopy and its supports.
4.4 Skates/fenders
Check that skates or fenders fitted to
prevent damage during launching and
recovery are fitted properly and in
satisfactory working order.
5. RECORDING OF DRILLS, ON-BOARD
INSPECTIONS AND MAINTENANCE
Ensure that abandon ship drills, drills of
life-saving appliances and on-board
training are properly recorded in the log-
book.
Ensure that the reports of the prescribed
monthly inspections of life-saving
***

BÌ cøu sinh
1. giíi thiÖu chung
BÌ cøu sinh (SOLAS Reg.III/31 vµ Bé
luËt LSA) cã thÓ ph©n thµnh 2 lo¹i
chÝnh: cøng vµ b¬m h¬i. Lo¹i cøng hiÖn
nay rÊt hiÕm dïng. C¶ 2 lo¹i ®Òu cã thÓ
h¹ b»ng tay hoÆc b»ng cÇn.
C¸c tµu cã mòi hoÆc ®u«i c¸ch ph ¬ng
tiÖn cøu sinh, xuång vµ bÌ, qu¸ 100 mÐt
ph¶i trang bÞ mét bÌ bæ sung cho 6
ng êi, ë phÝa tr íc hoÆc sau theo yªu
cÇu nÕu cã thuyÒn viªn lµm viÖc ë khu
vùc ®ã.
Trõ bÌ bæ sung cho 6 ng êi nªu trªn,
nÕu cã, tÊt c¶ c¸c bÌ ®Òu ph¶i cã thiÕt bÞ
nh¶ thñy tÜnh (SOLAS Reg.III/13),
ho¹t ®éng tù ®éng khi tµu ch×m (H1).
H×nh1/Fig.1
BÌ b¬m h¬i vµ thiÕt bÞ nh¶ thñy tÜnh ph¶i
® îc b¶o d ìng 12 th¸ng 1 lÇn bëi 1
tr¹m b¶o d ìng ® îc c«ng nhËn. ThiÕt
H×nh2/Fig.2
27
LIFERAFTS
1. GENERAL
Liferafts (SOLAS Reg. III/31.1 and
LSA Code) can be subdivided into two
basic types, i.e. rigid and inflatable.
The rigid type is very rare nowadays.
Both rigid and inflatable liferafts are
either manually or davit launched.
Ships, where the bow or stern is more
than 100 metres from the survival craft,
lifeboats and liferafts, must carry an
additional 6-man liferaft, forward or aft
as required, in case there are crew
working in that area.
With the exception of the additional 6-
man liferaft, if fitted, all liferafts must
be secured with a hydrostatic release
unit (SOLAS Reg. III/13) that will
automatically release if the ship sinks
(Fig. 1).
Inflatable liferafts and hydrostatic
release units must be serviced every 12
months by a servicing station approved
in compliance with the “RINA Rules for
the certification of Service Suppliers”.
Disposable hydrostatic release units in
lieu of servicing are to be replaced every
2 years (Fig.2).
2. CHECKS AND TESTS
- Check the validity of the certificates
issued by the last approved servicing
station (SOLAS Reg.III/20.8.1).
H×nh3/Fig.3

bÞ nh¶ thñy tÜnh lo¹i dïng 1 lÇn ph¶i
® îc thay sau 2 n¨m (H×nh 2).2. KIÓm
TRA Vµ THö
- KiÓm tra hiÖu lùc cña giÊy chøng nhËn
do tr¹m b¶o d ìng ® îc c«ng nhËn lÇn
cuèi cÊp. (SOLAS Reg.III/20.8.1).
- KiÓm tra t×nh trang chung cña hép
®ùng (H×nh 3), ®Æc biÖt lµ khu vùc hép t×
vµo gi¸ ®ì.
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng cÊt gi÷ vµ ch»ng
buéc (H×nh 4)
H×nh4/Fig.4
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng vµ liªn kÕt cña c¬
cÊu nh¶ thñy tÜnh.
- KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng vµ liªn kÕt cña mãc
tr ît (H×nh 5).
- KiÓm tra d©y buéc bÌ cøu sinh ® îc
g¾n víi tµu b»ng mét m¾t yÕu (H×nh 5)
- KiÓm tra bÌ næi kh«ng bÞ c¶n trë khi
tµu ch×m.
***
28
- Check the general condition of the
containers (Fig. 3), particularly in the
area where the containers lean on the
supports.
- Check the condition of the stowage and
securing arrangements (Fig. 4)
- Check the condition and connection of
the hydrostatic release unit.
- Check the condition and connection of
the slip hook (Fig. 5).
- Check that the liferaft painter is
attached to the ship by means of a weak
link (Fig. 5).
- Check that nothing prevents the liferaft
from floating free if the ship sinks.
H×nh5/Fig.5
***
 29
ThiÕt bÞ h¹ LAUNCHING APPLIANCES
1. giíi thiÖu chung 1. GENERAL
HÖ thèng h¹ ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh (bé Launching arrangements for survival
luËt LSA) cã thÓ lµ: craft (LSA Code)
- hÖ thèng cÇn ®«i cho xuång h¹ tõ m¹n may be:
(H×nh 1). - twin davit systems for side launched
lifeboats (Fig. 1).
- single davit systems for rescue boats or
davit launched liferafts (Fig. 2).
- the "structure" required for launching a
free-fall lifeboat.
The primary requirement of all these
systems is to provide a safe means of
launching the survival craft in all
conditions; the secondary requirement is
to provide a means of recovery, when
they are used for drills.
H×nh1/Fig.1 2. CHECKS AND TESTS
2.1 Davit structure and foundations
- HÖ thèng cÇn ®¬n cho xuång cÊp cøu Check the davit structure, its
hoÆc bÌ cøu sinh h¹ b»ng cÇn (H×nh 2) foundations, the arms (Fig. 3), the
mechanism to move the boat outboard
from the stowage position (Fig. 4):
visual examination, hammer testing and,
if deemed necessary, ultrasonic gauging.

H×nh2/Fig.2
- KÕt cÊu yªu cÇu cho xuång h¹ r¬i tù
do.
Yªu cÇu chÝnh ®èi víi tÊt c¶ c¸c hÖ
thèng nµy lµ ph¶i ®¶m b¶o viÖc h¹ an H×nh3/Fig.3
toµn cho ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh trong mäi
®iÒu kiÖn; yªu cÇu thø hai lµ viÖc thu håi Particular attention is to be paid to the
ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh, khi chóng ® îc area of the davit behind the sheaves
dïng cho môc ®Ých thùc tËp. (Fig. 5).
2.2 Sheaves
2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö
Check that the sheaves are well-
2.1 KÕt cÊu vµ ch©n cÇn maintained,
KiÓm tra kÕt cÊu cÇn, ch©n cña cÇn, tay greased, free to rotate (Fig. 6) and not
worn.
2.3 Falls
 30
(H×nh 3), c¬ cÊu ® a xuång tõ vÞ trÝ cÊt
gi÷ ra ngoµi m¹n (H×nh 4): kiÓm tra
b»ng m¾t, b»ng bóa vµ, nÕu cÇn, siªu
©m.
CÇn quan t©m ®Æc biÖt ®Õn phÇn cÇn ë
sau b¸nh r¨ng (H×nh 5).
2.2 B¹c
KiÓm tra c¸c b¸nh r¨ng b¶o d ìng tèt,
tra mì, quay dÔ dµng (H×nh 6) vµ kh«ng H×nh5/Fig.5
bÞ mßn.

H×nh4/Fig.4
2.3 C¸p
C¸p cña ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh bÊt kú
ph¶i ® îc thay sau 5 n¨m, hoÆc sím h¬n
nÕu cã dÊu hiÖu xuèng cÊp, vµ ph¶i ®¶o
chiÒu sau 2,5 n¨m (30 th¸ng). Mét sè
chÝnh quyÒn cã thÓ yªu cÇu thay c¸p sau
4 n¨m hoÆc sím h¬n mµ kh«ng cÇn ®¶o
chiÒu sau 2,5 n¨m.
KiÓm tra ngµy ®¶o chiÒu/thay lÇn cuèi.
KiÓm tra c¸p ® îc b¶o d ìng tháa m·n
vµ kh«ng bÞ xuèng cÊp.
2.4 Rßng räc
§¶m b¶o c¸c rßng räc, m¾t, nèi vµ d©y
buéc ® îc b¶o d ìng ë t×nh tr¹ng tèt
(H×nh 7 vµ 8).
2.5 Têi vµ phanh
ViÖc h¹ ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh ® îc thùc
hiÖn b»ng têi (H×nh 9) vµ phanh tay
(H×nh 10) ® îc ®iÒu khiÓn tõ boong
vµ/hoÆc thö tõ trong ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu
H×nh6/Fig.6
The falls of any survival craft must be
changed at least every 5 years, or sooner
if they show signs of deterioration, and
must be turned “end for end” every 2
1/2years (30 months). Some flag states
may accept that the falls are changed at
least every 4 years or sooner, without the
need to turn them “end for end” every 2
1/2 years.
Check the date of the last
reversal/renewal.
Check that the falls are satisfactorily
maintained and without deterioration.
H×nh7/Fig.7

sinh. KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng têi vµ thö
phanh tay khi h¹.cÊp cho m« t¬ tr íc
khi tay cÇn tíi vÞ trÝ dõng nh»m tr¸nh
øng suÊt qu¸ lín xuÊt hiÖn trong c¸p
hoÆc cÇn.b»ng têi ®iÒu khiÓn b»ng tay,
nh ng c¸c hÖ thèng hiÖn ®¹i h¬n kÕt hîp
mét têi ® îc lai b»ng ®éng c¬ hoÆc ®éng
c¬ dïng khÝ nÐn. HÖ thèng ph¶i cã ng¾t
cuèi ®Ó ng¾t nguån n¨ng l îngKhi thu
håi nªn t¾t têi tr íc khi tay cÇm vÒ tíi vÞ
trÝ nghØ vµ hoµn thµnh c«ng viÖc b»ng
tay.
H×nh9/Fig9
H×nh10/Fig.10
2.7 C¸c vÊn ®Ò kh¸c
- Thang xuèng ph?¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh:
kiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng chung cña thang
(H×nh 11), liªn kÕt víi boong vµ thang
®ñ dµi tíi n íc khi tµu ë tr¹ng th¸i nhÑ
t¶i nhÊt. §Æc biÖt chó ý t×nh tr¹ng d©y
cña thang.
31
H×nh8/Fig.8
2.4 Blocks
Ensure that all blocks, padeyes, links
and
fastenings are maintained in good
condition
(Figs. 7 and 8).
2.5 Winch and brakes
The launching of davit-launched survival
craft is controlled through a winch (Fig.
9) and a manual brake (Fig. 10) operated
from the deck and/or from the survival
craft. Check the condition of the winch
and test the manual brake during the
descent.
2.6 Recovery arrangement
In addition to lowering the survival craft
the launching devices must incorporate a
means of recovery. On older ships this
may be a manually operated winch, but
more modern installations incorporate a
powered winch. The power may be
supplied either by an electric motor or
an air motor. The system must
incorporate limit switches, which cut-
off the power supply to the motor before
the davit arms reach the stops in order to
avoid overstressing falls or davits.
During recovery operations it is
advisable to stop the powered winch
before the davit arms reach their rest
position and complete the operation
manually.
Test proper working of the limit
switches.

H×nh11/Fig.11
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng b¶o d ìng vµ ho¹t
®éng cÈu chiÕu s¸ng sù cè khu vùc cÊt
gi÷ vµ h¹ ph ¬ng tiÖn cøu sinh.
KiÓm tra h íng dÉn h¹ xuång vµ bÌ,
th êng lµ ë d¹ng c¸c b¶ng g¾n gÇn vÞ trÝ
cÊt gi÷ ® îc chiÕu s¸ng b»ng c¸c ®Ìn sù
cè.
***
32
2.7 Miscellaneous
- Embarkation ladders: check the
overall condition of the ladders (Fig.
11), their connection to the deck and that
they are long enough to reach the water
when the ship is in light condition.
Particular attention is to be paid to the
condition of the ropes.
- Check the maintenance condition and
functioning of the emergency lighting
for the stowage and launching positions
of survival craft.
- Check the availability of launching
instructions for lifeboats and liferafts,
usually in the form of posters affixed
near the stowage positions and under the
emergency lighting.
***
 33
ThiÕt bÞ m¹n kh« H×nh2/Fig.2
1. giíi thiÖu chung
LOAD LINE APPLIANCES
C¸c thiÕt bÞ m¹n kh« sau cÇn ® îc xem
xÐt: 1. GENERAL
- DÊu m¹n kh« The following load line appliances are
- N¾p hÇm hµng considered:
- Load line marks
- èng th«ng h¬i - Cargo hatch covers
- Qu¹t giã - Air pipes
- Ventilators
- Lan can vµ m¹n gi¶
- Bulwarks and guardrails.
- Cöa - Doors
- èng ®o - Sounding pipes
2. LOAD LINE MARKS
2. dÊu m¹n kh« Check that the load line marks are
KiÓm tra dÊu m¹n kh« ® îc g¾n cè ®Þnh, permanently marked, duly painted and
s¬n ®óng vµ dÔ nh×n thÊy ë c¶ 2 m¹n tµu plainly visible on both sides of the ship
(H×nh 1). (Fig.1).
3. CARGO HATCH COVERS &
COAMINGS
Check the structural condition of the
covers, coamings and relevant stiffeners
v r
(corrosion, wastage or damage) (Fig. 2
and Fig. 3).

H×nh1/Fig.1
3. n¾p vµ thµnh qu©y miÖng hÇm
hµng
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng kÕt cÊu cña n¾p hÇm
hµng, thµnh qu©y vµ c¸c nÑp liªn quan
(¨n mßn, h h¹i) (H×nh 2 vµ 3).
H×nh3/Fig.3
Check the condition of compression
bars, gaskets and relevant retaining
channels (Fig. 4).
Check the condition of cleats (Fig. 5)
and cross joint wedges (all available and
well-maintained).
Test the opening/closing system. For the
hydraulic system particular attention is
to be paid to oil leakages

KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng tÊm ®Öm, ®Öm lµm
kÝn vµ c¸c r·nh gi÷ (H×nh 4).
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng c¸c cäc thao t¸c
nhanh (H×nh 5) vµ c¸c mèi hµn ch÷ thËp
(ph¶i cã ®ñ vµ b¶o d ìng tèt).
H×nh4/Fig.4
Thö hÖ thèng ®ãng/më. Víi hÖ thèng
thñy lùc cÇn ®Æc biÖt quan t©m ®Õn rß rØ
dÇu (H×nh 6).
H×nh5/ Fig.5
4. èng th«ng h¬i
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng kÕt cÊu cña èng
th«ng h¬i (mßn, h h¹i).
34
4. AIR PIPES
Check the structural condition of air
pipes (corrosion, wastage or damage).
Check the condition of closing devices
which may consist of:
- plug (rubber or wood) attached to the
pipe by chain;
- flaps with seals and dogs (Fig. 7);
- float ball type (Fig. 8 and Fig. 9). For
this type dismantling may be necessary
to check both the float ball and the
condition of the float chamber.
H×nh6/ Fig.6
H×nh7/Fig.7
Check that each air pipe is properly
labelled with the indication of the tank it
serves (Fig. 10).
Check the condition of the flame screen
(corrosion, damage, obstructions) where
required to be fitted.
5. VENTILATORS
Check the structural condition of

KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng c¬ cÊu ®ãng, bao
gåm:
- n¾p chÆn víi c¬ cÊu ®ãng kÝn vµ chèt
(h×nh 7);
- kiÓu bãng hoÆc ®Üa næi (H×nh 8 vµ 9).
35
coamings (corrosion, wastage or
damage). Check the condition of closing
devices (covers, hinges, gaskets and
dogs) (Fig. 11 and Fig. 12).

H×nh11/Fig.11
H×nh.8/Fig.8

H×nh9/Fig.9 H×nh12/ Fig.12

6. BULWARK AND GUARDRAILS
Check the structural condition of
bulwarks and relevant stanchions
(corrosion, wastage, damage) (Fig. 13).
Check the condition of guardrails
(corrosion, wastage, damage) (Fig. 14)
7. DOORS
Check the condition of doors and
relevant sills (corrosion, damage).
Check the condition of gaskets and
relevant retaining channels. Check the
condition of closing devices (toggles,
dogs, hinges), all available and well-
lubricated (Fig. 15).
H×nh10/Fig.10
 36
Cã thÓ cÇn ph¶i th¸o ra ®Ó kiÓm tra bãng
hoÆc ®Üa næi.
KiÓm tra mçi èng th«ng h¬i ® îc ®¸nh
dÊu ®óng cïng víi tªn kÐt mµ nè phôc
vô (H×nh 10).
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng l íi chÆn löa (mßn,
h h¹i, kÑt) nÕu yªu cÇu ph¶i trang bÞ
(®èi víi kÐt dÇu)
5. qu¹t giã
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng kÕt cÊu cña thµnh H×nh14/Fig.14
qu©y (mßn, h h¹i). KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng
cña c¬ cÊu ®ãng (n¾p, b¶n lÒ, ®Öm vµ 8. SOUNDING PIPES
chèt) (H×nh 11 vµ 12). Sounding pipes are to be fitted with
closing devices, which consist of:
6. lan can vµ m¹n gi¶
- self-closing devices (usually operated
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng kÕt cÊu c¶u m¹n gi¶ by counterweight) for sounding pipes
vµ c¸c cét chèng (mßn, h h¹i) (H×nh located in the engine room (Fig. 16);
13). and
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng lan can (mßn, h
h¹i) (H×nh 14).
7. cöa
KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng c¸c cöa vµ ng ìng
cöa (mßn, h h¹i).
kiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng ®Öm kÝn vµ c¸c r·nh
tr ît. KiÓm tra t×nh tr¹ng c¬ cÊu ®ãng
(then, b¶n lÒ, chèt) ph¶i cã ®ñ vµ ® îc
b«i tr¬n tèt (H×nh 15).
8. èng ®o
H×nh15/Fig.15

H×nh13/Fig.13
H×nh16/Fig.16
 37
èng ®o ph¶i cã c¬ cÊu ®ãng, bao gåm: - threaded plug for sounding pipes
outside the engine room.
- c¬ cÊu tù ®ãng (th êng ho¹t ®éng nhê
®èi träng) cho èng ®o trong buång m¸y Check that self-closing devices are fitted
(H×nh 16); vµ and properly working (not seized) and
that plugs are in place.
- nót d©y víi èng ®o ngoµi buång m¸y.
***
KiÓm tra c¬ cÊu tù ®ãng ® îc trang bÞ vµ
ho¹t ®éng tèt (kh«ng kÑt) va cã nót.
***

sù s¹ch sÏ cña buång
m¸y vµ khoang m¸y l¸i.
1. giíi thiÖu chung
Khu vùc buång m¸y vµ sµn buång m¸y
(H1 vµ H2) kh«ng ® îc s¹ch sÏ theo
thanh tra C¶ng vô cã nguy c¬ ch¸y
trong mét sè tr êng hîp nghiªm träng
cã thÓ dÉn tíi viÖc l u gi÷ tµu.
H×nh1/Fig.1
2. buång m¸y
- M¸y chÝnh vµ m¸y phô; kh«ng rß rØ
nhiªn liÖu, dÇu b«i tr¬n, n íc lµm m¸t)
- Khay høng xung quanh c¸c kÐt nhiªn
liÖu; kh« vµ s¹ch
- T«n sµn; ® îc cè ®Þnh vµ kh«ng dÝnh
dÇu.
- Phô tïng vµ vËt t : s¾p ®Æt vµ cÊt gi÷
t¹i c¸c n¬i chuyªn dông.
- §¸y: kh« vµ s¹ch.
3. Buång m¸y l¸i
- Kh«ng cã dÇu bÞ rß rØ.
- Kh«ng cã sù bè trÝ bÊt hîp lý (c¸c èng,
c¸c b×nh «xy vµ acetylene v.v)
- Sµn buång m¸y kh«ng dÝnh dÇu.
***
38
CLEANLINESS OF ENGINE
ROOM AND STEERING GEAR
ROOM
1. GENERAL
Poor cleanliness of machinery spaces
and relevant bilge (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is
associated by port State control officers
to fire hazards and in some serious cases
it can lead to ship detention.
H×nh2/Fig.2
2. ENGINE ROOM
- Main & auxiliary engines: no leakage
(fuel oil, lubricating oil, cooling water).
- Drip trays around fuel oil tanks: dry
and clean.
- Floor plates: fixed in place and not
oily.
- Spare parts and consumables: rigged
and stored in dedicated spaces.
- Bilge: dry and clean.
3. STEERING GEAR ROOM
- No oil leakage.
- No improper storage (drums, oxygen
and
acetylene bottles, etc.)
- Floor not oily.
***

Ên phÈm hµng h¶i, h¶i ®å
vµ c¸c tµi liÖu kh¸c
1. Ên phÈm hµng h¶i
C¸c Ên phÈm hµng h¶i (H×nh1) ph¶i cho
biÕt c¸c th«ng tin hµng h¶i ®- ® îc cËp
nhËt. Theo SOLAS Reg.V20, tÊt c¶ c¸c
tµu ph¶i cã ®Çy ®ñ vµ ® îc cËp nhËt:
- h¶i ®å
- h íng dÉn hµng h¶i
- danh môc ®Ìn biÓn
- th«ng b¸o cho ng êi ®i biÓn
- b¶ng thñy triÒu
vµ c¸c Ên phÈm hµng h¶i cÇn thiÕt kh¸c
cho chuyÕn ®i, nh danh môc c¸c ®µi v«
tuyÕn ®iÖn, lÞch thiªn v¨n hµng h¶i.
§¶m b¶o r»ng c¸c Ên phÈm hµng h¶i cÇn
thiÕt/yªu cÇu cã trªn tµu ph¶i ®ñ cho
hµnh tr×nh ® îc cËp nhËt vµ/trang bÞ míi
phï hîp.
H×nh1/Fig.1
2. H¶i ®å
Theo SOLAS Reg V/20, tÊt c¶ c¸c tµu
ph¶i cã h¶i ®å cÇn thiÕt ® îc cËp nhËt
cho hµnh tr×nh (H×nh 2)
C¸c söa ®æi trong "th«ng b¸o cho ng êi
®i biÓn" ® îc xuÊt b¶n ®Þnh kú (H×nh 3)
"Danh môc th«ng b¸o cho ng êi ®i biÓn"
® îc xuÊt b¶n hµng n¨m, kÌm theo mçi
h¶i ®å lµ ngµy ph¸t hµnh vµ thø tù c¸c bæ
sung söa ®æi (H×nh 4).
39
NAUTICAL
PUBLICATIONS,CHARTS
AND OTHER DOCUMENTATION
1. NAUTICAL PUBLICATIONS
Nautical publications (Fig.1) are
intended to provide
up-to-date navigational information.
According to
SOLAS Reg. V/20, all ships are to carry
adequate and
updated:
- charts
- sailing directions
- lists of lights
- notices to mariners
- tide tables
and all other nautical publications
necessary for the intended voyage, such
as lists of radio signals, nautical almanac
and sight reduction tables.
Ensure that the required/necessary
nautical publications carried on board
are adequate for the intended voyage
and updated/renewed as appropriate.
2. CHARTS
According to SOLAS Reg. V/20, all
ships must carry updated charts
necessary for the intended voyage
(Fig.2).
H×nh2/ Fig.2
Revisions are contained in the “Notices
to Mariners'”, published weekly (Fig.3).
A “Cumulative list of Notices to
Mariners” is published annually,
providing for each chart the relevant
date of issue and subsequent
amendments (Fig.4).

H×nh3/Fig.3
C¸c söa ch÷a b»ng tay hoÆc "d¸n" trong
"Th«ng b¸o cho ng êi ®i biÓn"
TiÕn hµnh thÈm tra c¸c tµi liÖu sau ®©y:
- kiÓm tra c¸c "Th«ng b¸o cho ng êi ®i
biÓn" xuÊt b¶n c¸c n¨m tr íc trªn tµu;
- kiÓm tra "Danh môc th«ng b¸o cho
ng êi ®i biÓn" trªn tµu;
- so s¸nh "Th«ng b¸o cho ng êi ®i biÓn"
vµ "Danh môc th«ng b¸o cho ng êi ®i
biÓn" ®¶m b¶o r»ng c¸c h¶i ®å ®- ® îc
cËp nhËt th êng xuyªn chÝnh x¸c vµ
trang bÞ khi Ên phÈm míi ban hµnh.
3. tµi liÖu kh¸c
C¸c tµi liÖu sau ®©y (giÊy chøng nhËn,
sæ tay, sæ nhËt ký v.v.) lu«n ® îc cÊt gi÷
vµ s½n sµng cho c¸c thanh tra C¶ng vô vµ
c¸c c¬ quan Chøc n¨ng kh¸c kiÓm tra
- GiÊy chøng nhËn cho thuyÒn viªn (vÒ
chuyªn m«n, y tÕ ...)
- NhËt ký boong, m¸y, v« tuyÕn ®iÖn v.v
- Sæ tay huÊn luyÖn cøu sinh (SOLAS
III/51), bao gåm h íng dÉn vµ th«ng
tin trang bÞ cøu sinh l¾p ®Æt trªn tµu vµ
c¸c biÖn ph¸p cøu sinh tèi u.
- H íng dÉn b¶o d íng thiÕt bÞ cøu sinh
trªn tµu (SOLAS II/52)
- B¶ng ph©n c«ng tr¸ch nhiÖm thuyÒn
viªn (SOLAS III/53)
- Biªn b¶n kiÓm tra an toµn trang thiÕt
bÞ.
40
Corrections are made by hand or
through the use of small “tracings”
provided together with the “Notices to
Mariners”.
The following verifications are to be
carried out:
- check that the “Notices to Mariners”
published the previous year are available
on board;
- check that the “Cumulative list of
Notices to Mariners” is available on
board;
- consult the “Notices to Mariners” and
the
“Cumulative list of Notices to Mariners”
to ensure that the charts have been
correctly and regularly updated or
renewed when the new edition becomes
available.
H×nh3/Fig.3
3. OTHER DOCUMENTATION
The following documentation
(certificates, manuals, booklets, etc) is
always to be kept readily available and
updated for verification by port State
control officers and other authorities (the
list is not exhaustive):
- Crew certificates (of competency,
medical, etc).
- Log book.
- Training Manual (SOLAS III/51),
containing instructions and information
on the life-saving appliances provided in
the ship and on the best methods of
survival.
- SOPEP (Marpol I/26) ®Æc biÖt l u ý tíi

danh s¸ch nhµ chøc tr¸ch hoÆc c¸ nh©n
® îc lªn tµu trong tr êng hîp x¶y ra tai
n¹n (ph¶i ® îc cËp nhËt th êng xuyªn).
- Sæ tay huÊn luyÖn cøu háa
- Danh môc b¶o d ìng trang bÞ cøu háa
- Sæ tay h íng dÉn khai th¸c chèng ch¸y
næ
- GiÊy chøng nhËn B¶o hiÓm (th©n vµ
m¸y tµu, P&I).
***
41
- Instructions for on-board
maintenance of life-saving appliances
(SOLAS III/52).
- Muster list (SOLAS III/53).
- Record of Safety Equipment.
- Class and statutory certificates.
- SOPE Plan (MARPOL I/26):
particular attention is to be paid to the
list of authorities or persons to be
contacted in case of accident (to be kept
continuously updated).
- Fire training manual
- Fire maitainance plan
- Fire safety operational booklet
- Insurance certificates (hull &
machinery, P&I).
***