Alliteration

when a series of words in a row (or close to a row) have the same first
consonant sound

"She sells sea-shells down by the sea-shore"

Metaphor
Figure of speech that makes a comparison between two things that are
basically dissimilar.

The classroom was a zoo

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Simile
comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to
make a description more vivid.(like, as, than)

as brave as a lion

Personification
human qualities are given to animals, objects or ideas.Represents a non-
human thing as if it were human.

The fire swallowed the entire fores

Assonance
when two or more words close to one another repeat the same vowel
sound but start with different consonant sounds.

"Men sell the wedding bells."

Consonance
repetitive sounds produced by consonants within a sentence or phrase
(often short)

maMMals naMed saM are clammy

Oxymoron
two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect

Open secret

Hyperbole
involves an exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis

Your suitcase weighs a ton!

Allusion
a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical,
cultural, literary or political significance.

Don't act like a Romeo in front of her.

Onomatopoeia
a word, which imitates the natural sounds of a thing creating

The BUZZing bee flew away

Metonymy
a word or phrase that is used to stand in for another word.

"The pen is mightier than the sword,"

The "pen" stands in for "the written word."
The "sword" stands in for "military aggression and force."

Synecdoche
You use this when you speak of a part of something but mean the whole
thing. or visa versa.

The word "suits" refers to businessmen.

calling a car "wheels" is a synecdoche because a part of a car "wheels"
stands for the whole car

Apostrophe
A writer or a speaker, using an apostrophe, detaches himself from the
reality and addresses an imaginary character in his speech.

c)"Twinkle, twinkle, little star...

Rhyme

repetition of similar sounding words occurring at the end of lines

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,

Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.

Active voice
the subject does or "acts upon" the verb

The MAN must have EATEN 5 burgers.

the man (subject) is doing the eating (verb)

Allegory
a piece of art or literature, like a poem or story, in which people, things or
happenings have a hidden or symbolic meaning. (uses symbols to tell a
story. )

The Wizard of Oz - The lion represents cowardice.

Anecdotal evidence

non-scientific testimony, which do not provide proof but shows that

something is true, false, related, or unrelated based on isolated examples
of someone's personal experience.

anecdote
a short story, usually serving to make the listeners laugh or ponder over a
topic.
animal rescue team tells stories to an audience about the many
successful rehoming situations

archaic language
words are no longer in everyday use or have lost a particular meaning in
current usage

abroad-out of doors

ballad
a poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas.
Tell a Story Use Imagery Put to Music

ballad stanza
four-line stanza consisting of unrhymed first and third lines in iambic
tetrameter and rhymed second and fourth lines in iambic trimeter, often
used in ballads.

blank verse
a poem with no rhyme but has iambic pentameter. (consists of lines of five
feet, two syllables long, 1 unstressed\stressed syllable.

Something there is that doesn't love a wall.

That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it,
And spills the upper boulders in the sun;

cacophony
use of words with sharp, harsh, hissing and unmelodious sounds primarily
those of consonants

sharp consonants such as t, k, d, and g

because cause

colloquial language-colloquialism
a variety of language commonly employed in conversation or other
communication in informal situations.influenced by the way people speak
in that society-----slang

what's up-y'all

connotation
talking about the implied subtext of words rather than their literal meaning
(an idea that is implied or suggested)

represents the various social overtones, cultural implications, or emotional

meanings associated with a sign.

connotation of red rose is a symbol for love.

couplet
usually comprise two lines that rhyme and have the same metre.

You say today is...Saturday?/G'bye, I'm going out to play!

denotation
the literal meaning of a word, the 'dictionary definition.'

rose is the denotation of a flower.

denouement
resolution of the issue of a complicated plot in fiction
diction
style of speaking or writing determined by the choice of words by a
speaker or a writer.

using 'thy', 'thee' and 'wherefore' to imbue a Shakespearean mood to their

work.

didactic
type of literature that is written to inform or instruct the reader, especially
in moral or political lessons.
dissonance
A disruption of harmonic sounds or rhythms. Like cacophony, it refers to a
harsh collection of sounds; dissonance is usually intentional, however,
and depends more on the organization of sound for a jarring effect, rather
than on the unpleasantness of individual words.

elegy
a sad poem, usually written to praise and express sorrow for someone
who is dead.

epilogue
a section or speech at the end of a book or play that serves as a comment
on or a conclusion to what has happened.

epigram
a brief, clever, and memorable statement. Some of them are formulated
with satirical purposes in mind, and others are purposely meant to be
confusing.-used in poetry

"Both robb'd of air, we both lie in one ground

Both whom one fire had burnt, one water drown'd."

epitaph
a phrase or statement written in memory of a person who has died,
especially on a tombstone.

euphemism
used in place of words or phrases that otherwise might be considered
harsh or unpleasant to hear.

Passed away instead of died

euphony
the quality of being pleasant to listen to.
Euphonious sounds include all the vowels, as well as the consonants m,
n, l, and r,
Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
sweet rhyme scheme of AABB

exposition
a literary device used to introduce background information about events,
settings, characters etc. to the audience or readers.

a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory.

idiom
a group of words whose meaning is figurative and different from the actual
words of the expression.

all ears
as easy as pie
at the drop of a hat

irony
the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies
the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.

A man who is a traffic cop gets his license suspended for unpaid parking
tickets.

Dramatic Irony
when the audience or reader of a text knows something that the
characters do not

jargon
type of language that is used in a particular context and may not be well
understood outside of it.

used in business. Bang for the buck

juxtaposition
literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters and their
actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem for the purpose of
developing comparisons and contrasts.
Beauty and ugliness
omniscient point of view
all seeing point of view

paradox
a statement that apparently contradicts itself and yet might be true (or
wrong at the same time)

You can save money by spending it.

I'm nobody.

parallelism
use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or
similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter

Easy come, easy go.

Whether in class, at work or at home, Shasta was always busy.

pathos
a feeling of sympathy or sorrow that that affects emotions or feelings.
Pathos can be expressed with words, pictures, or sensory details.

Empathizing with a friend who lost a family member

refrain
phrase, line, or group of lines repeated at intervals throughout a poem,
generally at the end of the stanza
line that is repeated

The art of losing isn't hard to master;

so many things seem filled with the intent
to be lost that their loss is no disaster...

Lose something every day. Accept the fluster

of lost door keys, the hour badly spent.
The art of losing isn't hard to master
though it may look like (Write it!) like disaster
quatrain
Quatrain is a poem consisting of four lines of verse with a specific rhyming
scheme.

The worried efforts of the busy heap,

The dirt, the imprecision, and the beer
Produce a few smart wisecracks every year;
Laugh if you can, but you will have to leap.
adbc

satire
show foolishness or vice in humans, organizations, or even governments -
it uses sarcasm, ridicule, or irony.
satire is often used to effect political or social change, or to prevent it.

sestet
sestet is the name given to the second division of an Italian sonnet (as
opposed to an English or Spenserian Sonnet), which must consist of an
octave, of eight lines, succeeded by a sestet, of six lines.

soliloquy
Soliloquy is used in drama, and it is a speech spoken by a character to
reveal his or her inner thoughts. Essentially, the character speaks to him
or herself-regardless of whether others are on stage or not.

sonnet
A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme
stanza
a group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem; a
verse.a division of four or more lines having a fixed length, meter or
rhyming scheme.

a break between lines of poetry (like a paragraph)

formal
cliche
a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.

time will tell

proverb
a brief, simple and popular saying, or a phrase that gives advice and
effectively embodies a commonplace truth based on practical experience
or common sense.

All that glitters is not gold.

internal rhyme
a rhyme that happens within a single line of poetry.

"While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,

extended metaphor
a comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a
series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem. It is often
comprised of more than one sentence and sometimes consists of a full
paragraph.

free verse
does not use consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical
pattern.