TOXICOLOGY QUIZ

1. Intentional exposure to excessive amount of substance leading to self-injury or death – OVERDOSE

2. The likelihood that injury will occur in a given situation/setting - RISK

3. The study of the adverse effects of chemical, physical, or biological agents on living organisms and the ecosystem, including the
prevention and amelioration of such adverse effects. – TOXICOLOGY

4. He stated “All substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates poison from a remedy”. -
PARACELSUS

5. The specific antidote for arsenic toxicity – BAL (British anti-Lewisite)

6. Concerned primarily with the medicolegal aspects of the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and animals - FORENSIC
TOXICOLOGY

7. Concerned with identifying and understanding the cellular, biochemical, and mechanism by which chemicals exert toxic effects on
living organisms - MECHANISTIC TOXICOLOGY

8. This field deals with the chemicals/hazards found in the workplace. – OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY

9. Concerned directly with toxicity testing, which provides information for safety evaluation and regulatory requirements. –
DESCRIPTIVE TOXICOLOGY

10. Designates an area of professional emphasis in the realm of medical science that is concerned with disease caused by or uniquely
associated with toxic substances - CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

11. Genetically determined abnormal reactivity to a chemical. The response observed is usually qualitatively similar to that observed in
all individuals but may take the form of extreme sensitivity to low doses or extreme insensitivity to high doses of the chemical. –
CHEMICAL IDIOSYNCRACY

12. Alternative antibiotic class in case patient has penicillin allergy - CEPHALOSPORINS

13. Mutagens cause __________ - DELAYED TOXICITY

14. Acetaminophen + Alcohol leads to ______________ - SYNERGISTIC EFFECT (apap = acetaminophen)

15. Alcohol + Anxiolytics cause __________ - ADDITIVE EFFECT (anxiolytics = benzodiazepam)

16. Protamine sulfate + heparin type of antagonism: - CHEMICAL ANTAGONISM

17. Type of antagonism caused by activated charcoal in reversing toxicity of ingested poison?
- DISPOSITIONAL ANTAGONISM

18. Antidote for morphine toxicity.- NALOXONE

19. Measurement of relative safety of a drug - THERAPEUTIC INDEX

20. Which drug could be assumed to be the safest? - DRUG WITH TI = 1

21. Heavy metals with repeated exposure for more than 3 months is described as what type of toxicity? CHRONIC

22. Which agent is classified as an asphyxiant? CARBON MONOXIDE

23. Stimulates excessive sneezing - STERNUTATOR

24. Caustic soda will cause _________ LIQUEFACTIVE NECROSIS

25. Which has the highest and fastest risk of toxicity? - POISONS ADMINISTERED INTRAVENOUSLY

26. Refers to the process by which policy actions are chosen to control hazards. - RISK MANAGEMENT

27. The rate of diffusion of toxicant across biological membrane is most commonly:
- DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

28. The following are false, except: - C. SMALLER PS, HIGHER ABSORPTION, HIGHER TOXICITY

29. Characterized by passive movement of molecules along concentration gradient, guided by an integral membrane protein forming a
pore or channel and does not require energy - FACILITATED TRANSPORT

30. It is the hypothetical or apparent volume of body fluid needed to dissolve a given amount of xenobiotic to a concentrate equal to
that in the plasma: - VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION

31. Which of the following is not an important site of toxicant storage in the body: - MUSCLE

32. Which of the following regarding BBB is true: - THE DEGREE OF LIPID SOLUBILITY IS A PRIMARY DETERMINANT IN
WHETHER OR NOT A SUBSTANCE CAN CROSS THE BBB

33. Major plasma protein and binds acidic drugs - ALBUMIN

34. If a toxicant can cross the placenta and cause fetal disease or disorders, it is appropriately called:
- TERATOGEN

35. Main mechanisms of urinary excretion, except: - EXOCYTOSIS

36. The second major pathway for the elimination of xenobiotics - FECAL EXCRETION

37. Overdose of paracetamol will lead to: - HEPATOTOXICITY

38. Which agents exhibit neutralization? - MERCURY + DIMERCAPROL

39. Functional antagonism is also known as: - PHARMACOLOGIC ANTAGONISM

40. Why is epinephrine the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock?

- IT COUNTERACTS THE EFFECTS OF THE IMMUNOLOGIC RELEASE OF HISTAMINE BY STIMULATION OF ALPHA AND
BETA RECEPTORS

41. The use of simethicone in aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide preparations? - ANTIFLATULENT

42. This may result from a lower availability of receptors and/or mediators - DESENSITIZATION

43. Dose required or needed to achieve 50% of maximum response - POTENCY

44. The dose–response relationships in a population are by definition quantal—or “all or none”—in nature

- QUANTAL

45. Marsh test detects which poison? ARSENIC

46. Antidote for cyanide toxicity introduced by K. Chen - THIOSULFATE

47. Patients with G6PD deficiency should not take certain drugs such as sulfa antibiotics because
- IT WILL LEAD TO HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA

48. Which agent is an asthenic? - TUBOCURARINE

49. Idiosyncrasy is under which type of ADR? - TYPE B

50. Arsenic in large dose irritates the stomach causing vomiting and prompt ejection of the poison so that a few or no symptoms result.
In small dose, absorption occurs and terminates fatally.
- BOTH STATEMENTS ARE TRUE.