Rate Control Description (2008!07!30)

RAN
Rate Control Description
Issue 02
Date 2008-07-30
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

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Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

RAN
Rate Control Description Contents
Contents
1 Rate Control Change History...................................................................................................1-1

2 Rate Control Introduction ........................................................................................................2-1
3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithms...............................................................................................3-1
3.1 Initial Access Rate of AMRC/AMRC-WB....................................................................................................3-2
3.1.1 Initial Access Rate of AMRC...............................................................................................................3-2
3.1.2 Initial Access Rate of AMRC-WB .......................................................................................................3-3
3.2 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Uplink Stability ...........................................................................3-5
3.2.1 UL Measurement and Event Reporting................................................................................................3-5
3.2.2 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Action............................................................................................................3-8
3.2.3 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Signaling Procedure ....................................................................................3-10
3.3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Downlink Stability ....................................................................3-11
3.3.1 DL Measurement and Event Reporting..............................................................................................3-11
3.3.2 DL AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm....................................................................................................3-13
3.3.3 DL AMRC/AMRC-WB Signaling Procedure ....................................................................................3-15
3.4 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Basic Congestion.......................................................................3-16
3.4.1 UL AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing Based on UL Basic Congestion ...........................................3-16
3.4.2 DL AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing Based on DL Basic Congestion ...........................................3-17
3.4.3 Signaling Procedure of AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing...............................................................3-17
3.4.4 Relation Between Congestion and Rate Upsizing..............................................................................3-18
3.5 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm for TFO/TrFO ...........................................................................................3-18
3.5.1 Background Information of TFO/TrFO .............................................................................................3-18
3.5.2 Support for TFO/TrFO .......................................................................................................................3-19
3.5.3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm for TFO/TrFO ..................................................................................3-19
4 DCCC Algorithm........................................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume..................................................................................................4-1
4.1.1 Traffic Volume Measurement and Event Reporting .............................................................................4-1
4.1.2 UL Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume ..................................................................................4-4
4.1.3 DL Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume ..................................................................................4-8
4.1.4 Signaling Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume.................................................4-12
4.2 Rate Reallocation Based on Throughput .....................................................................................................4-14
4.2.1 Throughput Measurement and Event Reporting ................................................................................4-14
4.2.2 Rate Reallocation Action Based on Throughput ................................................................................4-17
Issue 02 (2008-07-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

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Contents Rate Control Description
4.2.3 Signaling Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on Throughput ......................................................4-18

4.3 Rate Reallocation Based on Link Quality ...................................................................................................4-20
4.3.1 Uplink Quality Measurement and Event Reporting ...........................................................................4-20
4.3.2 Downlink Quality Measurement and Event Reporting ......................................................................4-22
4.3.3 Rate Reallocation Action Based on Uplink Quality...........................................................................4-26
4.3.4 Rate Reallocation Action Based on Downlink Quality ......................................................................4-27
4.3.5 Signaling Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on Downlink Quality ............................................4-29
4.4 BE Rate Downsizing and Recovery Based on Basic Congestion................................................................4-30
4.4.1 UL BE Rate Downsizing and Recovery Based on UL Basic Congestion ..........................................4-30
4.4.2 DL BE Rate Downsizing and Recovery Based on DL Basic Congestion ..........................................4-32
4.4.3 Signaling Procedure of Rate Downsizing ..........................................................................................4-33
4.4.4 Rate Upsizing Failure and Penalty.....................................................................................................4-34
4.5 UE State Transition Algorithm ....................................................................................................................4-36
4.5.1 UE State Transition From CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH ..................................................................4-37
4.5.2 UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH...................................................................4-39
4.5.3 UE State Transition From CELL_PCH to URA_PCH.......................................................................4-40
4.5.4 UE State Transition From CELL_PCH or URA_PCH to CELL_FACH ...........................................4-40
4.5.5 UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH ..................................................................4-40
4.6 Always Online.............................................................................................................................................4-41
5 Link Stability Control Algorithms .........................................................................................5-1

5.1 Link Stability Control Algorithms for AMR/AMR-WB Speech Services.....................................................5-1
5.1.1 Uplink Link Stability Control Algorithm .............................................................................................5-1
5.1.2 Downlink Link Stability Control Algorithm ........................................................................................5-2
5.2 Link Stability Control Algorithms for VP Services.......................................................................................5-3
5.3 Link Stability Control Algorithms for BE Services.......................................................................................5-4
6 Rate Control Parameters ...........................................................................................................6-1

7 Rate Control Reference Documents .......................................................................................7-1
ii Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-07-30)

RAN
Rate Control Description 1 Rate Control Change History
1 Rate Control Change History
Rate Control Change History provides information on the changes between different
document versions.
Document and Product Versions
Table 1-1 Document and product versions
Document Version RAN Version RNC Version NodeB Version
02 (2008-07-30) 10.0 V200R010C01B061 V100R010C01B050

V200R010C01B041
01 (2008-05-30) 10.0 V200R010C01B051 V100R010C01B049
V200R010C01B040
Draft (2008-03-20) 10.0 V200R010C01B050 V100R010C01B045
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:

z Feature change: refers to the change in the Rate Control feature of a specific product
version.
z Editorial change: refers to the change in the information that has already been included,
or the addition of the information that was not provided in the previous version.
02(2008-07-30)
This is the document for the second commercial release of RAN10.0.
Compared with 01 (2008-05-30) of RAN10.0, issue 02 (2008-07-30) of RAN10.0
incorporates the changes described in the following table.
Change Change Description Parameter Change

Type
Feature The switch of rate reallocation based on The add parameters are listed
throughput is added. For detail, see 4.2 Rate
Issue 02 (2008-07-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

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1 Rate Control Change History Rate Control Description

Type
change Reallocation Based on Throughput. as follows:
The switch of link stability control z Wait Timer for Uplink
algorithms is added. For detail, see5 Link Rate Adjustment of Traffic
Stability Control Algorithms AMR/WAMR
z Wait Timer for Uplink
Rate Adjustment of Traffic
BE
z Conversational service T1
z Streaming service T1
z Interactive service T1
z Background service T1
z IMS signal T1
z IMS signal T2
z Be trigger time 6A1
z Be trigger time 6B1
z Be trigger time 6D
z Be trigger time of Event E
z Be trigger time of Event F
z Event F reporting power
margin
z E-DCH Throu Meas
Period
The parameters that are
changed to be
non-configurable are listed as
follows:
z Traffic Measurement
Event 4A threshold
z Traffic Measurement
Event 4B threshold
z Pending time after trigger
4A
z Pending time after trigger
4B
z Time to trigger 4A
z Time to trigger 4B
1-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-07-30)

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Type
z Direction
z Statistic Block Number for
5A Even
z Event 5A Threshold
z Interval Block Number
z DL code TX power meas
filter coef
z Event Ea relative
threshold
z Event Eb relative
threshold
z Event A threshold
The parameters modified are
listed as follows:
z Uplink Full Coverage Bit
rate is modified to Uplink
Full Coverage Bitrate.
z Downlink Full Coverage
Bit rate is modified to
Downlink Full Coverage
Bitrate.
z Uplink/Downlink mid bite
rate calculate method is
modified to
Uplink/Downlink mid bit
rate calculate method.
Editorial A parameter list is added. See 6 Rate Control None.
change Parameters.
01(2008-05-30)
This is the document for the first commercial release of RAN10.0.
Compared with draft (2008-03-20) of RAN10.0, issue 01 (2008-05-30) of RAN10.0
incorporates the changes described in the following table.

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Type
Feature None. The parameters that are changed to be

change non-configurable are listed as follows:
z Amr trigger time 6A1
z Amr trigger time 6A2
z Amr trigger time 6B1
z Amr trigger time 6B2
z Amr trigger time 6D
z Wait Timer for Uplink Rate Adjustment
of Traffic AMR
of Traffic WAMR
z DL Measurement Reporting Period
z Pending time after trigger 4A
z Pending time after trigger 4B
z E-DCH Throu Meas Period
z DCH Throu Meas Period
z Period Amount to trigger 4A on EDCH
z Period Amount after trigger 4A on
EDCH
z Period Amount to trigger 4B on EDCH
z Period Amount after trigger 4B on
EDCH
z Percent Of Ratio For 128Kbps
z Period Amount to trigger 4B on DCH
z Period Amount after trigger 4B after
DCH
z UL measurement filter coefficient
z DL measurement filter coefficient

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Type
z Be Reporting period unit for event E
z Be Event E reporting period in 10ms /
min
z Re-TX monitor period
z Re-TX measure filter coef
z Event A time to trigger
z Event A pending time after trigger
z Event F reporting power margin
z Be trigger time of Event F
z Be Reporting period unit for event F
z Be Event F reporting period in 10ms /
min
z DCCC rate up fail time threshold
z DCCC rate up fail monitor time length
z DCCC rate up fail penalty time length
z IMS signal T2
z Amr trigger time of Event E
z Amr Event E Reporting Period In 10ms
z Vp trigger time 6A1
z Vp trigger time 6B1
z Vp trigger time 6D
z Vp trigger time of Event E
z Vp Event E reporting period in 10ms
of Traffic BE
z State trans traff redund coef
The Link Stability Control None

Algorithm for BE Services is
updated.
The UE State Transition From

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Type
CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
is updated.
Editorial General documentation None
change change:
z The Rate Control Parameters
is removed because of the
creation of RAN10.0
parameter Reference.
z The structure is optimized.
Draft (2008-03-20)
This is a draft of the document for the first commercial release of RAN10.0.
Compared with issue 03 (2008-01-20) of RAN 6.1, this issue incorporates the changes
described in the following table.
Change Type Change Description Parameter Change
Feature change The AMRC/AMRC-WB The added parameters are listed as

algorithms are updated and the follows:
link stability control algorithm z First Uplink QOS Enhancement
of AMR/AMR-WB speech Action for Traffic BE
services is added, see 5.1 Link
z Second Uplink QOS Enhancement
Stability Control Algorithms
for AMR/AMR-WB Speech Action for Traffic BE
Services. z Third Uplink QOS Enhancement
Action for Traffic BE
z First Downlink QOS Enhancement
Action for Traffic BE
z Second Downlink QOS
Enhancement Action for Traffic
BE
z Third Downlink QOS
Enhancement Action for Traffic
BE
z Uplink QOS Action Trigger
Indicator of Traffic BE
z Srnc Downlink RLC QOS Action
Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE
z Wait Timer for Uplink Rate
Adjustment of Traffic AMR
z InterFreq Handover Switch based
on Uplink Traffic AMR
z InterRat Handover Switch based

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on Uplink Traffic WAMR
on Downlink Traffic AMR
on Downlink Traffic WAMR
on Uplink Traffic VP
on Downlink Traffic VP
z Measurement of 6A1 Switch
z Measurement of 5A Switch
z Measurement of 6D Switch
Throughput-based rate The added parameters are listed as
reallocation on the DCH is follows:
added and only rate z DCH Throu Meas Period
downsizing is applicable. For
z Period Amount to trigger 4B on
detailed information, see 4.2
Rate Reallocation Based on DCH
Throughput. z Period Amount after trigger 4B on
DCH
z percent of ratio for 8Kbps to
384Kbps

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Rate reallocation based on The added parameters are listed as

uplink quality is added. For follows:
detailed information, see 4.3 z UL measurement filter coefficient
Rate Reallocation Based on
Link Quality.
z Statistic Block Number for 5A
Event
z Event 5A Threshold
z Interval Block Number Value
z Srnc Downlink RLC QOS Action
Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE
z DL measurement filter coefficient
z Event Ea relative threshold
z Event Eb relative threshold
z Be Reporting period unit for event
E
z Be Event E reporting period in
10ms
z Be Event E reporting period in
min
z RL Max DL TX power
z Event A threshold
z Event A time to trigger
z Event A pending time after trigger
z re-TX monitor period
z re-TX measure filter coef
z Uplink full coverage bit rate
z Downlink full coverage bit rate
The link stability control The added parameters are listed as
algorithm has been added in follows:
Rate Control. For detailed z InterFreq Handover Switch based
information, see 5 Link on Uplink Traffic AMR
Stability Control Algorithm.
z Freq Handover Switch based on
Uplink Traffic WAMR

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z Amr trigger time of Event E
z Amr Reporting Period Unit For
Event E
z Amr Event E Reporting Period In
10ms
z Amr Event E Reporting Period In
Min
z Vp trigger time 6A1
z Vp trigger time 6B1
z Vp trigger time 6D
on Uplink Traffic VP
z Vp trigger time of Event E
z Vp Reporting Period Unit For
Event E
z Vp Event E Reporting Period In
10ms
z Vp Event E Reporting Period In
Min
on Downlink Traffic VP
Editorial The DCCC, AMRC, and None
change AMRC-WB features have
been merged into one feature
Rate Control.
"Relation Between Congestion None
and Rate Upsizing" is updated
and renamed as "Rate
Upsizing Failure and Penalty".
For detailed information, see
4.4.4 Rate Upsizing Failure
and Penalty.
Implementation information None
has been moved to a separate
document.

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Rate Control Description 2 Rate Control Introduction
2 Rate Control Introduction
Rate control triggers rate upsizing, rate downsizing, and handover for different services
according to the consumption of resources.
Rate control in the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system has two
types: rate control over Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) services and rate control over Best Effort
(BE) services. Rate control herein is described in terms of the following algorithms:
z Adaptive Multi-Rate Control (AMRC) / AMRC-WB algorithms: They are implemented
by the RNC. They dynamically adjust the transport format based on the cell load, link
power, and Iub resource utilization, so as to achieve the balance between the system load,
link stability, Iub resources, and link QoS. The UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm and
the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm work independently.
z Dynamic Channel Configuration Control (DCCC) algorithm: It is implemented by the
RNC. It controls the rate of BE services according to the traffic volume, throughput,
radio link quality, or congestion state. The UL DCCC algorithm and the DL DCCC
algorithm work independently.
z Link stability control algorithm: It is implemented by the RNC. It triggers rate
downsizing, inter-frequency handover, and inter-RAT handover to guarantee the stability
of links and QoS of services. The rate downsizing of this algorithm is the power-based
rate downsizing in AMRC/AMRC-WB and DCCC.
Impact
AMRC/AMRC-WB Impact on System Performance
z The AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm can be used to steer the UL permitted highest
AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode down according to the UE transmit power. In this
way, the UL coverage is expanded.
z The AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm can be used to steer the permitted highest
AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode down according to the downlink DPCH transmit
code power or UE transmit power. In this way, the system capacity is increased in terms
of the maximum number of UEs that the system can process.
z The AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm can be used to choose a proper AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode according to the quality of the transmission environment. In this way,
the speech quality is ensured.
DCCC Impact on System Performance
z Every time rate adjustment occurs, there is interactive signaling on the Uu and Iub
interfaces. The impact on the system performance has relations with the user profile

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2 Rate Control Introduction Rate Control Description
mode and the user traffic mode. In general, there is little impact of DCCC on the system
performance.
Link Stability Control Algorithm Impact on System Performance
z Link stability control algorithm has no impact on system performance.
Rate Control Impact on Other Features
z Rate control has no impact on other features.
Network Elements Involved

Table 2-1describes the Network Elements (NEs) involved in rate control.
Table 2-1 NEs involved in rate control
UE NodeB RNC MSC Server MGW SGSN GGSN HLR
√ √ √ – √ – – –
NOTE:
z –: not involved
z √: involved
UE = User Equipment, RNC = Radio Network Controller, MSC = Mobile Service Switching Center,
MGW = Media Gateway, SGSN = Serving GPRS Support Node, GGSN = Gateway GPRS Support
Node, HLR = Home Location Register

RAN
Rate Control Description 3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithms
3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithms
Table 3-1 describes Key terms involved in the AMRC/AMRC-WB feature.
Table 3-1 Key terms involved in the AMRC/AMRC-WB feature
Term Definition
Guaranteed bit rate The GBR is the minimum bit rate for the RNC to adjust. It is
(GBR) contained in the RAB assignment message that the CN sends to the
RNC.
The supported The set consists of all the AMR speech codec modes that can be used
AMR speech codec for the service transport. The set is decided by the RNC according to
mode set the mode set specified by the RAB assignment.
The controllable The set consists of the AMR speech codec modes that are contained
AMR speech codec in the supported AMR speech codec mode set and are equal to or
mode set larger than the GBR. The modes in this set can be selected by the
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm.
For example:
The supported AMR speech codec mode set is {NO DATA, SID, 4.75 kbit/s, 7.95 kbit/s,
12.2 kbit/s}.
Then, the controllable AMR speech codec mode set is {4.75 kbit/s, 7.95 kbit/s, 12.2 kbit/s},
if the GBR is 4.75 kbit/s.
This chapter describes two important algorithms: AMRC and AMRC-WB, the following lists
the contents of this chapter.
z Initial Access Rate of AMRC/AMRC-WB
z AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Uplink Stability
z AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Downlink Stability
z AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Basic Congestion
z AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm for TFO/TrFO

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3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithms Rate Control Description
3.1 Initial Access Rate of AMRC/AMRC-WB

3.1.1 Initial Access Rate of AMRC
Initial Access Rate of AMRC provides the definition of initial access rate, values of initial
access rate and controllable mode set in different situations.
Definition of Initial Access Rate

z For uplink, the initial access rate is not only the maximum permitted bit rate at the start
of the communication phase, but also the maximum bit rate that the UL AMRC
algorithm can select, that is, the maximum bit rate in the uplink controllable AMR
speech codec mode set (controllable mode set for short) and uplink supported AMR
speech codec mode set (supported mode set for short).
z For downlink, the initial access rate is the maximum permitted bit rate at the start of the
communication phase.
Value of Initial Access Rate

AMRC Algorithm Enabled
When the AMRC algorithm is enabled,
z If the cell load is in basic congestion, the initial access rate is the GBR in the RAB
parameters.
z If the cell load is normal, commonly, the initial access rate is the maximum rate that is in
the RAB assignment message sent from the CN and meets both the following conditions:
− Higher than or equal to the GBR in the RAB assignment message sent from the CN
− Lower than or equal to the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate that is set on the RNC
LMT
The UE-priority-oriented maximum rate refers to the Max mode of narrowband AMRC for golden
users, Max mode of narrowband AMRC for silver users, and Max mode of narrowband AMRC for
copper users parameters. For detailed information about the definitions and description of the user
priority, see “Priorities Involved in Load Control”.
If the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate is lower than the GBR in the RAB assignment message, then
the initial access rate is the GBR.
This note applies to all the initial access rates mentioned thereafter.
AMRC Algorithm Disabled

When the AMRC algorithm is disabled, the initial access rate is the maximum rate that is in
the RAB assignment message sent from the CN and meets both the following conditions:
z Higher than or equal to the GBR in the RAB assignment message sent from the CN
z Lower than or equal to the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate that is set on the RNC
LMT
In this case, all the AMR rates in the controllable mode set, a subset of the set in the RAB
assignment message, are no lower than GBR and no higher than the UE-priority-oriented
maximum rate configured on the RNC LMT.

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Controllable Mode Set

Only when AMRC algorithm is enabled, the controllable mode set is valid.
z For links in the uplink,
− If the initial access rate is the GBR in the RAB assignment message, the uplink
controllable mode set contains only one rate, that is, {GBR in the RAB assignment
message}.
− If the initial access rate is higher than the GBR in the RAB assignment message, the
uplink controllable mode set is {GBR in the RAB assignment message, initial access
rate}.
z For links in the downlink,
− In the case of Iu UP version 2, the downlink controllable mode set contains all the
rates that are included in the RAB assignment message and higher than or equal to
the GBR.
− In the case of Iu UP version 1 and code-resource-saving algorithm disabled, assume
that the maximum rate that is in the RAB assignment message sent from the CN and
meets both of the following conditions is expressed as Rmax:
a. Higher than or equal to the GBR in the RAB assignment message sent from the
CN
b. Lower than or equal to the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate that is set on the
RNC LMT
Then, if Rmax is higher than the GBR, the downlink controllable mode set is {GBR in
the RAB assignment message, Rmax}. Otherwise, the downlink controllable mode set
contains only one rate, that is {GBR in the RAB assignment message}.
z In the case of Iu UP version 1 and code-resource-saving algorithm enabled,
− If the initial access rate is the GBR in the RAB assignment message, the downlink
message}.
downlink controllable mode set is {GBR in the RAB assignment message, initial
access rate}.
The DL code-resource-saving algorithm is available for the RNC. This algorithm allows a single speech
service which has a DL maximum rate of 7.95 kbit/s or lower to use 256 as the Spreading Factor (SF)
for the downlink. When the DL code-resource-saving algorithm is disabled, SF128 is used for the
downlink.
3.1.2 Initial Access Rate of AMRC-WB

This provides the definition of initial access rate, values of initial access rate and controllable
mode set in different situations.
Definition of Initial Access Rate

z For uplink, the initial access rate is not only the maximum permitted bit rate at the start
of the communication phase, but also the maximum bit rate that the UL AMRC-WB
algorithm can select, that is, the maximum bit rate in the uplink controllable AMR-WB
speech codec mode set (controllable mode set for short) and uplink supported AMR-WB
speech codec mode set (supported mode set for short).

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z For downlink, the initial access rate is the maximum permitted bit rate at the start of the
communication phase.
Value of Initial Access Rate

AMRC-WB Algorithm Enabled
When the AMRC-WB algorithm is enabled,
z If the cell load is in basic congestion, the initial access rate is the GBR in the RAB
parameters.
z If the cell load is normal, the initial access rate is the maximum rate that is in the RAB
assignment message sent from the CN and meets both the following conditions:
− Higher than or equal to the GBR in the RAB assignment message sent from the CN
− Lower than or equal to the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate that is set on the RNC
LMT
The UE-priority-oriented maximum rate refers to the Max mode of wideband AMRC for golden users,
Max mode of wideband AMRC for silver users, and Max mode of wideband AMRC for copper
users parameters. For detailed information about the definitions and description of the user priority, see
“Priorities Involved in Load Control” in Load Control.
If the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate is lower than the GBR in the RAB assignment message, then
the initial access rate is the GBR.
This note applies to all the initial access rates mentioned thereafter.
AMRC-WB Algorithm Disabled

When the AMRC-WB algorithm is disabled, the initial access rate is the maximum rate that is
in the RAB assignment message sent from the CN and meets both the following conditions:
z Higher than or equal to the GBR in the RAB assignment message sent from the CN
z Lower than or equal to the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate that is set on the RNC
LMT
Controllable Mode Set

Only when AMRC-WB algorithm is enabled, the controllable mode set is valid.
z For links in the uplink,
− If the initial access rate is the GBR in the RAB assignment message, the uplink
message}.
uplink controllable mode set is {GBR in the RAB assignment message, initial access
rate}.
z For links in the downlink,
− In the case of Iu UP version 2, the downlink controllable mode set contains all the
rates that are included in the RAB assignment message and higher than or equal to
the GBR.
− In the case of Iu UP version 1, assume that the maximum rate that is in the RAB
assignment message sent from the CN and meets both of the following conditions is
expressed as Rmax:

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− Higher than or equal to the GBR in the RAB assignment message sent from the
CN
− Lower than or equal to the UE-priority-oriented maximum rate that is set on the
RNC LMT
Then, if Rmax is higher than the GBR, the downlink controllable mode set is {GBR in
the RAB assignment message, Rmax}. Otherwise, the downlink controllable mode set
contains only one rate, which is {GBR in the RAB assignment message}.
3.2 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Uplink

Stability
The UL AMRC algorithm steers the UL permitted highest AMR speech codec mode up or
down according to the UE transmit (TX) power.
3.2.1 UL Measurement and Event Reporting

Measurement results serve as the basis of AMRC/AMRC-WB. By comparing the
measurement results with associated thresholds, the UE reports events. Then, the RNC takes
associated AMRC/AMRC-WB actions.
UL Measurement
In the uplink, the measurement quantity is the transmit power of the UE.
UL Events and Thresholds

UL AMRC/AMRC-WB events consist of 6A1, 6A2, 6B1, 6B2 and 6D.
Events 6A1, 6A2, 6B1, and 6B2
Events 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, and 6B2 have their respective thresholds. The thresholds 6A1, 6B1,
6A2, and 6B2 in Figure 3-1 are specific for measurement events 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, and 6B2
respectively.
Figure 3-1 UL events and thresholds

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The Delta_6a1, Delta_6b1, Delta_6a2, and Delta_6b2 in Figure 3-1 refer to the following
relative values respectively:
z The relative value between the TX power threshold 6A1 and the Max UL TX power of
conversational service
z The relative value between the TX power threshold 6B1 and the Max UL TX power of
z The relative value between the TX power threshold 6A2 and the Max UL TX power of
z The relative value between the TX power threshold 6B2 and the Max UL TX power of
Therefore, Delta_6a1, Delta_6b1, Delta_6a2, and Delta_6b2 are relative measurement
thresholds.
A set of relative measurement thresholds for all AMR/AMR-WB services is as follows:
z Uplink 6A1 event relative threshold
z Uplink 6B1 event relative threshold
z Uplink 6A2 event relative threshold
z Uplink 6B2 event relative threshold
The values of the preceding relative thresholds are listed in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2 The values of relative thresholds

Services Uplink 6A1 Uplink 6B1 Uplink 6A2 Uplink 6B2
event relative event relative event relative event relative
threshold threshold threshold threshold
BE(32kbit/s) 1 1 5 5
BE(64kbit/s) 1 1 3 3
BE(128kbit/s) 1 1 6 6
BE(144kbit/s) 1 1 6 6
BE(256kbit/s) 1 1 3 3
AMR 2 2 10 10
WAMR 2 2 10 10
VP 2 2 - -
The measurement thresholds, that is, the absolute measurement thresholds, are calculated on
the basis of the following formula:
z Measurement threshold 6A1 = Max UL TX power of conversational service – Uplink
6A1 event relative threshold
z Measurement threshold 6B1 = Max UL TX power of conversational service – Uplink
6B1 event relative threshold

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z Measurement threshold 6A2 = Max UL TX power of conversational service – Uplink

6A2 event relative threshold
z Measurement threshold 6B2 = Max UL TX power of conversational service – Uplink
6B2 event relative threshold
Event 6D
The threshold of event 6D is the maximum UE Tx power.
Figure 3-2 Event 6D and thresholds
Event Reporting
After establishing an AMR/AMR-WB speech service, the UTRAN sends the UE a
MEASUREMENT CONTROL message to configure
z the TX power threshold of 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, 6B2, and 6D.
z the trigger time of 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, 6B2, and 6D.
For AMR/AMR-WB service, the trigger time of 6A1, 6B1, 6A2 and 6B2 is set to 320 ms,
and the trigger time of 6D is set to 640 ms.
Then, the UE measures the TX power in real time, filters the measurement results, and makes
decisions as follows:
z If the UE TX power has been higher than TX power threshold 6A1 for a period longer
than 320 ms and the TRIGGERED_6A1_EVENT variable is FALSE, event 6A1 is
triggered and the TRIGGERED_6A1_EVENT variable is set to TRUE.
z If the TRIGGERED_6A1_EVENT variable is TRUE and the UE TX power is lower than
TX power threshold 6A1, the TRIGGERED_6A1_EVENT variable is set to FALSE.
z If the UE TX power has been lower than TX power threshold 6B1 for a period longer
than 320 ms and the TRIGGERED_6B1_EVENT variable is FALSE, event 6B1 is
triggered and the TRIGGERED_6B1_EVENT variable is set to TRUE.
z If the TRIGGERED_6B1_EVENT variable is TRUE and the UE TX power is higher than
TX power threshold 6B1, the TRIGGERED_6B1_EVENT variable is set to FALSE.
z If the UE TX power has been lower than TX power threshold 6B2 for a period longer
than 320 ms and the TRIGGERED_6B2_EVENT variable is FALSE, event 6B2 is
triggered and the TRIGGERED_6B2_EVENT variable is set to TRUE.
z If the TRIGGERED_6B2_EVENT variable is TRUE and the UE TX power is higher than
TX power threshold 6B2, the TRIGGERED_6B2_EVENT variable is set to FALSE.

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z If the UE TX power has been higher than TX power threshold 6A2 for a period longer
than 320 ms and the TRIGGERED_6A2_EVENT variable is FALSE, event 6A2 is
triggered and the TRIGGERED_6A2_EVENT variable is set to TRUE.
z If the TRIGGERED_6A2_EVENT variable is TRUE and the UE TX power is lower than
TX power threshold 6A2, the TRIGGERED_6A2_EVENT variable is set to FALSE.
z If the UE Tx power equals the maximum UE TX power for 240 ms and the variable
TRIGGERED_6D_EVENT is set to FALSE, event 6D is triggered and the variable
TRIGGERED_6D_EVENT to TRUE.
z If the variable TRIGGERED_6D_EVENT is set to TRUE and if the UE Tx power is less
than the maximum UE TX power, set the variable TRIGGERED_6D_EVENT to
FALSE.
For detailed information about the TRIGGERED_6A1_EVENT, TRIGGERED_6A2_EVENT,

TRIGGERED_6B1_EVENT, TRIGGERED_6B2_EVENT and TRIGGERED_6D_EVENT variables, see
the 3GPP TS 25.331.
Each time a measurement event is triggered, the UE sends the measurement report to the
UTRAN (as shown in Figure 3-1) and the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm makes a
corresponding adjustment according to the reported measurement event. For detailed
information about the signaling procedure, see 3.2.3 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Signaling
Procedure.
3.2.2 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Action

Based on the event reports from the UE, the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm takes
associated AMRC/AMRC-WB actions.
Principles of the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm

The principles of the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm are as follows:
z To steer the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode up, the following
requirements must be satisfied:
− The UE TX power is below a certain threshold.
− The UL load resource is not in congestion state.
z To steer the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode down, the UE TX
power must be higher than a certain threshold.
The UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm steers the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode up or down in the controllable mode set by only one level each time.
Details of the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm

The UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm adjusts the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode as follows:
z When an event 6A1 or 6D is received, the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm decreases
the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode by one level and starts the
UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer whose length is specified by Wait Timer for Uplink Rate
Adjustment of Traffic AMR/WAMR.. If the rate before the decrease is GBR or rate
decrease fails, handover can be performed. For details, refer to 5.1 Link Stability Control
Algorithms for AMR/AMR-WB Speech Services.

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− If the event 6B1 or 6B2 is received before the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer expires,
the adjustment is completed. Then, the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm stops the
UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer and ends the adjustment.
− If no event 6B1 or 6B2 is received before the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer expires
and if the current rate is higher than GBR, the adjustment is not complete. The UL
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm decreases the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode by one more level and restarts the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer.
If the rate before the decrease is GBR, handover can be performed. For details or rate
decrease fails, refer to 5.1 Link Stability Control Algorithms for AMR/AMR-WB
Speech Services.
z When an event 6B2 is received and UL load resource is not in congestion state, the UL
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm increases the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode by one level and starts the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer whose
length is specified by Wait Timer for Uplink Rate Adjustment of Traffic
AMR/WAMR. If the rate before the increase is the maximum one in the controllable
mode set, no increase will be performed, and the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer does not
start.
− If the event 6A2 or 6A1 is received before the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer expires,
the adjustment is completed. Then, the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm stops the
UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer and ends the adjustment.
− If no event 6A2 or 6A1 is received before the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer expires
and if UL load resource is still not in congestion state, the adjustment is not complete.
The UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm increases the UL permitted highest
AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode by one more level and restarts the UL
AMRC/AMRC-WB timer. If the rate before the increase is the maximum one in the
controllable mode set, no increase will be performed, and the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB
timer does not restart.
In current version, there are two rates in the controllable mode set at most.
Table 3-3 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm
Event Permitted Highest AMR/AMR-WB UL AMRC/AMRC-WB

Speech Codec Mode Timer
6A1 ↓ Started
6B1 → Stopped
6A2 → Stopped
6B2 ↑ Started
↓: depicts decrease in the permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode.
↑: depicts increase in the permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode.
→: depicts no change on the current permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec
mode.
If event 6B1 is reported when the permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode is
↑, then no adjustment related to event 6B1 is made.
If event 6A2 is reported when the permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode is
↓, then no adjustment related to event 6A2 is made.

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If the event 6A2 or 6B1 is received when the UL AMRC/AMRC-WB timer is not started, the
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm regards it as a normal variation of UE TX power and does not make any
adjustment.
3.2.3 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Signaling Procedure

This describes UL AMRC/AMRC-WB signaling procedures.
As shown in Figure 3-3, the UTRAN sends the information to the UE through a
MEASUREMENT CONTROL message
z The TX power threshold of 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, 6B2, and 6D.
z The trigger time of 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, 6B2, and 6D.
Figure 3-3 Signaling procedure of measurement control
As shown in Figure 3-4, the UE reports events 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, 6B2 or 6D by sending a
MEASUREMENT REPORT message.
Figure 3-4 Signaling procedure of measurement reporting
As shown in Figure 3-5, the RNC adjusts the UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech
codec mode by sending a TRANSPORT FORMAT COMBINATION CONTROL message
and adjusts the UL bandwidth by sending a QAAL2 MODIFY message.

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Figure 3-5 Signaling procedure of UL AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode adjustment
3.3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Downlink

Stability
The DL AMRC algorithm steers the DL permitted highest AMR speech codec mode up or
down according to the DPDCH transmit (TX) power.
3.3.1 DL Measurement and Event Reporting

Measurement results serve as the basis of AMRC/AMRC-WB. By comparing the
measurement results with associated thresholds, the RNC triggers AMRC/AMRC-WB
actions.
DL Measurement
In the downlink, the measurement quantity is the DPDCH transmit (TX) power.
DL Events and Thresholds

DL AMRC/AMRC-WB events consist of E1, E2, F1, and F2.
The thresholds E1, E2, F1, and F2 in Figure 3-6 are specific for measurement events E1, E2,
F1, and F2 respectively.

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Figure 3-6 DL Events and Thresholds
In Figure 3-6:
z For event E1, the average TX power on the DPDCH is higher than the TX power
threshold E1.
z For event E2, the average TX power on the DPDCH is lower than the TX power
threshold E2.
z For event F1, the average TX power on the DPDCH is lower than the TX power
threshold F1.
z For event F2, the average TX power on the DPDCH is higher than the TX power
threshold F2.
The Delta_E1, Delta_E2, Delta_F1, and Delta_F2 in Figure 3-6 refer to the following relative
values respectively:
z The relative value between the TX power threshold E1 and the RL Max DL TX power
z The relative value between the TX power threshold E2 and the RL Max DL TX power
z The relative value between the TX power threshold F1 and the RL Max DL TX power
z The relative value between the TX power threshold F2 and the RL Max DL TX power
Therefore, Delta_E1, Delta_E2, Delta_F1, and Delta_F2 are relative measurement thresholds.
A set of relative measurement thresholds for all AMR/AMR-WB services are configured. The
set includes the following parameters:
z DL E1 event relative threshold
z DL E2 event relative threshold
z DL F1 event relative threshold
z DL F2 event relative threshold

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The measurement thresholds, that is, the absolute measurement thresholds, are calculated on
the basis of the following formula:
z Measurement threshold E1 = RL Max DL TX power – DL E1 event relative threshold
z Measurement threshold E2 = RL Max DL TX power – DL E2 event relative threshold
z Measurement threshold F1 = RL Max DL TX power – DL F1 event relative threshold
z Measurement threshold F2 = RL Max DL TX power – DL F2 event relative threshold
Event Reporting
After establishing a service, the UTRAN sends a request to the NodeB for periodical
measurements of DL Transmitted Code Power (TCP) in the pilot field of DPCCH, and NodeB
sends the TCP measurement reports to the RNC every 480 ms.
The RNC processes the measurement report as follows:
1. The RNC converts DL TCP in the pilot field of DPCCH to the average TX power of the
DPDCH.
2. The RNC compares the average DPDCH TX power with the measurement thresholds E1,
E2, F1 and F2 to determine the type of event.
3.3.2 DL AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm

The DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm steers the DL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode up or down according to the DPDCH transmit (TX) power.
Principles of the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm

The principles of the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm are as follows:
z To steer the DL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode up, the following
requirements must be satisfied:
− The DPDCH TX power is below a certain threshold.
− The DL load resource is not in congestion state.
z To steer the DL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode down, the
DPDCH TX power must be higher than a certain threshold.
The DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm steers the DL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode up or down in the controllable mode set by only one level each time.
Details of the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm

The DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm adjusts the DL permitted highest AMR speech codec
mode as follows:
z When the average DPDCH power is higher than the threshold E1, the DL
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm decreases the DL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB
speech codec mode by one level and sets the AMRC/AMRC-WB status to Rate-Down. If
the rate before the decrease is GBR or rate decrease fails, handover can be performed.
For detailed information, see 5.1 Link Stability Control Algorithms for AMR/AMR-WB
Speech Services.
z When the average DPDCH power is lower than the threshold F1 and the DL load is not
in congestion state, the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm increases the DL permitted
highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode by one level and sets the

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AMRC/AMRC-WB status to Rate-Up. If the rate before the increase is the maximum
one in the controllable mode set, no increase will be performed.
z When the average DPDCH power is between the thresholds E2 and F2, the current DL
AMR/AMR-WB speech rate is appropriate. The DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm
makes no adjustment and sets the AMRC/AMRC-WB status to Normal.
z When the average DPDCH power is lower than or equal to the threshold E1 and higher
than the threshold E2, the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm makes adjustments
according to the AMRC/AMRC-WB status.
− If the AMRC/AMRC-WB status is Rate-Down, the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB
algorithm decreases the DL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode
by one level. If the rate before the decrease is GBR or rate decrease fails, handover
can be performed. For detailed information, see 5.1 Link Stability Control Algorithms
for AMR/AMR-WB Speech Services.
− If the AMRC/AMRC-WB status is Normal or Rate-Up, the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB
algorithm makes no adjustment.
z When the average DPDCH power is lower than the threshold F2 and higher than or equal
to the threshold F1, the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm makes adjustments according
to the AMRC/AMRC-WB status and DL load status.
− If the AMRC/AMRC-WB status is Rate-Up and the DL load is not in congestion state,
the DL AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm increases the DL permitted highest
AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode by one more level. If the rate before the
increase is the maximum one in the controllable mode set, no increase will be
performed.
− If the AMRC/AMRC-WB status is Normal or Rate-Down, the DL
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm makes no adjustment.
Table 3-4 Change of DL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode
DPDCH Mode Change when Mode Change when Mode Change when
Power AMRC/AMRC-WB AMRC/AMRC-WB AMRC/AMRC-WB
Status is Normal Status is Rate_Down Status is Rate_Up
DPDCH ↓ ↓ ↓
power > the
TX power
threshold E1
The TX → ↓ →
power
threshold E2
< DPDCH
power ≤ the
TX power
threshold E1
The TX → → →
power
threshold F2
≤ DPDCH
power ≤ the
TX power
threshold E2

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DPDCH Mode Change when Mode Change when Mode Change when
Power AMRC/AMRC-WB AMRC/AMRC-WB AMRC/AMRC-WB
Status is Normal Status is Rate_Down Status is Rate_Up
The TX → → ↑
power
threshold F1
≤ DPDCH
power < the
TX power
threshold F2
DPDCH ↑ ↑ ↑
power < the
TX power
threshold F1
↓: depicts the decrease in the permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode.
↑: depicts the increase in the permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode.
→: depicts no change on the current permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec

mode.
3.3.3 DL AMRC/AMRC-WB Signaling Procedure

This describes DL AMRC/AMRC-WB signaling procedures.
As shown in Figure 3-7, the RNC sets periodical measurement reporting by sending a
DEDICATED MEASUREMENT INITIATION REQUEST message to the NodeB.
Figure 3-7 Signaling procedure of dedicated measurement
As shown in Figure 3-8, the NodeB reports the measurement results by sending a
DEDICATED MEASUREMENT REPORT message.

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Figure 3-8 Signaling procedure of dedicated measurement reporting
As shown in Figure 3-9, the RNC adjusts the DL rate by sending an IUUP RATE CONTROL
REQUEST message.
Figure 3-9 Signaling procedure of DL rate adjustment
3.4 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Basic

Congestion
AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm Based on Basic Congestion is one of the actions implemented
by Load Reshuffling (LDR).
z When the cell enters the basic congestion state, the LDR algorithm triggers the
corresponding actions to reduce the cell load. For detailed information, see “Load
Reshuffling” in load control.
z When the cell exits the basic congestion state, the LDR algorithm will no longer do any
action to the UEs in the cell. The rate of the service will be increased according to
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm based on link stability.
3.4.1 UL AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing Based on UL Basic

Congestion
When a cell enters the basic congestion state in the uplink and AMR/AMR-WB rate
downsizing is triggered, the uplink permitted maximum AMR/AMR-WB speech codec rate
will be reduced to the GBR in the uplink controllable mode set.

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3.4.2 DL AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing Based on DL Basic

Congestion
When a cell enters the basic congestion state in the downlink and AMR/AMR-WB rate
downsizing is triggered, the downlink permitted maximum AMR/AMR-WB speech codec
rate will be reduced to the GBR in the downlink controllable mode set.
3.4.3 Signaling Procedure of AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing

AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing based on basic congestion uses the signaling interaction on
the Uu and Iu interface to adjust the permitted maximum AMR/AMR-WB speech codec
mode.
This describes the Signaling Procedure of UL AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing.
As shown in the following figure, the RNC downsizes the UL permitted highest
AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode by sending a TRANSPORT FORMAT COMBINATION
CONTROL message and downsizes the UL bandwidth by sending a QAAL2 MODIFY
message.
Figure 3-10 Signaling procedure of UL AMR/AMR-WB rate downsizing based on UL basic

congestion
This describes the Signaling Procedure of DL AMR/AMR-WB Rate Downsizing.

As shown in the following figure, the RNC downsizes the DL permitted highest
AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode by sending an IUUP RATE CONTROL REQUEST
message.
Figure 3-11 Signaling procedure of DL AMR/AMR-WB rate downsizing based on DL basic

congestion

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3.4.4 Relation Between Congestion and Rate Upsizing

During the congestion period, the RNC does not upsize the service rate.
3.5 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm for TFO/TrFO

This describes the AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm for TFO/TrFO from the following aspects:
background information of TFO/TrFO, support for TFO/TrFO, and AMRC/AMRC-WB
algorithm for TFO/TrFO.
3.5.1 Background Information of TFO/TrFO

Tandem Free Operation (TFO) is intended to avoid the traditional double speech
encoding/decoding in MS to MS (GSM), MS to UE (GSM/3G), or UE to UE (3G) call
configurations. In the following paragraphs, the term "MS" is used for MS and UE, and the
term "UE" is used only if a 3G terminal is explicitly addressed.
In a normal UE-UE call configuration, the speech signals are:
1. Encoded in the originating UE
2. Sent over the Uu interface
3. Converted to A-law or μ-law ITU-T Recommendation G.711 in the local transcoder
4. Carried over the fixed network
5. Transcoded again in the distant transcoder
6. Sent over the distant Uu interface
7. Decoded in the terminating UE
See Figure 3-12. In this configuration, the two speech codecs (coder/decoder pairs) are in
tandem operation. The key inconvenience of a tandem configuration is the speech quality
degradation introduced by the double transcoding. This degradation is usually more
noticeable when the speech codecs are operating at low rates.
Figure 3-12 Typical speech codec tandem operation
When the originating and terminating connections are using the same speech codec, it is
possible to transmit transparently the speech frames received from the originating UE to the
terminating UE without activating the transcoding functions in the originating and terminating
networks. In this configuration, TFO or Transcoder Free Operation (TrFO) is ongoing.

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For detailed information about TFO and TrFO, see 3GPP TS 28.062.
3.5.2 Support for TFO/TrFO

To enable the RNC to use the AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm for TFO/TrFO, the following
conditions must be met:
z The AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm is enabled.
z The supported Iu UP version assigned by the CN includes version 2.
When both the UE and the network supporting the UE-UE calls use the same codec type
and codec mode set, the transcoding functions may be omitted to improve the speech
quality and the CN will assign Iu UP version 2.
z The IUUP_V2_SPT_SWITCH under the Channel class algorithm switch parameter is
on.
3.5.3 AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm for TFO/TrFO

The rules of the AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm for the TFO/TrFO are as follows:
z The UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode can be steered down on
the local RNC according to 3.2.2 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Action.
z The UL permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode may be steered up on the
local RNC according to 3.2.2 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Action. Ensure that the UL highest
mode after the adjustment is lower than or equal to the DL highest mode requested by
the peer RNC most recently.
z Compared with 3.2.2 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Action, the adjustment of the UL permitted
highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode can be triggered by the peer RNC. The
rules for the local RNC to respond to the mode requests from the peer RNC are as
follows:
If... Then...
The current UL highest codec mode is The local RNC sends the TRANSPORT
higher than the highest codec mode FORMAT COMBINATION CONTROL
requested by the peer RNC. message to the UE to steer the permitted
highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode
down to the mode that is lower than and
nearest to the highest AMR/AMR-WB speech
codec mode requested by the peer RNC in the
UL controllable mode set.

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If... Then...
The following conditions are fulfilled at The local RNC sends the TRANSPORT
the same time: FORMAT COMBINATION CONTROL
z The current UL highest codec mode is message to the UE to steer the permitted
lower than the highest codec mode highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode
requested by the peer RNC. up to the mode that is lower than and nearest to
the highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec
z The highest codec mode requested by mode requested by the peer RNC in the UL
the peer RNC is not in the UL controllable mode set.
controllable mode set.
z In the UL controllable mode set, there
is an AMR/AMR-WB speech codec
mode that is lower than and nearest to
the highest AMR/AMR-WB speech
codec mode requested by the peer RNC
and that is higher than the current UL
highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec
mode.
z The UL load resource is not in
congestion state.
The following conditions are fulfilled at The local RNC sends the TRANSPORT
the same time: FORMAT COMBINATION CONTROL
z The current UL highest codec mode is message to the UE to steer the permitted
lower than the highest codec mode highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec up to
requested by the peer RNC. the highest codec mode requested by the peer
RNC.
z The highest codec mode requested by
the peer RNC is in the UL controllable
mode set.
z The UL load resource is not in
congestion state.
z In the downlink, the permitted highest AMR/AMR-WB speech codec mode can be
adjusted according to 3.3.1 DL Measurement and Event Reporting. If the mode needs to
be adjusted, the local RNC sends the mode adjustment command to the peer RNC. Based
on its own AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm, the peer RNC will further decide whether to
perform the mode adjustment.

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Rate Control Description 4 DCCC Algorithm
4 DCCC Algorithm
The DCCC_SWITCH is used for internal testing. Do not set the DCCC_SWITCH to OFF
in the commercial network.
The following lists the contents of this chapter:

z Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume
z Rate Reallocation Based on Throughput
z Rate Reallocation Based on Link Quality
z BE Rate Downsizing and Recovery Based on Basic Congestion
z UE State Transition Algorithm
z Always Online
4.1 Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume

This section describes the uplink rate reallocation and downlink rate reallocation for BE
services based on traffic volume.
4.1.1 Traffic Volume Measurement and Event Reporting

Rate reallocation herein is based on the traffic volume measurement. After comparing the
measurement results with associated thresholds, the RNC can trigger rate reallocation.
Traffic Volume Measurement

In the uplink, the UE measures Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH), (that is, buffer occupancy
of RLC entities), to obtain the uplink traffic volume.
In the downlink, the RNC measures the DTCH (that is, buffer occupancy of RLC entities), to
obtain the downlink traffic volume.

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4 DCCC Algorithm Rate Control Description
The traffic volume measurements defined in 3GPP TS 25.331 are applicable only to the uplink.
Regarding the downlink traffic volume measurements and associated rate reallocation, the design and
implementation are Huawei specific.
Event 4a and Event 4b

Traffic volume threshold of event 4a is defined by the traffic measurement event 4A
threshold.
When the current traffic rate is 0kbit/s, the traffic measurement event 4A threshold is set to 16byte; when
the current traffic rate is not 0kbit/s, the traffic measurement event 4A threshold is set to 1024byte.
Traffic volume threshold of event 4b is defined by the traffic measurement event 4B

threshold.
When the current traffic rate is below 128kbit/s, the traffic measurement event 4B threshold is set to
128byte; when the current traffic rate is above 128kbit/s, the traffic measurement event 4B threshold is
set to 256byte.
Traffic volume measurement triggering can be associated with both the time-to-trigger (time
to trigger 4A which is set to 240ms and time to trigger 4B) and the pending time after
trigger(pending_time_after_trigger_4a which is set to 4,000 ms and
pending_time_after_trigger_4b which is set to 4,000 ms). For the definitions of
time-to-trigger and pending time after trigger, refer to section 14.4.3 "Traffic volume
reporting mechanisms" in 3GPP TS 25.331.
In uplink, the time to trigger 4B is 30s. In downlink, the time to trigger 4B is 5000 ms.
z Time-to-trigger is used to get time domain hysteresis, that is, the condition must be
fulfilled during the time-to-trigger period before a report is sent.
z Pending time after trigger is used to limit consecutive reports when one traffic volume
measurement report has already been sent.
In the uplink:
z When the traffic volume is higher than the value of Traffic Measurement Event 4A
threshold for a period of time defined by Time to trigger 4A, the UE reports an event 4a.
No more events 4a are reported during the pending_time_after_trigger_4a.
z When the traffic volume is lower than the value of Traffic Measurement Event 4B
threshold for a period of time defined by Time to trigger 4B, the UE reports an event 4b.
No more events 4b are reported during the pending_time_after_trigger_4b.
In the downlink:
z When the traffic volume is higher than the value of Traffic Measurement Event 4A
threshold for a period of time defined by Time to trigger 4A, the RNC reports internally
an event 4a. No more events 4a are reported during the pending_time_after_trigger_4a.
z When the traffic volume is lower than the value of Traffic Measurement Event 4B
threshold for a period of time defined by Time to trigger 4B, the RNC reports internally
an event 4b. No more events 4b are reported during the pending time
pending_time_after_trigger_4b.

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Figure 4-1 Event 4a triggered by an increase in the transport channel traffic volume
Figure 4-2 Event 4b triggered by a decrease in the transport channel traffic volume
In the uplink, the absolute threshold, time-to-trigger of event 4a,

pending_time_after_trigger_4a and those of event 4b are sent by UTRAN through the
MEASUREMENT CONTROL message.

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Figure 4-3 Measurement control
The UE reports the uplink event 4a and event 4b by sending the MEASUREMENT REPORT
message.
Figure 4-4 Measurement report
In the downlink, there are also MEASUREMENT CONTROL message, which carries the
absolute threshold, time-to-trigger of event 4a, time-to-trigger of event 4b,
pending_time_after_trigger_4a, pending_time_after_trigger_4b, and MEASUREMENT
REPORT message, which carries event 4a and event 4b. The difference to those in the uplink
is that they are internal messages in the RNC.
All the preceding parameters associated with events 4a and 4b (Traffic Measurement Event
4A/4B threshold and Time to trigger 4A/4B) take effect in uplink or downlink.
z If Direction is UPLINK, all the preceding event-related parameters take effect in the
uplink.
z If Direction is DOWNLINK, all the preceding event-related parameters take effect in the
downlink.
The rate reallocation based on traffic volume works in either direction separately.
4.1.2 UL Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume

In Huawei implementation, two strategies are available for uplink rate reallocation based on
traffic volume. One is RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH and the other is
RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH.
The strategy is set through the DCCC strategy parameter.
z The RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH strategy means that the rate can be either
downsized or upsized.

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z The RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH strategy means that the rate can only be upsized.
When the network resources are sufficient, the RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH strategy is
recommended.
z The UL DCCC algorithm is unavailable for the BE services whose applied uplink maximum rate is
lower than or equal to the Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC because DCCC can otherwise bring
processing burden for these BE services.
z The prerequisite of UL rate reallocation based on traffic volume described herein is as follows:
- The UL channel power is ample if the rate reallocation based on uplink quality algorithm is
enabled (see 4.3 Rate Reallocation Based on Link Quality).
- The cell is not in the basic congestion state in the uplink (see 4.4.1 UL BE Rate Downsizing and
Recovery Based on UL Basic Congestion). If the cell is in the basic congestion state in the uplink,
only the service whose bit rate is lower than GBR can upsize bit rate to GBR.
Principles of RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH
z Rate downsizing is performed if the RNC receives a report of event 4b about the uplink
traffic volume.
z Rate upsizing is performed if the RNC receives a report of event 4a about the uplink
traffic volume.
z The lowest value that the rate can be downsized to is the value of Uplink bit rate
threshold for DCCC. The highest value that the rate can be upsized to is MBR.
z When Uplink Rate decrease adjust level is 2_Rates, the data rate is downsized directly
to the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC.
In the process of upsizing, if the current rate is lower than the value of Uplink bit rate
threshold for DCCC, the rate is upsized to the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for
DCCC. If the current rate is higher than or equal to the value of Uplink bit rate
threshold for DCCC but lower than MBR, the rate is upsized directly to the MBR.
z When Uplink Rate decrease adjust level is 3_Rates, the data rate is downsized to the
value of Uplink mid bit rate threshold if the current rate is the MBR, and then to the
value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC. If the current rate is lower than MBR
and higher than the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the data rate is
downsized to the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC when downsizing is
triggered.
In the process of upsizing:
− If the current rate is lower than the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC,
the data rate is upsized to the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC.
− If the current rate equals the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the data
rate is upsized to the value of Uplink mid bit rate threshold and then to the MBR.
− If the current rate is lower than MBR and higher than the value of Uplink bit rate
threshold for DCCC, the rate is upsized to MBR when upsizing is triggered.

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Figure 4-5 Rate reallocation when both Uplink Rate decrease adjust level and Uplink Rate
increase adjust level are 2_Rates
Figure 4-6 Rate reallocation when both Uplink Rate decrease adjust level and Uplink Rate
increase adjust level are 3_Rates
Principles of RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH
z Rate downsizing is prohibited. If a UE is in low activity, the state of the UE is directly
transited to CELL_FACH when the UE state transition algorithm is enabled.
z Rate upsizing is performed if the RNC receives a report of event 4a about the uplink
traffic volume.

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z The highest value to which the rate can be upsized is MBR.

z When Uplink Rate increase adjust level is 2_Rates, if the current rate is lower than
Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the rate is upsized to Uplink bit rate threshold
for DCCC. If the current rate is higher than or equal to Uplink bit rate threshold for
DCCC but lower than MBR, the rate is upsized directly to the MBR
z When Uplink Rate increase adjust level is 3_Rates:
− If the current rate is lower than the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC,
the data rate is upsized to the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC.
− If the current rate is the value of Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the data rate
is upsized to the value of Uplink mid bit rate threshold and then to the MBR.
− If the current rate is lower than MBR and higher than the value of Uplink bit rate

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Figure 4-7 Rate reallocation when Uplink Rate increase adjust level is 2_Rates
Figure 4-8 Rate reallocation when Uplink Rate increase adjust level is 3_Rates
4.1.3 DL Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume

In Huawei implementation, two strategies are available for downlink rate reallocation based
on traffic volume. One is RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH and the other is
RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH.

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z The DL DCCC algorithm is unavailable for the BE services whose applied downlink maximum rate
is lower than or equal to the Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC because DCCC can otherwise
bring processing burden for these BE services.
z The prerequisites of DL rate reallocation based on traffic volume described herein are as follows:
- The DL channel power is ample if the rate reallocation based on downlink quality algorithm is
enabled (event F is reported, see 4.3.2 Downlink Quality Measurement and Event Reporting).
- The cell is not in the basic congestion state in the downlink (see 4.4.2 DL BE Rate Downsizing and
Recovery Based on DL Basic Congestion).
If the cell is in the basic congestion state in the downlink, only the service whose bit rate is lower
than GBR can upsize bit rate to GBR.
Principles of RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH
z Rate downsizing is performed if the RNC receives a report of event 4b about the
downlink traffic volume.
z Rate upsizing is performed if an event 4a about the downlink traffic volume is triggered.
z The lowest value that the rate can be downsized to is the value of Downlink bit rate
threshold for DCCC. The highest value that the rate can be upsized to is MBR.
z When Downlink Rate decrease adjust level is 2_Rates, the rate is downsized directly to
the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC, or the rate is upsized directly to
the MBR from the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC.
In the process of upsizing, if the current rate is lower than Downlink bit rate threshold
for DCCC, the rate is upsized to the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC.
If the current rate is higher than or equal to the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for
DCCC but lower than MBR, the rate is upsized directly to the MBR
z When Downlink Rate decrease adjust level is 3_Rates, the rate is downsized to the
value of Downlink mid bit rate threshold if the current rate is the MBR, and then to the
value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC. If the current rate is lower than MBR
and higher than Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the rate is downsized to the
value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC when downsizing is triggered.
In the process of upsizing:
− If the current rate is lower than Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the data
rate is upsized to the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC.
− If the current rate equals the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the
data rate is upsized to the value of Downlink mid bit rate threshold and then to the
MBR.
− If the current rate is lower than MBR and higher than Downlink bit rate threshold
for DCCC, the rate is upsized to MBR when upsizing is triggered.

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Figure 4-9 Rate reallocation when both Downlink Rate decrease adjust level and Downlink
Rate increase adjust level are 2_Rates
Figure 4-10 Rate reallocation when both Downlink Rate decrease adjust level and Downlink
Rate increase adjust level are 3_Rates

RAN
Principles of RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH
z Rate downsizing is not performed. If a UE is in low activity, the state of the UE is
directly transited to CELL_FACH when the UE state transition algorithm is enabled.
z Rate upsizing is performed if an event 4a about the downlink traffic volume is triggered.
z The highest value that the rate can be upsized to is MBR.
z When Downlink Rate increase adjust level is 2_Rates, if the current rate is lower than
Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the rate is upsized to the value of Downlink
bit rate threshold for DCCC. If the current rate is higher than or equal to Downlink bit
rate threshold for DCCC but lower than MBR, the rate is upsized directly to the MBR
z When Downlink Rate increase adjust level is 3_Rates:
− If the current rate is lower than the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC,
the data rate is upsized to the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC.
− If the current rate is the value of Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the data
rate is upsized to the value of Downlink mid bit rate threshold and then to the
MBR.
− If the current rate is lower than MBR and higher than the value of Downlink bit rate
Figure 4-11 Rate reallocation when Downlink Rate increase adjust level is 3_Rates

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Figure 4-12 Rate reallocation when Downlink Rate increase adjust level is 2_Rates
4.1.4 Signaling Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic

Volume
This section describes how the rate reallocation based on traffic volume is implemented
through the signaling over the Uu and Iub interfaces.
Signaling Procedure of UL Rate Reallocation

Figure 4-13 and Figure 4-14 show the signaling procedures of UL rate reallocation based on
the traffic volume.
Figure 4-13 Signaling procedure of UL rate downsizing based on traffic volume

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Figure 4-14 Signaling procedure of UL rate upsizing based on traffic volume
Signaling Procedure of DL Rate Reallocation

Figure 4-15 and Figure 4-16 show the signaling procedures of DL rate reallocation based on
the traffic volume.
Figure 4-15 Signaling procedure of DL rate downsizing based on traffic volume

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Figure 4-16 Signaling procedure of DL rate upsizing based on traffic volume
4.2 Rate Reallocation Based on Throughput

This section describes how the DCCC of BE services are implemented through rate
reallocation based on the throughput.
z To enable rate reallocation based on throughput for DCH, set the THROU_DCCC_SWITCH of
Channel Class Algorithm Switch parameter to ON through the SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
command firstly.
z To enable rate reallocation based on throughput for HSUPA, set the HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH of
Hspa Algorithm Switch parameter to ON through the SET CORRMALGOSWITCH command
firstly.
4.2.1 Throughput Measurement and Event Reporting

E-DCH and DCH BE services rate reallocation is based on the throughput measurement
results. After comparing the measurement results with associated thresholds, the RNC can
trigger rate reallocation.
Throughput Measurement
In each measurement period, the MAC-d takes statistics of the data volume properly received
by this RB. The result is then divided by the measurement period to obtain the throughput
value.

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z For E-DCH service, the throughput measurement period is specified by the E-DCH Throu Meas
Period parameter.
z For DCH service, the throughput measurement period is set to 1,000 ms.
Event 4a and Event 4b
z For throughput-based rate reallocation on the E-DCH, both events 4a and 4b apply, that is, both rate
upsizing and downsizing are applicable for uplink.
z For throughput-based rate reallocation on the DCH, only event 4b applies, that is, only rate
downsizing is applicable.
Mechanism
Figure 4-17 illustrates the mechanism of throughput measurement and reporting of events 4a
and 4b. In this example, the time to trigger for 4a/4b is three consecutive measurement
periods, and the pending time after trigger for 4a/4b is four consecutive measurement periods.
Figure 4-17 Mechanism of throughput measurement and reporting of events 4a and 4b
In RAN10.0, the time to trigger for 4a/4b is set to two consecutive measurement periods; the pending
time after trigger for 4a/4b is set to sixteen consecutive measurement periods.
The mechanism of reporting throughput-related events 4a and 4b is as follows:

A specified group of adjustment rate and the associated throughput threshold has to be
configured:
{(R1, TR1), ... (Ri, TRi), ... (RN, TRN)}
Where:
z For E-DCH services,
− The first figure in each pair of parentheses is the HSUPA adjustment rate which is set
through the HSUPA UpLink rate adjust set parameter.
− The second figure is the associated throughput threshold of this HSUPA adjustment
rate.
TRi = Ri x threshold rate ratio
The threshold rate ratio is set as the following table.

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− The RN is the highest rate in the set defined by the HSUPA UpLink rate adjust set
parameter.
Assume that the maximum bit rate of a service assigned through an RAB
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message is MaxRate. Then, MaxRateThreshold = MaxRate
x threshold rate ratioMaxRate.
− If Rt < MaxRate ≤Rt+1 (1 ≤ t ≤ N–1), the HSUPA adjustment rate and associated
throughput threshold set is: {(R1, TR1), ..., (Ri, TRi), ..., (Rt, TRt),( RMaxRate,
TRMaxRate)}.
− If MaxRate > RN, the HSUPA adjustment rate and associated throughput threshold set
is: {(R1, TR1), ..., (Ri, TRi), ..., (RN, TRN) ,( RMaxRate, TRMaxRate)}.
Table 4-1 The threshold rate ratio for different rates
Rate Threshold Rate Ratio
8Kbps 90%
16Kbps 90%
32Kbps 90%
64Kbps 90%
128Kbps 80%
144Kbps 80%
256Kbps 80%
384Kbps 75%
608Kbps 75%
1450Kbps 75%
2048Kbps 75%
2890Kbps 70%
5760Kbps 70%
z For DCH services, the rate adjustment set is {rate threshold for DCCC, middle rate,
maximum rate} permanently.
− The rate threshold for DCCC is defined by the Uplink/Downlink bit rate threshold
for DCCC parameter.
− The middle rate is defined by the Uplink/Downlink mid bit rate calculate method
and Uplink/Downlink mid bit rate threshold parameters. For detailed information,
see 4.1.2 UL Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume and 4.1.3 DL Rate
Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume.
− The maximum rate is the MBR.
During each measurement period, throughput measurement on this RB is performed to obtain
the throughput of this period, defined as AvgThroughput.
z If the AvgThroughput is higher than the 4a threshold for two consecutive measurement
periods and the Tpend_4a timer, which is set to sixteen consecutive measurement periods

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after event 4a is triggered, is not started, event 4a is reported and the Tpend_4a timer is
started.
z If the AvgThroughput is lower than the 4b threshold for two consecutive measurement
periods and the Tpend_4b timer, which is set to sixteen consecutive measurement
periods after event 4b is triggered, is not started, event 4b is reported and the Tpend_4b
timer is started.
z For E-DCH service, the throughput measurement period is specified by E-DCH Throu Meas
Period parameter..
z For DCH service, the throughput measurement period is set to 1,000 ms.
Thresholds
In the aspect of DCCC for HSUPA,
z The 4a threshold is the throughput threshold associated with the current HSUPA
adjustment rate, that is, TRt.
TRt = Rt x threshold rate ratiot
z The 4b threshold is the throughput threshold associated with the previous rate, that is,
TRt–1.
TRt–1 = Rt–1 x threshold rate ratiot–1
If the current HSUPA adjustment rate is the minimum rate, the 4b rate threshold is the
threshold rate of E-DCH to FACH state transition (E-DCH to FACH 4b Threshold).
In the aspect of DCCC for DCH services, the 4b threshold is calculated as follows:
TRt-1 = Rt-1 x threshold rate ratiot-1
where:
z Rt-1 is the previous rate in the rate adjustment set.
z Threshold rate ratiot-1 is equal to 90%.
4.2.2 Rate Reallocation Action Based on Throughput

Two strategies are available for E-DCH in Huawei implementation. One is
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN, and the other is RATE_UP_ONLY. For DCH, only rate
downsizing is applicable.
Rate Reallocation on E-DCH

The strategy is set through the HSUPA DCCC strategy parameter. The information about
setting these parameters is as follows:
z The RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH strategy means that the rate can be both
downsized and upsized. If the system resources in the network are insufficient, the
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH strategy is recommended.
z The RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH strategy means that the rate can only be upsized.
When the network resources are sufficient, the RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH strategy
is recommended.
Principles of RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH
z After event 4a is reported, the bit rate is adjusted by one level upwards. If the current rate
is the maximum bit rate, no action is required.

RAN
The process is as follows:

Assume that Rt is the current configured rate. If AvgThroughput > Rt x threshold rate
ratiot for two consecutive measurement periods and the Tpend_4a timer after trigger 4a
is not started, event 4a is triggered, and Rt is upsized to Rt+1 if Rt is not the maximum
rate.
z After event 4b is reported, the reported throughput is compared with the threshold rates
that are associated with the HSUPA adjustment rates, to find out the threshold rates
which are higher than the reported throughput. Then, the RB is reconfigured to the
HSUPA adjustment bit rate, which is associated with the minimum threshold rate among
those which are higher than the reported throughput.
Assume that Rt is the current configured rate. If AvgThroughput < Rt–1 x threshold rate
ratiot–1 for two consecutive measurement periods and the Tpend_4b timer after trigger 4b
is not started, then event 4b is triggered. If the measured average throughput is between
TRi–1 and TRi, the current configured rate is downsized to a proper rate Ri. Figure 4-18
shows the relation.
Figure 4-18 Average throughput between TRi–1 and TRi
Principles of RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH
z After event 4a is reported, the rate is adjusted by one level upwards. If the current rate is
the maximum rate, no action is required.
z After event 4b is reported, no rate downsizing is done. However state transition can be
done according to rules specified in 4.5 UE State Transition Algorithm.
Rate Downsizing on DCH

After event 4b is reported, the reported throughput is compared with the threshold rates that
are associated with the HSUPA adjustment rates, to find out the threshold rates which are
higher than the reported throughput. Then, the RB is reconfigured to the HSUPA adjustment
bit rate, which is associated with the minimum threshold rate among those which are higher
than the reported throughput. For detailed information, see Figure 4-18.
The above procedure is for both uplink and downlink.
4.2.3 Signaling Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on

Throughput
This section describes how the rate reallocation based on throughput is implemented through
the signaling over the Uu and Iub interfaces.
Figure 4-19 and Figure 4-20 show the signaling procedures of rate reallocation based on
throughput.

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Figure 4-19 Signaling procedure of rate upsizing based on throughput
Figure 4-20 Signaling procedure of rate downsizing based on throughput
The DCH rate reallocation based on throughput is implemented through the signaling over the Uu and
Iub interfaces. Only downsizing is applicable to the DCH rate reallocation based on throughput.

RAN
4.3 Rate Reallocation Based on Link Quality

This section describes how to make rate reallocation for BE services according to the link
quality.
4.3.1 Uplink Quality Measurement and Event Reporting

This section describes the uplink quality evaluation factors and corresponding events.
Uplink Quality Measurement

There are two measurement quantities related to the uplink quality, uplink transmit power of
the UE and uplink BLER.
z The measurements of uplink transmit power through Uu interface from UE. When the
uplink transmit power reaches the maximum power, it indicates that the radio link may
be unstable.
z The measurement of uplink BLER can be implemented in RNC. When uplink BLER is
high, it also indicates that the radio link may be unstable.
Higher Layer Filtering

Before the measurement results of uplink transmitted power are reported, higher layer
filtering has to be performed at the UE.
The basic principle is the same as Higher Layer Filtering in the downlink, while the difference
is that the filter coefficient in the uplink is 19.
For the detailed information about Higher Layer Filtering in the downlink, see 4.3.2 Downlink Quality
Measurement and Event Reporting
Event 6A and 6B
In the uplink, the measurement of UE transmit power can trigger event 6A or event 6B.
z If the transmit power of the UE is above a certain threshold for a period of time, event
6A is triggered.
Event 6A involves two thresholds: 6A1 and 6A2. For detailed information, see 3.2.1 UL
Measurement and Event Reporting.
z If the transmit power of the UE is below a certain threshold for a period of time, event
6B is triggered.
Event 6B involves two thresholds: 6B1 and 6B2. For detailed information, see 3.2.1 UL
Measurement and Event Reporting.
The parameters related to events 6A and 6B are as follows:

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Event 6D
If the transmit power of the UE is equal to the maximum transmit power of the UE for a
period of time (the time is defined by the hysteresis), the UE reports event 6D.
For BE services, the hysteresis is specified by the Be trigger time 6D parameter.
Event 5A
The uplink BLER reflects the uplink quality. The change in the BLER is indicated by event
5A.
The RNC defines a sliding window of a certain length. If the number of error blocks during
the sliding window is greater than or equal to a predefined number, event 5A is triggered.
For a specific service parameter index, set the following parameters related to event 5A:
z Statistic Block Number for 5A Event: the length of the sliding window in which the
number of error blocks is counted
z Event 5A Threshold: the number of error blocks in a sliding window, which determines
whether to trigger an event 5A or not
z Interval Block Number: After an event 5A is triggered, no more event 5A is triggered
before a number of blocks (the number is defined by this parameter) are received.
z Statistic Block Number for 5A Event is set to 500.

z Event 5A Threshold is set to 280.
z Interval Block Number is set to 512.
Figure 4-21 shows the triggering and reporting mechanism of event 5A.
Figure 4-21 Event 5A mechanism
Each time a block is received, the number of error blocks within the sliding window is
compared with the Event 5A Threshold parameter. If the number of error blocks is equal to or
greater than the value of the parameter, an event 5A is triggered. When event 5A is triggered,
a pending counter is started to prevent further triggering of the event before a certain number
of transport blocks which is specified by Interval Block Number are received.
The whole process is based on the sliding window mechanism. This window slides with the
arrival of each block. Each time a block is received, the decision on whether to trigger event
5A is made. The number of error blocks is still counted when the pending timer after trigger
timer works. However, no event 5A is triggered even if the triggering conditions are met.

RAN
4.3.2 Downlink Quality Measurement and Event Reporting

This section describes the downlink quality evaluation factors and corresponding events.
Downlink Quality Measurement

There are two measurement quantities related to the downlink quality, Transmitted Code
Power (TCP), and RLC PDU retransmission rate.
z The measurement of TCP is implemented on the NodeB side. When the transmit power
of the DPDCH is higher than the threshold of event Ea, it indicates that the radio link
may be unstable.
z The RLC PDU retransmission rate is optional. It is controlled by the Srnc Downlink
RLC QOS Action Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE parameter.
Higher Layer Filtering

Before the measurement results for TCP are reported, they need to undergo higher layer
filtering at the NodeB.
The DL TCP Measurement Filter Coefficient determines how the filtering of measurement
values is performed. The RNC sends this parameter to the NodeB through the DEDICATED
MEASUREMENT INITION REQUEST message.
The averaging is calculated according to the following formula:
Where:
z is the updated filtered measurement result.

z is the previous filtered measurement result.
z is the latest received measurement result of DL transmitted code power from
physical layer measurements. The unit used for Mn is the same as that for Fn.
z , where k is determined by the DL TCP Measurement Filter Coefficient,
which is set to 1.
To initialize the averaging filter, F0 is set to M1 when the first measurement result from the
physical layer measurement is received.
Event E
Event E has two measurement thresholds, that is, threshold 1, and threshold 2.
z Event Ea means that the transmit power rises higher than measurement threshold 1.
z Event Eb means that the transmit power falls below measurement threshold 2.
For different services, there are different Ea and Eb thresholds. For the sake of simplicity of
parameters, a set of relative thresholds is defined for all BE services, and absolute Ea and Eb
thresholds are calculated by the following formula:
Where:

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z is the relative transmit power offset between pilot fields of the DPCCH and
DPDCHs. The relative threshold is Event Ea relative threshold, and maximum DL power
is configured through RL Max DL TX power that is specific to the DPDCHs.
z Maximum DL power is defined through the RL Max DL TX power parameter that is
specific for the DPDCHs.
Both Event Ea relative threshold and Event Eb relative threshold are set to 1dB.
Figure 4-22 shows the reporting mechanism of event E.
Figure 4-22 Event E reporting mechanism
z When the transmit power of the pilot fields of the DPCCH remains above the
measurement threshold 1 for a time period longer than T1 (Be trigger time of Event E),
event Ea is triggered. The NodeB periodically reports the measurement results of the
transmit power to the RNC.
z When the transmit power of the pilot fields of the DPCCH remains below the
measurement threshold 2 for a time period longer than T1 (the trigger time of event E
which is set to 640 ms for BE service), event Eb is triggered. The NodeB stops reporting
the measurement results of the transmit power.
Before event E measurement event evaluation and reporting, DL TCP Measurement Filter
Coefficient is used to perform higher layer filtering.
Event A
The RLC PDU retransmission rate is calculated according to the ACK and NACK feedback
information. The RLC PDU retransmission rate is optional. It is controlled by the Srnc
Downlink RLC QOS Action Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE parameter (through the SET
QOSACT command).
RLC retransmission rate is reported to layer 3 by layer 2. Figure 4-23 shows the RLC
retransmission rate.

RAN
Figure 4-23 RLC retransmission rate
The RLC retransmission process is as follows:

1. Set up a statistic window according to the period of monitoring PDU retransmission
which is set to 1,000 ms, during which RLC retransmission rate is calculated.
2. Filter the RLC retransmission rate by the filter coefficient for RLC retransmission
measurement which is set to 1. The filter coefficient for RLC retransmission
measurement is similar to the DL TCP Measurement Filter Coefficient, except that here
Mn is the latest RLC retransmission rate.
For detailed information about DL TCP Measurement Filter Coefficient, see Higher
Layer Filtering.
3. Check whether the RLC retransmission rate is above the Event A threshold which equals
to 16%. If it is above the threshold for a period of time (the period of monitoring PDU
retransmission x 2), RLC retransmission event A is triggered and the RLC
retransmission rate is reported.
RLC retransmission event A is defined as Huawei specific and it is not a 3GPP standard
event.
Each time a retransmission event A is triggered, RLC retransmission rate calculation needs to
be suspended for a period of time (the period of monitoring PDU retransmission x 1), during
which RLC retransmission rate is not calculated. When RLC retransmission rate event report
A is received, the downlink bandwidth can be downsized if an event Ea has already been
reported.
Event F
Event F is used to check whether the current transmit power allows rate upsizing.
Event F has two measurement thresholds, threshold 1, and threshold 2.
z Event Fa means that the transmit power falls below threshold 1.
z Event Fb means that the transmit power rises above threshold 2.
The measurement thresholds are various for different current rates and upsizing target rates
which are triggered by event 4a reports. For the sake of simplicity, measurement threshold 1

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equals the measurement threshold 2 in programming, and the threshold is calculated

according to the following formula:
Absolute threshold=p max − Δp − p margin − Event Ea relative threshold+po3
Where:
z is the power difference between current rate and target rate which is calculated in
RNC through the parameters acquired by the simulation and field test results.
Though these parameters can be changed by using the MML commands on the LMT, it is strongly
recommended that no change be made to them.
z is the event F reporting power margin (Event F reporting power margin)..
z Event Ea relative threshold is used to protect triggering event report Ea after upsizing.
z is the maximum DL power of target rate, that is, the maximum configured power of
the target rate.
z is the relative transmit power offset between pilot fields of the DPCCH and
DPDCHs.
Figure 4-24 shows the reporting mechanism of event F.
Figure 4-24 Event F reporting mechanism
z When the transmit power of the pilot fields of the DPCCH remains below the
measurement threshold 1 for a time period longer than T1 (Be trigger time of Event F),
event Fa is triggered. Then the NodeB periodically reports the measurement results of
the transmit power to the RNC.
z When the transmit power of the pilot fields of the DPCCH remains above the
measurement threshold 2 for a time period longer than T1 (the trigger time of event F
which is set to 640 ms for BE service), event Fb is triggered. The NodeB then stops
reporting the measurement results of the transmit power.
Before event F measurement event evaluation and reporting, DL TCP Measurement Filter
Coefficient is used.

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The event F threshold cannot be higher than the Ea threshold. Otherwise, this threshold is set to Ea
threshold.
4.3.3 Rate Reallocation Action Based on Uplink Quality

After events indicating unsatisfactory uplink quality are reported, the RNC performs rate
downsizing. The RNC restores the service rate when the associated conditions are met.
In RAN10.0, rate downsizing is one of the actions of the link stability control algorithm for
BE services. The RNC takes the action described herein only when the link stability control
algorithm triggers the rate downsizing. For detailed information about the link stability
control algorithm for BE services, see 5.3 Link Stability Control Algorithms for BE Services.
Rate Downsizing
For rate downsizing based on uplink quality, only the 3-rate downsizing applies.
z If the current rate is MBR, the rate is downsized to the value of Uplink mid bit rate
threshold.
z If the current rate is higher than Uplink full coverage bitrate but lower than MBR, the
rate is downsized to the value of Uplink full coverage bitrate.
The Uplink mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in 4.1 Rate Reallocation
Based on Traffic Volume.
The Uplink mid bit rate threshold is the middle bit rate threshold for adjustment of the traffic volume
in the uplink. When Uplink Rate decrease adjust level is 2_Rates, the middle bit rate for the rate
reallocation based on uplink quality is equal to the RB rate closest to MBR divided by two. The bit rate
is calculated in the RNC.
Figure 4-25 Rate downsizing based on uplink quality in the case of 3-rate adjustment

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Rate Upsizing
Figure 4-26 shows the process of rate upsizing based on uplink quality.
Figure 4-26 Rate upsizing process based on uplink quality
If the RNC receives an event 6B2 but no event 6A2, rate upsizing based on
traffic-volume-related event 4a is allowed.
If the RNC receives an event 6A2, rate upsizing based on traffic-volume-related event 4a is
not allowed. If the RNC receives an event 6B1, rate downsizing is stopped and rate upsizing
is still prohibited.
For detailed information about event 4a reporting and the rate upsizing process, see 4.1.2 UL
Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume.
4.3.4 Rate Reallocation Action Based on Downlink Quality

After events indicating unsatisfactory downlink quality are reported, the RNC performs rate
downsizing. The RNC restores the service rate when the associated conditions are met.
In RAN10.0, rate downsizing is one of the actions of the link stability control algorithm for
BE services. The RNC takes the action described herein only when the link stability control
algorithm triggers the rate downsizing. For detailed information about the link stability
control algorithm for BE services, see 5.3 Link Stability Control Algorithms for BE Services.
Rate Downsizing
For rate downsizing based on downlink quality, only the 3-rate downsizing applies.
z If the current rate is MBR, the rate is downsized to the value of Downlink mid bit rate
threshold.
z If the current rate is higher than Downlink full coverage bitrate but lower than MBR,
the rate is downsized to the value of Downlink full coverage bitrate.

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z The Downlink mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in 4.1 Rate
z The Downlink mid bit rate threshold is the middle bit rate threshold for adjustment of the traffic
volume in the downlink. When Downlink Rate adjust level is 2_Rates, the middle bit rate for the
rate reallocation based on downlink quality is equal to the RB rate closest to MBR divided by two.
The bit rate is calculated in the RNC.
Figure 4-27 Rate downsizing based on downlink quality in the case of 3-rate adjustment
Rate Upsizing
The rate upsizing process requires checking whether the current DL channel power is ample.
Rate upsizing is allowed only when the DL channel power is ample. Figure 4-28 shows the
process of rate upsizing based on downlink quality.

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Figure 4-28 Rate upsizing process based on downlink quality
If event Fa is reported, it indicates that the DL channel power is ample. Rate upsizing is then
performed if event 4a is reported.
If event Fb is reported, it indicates that the DL channel power is not ample. Then rate upsizing
is prohibited.
For detailed information about event 4a reporting and the rate upsizing process, see 4.1.3 DL
Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume.
4.3.5 Signaling Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on

Downlink Quality
This section describes how the rate reallocation based on downlink quality is implemented
through the signaling over the Uu and Iub interfaces.
Signaling Procedure of Rate Downsizing

Figure 4-29 shows the signaling procedure of rate downsizing based on the downlink quality.

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Figure 4-29 Signaling procedure of rate downsizing based on downlink quality
Signaling Procedure of Rate Upsizing

For detailed information about the signaling procedure of rate upsizing, see 4.1.4 Signaling
Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume.
4.4 BE Rate Downsizing and Recovery Based on Basic

Congestion
BE rate downsizing is one of the actions implemented by Load Reshuffling (LDR), which
uses the signaling interaction on the Uu interface to reconfigure the bandwidth.
When the cell enters the basic congestion state, the LDR algorithm triggers the corresponding
actions to reduce the cell load. For detailed information, see “Load Reshuffling” in Load
Control.
When the cell enters the basic congestion state, the maximum target rate is GBR for BE RAB.
When the cell exits the basic congestion state, the LDR algorithm no longer does any action
to the UEs in the cell. The rate of the service is upsized or downsized according to other
DCCC algorithms.
4.4.1 UL BE Rate Downsizing and Recovery Based on UL Basic

Congestion
When a cell enters the basic congestion state in the uplink and BE rate downsizing is triggered,
the bandwidth of the selected RABs is reduced to the target bit rate. For DCH RAB and
HSUPA RAB, the target rates of the rate downsizing are different.

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z If the selected RAB is a DCH RAB, only 3-rate downsizing applies.

− If the current rate is MBR, the rate is downsized to Uplink mid bit rate threshold.
− If the current rate is higher than GBR but lower than MBR, the rate is downsized to
GBR.
z The Uplink mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in 4.1 Rate Reallocation
Based on Traffic Volume.
z The Uplink mid bit rate threshold is the middle bit rate threshold for adjustment of the traffic
volume in the uplink. When Uplink Rate decrease adjust level is 2_Rates, the middle bit rate is
equal to the RB rate closest to MBR divided by two. The bit rate is calculated in the RNC.
z If the selected RAB is an HSUPA RAB, the target rate is determined according to the
configured HSUPA adjustment rate in order (For detailed information about the HSUPA
UpLink rate adjust set parameter, see 4.2.1 Throughput Measurement and Event
Reporting). The target rate has to be greater than or equal to GBR.
Figure 4-30 shows an example of UL BE rate downsizing and upsizing (DCH RAB). In this
example, the Uplink Rate decrease adjust level parameter is set to 3_Rates, rate downsizing
is triggered by UL basic congestion, and rate upsizing is triggered when basic congestion is
removed. In addition, the current UL rate can be the initial rate, middle rate, or maximum bit
rate.
When the current UL rate is the maximum bit rate, the current rate is downsized to the middle rate if a
UL basic congestion report is received, and the rate is then downsized to the GBR if a second UL basic
congestion report is received.
Figure 4-30 UL BE rate downsizing and upsizing based on UL basic congestion (2)

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4.4.2 DL BE Rate Downsizing and Recovery Based on DL Basic

Congestion
When a cell enters the basic congestion state in the downlink and BE rate downsizing is
triggered, the bandwidth of the selected RABs is reduced.
The bit rate of the selected services is downsized to the associated GBR. (The user GBRs can
be set through the SET USERGBR command.)
Only 3-rate downsizing applies.
z If the current rate is MBR, the rate is downsized to Downlink mid bit rate threshold.
z If the current rate is higher than GBR and lower than MBR, the rate is downsized to
GBR.
z The Downlink mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in 4.1 Rate
z The Downlink mid bit rate threshold is the middle bit rate threshold for adjustment of the traffic
volume in the downlink. When Downlink Rate decrease adjust level is 2_Rates, the middle bit rate
is equal to the RB rate closest to MBR divided by two. The bit rate is calculated in the RNC.
Figure 4-31 shows an example of DL BE rate downsizing and upsizing. In this example, rate
downsizing is triggered by DL basic congestion, and rate upsizing is triggered when basic
congestion is removed. In addition, the current DL rate can be the initial rate, middle rate, or
maximum bit rate.
When the current DL rate is the maximum bit rate, the current rate is downsized to the middle rate if a
DL basic congestion report is received, and the rate is then downsized to the GBR if a second DL basic
congestion report is received.
Figure 4-31 DL BE rate downsizing and upsizing based on DL basic congestion (2)

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4.4.3 Signaling Procedure of Rate Downsizing

This section describes how BE rate reallocation based on basic congestion uses the Uu and
Iub signaling to reconfigure the bandwidth.
UL Signaling Procedure
Figure 4-32 shows the signaling procedure of UL rate downsizing based on the UL cell basic
congestion.
Figure 4-32 Signaling procedure of UL rate downsizing based on UL basic congestion
DL Signaling Procedure
Figure 4-33 shows the signaling procedure of DL rate downsizing based on the DL cell basic
congestion.

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Figure 4-33 Signaling procedure of DL rate downsizing based on DL basic congestion
4.4.4 Rate Upsizing Failure and Penalty

Rate upsizing may fail due to different reasons, such as lack of Iub resources or cell resources,
NodeB exception or UE exception, and so on. When rate upsizing failure happens frequently,
rate upsizing attempts have to be prohibited for a period of time.
At the RNC, the following three factors are used to control the rate upsizing when rate
upsizing failure happens:
z The threshold of number of rate upsizing failures which is set to 4
z The length of the DCCC rate upsizing failure monitoring timer which is set to 60 s
z The length of the DCCC rate upsizing failure penalty timer which is set to 30 s
Figure 4-34 shows the penalty on rate upsizing failure in case of 2_Rates adjustment.

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Figure 4-34 Rate upsizing failure penalty in case of 2_Rates adjustment
In Figure 4-34, the symbols denote as follows:

z 1-8: 4A measurement reports from UE
z S1: cell in the normal state
z S2: cell in the congestion state
z S3: cell state recovered
The procedure of rate upsizing failure penalty is as follows:
Step 1 The DCCC rate upsizing failure monitoring timer whose length is 60 s, is started at the first
failure of the rate upsizing procedure, and the upsizing failure counter is increased each time
rate upsizing fails.
Step 2 The rate upsizing failure counter determines whether to start the DCCC rate upsizing failure
penalty timer.
z If the number of rate upsizing failures equals or exceeds the threshold of rate upsizing
failure times which is set to 4, the DCCC rate upsizing failure penalty timer which length
is 30s is started. No rate upsizing attempt is allowed before this penalty timer expires.
z When the DCCC rate upsizing failure monitoring timer expires, if the number of rate
upsizing failures is less than the threshold of rate upsizing failure times which is set to 4,
go to Step 1.
Step 3 After the DCCC rate upsizing failure penalty timer expires, rate upsizing attempts are allowed.
When a rate upsizing attempt happens, go to Step 1 if the cell is in the congestion state.

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z The upsizing failure counter always works, instead of being valid only during the DCCC rate
upsizing failure monitoring time. The DCCC rate upsizing failure monitoring timers for uplink and
downlink, which have the same length, work independently.
z If the number of rate upsizing failures equals or exceeds the threshold of rate upsizing failure times,
the DCCC rate upsizing failure penalty timer is started, and the DCCC rate up fail monitor timer is
stopped.
z When the cell is in basic congestion state, the services, whose bit rate is lower than GBR, are
allowed to upsize rates. The success of the rate upsizing, however, depends on the related resources
being sufficient.
4.5 UE State Transition Algorithm

After the RRC connection is set up, the RNC observes UE activity and uses the UE state
transition algorithm to transit the UE state.
Figure 4-35 shows the RRC states in UTRA RRC connected mode, including transitions
between UTRA RRC connected mode and GSM connected mode for CS domain services and
transitions between UTRA RRC connected mode and GSM/GPRS packet modes for PS
domain services. Figure 4-35 also shows the transitions between idle mode and UTRA RRC
connected mode, and the transitions within UTRA RRC connected mode. Only the state
transitions within the UTRAN connected mode is described herein.
Figure 4-35 UE state transition and status of the RRC connection
The principles of UE state transition are as follows:

z The state of the UE transits from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH or from CELL_FACH to
CELL_PCH/URA_PCH if the activity of UE decreases.
z The state of the UE transits from CELL_PCH/URA_PCH to CELL_FACH or from
CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH if the activity of UE increases.
At the RNC, the following parameters are available to control the function of UE state
transition:
z PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH

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z PS_NON_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
z HSDPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
z HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
If the above state transition switches are set to on, and:
z The DCCC_SWITCH is on and DCCC strategy is
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH, the UE state transition algorithm starts to work if
the uplink and downlink bit rate equals or falls below the Uplink/Downlink bit rate
threshold for DCCC.
z The DCCC_SWITCH is on and DCCC strategy is RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH, the
UE state transition algorithm always works.
z The DCCC_SWITCH is off; the UE state transition algorithm always works.
The following types of UE state transition are described:
z UE State Transition From CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH
z UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH
z UE State Transition From CELL_PCH to URA_PCH
z UE State Transition From CELL_PCH or URA_PCH to CELL_FACH
z UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
For UE state transition, if the corresponding parameters for the PS' user inactive detecting timer in the
SET PSINACTTIMER command are set too small, the RRC connection is released before state
transition.
4.5.1 UE State Transition From CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH

Figure 4-36 shows the principles of UE state transition from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH.
Figure 4-36 UE state transition from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH
When the RNC receives the 4b event report, the CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition
timer and the uplink and downlink 4b counters are started on the RNC side. If both uplink and
downlink 4b counters of traffic volume event 4b report are greater than or equal to a

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CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold before the timer expires, the UE state
transits from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH when the timer expires.
The CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold is the rounded-down value of the
following formula:
CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold = [CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition
time / (time to trigger + pending time after trigger) x state transition traffic redundancy
coefficient]
Where:
z CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition time, time to trigger, and pending time after
trigger are set through the parameters listed in Table 4-2.
z State transition traffic redundancy coefficient is used to avoid detecting UE in
low-activity state incorrectly due to the loss of measurement reports. The value of this
coefficient is set to 80%.
Table 4-2 Parameters used for UE state transition from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH
Service CELL_DCH to 4b Event Time to Trigger Pending Time After

Type CELL_FACH Threshold Trigger
Transition Time
BE service BE DCH to FACH BE DCH to BE DCH to BE DCH to F/RACH

on the transition timer F/RACH or F/RACH 4b time 4b Pending Time after
DCH F/RACH to PCH to trigger trigger
4b threshold
BE service BE HS-DSCH to BE HS-DSCH to BE HS-DSCH to BE HS-DSCH to

on the FACH transition FACH 4b FACH 4b time to FACH 4b Pending
HS-DSCH timer threshold trigger Time after trigger
Real-time Realtime Traff Realtime Traff Realtime Traff Realtime Traff DCH
PS service DCH or HSPA to DCH or HSPA to DCH or HSPA to or HSPA to FACH 4b
FACH transition FACH 4b FACH 4b time to pending time
timer threshold trigger
BE service BE E-DCH to E-DCH to FACH E-DCH to FACH E-DCH to FACH 4b

on the FACH State 4b Threshold 4b Period Amount Pending Period
E-DCH Transformation To Trigger x Amount After Trigger
Timer E-DCH Throu x E-DCH Throu Meas
Meas Period Period
The state transition from E-DCH to FACH is similar to the state transition from CELL-DCH
to CELL-FACH. The difference is that the measurement quantity of the 4b event is the
throughput value. The throughput measurement period configured on the network side is
E-DCH Throu Meas Period. the threshold configuration value of the associated event 4b is

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also the throughput value which is indicated by the E-DCH to FACH 4b Threshold
parameter.
UE state transition, however, is not applicable in the following cases:
z For BE services on the DCH,
If PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH is set to OFF, or other services which cannot
perform state transition are configured for the UE, no state transition is performed on the
UE. Instead, if both uplink and downlink 4b counters of traffic volume event 4b report
are greater than or equal to a CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold when the
CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition timer expires, the UE is reconfigured to the
low-activity rate that is defined through the Low activity bit rate threshold parameter.
However, if the value of Low activity bit rate threshold is greater than or equal to that
of Uplink/Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC, the reconfiguration to Low activity
bit rate threshold is prohibited.
z For BE services on the HS-DSCH or E-DCH,
If PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH or
HSDPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH/HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH is set to
OFF, or other services which cannot perform state transition are configured for the UE,
the UE does not undergo state transition.
z For real-time PS services,
If PS_NON_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH is set to OFF, or other services which
cannot perform state transition are configured for the UE, the UE does not undergo state
transition.
z For the BE services on the uplink DCH and downlink HS-DSCH, configure time to trigger, pending
time after trigger, and 4b threshold respectively for the uplink and downlink.
z For the BE and real-time services on the uplink and downlink DCH, configure time to trigger,
pending time after trigger, and 4b threshold by using the same parameters for both the uplink and
downlink.
z For the real-time services on the uplink DCH and downlink HS-DSCH, configure time to trigger,
pending time after trigger, and 4b threshold by using the same parameters for both the uplink and
downlink.
z For the BE and real-time services on the uplink E-DCH and downlink DCH or HS-DSCH, configure
time to trigger, pending time after trigger, and 4b threshold respectively for the uplink and downlink.
4.5.2 UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH

This UE state transition occurs when only the BE service of the PS domain exists.
The procedure of UE state transition from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH is similar to that of
UE state transition from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH.
When the RNC receives the 4b report in which the traffic volume is zero, the CELL_FACH to
CELL_PCH transition timer and the uplink and downlink 4b counters are started on the RNC
side. If both uplink and downlink 4b counters of traffic volume event 4b report are greater
than or equal to a CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH transition threshold before the timer expires,
the UE state transits from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH when the timer expires.
The CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH transition threshold is the rounded-down value of the
following formula:
CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH transition threshold = [CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH transition
time / (time to trigger + pending time after trigger) x State transition traffic redundancy
coefficient]

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Table 4-3 lists the parameters used to calculate the threshold for UE state transition from
CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH.
Table 4-3 Parameters used for UE state transition from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH
Service CELL_FACH to 4b Event Time to Pending Time

Type CELL_PCH Threshold Trigger After Trigger
Transition Timer
BE service BE FACH to PCH BE DCH to BE FACH BE FACH to

of the PS transition timer F/RACH or to PCH 4b PCH 4b
domain F/RACH to PCH time to Pending Time
4b threshold trigger after trigger
4.5.3 UE State Transition From CELL_PCH to URA_PCH

This UE state transition occurs when only the BE service of the PS domain exists.
Before the state transition, the state of the UE is CELL_PCH. During the cell reselection, the
UE sends the CELL UPDATE messages. The RNC starts a timer (Cell reselection timer) and
counts the number of CELL UPDATE messages with the cause value of cell reselection.
When the timer expires, the number of CELL UPDATE messages may exceed the threshold
(Cell reselection counter). In this case, the RNC initiates the state transition when the UE
sends the CELL UPDATE message again.
The state transition from CELL_PCH to URA_PCH involves the transient state CELL_FACH, in which
some necessary signaling interaction is performed.
4.5.4 UE State Transition From CELL_PCH or URA_PCH to

CELL_FACH
The state of the UE transits to CELL_FACH when the UE is paged by UTRAN, or the UE
needs to exchange messages with the network.
4.5.5 UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH

The state of the UE transits to CELL_DCH when the UTRAN receives a report which
indicates that the UL or DL traffic volume exceeds a 4a threshold. The 4a threshold
parameters are list in Table 4-4.
Table 4-4 Parameters used for UE state transition from CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
Service 4a Event Target Rate

Type Threshold
BE service on BE F/RACH to z For the uplink, the target rate equals the smaller one
the DCH DCH 4a of MBR and Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC
threshold z For the downlink, the target rate equals the smaller
one of MBR and Downlink bit rate threshold for
DCCC

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Service 4a Event Target Rate

Type Threshold
BE service on BE FACH to z For the uplink:

the HS-DSCH 4a - The target rate equals the smaller one of MBR and
HS-DSCH threshold Uplink bit rate threshold for DCCC for the
transition from FACH to DCH (with HS-DSCH)
- The target rate equals the minimum value among the
configured HSUPA UpLink rate adjust set for the
transition from FACH to UPA (with HS-DSCH)
z For the downlink, the target rate equals the MBR
Real-time PS Realtime Traff MBR
service FACH to DCH
or HSPA 4a
threshold
BE service on FACH to z For the uplink:
the E-DCH E-DCH 4a - The target rate equals the minimum value among the
Threshold configured HSUPA Uplink rate adjust set when
HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to ON
- The target rate equals the MBR when
HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to OFF
z For the downlink:
- The target rate equals the smaller one of MBR and
Downlink bit rate threshold for DCCC when the
downlink channel is DCH
- The target rate equals the MBR when the downlink
channel is HS-DSCH
4.6 Always Online

If there is no data transmission for a PS service of a UE, the connection for the service is
released, but the CN reserves the Packet Data Protocol (PDP) context of the PS service for the
UE.
When the RNC detects that there is no data transmission for a PS service, the RNC sends a
request to the CN for release of the service. The CN initiates the release procedure, and
requests the RNC to release the corresponding radio resources. However, the CN reserves the
PDP context for the PS UE. When the UE reinitiates the service of this PDP context, it does
not have to apply for the PDP context again. Therefore, the PS UE is always online.
For each PS RAB, two PDCP timers are available. They are T1 and T2.
T1 and T2 are RNC-oriented; they can be set differently for the conversational service,
streaming service, interactive service, background service, and IMS signaling. They can be set
through the following parameters:

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z IMS signal T1
z IMS signal T2

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Figure 4-37 shows the PDCP release process.
Figure 4-37 PDCP release process

1. When the PDCP entity of a service is set up, timer T1 is started.
2. When timer T1 expires and the PDCP entity still detects no data packet either in UL or
DL, the PDCP entity sends the request to the RRC layer for the service release and timer
T2 is started.

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3. If the CN does not initiate the service release, and the PDCP still detects no UL or DL
data packet when timer T2 expires, the PDCP entity sends the request again to the RRC
layer for the service release.
− If there is only one RAB for the UE in the PS domain, the RNC sends an IU
RELEASE REQUEST message to the CN.
− If there is more than one RAB for the UE in the PS domain, the RNC sends an RAB
RELEASE REQUEST message to the CN.
The release cause carried in both messages is "User Inactivity".
4. When the CN receives the message, it initiates the release procedure.
The CN reserves the PDP context of the service and the UE does not have to apply for the
PDP context again when it reinitiates the service.
The service release request sent from the PDCP entity may not be processed in time. That is because the
associated processor in the RNC is busy.

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Rate Control Description 5 Link Stability Control Algorithms
5 Link Stability Control Algorithms
The following lists the contents of this chapter:

z Link Stability Control Algorithms for AMR/AMR-WB Speech Services
z Link Stability Control Algorithms for VP Services
z Link Stability Control Algorithms for BE Services
z The link stability control algorithm is applied only to single RAB case.
z To enable link stability control algorithms, the switches of link stability control algorithms must be
set to ON through the SET QOSACT command.
5.1 Link Stability Control Algorithms for AMR/AMR-WB

Speech Services
The link stability control algorithm for AMR/AMR-WB speech services is used to trigger rate
downsizing, inter-frequency handover, or inter-RAT handover when the uplink transmit power
of the UE or downlink transmitted code power of the NodeB exceeds the associated threshold,
so as to guarantee the stability of links.
The actions of the link stability control algorithm for AMR/AMR-WB speech services are rate
downsizing, inter-frequency handover, and inter-RAT handover. They are controlled by
individual switches but are performed in a fixed sequence of rate downsizing, inter-frequency
handover, and then inter-RAT handover. For AMR/AMR-WB speech services, the rate
downsizing refers to the link-quality-based rate downsizing algorithm as described in 3.2.2
UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Action.
5.1.1 Uplink Link Stability Control Algorithm

Measurement Events and Reports
For detailed information about the descriptions and parameters of the related measurement
events, see 3.2.1 UL Measurement and Event Reporting.
Related Actions
z When rate downsizing is configured, that is, when link-quality-based
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm is enabled, if a 6A1 or 6D report is received or the UL

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5 Link Stability Control Algorithms Rate Control Description
AMRC timer (described in 3.2.2 UL AMRC/AMRC-WB Action) is expired, and if the

current rate is GBR, then
− If InterFreq Handover Switch based on Uplink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to
YES, inter-frequency handover is performed.
− If InterRat Handover Switch based on Uplink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to YES,
inter-RAT handover is performed.
− If both switches are set to YES, the inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurement are
started at the same time, and then the RNC decides to perform which type of
handover based on the first report from the UE.
z When rate downsizing is not configured, that is, when link-quality-based
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm is not enabled, if a 6A1 or 6D report is received, then
− If InterFreq Handover Switch based on Uplink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to
− If InterRat Handover Switch based on Uplink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to YES,
inter-RAT handover is performed.
− If both switches are set to YES, the inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurement are
started at the same time, and then the RNC decides to perform which type of
5.1.2 Downlink Link Stability Control Algorithm

z When rate downsizing is configured, that is, when link-quality-based
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm is enabled, the measurement events are events E1 and E2.
For detailed information about the descriptions and parameters of the related
measurement events, see 3.3.1 DL Measurement and Event Reporting.
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm is not enabled, the measurement events are events Ea and
Eb. For detailed information about the descriptions and parameters of the related
measurement events, see 4.3.2 Downlink Quality Measurement and Event Reporting.
For AMR service, the trigger time of event E is set to 640 ms, and the reporting period of event E is set
to 4,800 ms.
Related Actions
z When rate downsizing is configured (that is, when link-quality-based
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm is enabled) and the current rate is GBR, if the average
DPDCH transmit power is lower than the E1 threshold and higher than the E2 threshold
but the AMR/AMR-WB status is "Rate-Down" (described in 3.3.2 DL
AMRC/AMRC-WB Algorithm) or higher than the E1 threshold, then
− If InterFreq Handover Switch based on Downlink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to
− If InterRat Handover Switch based on Downlink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to
YES, inter-RAT handover is performed.
− If both the switches are set to YES, the inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurement
are started at the same time, and then the RNC decides to perform which type of
AMRC/AMRC-WB algorithm is not enabled, if an event Ea report is received, then

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− If InterFreq Handover Switch based on Downlink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to

− If InterRat Handover Switch based on Downlink Traffic AMR/WAMR is set to
YES, inter-RAT handover is performed.
− If both the switches are set to YES, the inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurement
are started at the same time, and then the RNC decides to perform which type of
5.2 Link Stability Control Algorithms for VP Services

The link stability control algorithm for Video Phone (VP) services is used to trigger
inter-frequency handover when the uplink transmit power of the UE or downlink transmitted
code power of the NodeB exceeds the associated threshold, so as to guarantee the stability of
links.

The uplink link stability control algorithm for VP services is related to events 6A1, 6B1, and
6D. For detailed information about the descriptions and threshold parameters of the related
measurement events, see 3.2.1 UL Measurement and Event Reporting.
For VP service, the trigger time of event 6A1 and 6B1 are both set to 640 ms, and the trigger time of
event 6D is set to 240 ms.
Related Actions
When link stability control algorithm for VP services is enabled for uplink (InterFreq
Handover Switch based on Uplink Traffic VP is set to YES), Inter-frequency handover is
performed if an event 6A1 or 6D report is received. For detailed information about the
handover action, see Inter-Frequency Handover.

The downlink link stability control algorithm for VP services is related to event Ea and Eb.
For detailed information about the descriptions and threshold parameters of the related
measurement events, see 4.3.2 Downlink Quality Measurement and Event Reporting.
For VP service, the trigger time of event E is set to 640 ms, and the reporting period of event E is set to
4,800 ms.
Related Actions
When link stability control algorithm for VP services is enabled for downlink (InterFreq
Handover Switch based on Downlink Traffic VP is set to YES), Inter-frequency handover
is performed if an Ea report is received. For details of the handover action, see
Inter-Frequency Handover.

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5.3 Link Stability Control Algorithms for BE Services

The link stability control algorithm for Best Effort (BE) services is used to trigger rate
downsizing, inter-frequency handover, or inter-RAT handover so as to guarantee the stability
of links when the uplink or downlink link quality deteriorates, which is indicated by the high
uplink/downlink transmitted power or the high BLER (for uplink)/high RLC retransmission
rate (for downlink).

For the uplink link stability control algorithm for BE services, the RNC uses events 6A, 6B,
6D, and 5A. For detailed information, see 4.3.1 Uplink Quality Measurement and Event
Reporting.
Triggering Condition
z When Measurement of 6D Switch is ON, event 6D can directly trigger uplink link
stability control action.
z When Uplink QOS Action Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE is SINGLE and
Measurement of 6A1 Switch is ON, event 6A1 can trigger uplink link stability control
action.
z When Uplink QOS Action Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE is SINGLE and
Measurement of 5A Switch is ON, event 5A can trigger uplink link stability control
action.
z When Uplink QOS Action Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE is COMBINE, the
combination of event 6A1 and event 5A can trigger uplink link stability control action.
Related Actions
The related procedure is shown in the following figure.

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Figure 5-1 The related procedure of uplink link stability control algorithm

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Note 1:
The sequence of the link stability control actions is determined by the settings of the
following parameters:
z First Uplink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
z Second Uplink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
z Third Uplink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
Note 2:
A, B, and C in the figure denote the actions as follows:
z A denotes rate downsizing.
z B denotes inter-frequency handover.
z C denotes inter-RAT handover.
Note 3:
The action in the dashed frame can be ignored in a link stability control procedure, if the
last procedure has contained the rate downsizing action and the current rate is above
Uplink Full Coverage Bitrate.
Note 4:
The timer waiting for uplink rate adjustment of traffic BE is specified by the Wait timer
for uplink rate adjustment of traffic BE parameter.
After the uplink link stability control algorithm is triggered, the RNC takes actions on the BE
service in the sequence defined on the LMT. The RNC takes a second action when the
previous action fails. The sequence of the actions is as follows:
z The action defined by the First Uplink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
parameter
z The action defined by the Second Uplink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
parameter
z The action defined by the Third Uplink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
parameter
For detailed information about the rate downsizing action, see 4.3.3 Rate Reallocation Action
Based on Uplink Quality.

For the downlink link stability control algorithm for BE services, the RNC uses events Ea, Eb,
Fa, Fb, and A. For detailed information, see 4.3.2 Downlink Quality Measurement and Event
Reporting.

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Triggering Condition
When determining the downlink link stability control, the following two aspects are taken into
account:
z One is the current transmit power.
When the transmit power of the downlink channel reaches the maximum power, it is an
indication that the radio link is unstable. The following condition must be fulfilled: The
transmit power of downlink channel exceeds the Ea event relative threshold which
equals to 1 dB.
z The other is RLC PDU retransmission rate in AM RLC mode.
When the Srnc Downlink RLC QOS Action Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE is set to
YES, the downlink link stability control algorithm is determined only if the RLC
retransmission rate exceeds the retransmission threshold (that is, Event A threshold,
which equals to 16%).
When the Srnc Downlink RLC QOS Action Trigger Indicator of Traffic BE is set to
NO, related actions are triggered so long as the current transmit power fulfils the criteria.
Related Actions
The related procedure is shown in Figure 5-2.

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Figure 5-2 The related procedure of downlink link stability control algorithm
Note 1:
The sequence of the link stability control actions is determined by the settings of the
following parameters:
z First Downlink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
z Second Downlink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
z Third Downlink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE

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Note 2:
A, B, and C in the figure denote the actions as follows:
z A denotes rate downsizing.
z B denotes inter-frequency handover.
z C denotes inter-RAT handover.
Note 3:
The action in the dashed frame can be ignored in a link stability control procedure, if the
last procedure has contained the rate downsizing action and the current rate is above
Downlink Full Coverage Bit Rate.
After the downlink link stability control algorithm is triggered, the RNC takes actions on the
BE service in the sequence defined on the LMT. The RNC takes a second action when the
previous action fails. The sequence of the actions is as follows:
z The action defined by the First Downlink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
parameter
z The action defined by the Second Downlink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
parameter
z The action defined by the Third Downlink QOS Enhancement Action for Traffic BE
parameter
For detailed information about the rate downsizing action, see 4.3.4 Rate Reallocation Action
Based on Downlink Quality.

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Rate Control Description 6 Rate Control Parameters
6 Rate Control Parameters
This chapter provides information on the effective level and configuration of the parameters
related to rate control.
Table 6-1 lists the parameters related to rate control.
Table 6-1 Parameters related to rate control
Parameter Name Parameter ID Effective Level Configuration

on...
Background service T1 PsInactTmrForBac RNC(SET RNC

PSINACTTIMER)
Background service T2 ProtectTmrForBac RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)
BE DCH To F/RACH 4b Pending D2FTvmPTAT RNC(SET RNC
Time After Trigger UESTATETRANS)
BE DCH To F/RACH 4b Time To D2FTvmTimeToTrig RNC(SET RNC
Trigger UESTATETRANS)
BE DCH To F/RACH Or D2F2PTvmThd RNC(SET RNC
F/RACH To PCH 4b Threshold UESTATETRANS)
BE DCH To FACH Transition DtoFStateTransTimer RNC(SET RNC
Timer UESTATETRANS)
BE E-DCH To FACH State E2FStateTransTimer RNC(SET RNC
Transformation Timer UESTATETRANS)
BE FACH To PCH 4b Pending F2PTvmPTAT RNC(SET RNC
Time After Trigger UESTATETRANS)
BE FACH To PCH 4b Time To F2PTvmTimeToTrig RNC(SET RNC
Trigger UESTATETRANS)
BE FACH To PCH Transition FtoPStateTransTimer RNC(SET RNC
Timer UESTATETRANS)
BE HS-DSCH To FACH 4b BeH2FTvmPTAT RNC(SET RNC
Pending Time After Trigger UESTATETRANS)
BE HS-DSCH To FACH 4b BeH2FTvmThd RNC(SET RNC
Threshold UESTATETRANS)

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6 Rate Control Parameters Rate Control Description

on...
BE HS-DSCH To FACH 4b Time BeH2FTvmTimeToTrig RNC(SET RNC

To Trigger UESTATETRANS)
BE HS-DSCH To FACH BeH2FStateTransTimer RNC(SET RNC
Transition Timer UESTATETRANS)
Be Trigger Time 6A1 UlBeTrigTime6A1 RNC(SET RNC
QUALITYMEAS)
Be Trigger Time 6A2 UlBeTrigTime6A2 RNC(SET RNC
QUALITYMEAS)
Be Trigger Time 6B1 UlBeTrigTime6B1 RNC(SET RNC
QUALITYMEAS)
Be Trigger Time 6B2 UlBeTrigTime6B2 RNC(SET RNC
QUALITYMEAS)
Be Trigger Time 6D UlBeTrigTime6D RNC(SET RNC
QUALITYMEAS)
Be Trigger Time Of Event E DlBeTrigTimeE RNC(SET RNC
QUALITYMEAS)
Be Trigger Time Of Event F DlBeTrigTimeF RNC(SET RNC
QUALITYMEAS)
Cell Reselection Timer CellReSelectTimer RNC(SET RNC
UESTATETRANS)
Channel Class Algorithm Switch ChSwitch RNC(SET RNC
CORRMALGOSWIT
CH)
Conversational service T1 PsInactTmrForCon RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)
Conversational service T2 ProtectTmrForCon RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)
DCCC Strategy DcccStg RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
DL E1 Event Relative Threshold DlThdE1 RNC(SET AMRC) RNC
RNC(SET
AMRCWB)
DL E2 Event Relative Threshold DlThdE2 RNC(SET AMRC) RNC
RNC(SET
AMRCWB)
DL F1 Event Relative Threshold DlThdF1 RNC(SET AMRC) RNC
RNC(SET
AMRCWB)

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on...
DL F2 Event Relative Threshold DlThdF2 RNC(SET AMRC) RNC

RNC(SET
AMRCWB)
Downlink Bit Rate Threshold For DlDcccRateThd RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
DCCC
Downlink Full Coverage Bitrate DlFullCvrRate Cell(ADD RNC
CELLDCCC)
RNC(SET DCCC)
Downlink Mid Bit Rate Threshold DlMidRateThd RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
Downlink Rate Decrease Adjust DlRateDnAdjLevel RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
Level
Downlink Rate Increase Adjust DlRateUpAdjLevel RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
Level
E-DCH Throu Meas Period E2FThrouMeasPeriod RNC(SET RNC
UESTATETRANS)
E-DCH To FACH 4b Pending E2FThrouPTAT RNC(SET RNC
Period Amount After Trigger UESTATETRANS)
E-DCH To FACH 4b Period E2FThrouTimeToTrig RNC(SET RNC
Amount To Trigger UESTATETRANS)
E-DCH To FACH 4b Threshold E2FThrouThd RNC(SET RNC
UESTATETRANS)
Event F Reporting Power Margin PwrMargin Cell(ADD RNC
CELLDCCC)
RNC(SET DCCC)
First Downlink QOS BeDlAct1 RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Enhancement Action For Traffic
BE
First Uplink QOS Enhancement BeUlAct1 RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Action For Traffic BE
Hspa Algorithm Switch HspaSwitch RNC(SET RNC
CORRMALGOSWIT
CH)
HSUPA UpLink Rate Adjust Set EdchRateAdjustSet RNC(SET RNC
EDCHRATEADJUS
TSET)
IMS signal T1 PSInactTmrForImsSig RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)
IMS signal T2 ProtectTmrForImsSig RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)

RAN

on...
Interactive service T1 PsInactTmrForInt RNC(SET RNC

PSINACTTIMER)
Interactive service T2 ProtectTmrForInt RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)
InterFreq Handover Switch Based UlQosAmrInterFreqHoSwitch RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
On Uplink Traffic AMR
InterFreq Handover Switch Based UlQosVpInterFreqHoSwitch RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
On Uplink Traffic VP
InterFreq Handover Switch Based UlQosWAmrInterFreqHoSwit RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
On Uplink Traffic WAMR ch
Low Activity Bit Rate Threshold LittleRateThd RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
Max Mode Of Narrowband CopperMaxMode Cell(ADD RNC
AMRC For Copper Users CELLAMRC)
RNC(SET AMRC)
Max Mode Of Narrowband GoldMaxMode Cell(ADD RNC
AMRC For Golden Users CELLAMRC)
RNC(SET AMRC)
Max Mode Of Narrowband SilverMaxMode Cell(ADD RNC
AMRC For Silver Users CELLAMRC)
RNC(SET AMRC)
Max Mode Of Wideband AMRC CopperMaxMode Cell(ADD RNC
For Copper Users CELLAMRCWB)
RNC(SET
AMRCWB)
Max Mode Of Wideband AMRC GoldMaxMode Cell(ADD RNC
For Golden Users CELLAMRCWB)
RNC(SET
AMRCWB)
Max Mode Of Wideband AMRC SilverMaxMode Cell(ADD RNC
For Silver Users CELLAMRCWB)
RNC(SET
AMRCWB)
Max UL TX power of MaxUlTxPowerforConv Cell(ADD RNC
conversational service CELLCAC)
Measurement Of 5A Switch BeUlQos5AMcSwitch RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Measurement Of 6A1 Switch BeUlQos6A1McSwitch RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Measurement Of 6D Switch BeUlQos6DMcSwitch RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Realtime Traff DCH Or HSPA To RtDH2FTvmPTAT RNC(SET RNC
FACH 4b Pending Time UESTATETRANS)

RAN

on...
Realtime Traff DCH Or HSPA To RtDH2FTvmThd RNC(SET RNC

FACH 4b Threshold UESTATETRANS)
Realtime Traff DCH Or HSPA To RtDH2FTvmTimeToTrig RNC(SET RNC
FACH 4b Time To trigger UESTATETRANS)
Realtime Traff DCH Or HSPA To RtDH2FStateTransTimer RNC(SET RNC
FACH Transition Timer UESTATETRANS)
RL Max DL TX power RlMaxDlPwr Cell(ADD RNC
CELLRLPWR)
Second Downlink QOS BeDlAct2 RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
BE
Second Uplink QOS Enhancement BeUlAct2 RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Srnc Downlink RLC QOS Action SrncBeDlRlcQosSwitch RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Trigger Indicator Of Traffic BE
Streaming service T1 PsInactTmrForStr RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)
Streaming service T2 ProtectTmrForStr RNC(SET RNC
PSINACTTIMER)
Third Downlink QOS BeDlAct3 RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
BE
Third Uplink QOS Enhancement BeUlAct3 RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Uplink Bit Rate Threshold For UlDcccRateThd RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
DCCC
Uplink Full Coverage Bitrate UlFullCvrRate Cell(ADD RNC
CELLDCCC)
RNC(SET DCCC)
Uplink mid bit rate threshold UlMidRateThd RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
Uplink QOS Action Trigger BeUlEvTrigInd RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Indicator Of Traffic BE
Uplink Rate Decrease Adjust UlRateDnAdjLevel RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
Level
Uplink Rate Increase Adjust Level UlRateUpAdjLevel RNC(SET DCCC) RNC
Wait Timer For Uplink Rate AmrUlRateAdjTimerLen RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Adjustment Of Traffic AMR

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on...
Wait Timer For Uplink Rate BeUlRateAdjTimerLen RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC

Adjustment Of Traffic BE
Wait Timer For Uplink Rate WAmrUlRateAdjTimerLen RNC(SET QOSACT) RNC
Adjustment Of Traffic WAMR

RAN
Rate Control Description 7 Rate Control Reference Documents
7 Rate Control Reference Documents
Rate Control Reference Documents lists the reference documents related to the feature.
z 3GPP TS 25.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC)
z 3GPP TS 25.413: UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling
z 3GPP TS 25.415: UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols
z 3GPP TS 25.433: UTRAN Iub interface NBAP signalling
z 3GPP TS 26.101: Mandatory speech codec speech processing functions; Adaptive
Multi-Rate (AMR) speech codec frame structure
z 3GPP TS 26.201: Speech codec speech processing functions; Adaptive Multi-Rate -
Wideband (AMR-WB) speech codec; Frame structure
z 3GPP TS 28.062: Inband Tandem Free Operation (TFO) of speech codecs; Service
description; Stage 3


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Rate Control Description

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2008. All rights reserved.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

1 Rate Control Change History...................................................................................................1-1

Issue 02 (2008-07-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

4.2.3 Signaling Procedure of Rate Reallocation Based on Throughput ......................................................4-18

5 Link Stability Control Algorithms .........................................................................................5-1

6 Rate Control Parameters ...........................................................................................................6-1

ii Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-07-30)

1 Rate Control Change History

Document and Product Versions

Table 1-1 Document and product versions

Document Version RAN Version RNC Version NodeB Version

02 (2008-07-30) 10.0 V200R010C01B061 V100R010C01B050

There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:

Change Change Description Parameter Change

Issue 02 (2008-07-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

Change Change Description Parameter Change

1-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-07-30)

Change Change Description Parameter Change

Issue 02 (2008-07-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-3

Change Change Description Parameter Change

Feature None. The parameters that are changed to be

z Amr trigger time 6A2

z Amr trigger time 6B1

z Amr trigger time 6B2

z Amr trigger time 6D

z Wait Timer for Uplink Rate Adjustment

z Pending time after trigger 4A

z Pending time after trigger 4B

z E-DCH Throu Meas Period

z DCH Throu Meas Period

z Period Amount to trigger 4A on EDCH

z Period Amount after trigger 4A on

z Period Amount after trigger 4B on

z Percent Of Ratio For 144Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 1450Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 16Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 2048Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 256Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 2890Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 32Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 384Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 5760Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 608Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 64Kbps

z Percent Of Ratio For 8Kbps

z Period Amount to trigger 4B on DCH

z Period Amount after trigger 4B after

z DL measurement filter coefficient

1-4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2008-07-30)

Change Change Description Parameter Change

The Link Stability Control None