EaYG1

TASK TYPE
The CAE
writing part I is a formal essay based on a talk/lecture thatthe student has

recently attended. There are always 3 bulletpoints thatthe lecture discussed, of which the candidates
must only address two· There are also some quotes from other attendess/survey people thatcan be

used. The final part the taskwill include question thatthe must
of a
essay answer.

WHAT IS ANESSAY?
An essay is a text of
opinion in which we
analyse a
topic, a situation or a
problem from
differentpoints of view or
by considering several points or solutions to the problem. In
the different paragraphs, deal with each of them and differentfacts, considerations
we
express
and opinions.

CHARACTERISTICS

*PURPOSE TONE
*

GREGISTER
With an
essay, whatwe do is to evaluate Since the essay is a text on a serious or

a topic, situation or problem thati s of some controversial topic, it is

always written in a

interest or
controversy (example:teenage formal context, so
you
should use an objective
mobile phone use). Often, the Writing tone. Furthermore, the linguistic register should

activity is setup as an activity thattakes

always be formal, avoiding common words

place after a class debate, so in the exam, such as

things, stuff, get, etc.,contractions;or
will have to expressions that may
imagine the debate for informal.
sound
you
yourself.

STRUCTURE
*

Like all writings, an

essay has a
fairly well-defined structure, although itis 100%
not
fixed and

unchangeable. To begin with, we can choose to give it a title or not, but, personally, I find it

more
appropiate to write an
essay with a title, because, have
you ever seen a text published
withouta title?Probably As for the body should be divided into the
not. of the text, it
following
paragraphs:introduction, point 1,point 2 and conclusion. In other words:in general, a Cambridge
21 should have 5
essay paragraphs
OPINION
*

In should
an
essay, we remain
impartial throughoutthe whole textand only express our
opinion
atthe

As always, the most important to bear that

end, in the last
paragraph, as a conclusion.
aspect in mind is

you justify everything you say in

your writing and that
your conclusions answers the main
question
of the assignment.

COHERENCE
*
& PROGRESSION

Cherence all but

is essential in
Writings, ⑧

·tr"
especially in the essay. As a
supporting and
Other wise, when they
getto
argumentative text, you cannot write disjointed sentences
the last
paragraph, they
and
paragraphs;the ideas must follow a
logical
and well-connected order,
won'tknow what
you're talking
using connectors appropiate about and will have
to level in this case. In addition, the reader
C1 writing
our

failed catastrophically.
must
percieve a logical progression of paragraphs,
without losing the thread of whatyou are
trying
to
argue.

STRUCTUREIN DETAIL
Usually, our
essay
will respond to the
following structure.

TITLE
*

The title perfectly for the reader the subjectthatwe to deal with the text.
sums
up are
going in

INTRODUCTION
*

As it's name says, the introduction introduces the topic in a general form which includes

the formal question we are

going
to answer, but also in an
interesting way.

TOPIC PARAGRAPHS
*

In the topic paragraphs, we deal with the bulletpoints of the task.

1.Point ->
Summary of the contentof the paragraph
2.
Explain ->
Explanation of the aforehead heraldetstatement

3. Example->Strengthen
3. Evaluate
Strengthen
->
your
your
explanation
statementwith
with

a
a
significantexample.
contrast.

CONCLUSION
*

In the conclusion, we answer the taskquation very clearly.

PLANNING PROCESS

1. Read
the task underline the most
carefully and
important parts. Remember:fows on the question
that answers?.
your essay must

2. Drainstorm ideas based on the 3 bulletpoints.

3. Choose the two bullet

points you have the mostideas about

4. Drainstorm to
ways express your ideas and the grotes in the task using advanced grammar.
↳.
(Inversions, double comparatives, participle clases, advanced linkers...)

5. Plan
your introduction and remember to include an
interesting way to introduce the topic and

the formal questions thatthe essay will answer.

6. Plan conclusion:Focus the question 1.

your
on
answering you underlined in Step

7. Write 8
Essay writing is not thatdifficult if
8. Read
carefully checking for: know what
doing. For most

↓
->
you you're
Repetition of words/structures.
students, essay writing feels like an

->
Contractions obstacle that
they won'tbe able to
->
Boring/informal vocabulary clear when, in fact, it is not as bad as

->
soFurthermare/moreover.
you mightthink. Just like every
->
because es are lowing to the fact that other Writing taskin (1 Advanced, you
->
Athough - In
spite the fact that.
of
can
apply a
specific structure because
->
Rever is nonetheless / nevertheless. the differenttasks share the same
->
Have answered the question completely? characteristics.
you

&
obviously, the topic changes from one

taskto another, but, essentially, is like

repeating the same task over and over

again.
Esa AmateAFE
INTRODUCTION
1. In this day and
age
...

2.
(Topic is a
hotly-debated topic that often divides opinion.
3.
(Topic is a
growing issue in
today's society.
h. We live in an
age when many of us.

More and
families to
5. more are
choosing ...

6. The trend nowadays is toward ...

7. Over the ten the media have

past years or so
frequently carried reports of
8. Recent
research indicates that ...

9.
Hardly a week
goes by without another
reportof
...

10.
Although most
people would generally agree that
...
few would deny that...

Recently,
1. we all have become concerned that
...,
12.
Consequently, some
governments are looking forward to ...

13. There has recently been a steep decline in...

14. There has recently been a sharp increase in...
15. As clear thatthe role
society becomes increasingly complex and interconnected, it is
of
... has never been more important
human
26. From the earliest civilization to the present day, ...
has played a vital role in

world
shaping our
understanding of it.
and our

pace of technological developmentand the increasing sophistication of

17. With the rapid

artificial intelligence, the future of both

exciting and uncertain. ...
is

SECOND PARAGRAPH
1. ...
clearly/undoubtedly has an
impacton ...
THIRD PARAGRAPH
2. Itis commen
knowledge that
...
plays a crucial rols in... 2. Another factor to consider is ...

3. Itis undoubtedly the case that. . . 2. On the other hand/in contrast...

4. There is little doubtthat. . . 3.It is

often claimed that. . .

5.
... i s
widely believed to contribute to ...
2. All the evidence
suggests that ..

6. Itis generally considered that. . .

7. Recentresearch that. . .
suggests
8.Studies have stown that. .. has impact/influence
an on ...

9. Few would contest /dispute the fact that

people ...
PARAGRAPH INTERNAL STRUCTURE
A paragraph should always be structured as
follows:

1.Point->
Summary of the contentof the paragraph
2.
Explain ->
Explanation of the aforehead statement
heraldet

E Example->Strengthen
3. Strengthen explanation with
your a
significantexample-
3. Evaluate ->

your
statementwith a contrast.

TOPI) SENTENCE EXPLANATION

1.It is said/believed/thoughtthat.... 1.
Owing to ...

2. It is commen belief... 2. Due to ...

3. Itis that Dve to the fact that

undoubtedly the case ... 3.

7. There are those who claim that ...

2.
Owing to the fact that
...
is
thought/said/believed to be ...

EXAMPLE CONTRAST/ADDITION
1. For instance, 1. On the other hend,
An obvious example of this
2.
is ...
2. In contrast,
3. A
clear 3. Nevertheless,
example
of this is ...

2. This is illustrated by ...

h. Nonetheless,
5. As a case in
point... 5. Further more
6. Moreover
7. On top of that
EXPRESSING ANOPINION COMMONLY HELD VIEWS
Itis 1. No would fact that
1.
probably true to
say that. .. one
dispute the . ..

2. There can be no doubtthat... 2. Few people would contestthe fact that...

REFERING TO SOURCES
All the evidence
1.
suggests that..
2. A
recent proved that
survey
. ..

3. Interviews with (...) have revealed that ...

2.
Zudging by the comments made by ...

CONCLUSION
1. In lightof the above,...
2.
Taking all this into consideration/account,...
3. As far as I
am concerned,...

4.... is the most

efective way to ... due to the fact that . ..

5. I
firmly believe that ... is more
effective due to the fact that. . .
6. Despite the fact that. . .
undoubtedly plays a role in ...

7.
Taking the aforementioned points into consideration, Istrongly believe thatthe most

to
productive way
...
would be ...
 EnaY MakamaLARI
ADVERBS
-

Increasingly -Particularly -

Certainly -

Invariably
-

Absolutely
-

Somehau -

Virtually -

Accordingly
Somewhat
Especially Eventually Recently
- - -
-

Soley es únicamente -Parely Essentially Comparatively

-
-
-

Correspondingly Effectually Undeubtedly Doubtless

- -
- -

Hardly Repeatedly
- -

Scarcely Definitely
-
-

ADJECTIVES
-

Important -

Sufficient
-

Possible -

Increasing
-

Significant
-
Consistent -

Impossible -

Decreasing
-
Vital
-

Sustainable -

Definite -Dramatic
-

SalientE destacado -

Variable -

Ultimate -
Noticable
Considerable Tangible Substential Distinct
- -
- -

-
Inevitable -
Constant

FORMAL VERBS
-

Herald anunciar -Follow ~

Address -
Purchase

-Encompass -
Precede - Conceire -

Obtain

Request Seek Proced Perform

-
- -
-

Permit Assist
-
-

PREPOSITIONAL VERBS
-

Lead to -

Protect against -

Preventfrom
Provide with Contribute to Substitute for
-
-
-

Result -Benefit from -Accountfor es

-

in dar explicacional

Arise from derivarsede Stem from exprovenir Add to

- -

de
-

Resort to e recurrir a
-
Abide by exatenerse a
-

Aim ates to
plan
-

Hanker For anhelar

-

Concentrate on
-

Consentto
-Refer Insist
-

to on
ACADEMIC VERBS

Analyze:To examine
something in detail, typically for the purpose of explanation
or interpretation

Synthesize:To combine or blend

differentideas or elements into a coherentwhele.

Dissect:To break down into its closer examination.

constituentparts
for a

Explicate:To explain or
clarify the
meaning of something.

Elucidate:To make something dear or explain in

it detail.

Substantiate:to provide evidence or

supportfor something.

Contradict:To the
assert
opposite of something or show thati tis untrue.

Refute:To prove something to be

false or incorrect.

Propagate:To spread or
promote an idea or
belief.

Articulate:To express an idea or thoughtclearly and

effectively, often used to

communication.
describe
effective
Convey:To comunicateor something, often used the contextof
express in

idea.
conveying a message or

Serive:To obtain deduce something from principle, often

or a
given source or

used in the context of delineating a process or

concept.

Emphasize:To give importance or

significance to something.

Incompass:To include or contain

something, often used in the context
of
encompassing a wide range of ideal or concepts.
Extrapolate:To extend or
projectsomething beyond its currentstate, often
used in the contextof extrapelating trend or a concept.

Imply:To something, often

hintat used the contextof implying
suggestor in

a conclusion or
meaning.
 RER 61
WHAT IS A REPORT?
A formal position Therefore,
report is a
piece of writing for someone in a ofauthority.
it should not include contractions, phrasal verbs or idioms. In a be
report, they may more than

one aspectto bear in mind:

->
Describing a
past experience
-
a course
you took, a trip you wenton ...

Describing the
->
currentstate of
something traffic, congestion, recycling facilities...
-

->
Giving recommendations for improvement

REPORTS AREEASY?
Writing a
good report is
really difficult. As every writing taskin
not that in CAE, there are
very
clear criteria that orientation and framework which you to achieve
give you a can use success.

All reports tasks

usually share certain characteristics so they pretty similar, which are means for
you thatyou can
practise and learn to recognise these typical features. This way, you can become better

and will turn into task for

quickly writing reports an
easy you

CHARACTERISTICE

There
always three
-

to deal with
are main
topic points for you in a report, so
you can make a

mental note of this.

In formal English
-

a
report, we should use as we are, generally, writing to a
person
who has
a
higher position than us. In formal English, you should not use
any contractions, colloquial
expressions or informal phrasal verbs and idioms.

E
keep also in mind that
your use of register is
part of your marks so be careful with it

and make sure to do the

it
rightway.
STRUCTUREIN DETAIL
Once have
figured out whatthe topic of whatexactly have to include and what
you your report is, you
the appropiate register and tone is, it time to think how to organise The good thing
most is
your report.
is, that you can structure
every report in the same
way.

INTRODUCTION
*

Areportis a factual piece of writing meaning

it doesn't have to sound very sensational, butit should
be
clearly structured and rather descriptive and
evaluating. Therefore, it is
very importantthat
your introduction makes it clear what the purpose of the report is and what
you are
going
to

write about. Furthermore, try not to

simply copy the wording from the task, butinstead
to show the examiner that understand
paraphrase and use
your own words
you fully
whati s expected from you.

*
MAIN PARAGRAPH I

In the main
paragraph I, you deal with the firsttopic point of the task.

MAIN PARAGRAPH I
*

In the main
paragraph II, you deal with the second topic point of the task.

CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATION
*

Lastbut not least, we need one last

short paragraph to wrap up our
report. Whatyou write in

in
your
conclusion depends on the things you mentioned in the main section and the exact requirements
in the task. Most of the time, you have to make a recommendation so it is
important to use some
persuasive

language (after all, you wantthe person who reads to follow

your report your recommendation).

ALWAYS MAKE APLAN

One of the biggestmistakes made
by students is thatthey look atthe taskand then startto write their

reportstraightaway. Halfway through the task, they realise thattheir text isn't
structured logically, they
panic and
change everything justto run out
of time. So, make the
don't same mistake?
Setting up a
plan
takes minutes, butitcan
3-5 lot because know exactly whatto include in text,
you
save
you a more
you your
so
you can stay fowsed but also relaxed.
 RERE ARRAIE
INTRODUCTION
1. This
report
is intended to
highlight (topic), and give ideas for improving the ....

2. The final section makes recommendations about...

3. The main
purpose/aim of this is to
report outline/present/discuss/examine/evalvate ...

2. The to
relates to
following report my recentvisit
...

5. This sets outto es Este reporte tiene

report
...
come
objetivo...
6. B elow is an
explanation of ...

7. This report report will offer an in depth critique of ...

8. This reportis based on the findings/results ofan extensive

survey completed by ...

9. The aim of this

report is to evaluate the currentstate of (...). This reportis

based the results Itwill the

on
of an extensive survey completed bys...). present
results of
give recommendations regarding...
the
survey and go on to

CURRENT SITUATION
Following
1. a
survey among
...
carried at ...,
out the ... was described as...
2.Not only is it widely believed to have been ...,
but also ...

3. Nevertheless, there is minority a who does notshare the

general belief/view
4. There has been a great deal of
controversy over...

5. Itis
therefore widely believed that world be
necessary.
...

GREAT ISSUE ABOUT THEEVENT

1.With regard to the success of the event, the reasons are the following....
2. It is clear from (...)'s feedback, thatthe eventhas helped them ...

3. In addition to this, they were also advised to ...

BENEFITS & DRAWBACKS
1.
(Verb+ing) will only have not a considerable number of benefits, butit could also have some

drawbacks/disadvantages
2. It
goes withoutsaying that I... will have
many advantages.
3.
Although there's widespread a
agreement...
4. Despite all these positive aspects, (...) has also some downsides. The major drawback of it is that
...

Itis clear from customers feedback.

STRENGTHS
The (...) country underbtedly many strengths
1. in this has such as ... and ...

(...) due to
2. is
particularly effective the fact that ...

3. (...) has achieved impressive results owing to ...

2. Another clear
strong point is...

5. (...) is
something the country can be prord of dueto ...

WEAKNESES
1. Despite the strengths mentioned above, there are also some areas that
require
attention.
2. (...) is
failing to live up to expectations because ...

3. Another clear weakness is ...

4. (...) leaves a lot to be desired.

5. (...) not to the standard.

is
up required

GENERAL OPINION/INFO
1. (...) is considered/thought/ said to be ...

2. (...) is
highly regarded in (place) es bas a
good reportation
3. There is a widespread agreementthat ...

4. Opinions are divided regarding ...

5. Itis common
knowledge that. . .

6. Recentresearch indicates that ...

7. Interviewees who had

first-hand knowledge of the situation stated ...

8. There is considerable disagreement regarding ...

SURVEY RESULTS
1. Virtually
everyone
who completed this
survey stated that
...

2. Over X% of these interviewed stated that ...

The
3. vast
majority of people interviewed believe that. ..
7. A
small percentage of these surveyed agree/disagree with ...

RECOMMENDATIONS + IMPROVEMENTS
1. First and foremest, itis suggested that. ..

2.
According to (...)'s belief/view...
3. With regard to (verb+ing), recommendations are as
follows:Firstand foremest, we oughtto
my
...

4. Further more/In addition to this, must also we take into accountthat...

5. Urgentimprovement is needed in the field of ...

6. In believe the be adopted.

light the
of above, we
following measures should

CONCLUSION
1.Despite a
few problems related to ... which could be easily solved;the (...)'s advantages
drawbacks.
clearly overweightits
2. Were world have
(...) created/improved, it an enermous
impacton ...

3. I
hope the recommendations outlined in this report will receive
your serious consideration

so as to
improve the ...

4. I hope the recommendations outlined in this could meet

report your approval
5. Should the recommendations outlined in this reportbe carried out, Ihave no doubtthat
(...) will be a
resounding success.
 DeRE HatautaAig
SYNONYMS
-
CAUSE

Lead to ·Bring about ·Contribute to

·Resulti n ·Give rise to To be the deciding factor
·

Be
responsible for ·

Trigger

->
EFFECT
·

Impacton ·Affect -Implications

Influence on -Influence

->

EMPHASIZING

It should be nated that Is matter of

...
a
greatweightiness
It worth
bearing in mind.... To vital
is
play a
part in...
To crucial role
play a in ...

->

PROBLEMS
Issul Trouble ·Dilemma
-
·

Challenge
·

Setback ·Vicious circ

-Difficulty ·Obstac -Complication

INCREASE
->

Increase by (percent
·

Grow Quadruple
-
Go -Expand
·

Growth
up
·Triple ·Double

=>
DECREASE

Decrease by (percent) Fall ·Decline

·

Go dwn ·Drop
->

ADVANCED

·Sophisticated. High-tech-equipment State -

of the-art technologie
=>

BORING
.
Dull ·
Tedious ·Montoneus. Uninspiring
->

UGLY PLACES
Unattractive.
Unpleasant. Unsightly. Itidors. Filthy
->

IN BAD CONDITION

·Dilapidated Run-down

->

NEN
·
datest .

Brand-new . Innevative

->

OLD
·Old-fashioned .
Outdated ·
Obsolete

VEbsolutly. Extremely. Highly. Incredibly.Remankably

->

GOOD FOR A
PURPOSE
->

·Suitable. Right. Proper. Appropiate. Besuited to

WRONG INFORMATION
->

·Incorrect. Inaccurate. Misleading

->

NOT REASONABLE
Unjustified Unreasonable Withoutgood
·

reason

->

PUBLI) SERVICES
·

Facilities Amenities
 =>

ADMIRE

·Respect Think highly of Highly regardet

·

-Look up to Here a high Highly respected

opinion of

COMPARISONS
->

a
greatdealt comparative a
bit/slightly/barely + comparative

DESCRIBING FACILITIES POSITIVE

Ample:Describes a
facilitythat is
spacious
and has planty of room.

Pristine:Describes a
facility that is in
perfectcondition, immaculate and well-
maintained.

Exceptional:Describes a
facility thatis outstanding and superior in
quality.

High-end:Describes a
facility that is
technologically advanced and

equipped with the

concierge
latest service.

Lavish:Describes a
facility thatis extravagantand luxurious in design decor,
and amenities.

Upgraded:Describes a
facility thathas been improved or renovated to
better amenities
provide or services.

Well-appointed:Describes a
facility thatis
furnished and equipped
with high-quality materials and amenities.

Premium:Describes a
facility that is
of exceptional quality, luxury and exclusivity,
catering to a
discerning clientele.
Impecable:Describes facility a thatis
flawlers, perfectand without
any
amenities.
flaws, providing the highestlevel of service and
DESCRIBING FACILITIES -

NEGATIVE

&ilapidated:In a state
of disrepair or
decay; runkown.

Decrepit:Worn or
out ruined because of age or
neglect.
Ramshackle:In state disrepair and likely to collapse.
a
of severe

Rundown:In state due to neglect.

a
poor of repair or condition

Derelict:Abandoned state neglected.

and in a
poor of repair;

Deteriorating:Gradually becoming worse or less valuable over time.

Neglected:tacking proper care or

attention; not maintained.

Shabby:In poor
condition duetoage, wear or
neglect.

Worn-out:Damaged or deteriorated due to use

orage.

Decayed: Haring fallen into a state of disrepair or decomposition.

Inadequate:Notsufficient or suitable for a

given purpose;insufficient
or
lacking
in
quality quantity.
or

Unsanitary:Unclean or
unhygienic, posing a risk to health or well-being.

Substandard:Falling below an acceptable level or

quality; meeting
not established
standards.

Dysfunctional:Not functioning properly; not

working shared
as it be.

Obsolete:Outdated or no
longer in use; surpassed by more modern or
effective alternative.
DESCRIBING COURSES

Intensive:Describes thatis rigurous, to be

a course
foused and designed
shorter time
completed in a
frame.
Immersive: Describes thatis
a course
designed provide a fully
to immersive

experience, with
emphasis on
practical, real-life knowledge.

Tailored: Describes a course thatis customized to meetthe

specific
needs and individual students.
goals of

Interactive:Describes that active engagement,

a course
emphasizes participation and

with opportunities for group work, discussion and

feedback.

Rigorous:Describes a course thatis

challenging, demanding and
requires a
high level of
and dedication.
effort

Interdisciplinary:Describes a course that

integrates knowledge and methods
from multiple
fields or disciplines.

Experiential: Describes a course thatemphasizes

practical, hands -

on
learning through
real world experiences, such as internships, fieldwork or simulations.

Lecture-based:Describes a course that

emphasizes lectures, presentations, and
discossions the mode of instruction.
group as
primary
DESCRIBING RESOURCES

Abundant:Describes a plantiful amountof resources available

for learning, incluiding
books, articles, videos, tools ...

Diverse:Describes a wide
variety of resources available for learning, representing
differentperspectives, genres and
for mats.

Interactive:Describes thata re designed learners and

resources to
actively engage
promete participation, feedback and collaboration.

Comprehensive:Describes resources thatcovere broad

range of topics, concepts and

skills within a subjectarea.

Tailored:Describes that customized to meetthe needs

resources are
specific and

goals of individual learners, based on their

learning styles, preferences and
progress.

Multimodal:Describes resources thatu se

differentmodes of representation and

expression, such as text, image, audio and video to

support diverse learning
styles and
preferences.

Rigorous:Describes resources thatprovide challenging and

demanding learning
designed to stretch and develop learner's abilities and skills.
experiences,

Authoritative:Describes resources thatare reliable, accurate, and

trustworthy
sources
of information, endersed
by experts and scholars in the field.
 PrRapaS
DEFINITION
A proposal is a
formal written documentthatoutlines a plan, idea or solution to
address a
specific issue or achieve a
particular goal. Itis
typically presented to

a person, organization or
entity for consideration and approval

Proposals are used in various antexts, such as business, academia, governmentand

nature
research, and they can
very length and complexity depending
in on the

the
of proposal and the
requirements of the recipient.

PARTS
A proposal has in
general 3
parts. Of course, the topic changes from task to
task, butif you understand the essence, will be able to this
you apply
knowledge to
every future
task.

INTRODUCTION
*

A proposal is rather factual and informative piece of writing so itis not

a

to make itsound
happy sensational (e, would in a
your job
or as
you
review or
possibly an informal letter). Therefore, your introduction should
getstraightto the point,thatis, say whatthe proposals purpose and what is

to include.
you
are
going
&.
Itis also
importantto note that should never
justcopy the words
you
from the task, butparaphrase them and use
your
own words instead.

TOPIC
* PARAGRAPHS
In
your topic paragraphe, you
deal with the three main differentpoints from
the task. You are
required
not to make this sound sensational, butrather
informatual and factual.
TOPIC
* PARAGRAPHS
In
your topic paragraphe, you
deal with the three main differentpoints from
the task. You are
required
not to make this sound sensational, butrather
informatual and factual.

Atthe same time, however, are trying to convince someone to consider

your
you
proposal so you need to use language to make suggestions and to be persuasive.

Your paragraphs should also getheadings so what

it becomesevident
you are

talking aboutin each section.

CONCLUSION
*

Lastbut not least, we need a nice and short conclusion to lastrecommendation

give a

You should
try to convince the reader of your idea one more time.

ALWAYS MAKE APLAN

One of the biggestmistakes made
by students is thatthey look atthe taskand then startto write their

reportstraightaway. Halfway through the task, they realise thattheir text isn't
structured logically, they
panic and
change everything justto run of time.
out So, make the
don't same mistake?
Setting up a
plan
takes minutes, butitcan
3-5 lot because know exactly whatto include in text,
you
save
you a more
you your
so
you can stay fowsed but also relaxed.
 Para empateAFE
INTRODUCTION

This
1. proposal is intended to highlightmy new plan and explain the sort
of
supportthatwould be needed.
2. This
proposal intended is to highlightthe currentproblem related to the lack
of ... and give ideas for improving ... in order to ...

3. The
principal aims/objectives of this proposal are to ...

CURRENT SITUATION/BACKGROUND INFORMATION

1.
Following a
survey among ... carried out at..., the situation was described as ...

As the
2.
government/board
of directors may be aware, there are some aspects
in thatneed to be improved. As
...
case in point,... a

3. With
regard to ..., the general view seems to be that ...

4.
Comments made atthe end of the questionnaties suggest...
5.Concerned members
of ...

6. A number of concerns with regard to were expressed by ...

...

BENEFITS
1. Perhaps the most efective way to ...
would be ...

Itgoes without would

2.
saying that ... world not
only ..., but
also it ...

3. The sooner ... the better ...

SUPPORTS NEEDED

As
1. be aware, there are some supports thatwill be needed.
...

may
will
2.
Verbting be ..., betwe will
not need a high-tech equipment.
RECOMMENDATIONS
In
1.
lightofthe aforementioned problems, we believe the following measures

should be adopted:
2.First and foremest:
3. Verb is another i s believed
measure that to betaken into account.
ing ...

4. Furthermore, a should be created and made available to all

... to
help ... them...
5. It world be also aladvantage to implement /have a new/give the option to ...

6. One idea to putforward...

CONCLUSION

1. Were these recommendation to be implemented, the currentsituation is definitely

thought to improve.
2. Shoved these recommendations be carried out, the ...
is bound to be a
resounding success.
3. hope the
I recommendations outlined this proposal will receive
in
your serious
consideration to
so as
improve the ...
 Fama EEEEEERE
CAMBRIDGEDEFINITION
Aletter is written in
response
to the situation outlined in the tack. Getters in the

11 Advanced Writting paper

will require a
response
which
consistently appropiate
is

for the specified target reader. In a formal letter, candidates can expect to be
asked to write to, for the editor of to
example, a
newspaper or
magazine,
the editor of a
company, or
to a school or
college principal.

Letters will be limited to

not a narrative element, butwill also require candidates
to carry out other functions, for example, to reassure
somebody, to correcta

misunderstanding, or to
justify a course of action.

Cambridge English Advancets

PARTS Handbook
fors Teachers
LUTATION
The salutation or
greeting is
basically a differentexpression for saying "hello"
to someone.

INTRODUCTION
*

In the introduction, you have to state why you writing or react

are
you may
to someone else's
message.

PARAGRAPHS
#PIC
Once
you're
done with the introduction,
you can
getstraightinto the main
of
part
letter. The topic paragraphs the most importantsections and
your are you
wantto make that detailed response.
you give
sure a

* & CLOSING FORMULA

FINAL SENTENCE
To finish off letter, still need final sentence
our we a nice and
closing formula, which,
in formal letters, should remain
formals
TYPES OF FORMALLETTER

LETTER OF APPLICATION
*
letter
A of application is always formal in
style unles the question explicitly
states otherwise. Its to a candidate and outline his
suitability
purpose is
propose
for a
particular position.

Description
*
(of a
person's character
and
strengths), explanation and justification
are importantfunctions in a letter of application.

LETTER OF
* COMPLAINT
Complaintletters are written to the concerned authorities when
you are not

satisfied with some service, or

you
have a
problem thatneeds to be addressed.
See to itthat write the letter in a polite manner, and thatthe format
you
the letter.
of a
complaintletter follows formatof a
formal

LETTERS TO THEEDITOR
*

Letters to the editor are

found in
newspapers. They are written by members

of the
public, as
opposed to
newspaper staff, and
give somebody's opinion
Letters
a currentissue.
about to the editor are
formal letters, but
you
will observe
they have resemblances with
striking an
essay.
 EERHat ameaNAT
TEMPLATE

SALUTATION

1. Bear Sir/Madam
may
2. To whom it concern

OPENING

1. I to with
writing express my disappointment
am ...

2. I
am
writing to
express my dissatisfaction with ...

3. I
would like to
lodge e
formal complaintagainstyour company for the reasons

outlined below.

2. I feel compelled to write to

you
in order to describe the
worfully inadequate
service at
...

LISTING PROBLEMS

1. Firstof all...
2.Not
only butalso
. . .
. . .

On top
of that

=
. ..

As thatwas not enough

if ...

Whatis more...

In addition to this...
COMPLAINING EXPRESSIONS

1. The standard the

of ...
was
severely lacking.
2. The ...
was up
not to the
expected standard.

3. The ...

left a to be desired.
let

4. The ...

failed to expectactions.
live up
to our

5. The ...

fell well
of
short
expectations. our

6. We were
leftbitterly disappointed by
7. The
quality of the customer service received we was
woefully inadequate.
8. The ...
was an disgrace.
absolute
9. The ...
was
absolutely disgraceful.
10. Overall, our visit to
your (...) was
unmitigated
an disaster from startto
ginish.
1. As a result of the ...,
we were
forced to ...

EMPATHIC LANGUAGE

No
1. sooner had we ...
than ...

WhatIfound more
2.
disappointing was ...

3. 50 was the that

por
...
...

4. At no time were we...

5. Never before have I seen experienced ...

6. Had Iknown that..., I

would have
not ...

REQUESTING ACTION

1. It seems only fair that

you
should ...

(toffer full refund).

a

I would
2.
appreciate itif you
...

3. Iwould be
gretegulig you...
4. Should this demands be
not met, will
I be leftwith no to take
choice but legal action
5. I
expectto receive
compensation to the tune
of (...) for the...
MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS

I
2.
strongly recomment that
your organization...
2. It would be advisable to ...

3.Isuggestre-evalvating yourprocederesreganaon world underbtedly inceen

CLOSING FORMULA

I look to
1.
forward receizing your reply.
2. Iexpectto to this letter.
receive a
promptreply

SIGN OFF

1. Yours faithfully,
Name.
 EERHat ameaNAT
VOCABULARY >

ADJECTIVES

Disgruntled:Expressing or
showing discontent or
anger.

Inadequate:Insufficientor good enough not

Unacceptable:otsatisfactory or alborable.

Dissatisfied:Notpleased or contentwith
something.

Defecting:Notworking properly or
having faults.
Negligent:Failling to take proper care in
doing something.

Substandard:Below the usual or

expected standard.

Un professional:Not exhibiting the level

of professionalism expected in a
given
situation.

Unresponsive:otresponding or
reacting to something.

Incompetent:Lacking the
necessary
skills or abilities to de something.

Inexcusable:Unable to be excused.
justified or

Inflexible:Not able to be changed or adapted easily.

In considerate:Gacking the feelings others.

concern for or needs
of

Unjustified:ot having a valid reason or

explanation.
 RRLITEN
ETER H
TEMPLATE

SALUTATION

1. Dear

2. To
Sir/Madam,
whom it
may concern.
↳wwhen you
don'tknow who
you are
writing to

3
3. Dear
Hiring Managen
When know aboutthe position
4. Dear Search Committee, you only
Dear Human Resources of the person are
writing to.
" Manager, you

7.Dear (...)
Manager,

INTRODUCTION

1. Iam
writing in
response to your advertisementin ...
(name of
publication).
2. I am interested in
applying for the role of ... (name of job).

FIRST PARAGRAPH

1. As will see from attached CV, Ihave spentthe last (...) at

you my years
...).
During this period I was
promoted from (...) to the
position of (...).
I was
responsible for (...) and (...), as well as (...) and (...). I had the

priceledge/opportunity to learn/improve/ develop (...) and (...).

THIRD PARAGRAPH

1.Given the have

I (...),
experience acquired at I consider myself well-equiped
to
respond to
challenge of working in your (...).
the
feel I have the
I
necessary
personal qualities to deal with the demands of the post. For instance, I
see

myself as (...) person who works well under pressure.

a
My experience working
with...) at (...) has helped me to be more (...) and (...).

FOURTH PARAGRAPH

1.I would
therefore be grateful if you
could consider my application. I am
available interview between the (...) of (...).
for (...) and the I look

forward to
heaving from you.

2.
Taking all this into account, hope that
I
you
will consider
my application.
I am

interview between thes...) (...). I look

available for and the (...)
of forward
to
hearing from you

3. Thank
you will
the time to read
you for taking my application, I hope consider me
I
for the post. am available
for the interview between the (...) and the (...) of
look
...). I forward to hearing from you.

CLOSING FORMULA

1. Yours faithfully,
Name.
 RRLITEN
ETER H
VOCABULARY>

ADJECTIVES

Profficient:Having a
high degree of skill or
expertise in
something.
Dilligent:Showing care and
effortin one's work or duties

Proactive:Taking action to preventproblems before they ocur

Versatile:Abl to adaptto different situations and tasks.

Accomplished:Haring achieved a
high level
of skill or success in a
particular field
Resilient:Able to recover
quickly from difficulties or setbacks.

Meticulous:Showing greatattention to detail and

accuracy