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1.

Regular Plural Forms


1.1. How to form the plural
We form the plural by adding -s to the singular of the noun.
Singular Plural

a car two cars

a cassette two cassettes

a lamp two lamps

a hat two hats

a cup two cups

1.2. Nouns ending in sibilants


Add -es. Add -s if the noun ends in one -e.
Singular Plural

a box two boxes

a sandwich two sandwiches

a suitcase two suitcases

a rose two roses

a garage two garages

1.3. Nouns ending in -y


1.3.1. y after consonant
Change -y to -i, then add -es.
Singular Plural

a city two cities

a lady two ladies

There are two forms of the plural of the word penny:


 pennies → You refer to the single coins.
 pence →You refer to the price (how much sth. is).
1.3.2. y after vowel
Add -s after a vowel.
Singular Plural

a boy two boys


Singular Plural

a day two days

1.4. Nouns ending in -f or -fe


1.4.1. Add -s
Singular Plural

a roof two roofs

a cliff two cliffs

a sheriff two sheriffs


1.4.2. Substitute with -ves
Singular Plural

a thief two thieves

a wife two wives

a shelf two shelves

Both forms are possible with the following nous:


 scarf → scarfs/scarves
 hoof → hoofs/hooves
Add -s for words ending in -ff.
1.5. Nouns ending in -o
1.5.1. Add -s
Singular Plural

a disco two discos

a piano two pianos

a photo two photos


1.5.2. Add -es
Singular Plural

a tomato two tomatoes

a potato two potatoes

a hero two heroes

Both forms are possible with the following nous:


 buffalo → buffalos/buffaloes
 mosquito → mosquitos/mosquitoes
 tornado → tornados/tornadoes
2. Irregular Plural Forms
Singular Plural

a man two men

a woman two women

a child two children

a mouse two mice

a tooth two teeth

a goose two geese

a foot two feet

an ox two oxen

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