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UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD
ONLINE WORKSHOP - JUL/AUG. 2020

EXISTENTIALISM
in
Philosophy of Education
CC 8609 - B.Ed.

Presented by:
Ch. M. Ashraf
m.ashraf0919@gmail.com
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
Telegram: https://t.me/duhdra
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Existentialism

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Introduction
According to Dr.Rada Krishnan “existentialism is a
new name for an ancient method”. And according to
J.Blackham, existentialism "appears to be the
reaffirming in modern idiom the protestant or the
Stoic form of individualism".

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Existentialism is a 20th century philosophy that

is centered upon the analysis of existence.

Existentialism is a philosophy concerned with

the finding self and the meaning of life through free
will, choice and personal responsibility.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

In Existentialism, human person and his freedom are

given great importance. personal growth and
development are the result of one's own efforts and
none can help in this regard.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

1-Criticism of Idealism:
Existentialists oppose the idea of idealists that
spiritual element is a universal character and all men
are fundamentally same and share with each other
the universal character etc.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

2-Criticism of Naturalism:
The existentialism are also critical of the philosophy
of naturalism. The existentialists oppose the idea that
life is governed by biochemical laws subject to the
universal law of causation. Due to law of causation,
there can be no human freedom of action. The
existentialists openly defend the freedom of man.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

3-Criticism of Scientific Philosophy

Due to tremendous progress in science and technology
value and importance of man has been made
negligible. that is why existentialists oppose scientific
philosophy and culture.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

4-Born of Despair :
On account of huge progress of science and technology
industrial environment and townships have made man
away from nature. So mechanism of life, there is a
growing despair in the minds of men. In the prevailing
perspectives exaggerated sense of responsibility and
duty can produce abnormal personality.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

5-Value of Human Personality :

Man is the centre of universe and nothing else is
equal to it. The basic feature of human person is his
freedom. Society and institutions are the sake of men
and not vice versa. All rules and principles that
hinder the human freedom are invalid and unjust.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

6-Importance of Subjectivity :
The existentialists reject objectivity on which the
scientists lay too much stress. The immediate
experience or feeling about which the existentialists
talk is the direct experience by individuals of things
like conflict, pain and anxiety etc.

conti….….

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

7-Importance of Subjectivity :
These Conflicts and pains tell a person the quality of
his life. And the function of philosophy is to analyze
these conflicts and trace their causes

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

8-No Construction of Philosophical System :

The existentialists do not ponder over traditional
problems/theories like God, soul, space, time its origin
and evolution. They say that true aim of philosophy
is action and not theory.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

9-Emphasis on the Relation of Individual and

World :
Man and world both are unbound and free. The worth
of man is underivable from any universal element.
Briefly, the existentialist consider man to be centre of
all value and activity.

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Chief Characteristics of Existentialism

10-Emphasis on the Problem of Inner Conflict :

The real problem of the modern world is not
ideological but practical i.e. to inspire in men a sense
of responsibility and freedom. so we require for this
purpose individuals who are free, who communicate
freely and respect theirs and others personalities.

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The Aims of Education

1. Realization of inner truth.

2. To enable the individual to recognize himself.
3. To give self realization.
4. To impart knowledge of self-existence.

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Child Centered Education

1. Freedom is necessary for natural development.

2. Education should convert imperfection into

perfection.

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Curriculum
I. Content for inner realization and achievement of
peace.

II. Besides science humanities, Ethics and Religion

for character building.

III. Religious and moral values.

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The Role of Teacher

The main duty of the teacher is to create atmosphere

in which the child is free to achieve self/ realization.

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