MODULE 1: Meet and Greet

 My Home, My School

MODULE 2: Concept and Nature of Self

 Who Am I?
 The Philosophical View of Self
 Socrates: Know Yourself
 Socratic ethics and virtue
 Plato: The Ideal Self
 Immanuel Kant: Respect for Self
 René Descartes: "I think, therefore I am"
 John Locke: Personal Identity
 David Hume: The Bundle Theory of Mind
 St. Augustine: Love and Justice as the Foundation of the Individual Self
 The Psychological View of Self
 Sigmund Freud: The Psychoanalytic Theory of Self
 Id, Ego, Superego
 Freudian Stages of Psychosexual Development
 Erik Erikson: The Psychosocial Stages of Self-development

MODULE 3: Physical Self

 The Beautiful Me
 Factors in the Development of the Physical Self
 The Beginning of Life
 Taking Care of My Physical Self
 Balanced Diet
 Water
 Sleep

MODULE 4: Intelligent Behaviors

 Seeing My Natural Ability

 Fourteen Intelligent Behaviors

MODULE 5: Emotional Self

 Achieving My Emotional Competencies

 Fundamentals of Emotion
 Emotion Management Strategies

MODULE 6: Social Self

 Relating Harmoniously and Properly with Everyone

 Social Psychology
 Person Perception
  Social Norms
 Conformity
 Social Roles
 Sociogram
 Nature and Depth of Relationships
 Familiarity
 Attraction
 Love
 Romantic Love
 Affectionate Love
 Consummate Love
 The Triangular Theory of Love
 Attitudes
 Persuasion and Attitude Change
 Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
 Challenges in Life and the Role of Attitude

Module 2: Concept and Nature of Self

1. Socrates' famous dictum is "Know yourself," which encourages individuals to introspect and bring their inner selves to
light. It suggests that self-awareness is key to moral virtue.
2. Plato believed that humans were omniscient or all-knowing before being born into the world. He argued that through
contemplation and doing good, individuals can regain their former perfections by remembering their innate
knowledge.
3. Immanuel Kant's philosophy asserts that every individual is an end in themselves and should never be treated merely
as a means to someone else's ends. This is based on the principles of reason and justice, emphasizing respect for each
person's autonomy and dignity.
4. René Descartes' statement "I think, therefore I am" (Cogito, ergo sum) signifies that thinking is proof of existence. It
emphasizes the centrality of the thinking mind to one's existence and identity.
5. John Locke's theory of personal identity is founded on consciousness (memory), suggesting that a person's identity is
based on their ability to remember past experiences and actions.
6. The Bundle Theory of Mind, as posited by David Hume, questions the existence of a simple, unified self. According to
Hume, the self is just a bundle or collection of perceptions, and there is no single impression of the self.
7. St. Augustine believed that a virtuous life is characterized by love and justice. Virtue is defined by a constant turning
towards love, which means loving God and fellow humans while adhering to the golden rule of justice, treating others
as you would like to be treated.
8. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of self includes the id (internal desires), ego (reality), and superego
(conscience) as key components. These structures develop at different stages in a person's life and interact to form
the personality.
9. Freudian stages of psychosexual development include the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages, each
characterized by specific areas of pleasure and conflicts related to sexual drives.
10. Erik Erikson formulated the psychosocial stages of self-development, which involve unique developmental tasks and
crises at different life stages. These stages focus on how individuals handle social and psychological challenges.

Module 3: Physical Self

1. A balanced diet is essential for providing the necessary nutrients for growth and survival, preventing malnutrition, and
maintaining overall health.
2. Drinking at least eight glasses of water daily helps maintain efficient bodily functions, clear skin, and removes waste
products. Coffee, tea, and milk do not count as water sources.
3. Adequate sleep, ideally eight or more hours a day, allows the body to recover and rejuvenate, benefiting bones,
muscles, and the mind.
4. Maturation refers to the natural unfolding of inherent traits in an individual's physical development.
5. Nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining physical health, and avoiding junk food is important to prevent health
issues related to poor dietary choices.

Module 4: Intelligent Behaviors

1. Five of the 14 intelligent behaviors mentioned are: Persistence, Overcoming impulsiveness, Listening to others,
Flexibility in thinking, and Metacognition.
2. Persistence is important because it encourages individuals not to give up when facing difficult problems.
3. Metacognition is the awareness of one's thinking processes, allowing individuals to monitor and adjust their cognitive
processes effectively.
4. Questioning and problem-posing stimulate critical thinking by encouraging individuals to ask questions and seek
solutions independently.
5. Creativity enhances problem-solving skills by generating original and innovative solutions to challenges.

Module 5: Emotional Self

1. According to Plutchik's configuration of emotion, the eight fundamental emotions are joy, trust, fear, surprise,
sadness, disgust, anger, and anticipation.
2. Emotion management strategies include smiling to make oneself feel good, getting up and moving, checking in with
one's body, and labeling emotions.
3. Smiling to make oneself feel good involves forcing a smile in front of a mirror for at least 30 seconds to improve one's
mood.
4. Labeling emotions is the act of acknowledging and naming one's emotions, which can reduce their intensity.
5. Social psychology studies how individuals interact and behave in social situations, and first impressions are crucial
because they are formed quickly and can influence subsequent perceptions.

Module 6: Social Self

1. Conformity refers to yielding to group pressure to behave as others do, even without a direct request. Factors
influencing conformity include group size and unanimity.
2. Stereotypes are generalizations about a group, prejudice is an unfair attitude towards a group, and discrimination
involves specific unfair behavior or treatment towards a group.
3. Social norms are spoken and unspoken rules that dictate behavior in specific situations, guiding how individuals
conduct themselves in society.
4. Attraction is influenced by similarities or differences in interests, personality characteristics, life goals, and lifestyles,
among other factors.
5. The Triangular Theory of Love by Robert Sternberg includes passion, intimacy, and commitment as components that
form different types of love.

Essay Question 1: Explain the philosophical views on self as discussed by Socrates, Plato, Immanuel Kant, and René
Descartes. How do their perspectives differ, and what are the key principles underlying their concepts of self?

Answer 1: Socrates emphasized self-awareness and the famous dictum "Know yourself." He believed that recognizing
one's inner self is essential for achieving virtue. Plato, on the other hand, posited that humans were omniscient before
birth and can regain their knowledge through contemplation and doing good. Immanuel Kant stressed the
importance of treating every individual as an end in themselves, emphasizing respect and the avoidance of using
 others as means to an end. René Descartes introduced the notion of "I think, therefore I am," highlighting the
centrality of the thinking mind in one's identity.

Essay Question 2: Discuss John Locke's theory of personal identity and how it relates to consciousness and memory.
How does this differ from David Hume's Bundle Theory of Mind regarding the concept of self?

Answer 2: John Locke's theory of personal identity is based on the continuity of consciousness and memory.
According to Locke, an individual's identity is determined by their ability to remember past experiences and actions.
In contrast, David Hume's Bundle Theory of Mind argues that there is no simple, unified self, and the self is merely a
collection of perceptions. Hume posits that there is no single impression of the self, and personal identity is an
illusion.

Essay Question 3: Explain Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of self, including the id, ego, and superego. How
do these components interact to form an individual's behavior, and what are their respective roles?

Answer 3: Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory posits that the human psyche is structured into three parts: the id,
ego, and superego. The id represents internal desires and instincts, seeking pleasure and self-satisfaction. The ego is
the rational part of the personality that maintains a sense of identity and reality. The superego is concerned with
morals, standards, and critical judgment. These three components interact to form an individual's behavior, with the
ego mediating between the id's desires and the superego's moral standards.

Essay Question 4: Describe the stages of Freudian psychosexual development and the key characteristics of each
stage. How does each stage influence an individual's development and behavior?

Answer 4: Freudian psychosexual development consists of several stages, each characterized by specific areas of
pleasure and conflicts related to sexual drives:

1. Oral stage (birth to 1 year): Pleasure centers on the mouth, and conflicts may arise from weaning.
2. Anal stage (2 to 3 years): Pleasure comes from defecation, and conflicts can emerge during toilet training.
3. Phallic stage (3 to 6 years): Curiosity about genitals and attachment to the opposite-sex parent can lead to the
Oedipus complex (for boys) and the Electra complex (for girls).
4. Latency stage (10 to 12 years): Sexual motivations recede as the focus shifts to skill development and other activities.
5. Genital stage (puberty onwards): Sexual pleasure is derived from heterosexual relations.

Each stage influences an individual's development and behavior by shaping their attitudes and conflicts related to
sexuality and pleasure.

Essay Question 5: Discuss the Triangular Theory of Love proposed by Robert Sternberg. What are the three
components of love, and how do they interact to form different types of love? Provide examples of the types of love
that can emerge from these components.

Answer 5: Robert Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love identifies three components of love: passion, intimacy, and
commitment. These components interact to form various types of love:

 Passion refers to physical and sexual attraction.

 Intimacy is characterized by emotional warmth and closeness.
 Commitment reflects the intent to maintain a relationship. Different combinations of these components result in
different types of love, such as romantic love (high passion, moderate intimacy, and low commitment), affectionate
love (high intimacy and commitment, moderate passion), and consummate love (high passion, intimacy, and
commitment). These combinations can lead to diverse forms of love in various relationships.