A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY

The National Center for Teacher Education
Taft Avenue, Manila

A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions

in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

A Case Study Presented to the

Faculty of Education Sciences

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

Teaching Profession I

Submitted by:

Agtarap, Janella Nicole L.

Angeles, Francine Angeli P.
Bautista, Bern Patrick M.
Castorico, Conrad Mervic G.
Dela Paz, Lhalayne Aisha R.
Gumba, Nikki Bianca B.
Labasan, Ronadel Aliyah T.
Lucas, Mark James S.
Sayat, Dale Gabriel
Villaran, Andrea Daphne F.

Submitted to:

Gerry C. Areta

January 2024

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 A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

Table of Contents
I. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..3

II. Literary Review/Background Information………………………………………………...3

III. Methods……………………………………………………………………………………6

IV. Findings…………………………………………………………………………………...7

V. Discussion…………………………………………………………………………………8

VI. Conclusions………………………………………………………………………………..9

VII. Recommendations………………………………………………………………………..11

VIII. References………………………………………………………………………………..13

IX. Author’s Note…………………………………………………………………………….14

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

Introduction

Addressing an administrative case involves a series of procedures that requires a systematic

and fair approach to ensure justice and adherence to established institutional policies. This

highlights the immense importance of thorough investigations, negotiations, due process, and

allowing both parties to present their perspectives and evidence, which emphasize integrity and

conflict resolution. There are different procedures that should be followed in administrative

wrongdoings, depending on the demands of the situation.

These set out the procedures to be followed, the rights of the parties involved, and the

standards of evidence required to support the decision. The rules also establish timelines for the

various stages of the process, from the initiation of litigation to the final resolution. The teacher

and school officials must undergo certain steps to ensure a fair and objective investigation and

resolution. By following these steps, the school's official can minimize the risk of error, bias, or

arbitrary decisions and increase confidence in the integrity of the management system.

Literary Review/Background Information

According to Llego, M. (2014), in their published article entitled ''Updated DepEd

Administrative Cases Rules of Procedure," this is the updated Rules of Procedure disseminated in

accordance with DepEd Order No. 43, s. 2006, dated October 19, 2006, includes 68 sections

pertaining to the Revised Rules of Procedure of The Department of Education in Administrative

Cases. Dishonesty, oppression, neglect of duty, misconduct, and other administrative violations

may be committed by teachers. The superintendents of a school shall be the ones to discipline the

authority for administrative measures against non-teaching professionals in their respective school

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

divisions and have jurisdiction over administrative issues, according to section 1, Disciplining

Authority.

Teachers can commit a variety of infringements and face disciplinary action from higher-

ups. Several processes or procedures must be followed in order to complete an administrative case.

The Department of Education (DepEd) executes this Order in order to have fair and equal

jurisdiction. According to this article, if a principal is unsure how to handle a case, they should

approach the Department of Education (DepEd) in their region, and the superintendent will assist

them throughout the case procedure.

According to the School Division Office, in their article titled "Filing of Complaint'' there

are two approaches to filing a complaint. A person should go to the division office if they have a

complaint about a non-teaching employee. Meanwhile, a person must contact the regional office

if their complaint is against a teaching or teaching-related employee.

To identify who to approach or come to, the teacher or school official should assess and

investigate the misconduct of a teacher. They should know where to go because the Department

of Education (DepEd) has so many higher-ups. As a result, it is critical to examine the wrongdoing

before turning to an official, as there are different processes for each situation.

According to the Inquirer (2023), in a report titled ''DepEd suspends five teachers in sex

abuse probe,'' five of the seven teachers at Bacoor National High School (BNHS) in Cavite have

been charged with ''grooming'' or sexually harassing a student. According to the Department of

Education (DepEd), the five teachers were accused in administrative cases of significant

misconduct and violating the child protection policy. The teachers infringe DepEd Order No. 40,

s. 2012, or the Child Protection Policy. They also faced a 90-day suspension, with removal from

the service as the most severe consequence.

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

In another report titled "DepEd suspends teacher who slapped Antipolo student," the

teacher of Peñafrancia Elementary School in Antipolo, Rizal, was accused of slapping their Grade

5 student. With this accusation and supporting evidence from the investigation of the Teachers'

Dignity Coalition, the teacher violated DepEd Order No. 40, s. 2012 (Child Protection Policy),

R.A. 7610 (Child Abuse Law) and Executive Order No. 2019, s. 1987 (Family Code of the

Philippines). The teacher, after a long series of investigations, faced a 90-day suspension. In the

report, TDC chair Benjo Basas supports his defense for the accusations against the teacher by

stating information listed in the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers. With this information,

we can see that first, teachers must know what laws will be able to defend them by being aware of

what system they are under. In this case, the teacher was in the public education system.

School officials or teachers should know where to go when submitting administrative

cases. There is a proper or correct individual who can help or provide support when filing a

complaint. There are several procedures to follow, and different penalties will be imposed, so they

must approach the appropriate authorities. Teachers who do wrongdoing need to be punished, and

to receive a deserved punishment, they must go to the correct persons to obtain the proper

jurisdiction.

The Family Code of the Philippines grants special parental authority and responsibility

certain to schools, administrators, teachers, or any individual, entity, or institution involved in child

care over a minor child under supervision, instruction, or custody. This authority and responsibility

apply to all authorized activities, whether inside or outside the school's premises, entity, or

institution. Article 219 imposes joint and primary liability on those given the authority and

responsibility under Article 218 for damages caused by the acts or omissions of an unemancipated

minor. The parents, judicial guardians, or individuals exercising substitute parental authority over

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

the minor are secondarily liable for such damages. These provisions ensure that teachers and

school personnel are held accountable for the safety and well-being of their students while under

their care.

Methods

This section presents a detailed analysis of the methods, findings, and discussion derived

from the investigation into a case about a teacher who was being accused. By presenting these key

elements, this part aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the study process and its

outcomes, ultimately contributing to a broader understanding of the topic.

An explanatory design was used in this study. This deals with further discussing what a

teacher or school official should do if they are accused of administrative wrongdoing. These

actions may include violations of the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers and Magna Carta

for Teachers, such as getting money from the students for their National Achievement Test (NAT),

''grooming'' or sexually harassing a student, etc.

To deepen the researchers’ understanding of the study, they implemented a qualitative

analysis, specifically a methodological pluralism, to obtain a wider range of data to relate to the

subject at hand. This was achieved by studying and referring to past research that is relevant to the

topic. In this way, the researchers broadened their knowledge about cases that were similar to their

chosen topic.

This study employed non-probability sampling, specifically a purposive sampling

technique, to gather the participants. These participants include teachers who are accused of

administrative wrongdoings and therefore are involved in administrative cases.

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

Findings

1. The findings have adverse effects on teachers and school officials charged with administrative

misconduct. Recommendations may include establishing clear norms for ethical behavior,

preemptive efforts to prevent wrongdoing, and proper mechanisms for dealing with charges in an

open and equitable manner. These consequences can help establish a positive and accountable

educational atmosphere.

2. Acknowledging potential limitations, such as the specific focus on teachers accused of

administrative wrongdoing, opens avenues for future research. Exploring a broader range of

educational stakeholders and considering additional factors influencing administrative misconduct

could further enrich our understanding of this complex issue.

3. The study's focus on the Code of Ethics and Magna Carta for Teachers implies potential policy

implications. The findings could inform the development or refinement of educational policies,

emphasizing the importance of ethical conduct and addressing gaps that may contribute to

administrative wrongdoing. This aligns with the broader goal of ensuring a professional and

accountable educational system.

These findings collectively contribute to a deeper understanding of how educational institutions

can navigate and address administrative wrongdoing allegations, fostering a culture of

accountability and ethical conduct within the teaching profession.

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

Discussion

The observed findings shed light on the difficult consequences experienced by teachers

and school officials accused of administrative misbehavior. This exposure calls for a proactive

approach to developing ethical norms in school environments. To reduce the danger of misconduct,

recommendations include setting transparent norms for ethical behavior. Preventive measures can

include proactive initiatives such as regular training and awareness programs. Furthermore, having

appropriate processes for dealing with charges in an open and equitable manner provides a fair

process, helping to form a constructive and accountable educational environment.

While the study provides valuable insights, acknowledging its limitations is crucial for a

comprehensive understanding. The specific focus on teachers accused of administrative

wrongdoing creates an opportunity for future research to broaden its scope. Exploring a more

extensive range of educational stakeholders and delving into additional factors influencing

administrative misconduct can enhance the depth of understanding in this complex issue. Future

studies might consider diverse perspectives to capture a holistic view of the challenges faced

within educational institutions.

The study's discussion on the Code of Ethics and the Magna Carta for Teachers has

important policy consequences. The findings highlight the importance of informed policy

formation or modification in education. In order to establish a professional and accountable

educational system, these policies must emphasize ethical behavior. Addressing the study's

deficiencies can lead to the introduction of measures to prevent administrative malpractice. This

is consistent with the overarching purpose of fostering an educational environment that values

honesty, transparency, and ethical behavior among teachers and school authorities.

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

In conclusion, the discussion highlights the multifaceted impact of the findings, suggesting

practical recommendations, emphasizing the importance of ongoing case studies, and advocating

for policy changes to strengthen ethical standards within educational institutions. By addressing

these aspects, the education system can move towards a more resilient and accountable framework

that prioritizes the well-being of teachers, school officials, and, ultimately, the students they serve.

Recommendation

1. Magna Carta for Public School Teachers

The Republic Act No. 4670, also known as The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers

(1966), grants public school teachers certain rights and advantages in recognition of the demands

and complexity of their line of work. This law outlines professional rights and obligations as well

as a general framework for the defense of teachers' rights. The principle of security of tenure for

public school teachers is outlined in Section 5 of RA 4670, and according to the law, teachers

cannot be dismissed or removed from their positions unless there are legitimate and justifiable

reasons, as specified by law, and only after following the proper procedures.

Furthermore, it is emphasized in Section 6 of RA 4670 that, except for cause and as herein

otherwise provided, no teacher shall be transferred without his consent from one station to another.

The truth has to be recognized properly and identified carefully. Accusations are sometimes rooted

in discrimination, and it shall be unlawful for any person to commit any acts of discrimination

against teachers and must be considered responsible according to Section 28 of RA 4670.

However, if the accusations appear to be true, according to Sections 8 and 9 of RA 4670, the

teacher must be held accountable and must undergo a process of investigation while also having

the right and opportunity to be heard. Each teacher shall have the privilege to enjoy equitable

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

safeguards at each stage of any disciplinary procedure. The teachers must have the right to be

informed, in writing, of the charges, to have full access to the evidence in the case, to defend

themselves and to be defended by a representative of their choice and/or by their organization, to

have adequate time given to the teacher for the preparation of their defense, and to appeal to clearly

designated authorities.

2. Code of Ethics

In this recommendation, the educational establishment must also follow the ethical or moral

guidelines provided in the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers when handling disciplinary

actions. The Code of Ethics' Section 5, Article II, indicates a strong emphasis on maintaining

professionalism by avoiding any political engagement, and ensuring that there is no bias or other

influence used in conducting a fair and impartial investigation into the Pasig City school principal

who was accused of accepting money from students for their National Achievement Test (NAT).

Additionally, Section 4 in Article IV emphasized the requirement to request support from the

school in an ethical manner and without making any improper misunderstandings. Keeping the

public's trust requires upholding the dignity of the teaching profession. However, if the principal

is found guilty, find appropriate penalties to ensure the teaching profession's dignified reputation,

as stated in the Code of Ethics, section 5, Article IV, wherein every teacher shall use the teaching

profession in a manner that makes it a dignified means for earning a decent living.

By integrating these recommendations and solutions, the educational institutions and school

officials may foster a culture of ethical conduct, transparency, professionalism, and accountability

in addressing the alleged wrongdoing.

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

Conclusion

A school official faces allegations for misconduct and for allegedly receiving payment

from children for their National Achievement Test (NAT). The case and the accusation are a clear

breach of the Magna Carta for Teachers and the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers. Should

the charges prove to be accurate, the instructor would either be fired from the school or transferred

to another institution. An explanatory design was employed by the researchers to better analyze

the findings. A wide range of data was obtained through the series of analyses by applying a

qualitative analysis, specifically a methodological pluralism. Along with using purposive

sampling, a non-probability sample strategy, the researchers also collected data from the

participants to identify the teachers who were accused of administrative wrongdoings and are

involved in administrative cases.

The findings indicate that the integrity of the school will be significantly impacted by the

teachers and administrators who engage in administrative misconduct. The implementation of

guidelines that delineate unambiguous standards for moral conduct, proactive measures to avert

misconduct by school administrators, and an appropriate process for fairly handling accusations

can all contribute to a favorable outcome for the institution's culture. In order to guarantee a more

professional and accountable system in the educational sector, a stronger set of rules and

regulations, together with a focus on the Code of Ethics and Magna Carta for Teachers, will be

developed.

The study concludes by summarizing its findings, recommendations, and suggestions,

which center on the significance of adhering to the Code of Ethics and Magna Carta for Teachers

and promoting the strengthening of ethical standards and policies within educational institutions

to ensure the safety of educators, administrators, students, and other stakeholders. By addressing

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

these issues, the study hopes to further prioritize the development of a more robust and accountable

framework.

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

References

Bautista, J. & Cabalza, D. (2023, October 11). DepEd suspends a teacher who slapped Antipolo

student. Inquirer. Retrieved January 3, 2024. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1843961/deped-

suspends-teacher-who-slapped-antipolo-student

Galacio, A. G. T. (n.d.). Rules of procedure in administrative cases against teachers.

https://famli.blogspot.com/2006/04/rules-of-procedure-in-administrative.html

Inquirer. Net. (2022). DepEd suspends five teachers in sex abuse probe.

https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1661057/deped-suspends-5-teachers-in-sex-abuse-probe

Llego, M. A. (2014). Updated DepEd Administrative Cases Rules of Procedure.

https://www.teacherph.com/deped-administrative-cases/

School Division Office - Las Piñas City. Filing of Complaints.

https://www.depedlaspinas.ph/filing-of-complaints/

Yee, J. (2016, January 21). Pasig principal in trouble over fee collection. Inquirer.net. Retrieved

December 27, 2023, from https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/757385/pasig-principal-in-trouble-over-

fee-collection

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A Case Analysis on a School's Administrative Actions in Addressing Teacher Misconduct Allegations

Author’s Note

The students of Philippine Normal University conducted a case analysis on managing

administrative matters to guarantee justice and accordance with established institutional standards.

This involves several steps that need to be done in a methodical and equitable manner. Utilizing

an explanatory design and methodological pluralism to gather a wider range of data to be used in

a qualitative analysis.

This case analysis was only possible with the contributions and guidance of each member

of the team. This page showcases the deepest gratitude upon accomplishing the case analysis. The

determination and efforts of each individual are greatly appreciated and acknowledged by the

group.

The bibliography at the conclusion of the paper includes citations for all the sources and

references utilized in this case analysis. The material that is provided is derived from a careful

analysis of the body of past studies as well as original information gathered through site visits and

interviews.

We believe that companies and researchers that are interested in adopting sustainable

practices into corporate structures will find this case analysis to be a useful resource.

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