 STUDENT INFORMATION

Mehran Rahmani 9570007

Department of Polymer Engineering Amir Kabir University of

Technology

 ABSTRACT
Hydrophobic polymers are classified into sections
based on chemical class and monomer functionality.
Within each section, polymers are listed in alphabetical
order, with copolymers placed in a section
corresponding to the majority monomer in their
compositions. Note that block copolymers are listed in
the separate Block Copolymers section of the catalog.

HYDRO PHOBIC POLYMERS AND COATING

 M_rahmani@aut.ac.ir Department of Polymer Engineering Amir Kabir University of Technology
Hydrophobic Polymers
Acrylics - Amides and Imides - Carbonates - Dienes - Esters - Ethers - Fluorocarbons - Olefins - Styrenes Vinyl Acetals -
Vinyl and Vinylidene Chlorides - Vinyl Esters -Vinyl Ethers and Ketones - Vinylpyridine and Vinypyrrolidone Polymers.
Now we introduce the hydrophobic polymers of each of the above groups and generally examine the properties of each.
1) Acrylics
This category includes various acrylic, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, and maleic anhydride polymers. These homo- and co-
polymers offer a wide range of properties: rigid, flexible, hydrophilic, or hydrophobic. They have good environmental
stability and are used in coatings, adhesives, and fibers. Most polymers are thermoplastic and are readily converted into
the desired shape by a thermal process.
 Acrylate Polymers

 Acrylonitrile Polymers and Copolymers

 Maleic Anhydride Copolymers

 Methacrylate Polymers

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2) Amides and Imides

Polyamides and polyimides have recurring amide and imide groups in the main polymer chain. The aliphatic polyamides
are commonly called nylons. They are widely used as fibers and engineering plastics. Polyimides may also contain ether
and amide functionality in the main chain. These materials tend to be thermally stable and are used in high temperature
applications.

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3) Carbonates
The most commercially successful polycarbonates are based on Bisphenol A and are known for their excellent impact
resistance. The molecular weight of these polymers is controlled by the addition of a monofunctional phenol.

4) Dienes
Polymers made from diene monomers are usually quite flexible and are used as elastomers. This group includes natural
rubber and related materials, as well as the large number of synthetic polymers made with diene monomers. Residual
unsaturation in these polymers is often used to cross-link (vulcanize) the materials to improve their physical properties.

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5) Esters
This category consists of saturated and unsaturated polymers containing ester functionality in the main polymer chain.
Natural oils are commonly used to make unsaturated polyesters. These materials, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate)
(PET), find wide use as fibers, films, and engineering plastics. Some of the polyesters are readily biodegradable (see the
Biodegradable Polymers section).

6) Ethers
These polymers have ether functionality in the main chain. They tend to be quite flexible and contribute impact resistance
to bulk properties. Many of the polyethers have functional groups at their chain ends and are used to prepare higher
molecular weight polymers. Thus, they could also be classified as macromonomers. They are commonly used in the
preparation of polyesters and polyurethanes. Poly(propylene glycol) polymers and oligomers are included in this category.
Additional polyethers, including aromatic resins, are found in the Engineering Polymers section.
 Epichlorohydrin

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 Oxymethylene
 Propylene Glycol

 Propylene Glycol Oligomers

 Tetrahydrofuran

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7) Fluorocarbons
Fluorocarbon polymers are unique materials in that the polymer is not "wet" by hydrophilic or hydrophobic materials.
They have very low coefficients of friction and have outstanding chemical and thermal resistance properties. Copolymers
find wide use as they can be melt-processed more readily than poly(tetra-fluoroethylene).

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8) Olefins
This group includes primarily polyethylene, polypropylene, their copolymers, and chemically modified analogs.
Polyethylene and polypropylene prepared by the new metallocene catalyst technology are also included.
 Butene and Higher

 Ethylene

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 Propylene

9) Styrenes
Polystyrene and its copolymers have found important applications as films, foams, and structural components.
Copolymers with diene monomers are cross-linked to give thermoplastic elastomers. Acrylonitrile-containing
copolymers have improved impact strength relative to polystyrene. Polystyrene film is highly transparent to visible
radiation and has a high refractive index. Vinyl aromatic polymers, which are analogs of polystyrene, are also
included in this category.
 Polystyrene

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 Styrene copolymers

 Substituted and Modified Styrenes

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10) Vinyl Acetals

Poly(vinyl acetal)s are prepared by reacting aldehydes with poly(vinyl alcohol), which is made by hydrolyzing poly(vinyl
acetate). Thus, the polymers contain varying levels of acetal, hydroxy, and acetate functionalities. Polyacetals, such as
polyoxymethylene, are listed in the Ethers section.

11) Vinyl and Vinylidene Chlorides

Poly(vinyl chloride) is often highly plasticized to improve rheology for melt processing. It is highly susceptible to UV and
high-temperature degradation and stabilizers (see Stabilizers in the Polymer Additives section) are commonly added.
Copolymers are made with vinyl acetate and ethylene to improve rheology properties. Poly (vinylidene chloride), and
some of its copolymers, are crystalline. Poly(vinylidenechloride) copolymers have self-adhesive (clinging) characteristics.

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 M_rahmani@aut.ac.ir Department of Polymer Engineering Amir Kabir University of Technology

12) Vinyl Esters

The majority of polymers in this category consist of vinyl acetate and its copolymers. Poly(vinyl acetate) is unique in that
the most common polymerization method results in a nonlinear, highly branched polymer. It is the precursor to poly(vinyl
alcohol) and poly(vinyl acetal) polymers.

13) Vinyl Ethers and Ketones

A variety of homo- and copolymers containing these monomers is available. Alternating copolymers of vinyl ethers with
maleic anhydride, and their corresponding half esters, amides, and imides, offer a large number of polymers with a wide
range of physical properties.

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 M_rahmani@aut.ac.ir Department of Polymer Engineering Amir Kabir University of Technology

14) Vinylpyridine and Vinypyrrolidone Polymers

Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is a polar polymer with excellent film-forming and adhesion properties. It is commonly
used in formulating hair sprays and hand creams, as well as in the textile industry due to its affinity for many dyestuffs.
PVP is a biocompatible polymer and was used as a blood plasma substitute, although this usage is becoming uncommon.
 Poly(vinylpyridine)

 Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)

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 M_rahmani@aut.ac.ir Department of Polymer Engineering Amir Kabir University of Technology

Hydrophobic Polymer Coating

 Aculon
Plastics can be among the most challenging surfaces to modify the performance of with nanoscale treatments, as most all
competitive technologies simply cannot form permanent bonds with the largely inert surfaces that plastics provide for
bonding.
Aculon’s patented Transition Metal Complex (TMC) coatings, however, are chemically engineered to form extremely
uniform nanoscale films that interact with the polymer surface resulting in a highly repellent surface which repels both
water and oil.
This non-toxic surface treatment can be applied by anyone in very little time and in a number of different ways to produce
lasting, highly uniform, hydrophobic water repelling barriers that water molecules simply cannot connect to, leaving it to
bead and slide off the surface without any residue or leftover moisture.
There is simply no other product on the market today that can provide the same cost-effective performance of Aculon’s
Hydrophobic Polymer Coatings and treatments.
This unique, hydrophobic nanotechnology is inexpensive and doesn’t need any form of capital investment in complex
machinery to transform a plastic surface into a permanent, non-toxic barrier with the following properties:
1. Applicable in numerous industries and countless applications.
2. Water repellent.
3. Anti-smudge.
4. Dirt and grime repellent.
5. Oil repellent.
6. Easy-clean.
 The Aculon Advantage

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 M_rahmani@aut.ac.ir Department of Polymer Engineering Amir Kabir University of Technology
Aculon’s treatments for repellency (superhydrophobic and oleophobic), adhesion promotion, and particles offer numerous
advantages over competing technologies. Flexible, easy to apply and cost effective treatments make Aculon’s treatments
the nanotech solution for numerous applications. Some of the many reasons why Aculon is the best technology for your
repellency, adhesion, and particle treatment application:
1. Nanoscale: 2-4 nm Thick Treatments
2. Easy to Apply
3. No or Minimal Capital Equipment
4. Easy Scale Up
5. Flexible Application Methods
6. Treat Sensitive Parts
7. Durable Treatments
8. Functionalize Nanoparticles
9. Consumer and OEM Applied Technologies
10. Increase Hydrophobocity
11. Increase Oleophobicity
12. Promote Adhesion
13. Treat Metals and Metal Oxides
14. Treat Glass Oxides and Polymers

 Reactive silica nanoparticles turn epoxy coating from hydrophilic to super-robust superhydrophobic.

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